2022-2023學(xué)年遼寧省遼陽市高三上學(xué)期12月月考英語試題及答案

2022-2023學(xué)年遼寧省遼陽市高三上學(xué)期12月月考英語試題及答案注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?A.Attentive. B.Cautious. C.Careless.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Theretheyare!I’vebeenlookingforthemeverywhere.M:Youmeanyourkeys?You’realwayslosingthem.Bemorecarefulinfuture.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Seeamovie. B.Cleanhisroom. C.Playbasketball.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:CanIgotoseeamovietonightwithmyfriends?W:Notuntilyoucleanyourroom.I’vebeenaskingyoutocleanitforweeks.M:YouknowI’vebeenjustbusypracticingbasketball.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhodidthemanvisitinSanFrancisco?A.Hisuncle. B.Hisboss. C.Hisaunt.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:It’snicetoseeyouagain.Haveyouchangedyourjob?M:No.IvisitedmyuncleinSanFrancisco.W:That’snice.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhatwillJackdothisafternoon?A.Stayathome. B.Seeadoctor. C.Gotowork.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:I’veheardJackisverysickatwork?W:Yes,butheisgoingtohospitalthisafternoon.M:Ihopehewillgetwellsoon.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howmuchshouldthemanpay?A.40yuan. B.300yuan. C.340yuan.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hereisyourbill,sir.M:Thankyou.Only300yuan?W:Itshouldbe340yuan.Asyoubroketwocups,weadded40yuan.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shefeelsworried. B.Shelikessinging. C.Shehasgotafever.7.Howdoesthewomanoftencleanherears?A.Byusingherfingers. B.Byusingaplasticstick. C.Byusingamentalstick.【答案】6.A7.A【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning.What’swrongwithyou?W:Ifeelupset.I’vebeenhearingsomesinginginmyearsthisweek.M:Don’tworry.Haveyouhadafeverrecently?W:Actually,no.M:Doyoualwayscleanyourearswithaplasticormetalstick?W:No.Ialwaysdothatwithmyfingers.M:That’sprobablytheproblem.Cleaningyourearswithyourfingersoftendoesharmtoyourlistening.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.WhydoesthewomanrefusetogototheMetropolitanMuseumofArttoday?A.Theweatherisn’tgood.B.Sheisn’tinterestedinart.C.Shewantstostayoutdoors.9.Wherearethespeakersgoingfirst?A.TotheCentralPark. B.TotheTimesSquare. C.TotheStatueofLiberty.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】W:So,thisisourfirstdayinNewYork.Whatshallwedo?M:Well,howaboutgoingtotheMetropolitanMuseumofArt?Peoplesayit’sreallygood.W:I’drathernotdothattoday.Theweatherisgreat.Iwanttobeoutside.M:OK,well...Whydon’twegototheStatueofLiberty?W:That’sagoodidea.AndafterwardswhataboutgoingtotheCentralPark?M:Sure.Thatsoundsgreat.Oh,andIwanttogototheTimesSquareaswell.W:That’sfinewithme.Let’sgotherefirst.It’snotfarfromhere.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.Whatdoesthemancallthewomantodo?A.Makeareservation. B.Checkoutofthehotel. C.Askaboutthecitycenter.11.WhatdoesthewomansayabouttheImperial?A.Itischeaperthanherhotel.B.Itisratedasafive-starhotel.C.Itisbetterknownthanherhotel.12.WhatdoesthemanfinallywanttoknowabouttheImperial?A.Thetelephonenumber. B.Theprice. C.Thelocation.【答案】10.A11.A12.A【解析】原文】W:AdventureReservations.CanIhelpyou?M:Yes.I’dliketobookasingleroomwithabathforSeptember22to25.W:Justamoment,please.I’msorry,sir.Wearefullybookedonthosedates.M:Oh,that’stoobad.Couldyourecommendanotherhotelthatwon’tbefulluptome?W:Yes,ofcourse.Wherewouldyouratherliketobe,inthecitycenterorinthesuburbs?M:Ipreferaplaceclosetothecitycenterbecauseitismoreconvenient.W:Inthatcase,IwouldsuggestthatyoutrytheImperial.M:Doyouknowtheratepernightforasingleroomwithabaththere?AndpleasetellmewhattheImperialislike.W:Well,asinglewithabathatthemomentwouldbebetween$50to$60.Itisratedasafour-starhotel.OursisbetterknownthantheImperialbutthentheImperialislessexpensivethanhere.M:Uh-huh.Onelastthing,doyouknowitstelephonenumber?W:Yes,itis61540928.M:Thankyouverymuch.Ireallyappreciateyourhelp,goodbye.W:Goodbyeandthankyouforcallingus.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Wherearethespeakersnow?A.InItaly. B.InFrance. C.InEngland.14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues. B.Neighbors. C.Classmates.15.WhydidSharonfailtoseetheBloodyTower?A.Hersondidn’tlikeit.B.Shehadnotimetogothere.C.Itwasnotincludedinherbrochure.16.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutPisa?A.Itisgreat. B.Itissmall. C.Itisnoisy.【答案】13.B14.B15.C16.A【解析】【原文】M:Hey!Hithere!Sharon!Fancymeetingyouhere—Paris,France,again!W:Donald!Whatacoincidence!It’sasmallworld,isn’tit?M:Yeah.That’sbecausewelivenextdoor.We’vejustfinishedourtour.We’regoingbacktomorrow,butIwishIhadmoretime.Whataboutyou?W:Howtimeflies!I’mleavingtomorrow,too.M:Wherehaveyoubeen,Sharon?W:Well...westartedinLondon.Youknow,theTowerofLondon.M:Ohyeah,westartedinLondon,too.IlikedtheBloodyTower,wheremanyimpressivehistoricalstoriestookplace.W:Idon’tthinkwewentthere.ButI’msuremysonwishedhe’dbeenthere.Helikesallthatsortofthingandthestories.Ithinkthebrochureshouldbeimproved.Ididn’tseeanythinginitaboutthat.M:Youmeanyoudidn’tgototheBloodyTower!Whatapity!WhataboutItalythen?W:Pisa.Itisafantasticcity.M:Ican’tagreewithyou.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeakerexplaining?A.Howhe’llmakeapresentation.B.Howtosende-mailstostudents.C.Howhe’llgradeforthegroupprojects.18.Howmanygradeswillthespeakergivetohisstudents?A.One. B.Two. C.Three.19.Whatwillthespeakerdowiththewrittenreport’sgrade?A.Checkeveryone’swork.BGiveeveryonethesamegrade.C.Askeachonetomakeareport.20.Whatisthefinalgraderelatedto?A.Thegrouppresentation.B.Thepersonalcontribution.C.Thegroupwrittenreport.【答案】17.C18.C19.B20.B【解析】【原文】M:Ihavebeengettingquiteafewe-mailswithquestionsaboutgradingforthegroupprojects,soletmeclarifythatbeforewestartclasstoday.Thegroupprojectincludesawrittenreportandapresentation.ButI’llgiveyouthreegrades.First,I’llgradethewrittenreportasawhole,andeverymemberofthatgroupwillreceivethesamegradeonthewrittenreport,soyoucandividetheworkandproducethebestreporttogether.Thesecondgradeisforthepresentation,whichisalsoagroupgrade.Again,Isuggestyousharethelaborhere.Andremembereveryonehasthepotentialtocontributesomethingtothegroup.Thefinalgradeisapersonalgradebasedonyourcontributiontothegroup.AndI’llgiveyouagradebasedonyourcontribution.Tobeasfairaspossible,I’llaskforthesignatureofeverygroupmemberonyourlist,checkingthatyourlistisappropriatefortheworkyouhavedone.SoI’llhavethethreegradesandaddthemtogetherandaveragethemtogiveyouatotalgrade.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIntroductiontotheEventsHeldintheBritishLibraryInternationalTranslationDay29th-30th,September2022InternationalTranslationDayreturnswithatwo-dayprogrammefromEnglishPEN.Itistheannualeventfortranslators,translationandtranslatedliterature.Followingthein-personprogrammeofLondon-basedworkshops,talksandnetworkingopportunities,EnglishPENhostsonlineconversationswithinternationalspeakers.AudioDescriptionTourofGold19thSeptember,2022Onthistouryoucanexploreitemsthatarehundredsofyearsoldanddisclosethestorieslightenedbygold.Discoverthemasterfultechniquesusedtohandlesuchapreciousmetal.ThisisanonlineonlyeventhostedontheBritishLibraryplatform.Peoplebookingitwillbesentaviewinglinkinadvancetowatchatanytimefor48hoursafterthestarttime.SpringandSummer2022Programme12thFebruary-21stAugust2022TheBritishLibraryhascooperatedwithWestDeanCollegeofArtsandConservationtodeliverastudyprogrammeonpreservationandcollectionforlibraries.Theprogrammecentersaroundcontinuedprofessionaldevelopmentandisaimedatprofessionals,studentsandothersinterestedinfurtheringtheirskillsinthisarea.AlexandertheGreat:TheMakingofWonders21stOctober,2022-19thFebruary,2023Alexander,borninancientMacedonia,builtanempirethatstretchedacrosstheancientworld,andhisexplorationofunfamiliarlands,rulersandcultures,fromEuropeantoAsianshapedhislegacyintothefantasticstoriesweknowoftoday.Joinlibrarians,writersandhistorianstodigintothesestories,asyoudecideforyourselfwhoAlexanderreallywas.21.Whatdothefirsttwolistedeventshaveincommon?A.Bothlasttwodays. B.Bothshouldbebookedinadvance.C.BothareavailableontheInternet. D.BotharebasedinLondonworkshops.22.WhatdoesSpringandSummer2022Programmefocuson?A.Theconstructionofcollegecampuses.B.Theexplorationofancienttechnology.C.Theintroductionofmetal-handlingtechniques.D.Thedevelopmentoflibrarycollectionprofessions.23.Whicheventisconcernedwithahistoricalfigure?A.InternationalTranslationDay.B.AudioDescriptionTourofGold.C.SpringandSummer2022Programme.D.AlexandertheGreat:TheMakingofWonders.【答案】21.C22.D23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了大英圖書館的一些活動(dòng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章“InternationalTranslationDay”部分內(nèi)容“Followingthein-personprogrammeofLondon-basedworkshops,talksandnetworkingopportunities,EnglishPENhostsonlineconversationswithinternationalspeakers.(除了在倫敦舉辦的面對(duì)面的研討會(huì)、談話和交流機(jī)會(huì)外，英國筆會(huì)還主持與國際演講者的在線對(duì)話。)”可知，該項(xiàng)目有網(wǎng)絡(luò)的在線對(duì)話，而“AudioDescriptionTourofGold”部分內(nèi)容“Peoplebookingitwillbesentaviewinglinkinadvancetowatchatanytimefor48hoursafterthestarttime.(預(yù)定的觀眾將提前收到觀看鏈接，可以在開演后48小時(shí)內(nèi)隨時(shí)觀看。)”則提到可以提前通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)鏈接觀看演出。由此可推知，二者的共同點(diǎn)是都可以通過在網(wǎng)上找到。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“SpringandSummer2022Programme”部分內(nèi)容“TheBritishLibraryhascooperatedwithWestDeanCollegeofArtsandConservationtodeliverastudyprogrammeonpreservationandcollectionforlibraries.Theprogrammecentersaroundcontinuedprofessionaldevelopmentandisaimedatprofessionals,studentsandothersinterestedinfurtheringtheirskillsinthisarea.(大英圖書館與西迪恩藝術(shù)與保護(hù)學(xué)院合作，為圖書館提供了一個(gè)關(guān)于保存和收藏的研究項(xiàng)目。該項(xiàng)目以持續(xù)專業(yè)發(fā)展為中心，面向?qū)I(yè)人士、學(xué)生和其他有興趣在這一領(lǐng)域提高技能的人。)”可知，該項(xiàng)目涉及圖書館的“保存和收藏”，即，館藏專業(yè)，以該專業(yè)的持續(xù)性發(fā)展為中心。因此，該項(xiàng)目的重點(diǎn)是圖書館館藏事業(yè)的發(fā)展。故選D項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“ahistoricalfigure”定位到文章“AlexandertheGreat:TheMakingofWonders”部分內(nèi)容“Alexander,borninancientMacedonia,builtanempirethatstretchedacrosstheancientworld,andhisexplorationofunfamiliarlands,rulersandcultures,fromEuropeantoAsianshapedhislegacyintothefantasticstoriesweknowoftoday.(亞歷山大出生于古代馬其頓，他建立了一個(gè)橫跨古代世界的帝國，他對(duì)陌生的土地、統(tǒng)治者和文化的探索，從歐洲到亞洲，將他的遺產(chǎn)塑造成我們今天所知道的奇妙故事。)”可知，該項(xiàng)目是與歷史人物亞歷山大有關(guān)。故選D項(xiàng)。BAbout15yearsago,AndrewMcLindon,abusinessmanandcyclingenthusiast,wasridinghisbikeinAustin,Texas,whenhethoughtaboutagoodfriend’s12-year-oldson.Theboyhadneverknownthejoyofbikingbecausehesufferedfromhydrocephalus,abuildupofliquidinthebrainthatoftencausesbalancedisturbances.Whenhegothome,McLindon,now60,wentonlineandfoundathree-wheelbikewithaseatbelt,perfectforachildwithbalanceissues.Soontheboywaspedalingaroundthestreetwithhisfriends,havingfunandgettingexercise.Buttherewasmore,asMcLindonobtainedfromhisfriend’sreaction.“Toseehissoninteractingwithotherkids,”McLindonsays,“I’llneverforgetthesmileontheboy’sface.”ThatsmilehascontributedtolaunchingtheMcLindonFamilyFoundation.Fundedbydonations,thegroupworkswithchildren’sclinicstofindchildrenwhocanbenefitfromowninganadaptivebikeandhelpcrafteachbiketotheparticularneedsofthespecialchild.Abikemayincludeaheadrest,ashoulderharness,aseatbelt,andacaregiver’ssteeringandbrakingmechanismintheback.Thebikesareexpensive—$3,000to$4,000,andthat’swiththefoundation’ssteepproducer’sdiscount.Forkidsluckyenoughtogetone,they’realifechanger.“Weworkedwitha14-year-oldgirlwhohasspinabifida(脊柱裂),”saysMcLindon.“ShespentmostdaysonthecouchwatchingTV.Soonaftershegotherbike,shewastrainingforprofessionalsportstraining.Inamagazineinterview,shesaid,‘Ialwaysknewtherewasanathleteinme.’”Sofar,thefoundationhasgivenaway450bikes,andthat’sjustastart.“Idoalotofthings.Irunalotofcompanies,”McLindonsays.“ButgettingthesekidstheirbikesisthemostimportantthingthatIdo.”24.WhichofthefollowingledMcLindontostartthefoundation?A.Hisenthusiasmforcycling.B.Thejoyabikebroughttoakid.C.Theproposalfromhisgoodfriend.D.Hisson’ssufferingfromabraindisease.25.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebikesfromthetext?A.Theylackfundsupport.B.Theyhavesafetyissues.C.Theyareverycheapandaffordable.D.Theyaredesignedfordisabledkids.26.Whatchangedidthebikebringtothe14-year-oldgirl?A.Sherecoveredphysically.B.ShestoppedwatchingTV.C.Herathleticpotentialwasdeveloped.D.Herdesiretogivewasstimulated.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Abikeseller. B.Life-alteringcycles.C.Mentally-disabledkids. D.Aninteractiveplatform.【答案】24.B25.D26.C27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了自行車愛好者安德魯·麥克林登創(chuàng)立麥克林登家族基金會(huì)，為平衡感有問題的孩子們制作適合他們騎行的特殊自行車。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Theboyhadneverknownthejoyofbikingbecausehesufferedfromhydrocephalus,abuildupofliquidinthebrainthatoftencausesbalancedisturbances.(這個(gè)男孩從未體驗(yàn)過騎自行車的樂趣，因?yàn)樗加心X積水，腦積水經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致平衡障礙。)”以及第二段中“McLindonsays,“I’llneverforgetthesmileontheboy’sface.”(麥克林登說:“我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記那個(gè)男孩臉上的笑容。”)”以及第三段中“ThatsmilehascontributedtolaunchingtheMcLindonFamilyFoundation.(他的微笑促成了麥克林登家族基金會(huì)的成立。)”可知，麥克林登看到那些從未體驗(yàn)過騎自行車樂趣的孩子們騎上了自行車，孩子們臉上的笑容促使他成立基金會(huì)。故選B?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“Fundedbydonations,thegroupworkswithpediatricrehab(小兒科康復(fù))clinicstofindchildrenwhocanbenefitfromowninganadaptivebike—andtohelpcrafteachbiketotheparticularneedsofthechild.Abikemayincludeaheadrest,ashoulderharness,aseatbelt,andacaregiver’ssteeringandbrakingmechanismintheback.(在捐款的資助下，該組織與兒科康復(fù)診所合作，尋找能夠從擁有一輛自適應(yīng)自行車中受益的兒童，并幫助根據(jù)兒童的特殊需要設(shè)計(jì)每輛自行車。自行車可能包括頭枕、肩帶、安全帶，以及背部護(hù)理人員的轉(zhuǎn)向和制動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu))”可知，這種自行車是為平衡感有問題的孩子們制作的適合他們騎行的特殊自行車，即它們是為殘疾兒童設(shè)計(jì)的。故選D?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中““ShespentmostdaysonthecouchwatchingTV.Soonaftershegotherbike,shewastrainingforprofessionalsportstraining.Inamagazineinterview,shesaid,‘Ialwaysknewtherewasanathleteinme.’”(“她大部分時(shí)間都窩在沙發(fā)上看電視。在她得到自行車后不久，她就開始接受專業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練。在一次雜志采訪中，她說，‘我一直都知道自己有運(yùn)動(dòng)員的潛質(zhì)?！?”可知，自行車讓這個(gè)14歲的女孩知道自己有運(yùn)動(dòng)員的潛質(zhì)，即她的運(yùn)動(dòng)潛力得到了開發(fā)。故選C?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章講述了自行車愛好者安德魯·麥克林登創(chuàng)立麥克林登家族基金會(huì)，為平衡感有問題的孩子們制作適合他們騎行的特殊自行車，從而改變了他們的生活。故B選項(xiàng)“Life-alteringcycles.(改變一生的自行車。)”概括文章主要內(nèi)容。故選B。CTheuniverseisincrediblyvast.Thediameter(直徑)oftheobservableuniverseisestimatedtobeabout93billionlightyearsacross.Withjustoureyes,wecangenerallyonlyseeafewthousandlightyearsworthofdistancethoughtherearesomeobjectswecanseethataremuchfurtheraway.ThefarthestobjectwecanseewithoureyesisAndromedaGalaxy(仙女座星系)located2.5millionlightyearsaway,andyetitisonlyvisibleifthereislittlelightpollution.Inordertoseefartherintospace,wemustrelyontelescopes.Howfarcanweseeusingthemostpowerfultelescopes?TheHubbleSpaceTelescope(HST)wastherecordholderforthefarthestvisibledistanceinspaceuntilthelaunchoftheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope(JWST)in2021.JWSTisnowthemostpowerfultelescopeeverbuilt,anditisabletoseetheuniverseasitwasonly200millionyearsaftertheBigBang.ThatmeansthatJWSTisabletopiecetogetheranadditional300millionyearsofuniversalhistorycomparedtoHST.JWSTwillbeabletostudysomeofthefirstgalaxiestoformaftertheBigBang.ThefarthestphysicaldistancewecanseeistheCosmicMicrowaveBackgroundRadiation(CMBR).CMBRcanbethoughtofastheecho(回聲)oftheBigBangasitistheleftoverradiationfromthebirthoftheuniverse.TheCMBRitselfisthefarthestpossibledistancehumanscanseeasitrepresentsthemomentthattheuniversebecametransparenttolight.AlthoughlightdidexistbeforeCMBR,gasanddustweresimplytoodenseforlighttocrossspace.CMBRformedonly380,000yearsaftertheBigBang,andsoweareseeingtheuniversepriortotheformationofeventhefirststars.28.WhydoestheauthormentionAndromedaGalaxy?A.B.C.Topresenttheoriginoftheuniverse.D.Tostresstheseverityofspacepollution.E.Toshowthelimitedrangeofhumanvision.F.Toprovehumans'wonderfulviewofspace.29.WhatdoweknowaboutJWST?A.Itwaslaunchedin2022.B.ItismoreadvancedthanHST.C.Itcansee300millionyearsaftertheBigBang.D.Itwasusedtostudytheformationofthefirstgalaxies.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"dense"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Distant. B.Rare.C.Tiny. D.Thick.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowFarCanHumansSeeInSpace? B.HowWillJWSTBeApplied?C.HowWillHumansExploreSpace? D.HowFarCanJWSTSee?【答案】28.C29.B30.D31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。講述了我們用肉眼觀察到的宇宙范圍十分有限，但是在太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡的幫助下可以看到大爆炸后形成的第一批星系?！?8題詳解】目的意圖題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Withjustoureyes,wecangenerallyonlyseeafewthousandlightyearsworthofdistance.(僅憑我們的眼睛，我們通常只能看到幾千光年的距離。)”以及“Inordertoseefartherintospace,wemustrelyontelescopes.Howfarcanweseeusingthemostpowerfultelescopes?(為了看得更遠(yuǎn)的太空，我們必須依靠望遠(yuǎn)鏡。使用最強(qiáng)大的望遠(yuǎn)鏡，我們能看到多遠(yuǎn)?)”可知，作者提到仙女座星系是想表達(dá)肉眼可見范圍十分有限，故選C?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheHubbleSpaceTelescope(HST)wastherecordholderforthefarthestvisibledistanceinspaceuntilthelaunchoftheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope(JWST)in2021.(在2021年詹姆斯·韋伯太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡（JWST）發(fā)射之前，哈勃太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡（HST）一直是太空最遠(yuǎn)可見距離的紀(jì)錄保持者。)”及“ThatmeansthatJWSTisabletopiecetogetheranadditional300millionyearsofuniversalhistorycomparedtoHST.JWSTwillbeabletostudysomeofthefirstgalaxiestoformaftertheBigBang.(這意味著與HST相比，JWST能夠再拼湊3億年的普世歷史。)”可知，JWST(詹姆斯·韋伯太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡)比HST(哈勃太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡)更先進(jìn)可以觀測(cè)到更遠(yuǎn)的范圍，故選B。【30題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“AlthoughlightdidexistbeforeCMBR,gasanddustweresimplytoodenseforlighttocrossspace(雖然光在宇宙微波背景輻射之前就已經(jīng)存在，但氣體和塵埃的密度太大，光無法穿過空間。)”以及結(jié)合光無法穿過空間可知，是因?yàn)闅怏w和塵埃的原因，光無法穿過的可能性是氣體和塵埃密度太大，故選D?！?1題詳解】標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Howfarcanweseeusingthemostpowerfultelescopes?(使用最強(qiáng)大的望遠(yuǎn)鏡，我們能看到多遠(yuǎn))”及各段大意，文章第一段主要講述了肉眼可見最遠(yuǎn)距離，第二段講述了新的詹姆斯·韋伯太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡的優(yōu)勢(shì)，第三段講述了我們能看到的最遠(yuǎn)物理距離?？芍恼轮饕v述了人類可觀測(cè)到的最遠(yuǎn)距離，故選A。DInmanycasualdiscussionoflanguageontheInternet,it’scommontohearabouthow“textspeak(短信語言)”isruininglanguage.Somepeoplearguethattechnologyhasmadeuslazyabouthowwespeakandwrite.Mainstreammediahavecomplainedaboutthewayinwhichpeoplecommunicateusingtechnology.Ofcourse,languagedoeschangewhenit’susedtotextorwritemessagesonline.“Textspeak”isanevolutionoflanguage.It’seventhefocusofthefieldoflinguistics(語言學(xué))calledComputer-MediatedCommunication(CMC).Thisfieldisdevotedtothestudyofinteractionfacilitatedbytechnologylikecomputers,mobilephonesandtablets.Peoplehavebeencomplainingaboutlanguagebeing“ruined”aslongasthey’vebeenwritingandspeaking.Inatalk,linguistJohnMcWhortersharedstoriesofpeoplecomplainingaboutlanguagechangethroughtheages.HesaidinAD63,forexample,aRomanscholarcomplainedthatstudentsofLatinwerewritinginan“artificiallanguage”.Infact,thiswritingwasanewlanguagethatwouldbecomeFrench!Today,peopleareabletocommunicaterapidlyusingawidevarietyoftoolsandtechnologies.Perhapsnolinguisticdevelopmentbetterindicateschangesinthewayswecommunicatethanthepopularemoticon(表情符號(hào)),whichcanproduceveryclearpicturesinourminds.Theemoticon“:)”,forexample,isavisualrepresentationofasmileyfaceturnedsideways.Althoughanemoticonmaylooklikeasmile,afrownoranynumberoffacialexpressions,itdoesn’treallyrepresentaface.Instead,it’sintendedtoexpressafeeling,suchas“I’mhappy”or“justjoking”.Emoticonsthatrepresentthesefeelingsarewhatlinguistscalldiscourseparticles.Thesearelittlepiecesoflanguagethatofferinformationaboutthetoneofthestatementthoughsomeeldersfeelpuzzledaboutit.Farfromruininglanguage,itturnsoutthat“textspeak”enablespeopletocommunicatecomplexfeelingsinasimple,streamlinedmanner.Thiskindofchangeisperfectforthemodern,fast-pacedworld.32.Whathavemainstreammediacomplainedaboutaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Communicationbarriers. B.Themodeofcommunication.C.Technologicalinnovations. D.Thelazinessofmodernpeople.33.Howdoestheauthorsupporttheargumentonlanguageevolution?A.Bygivinganexample. B.Byconductinganexperiment.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Byunderlyingassumptions.34.Whichwordcanbestdescribeemoticons?A.Misty. B.Violent. C.Vivid. D.Mysterious.35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowards“textspeak”?A.Approving. B.Tolerant. C.Unconcerned. D.Unclear.【答案】32.B33.A34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。文章通過對(duì)比人們對(duì)于短信語言的使用的不同態(tài)度，進(jìn)而提出自己的觀點(diǎn)：這種變化非常適合現(xiàn)代快節(jié)奏的世界?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Mainstreammediahavecomplainedaboutthewayinwhichpeoplecommunicateusingtechnology.”（主流媒體抱怨人們使用科技進(jìn)行交流的方式。）可知，主流媒體抱怨的是人們的溝通方式。故選B。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Inatalk,linguistJohnMcWhortersharedstoriesofpeoplecomplainingaboutlanguagechangethroughtheages.HesaidinAD63,forexample,aRomanscholarcomplainedthatstudentsofLatinwerewritinginan“artificiallanguage”.Infact,thiswritingwasanewlanguagethatwouldbecomeFrench!”（在一次談話中，語言學(xué)家約翰·麥克沃特分享了人們抱怨語言隨著時(shí)代變化的故事。他舉例說，在公元63年，一位羅馬學(xué)者抱怨學(xué)生用“人工語言”寫作。事實(shí)上，這種文字是一種新的語言，將成為法語?。┛芍?，此處使用了舉例子的方式證明了語言的進(jìn)化。故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Perhapsnolinguisticdevelopmentbetterindicateschangesinthewayswecommunicatethanthepopularemoticon(表情符號(hào)),whichcanproduceveryclearpicturesinourminds.”（也許沒有哪種語言的發(fā)展能比流行的表情符號(hào)更好地表明我們交流方式的變化，這種表情符號(hào)可以在我們的腦海中形成非常清晰的圖像。）可知，表情符號(hào)是生動(dòng)的。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thiskindofchangeisperfectforthemodern,fast-pacedworld.”（這種變化非常適合現(xiàn)代快節(jié)奏的世界。）可知，作者對(duì)于使用表情符號(hào)等類似的短信語言的態(tài)度是贊同的。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ithappensfromtimetotimethatafterawholemorningofstudying,youaretiredintheafternoon.Itisthenthatyoumaywanttoeatsomethingsweet,perhapsasweetdrinkorachocolatebartoliftyourmood.___36___Butastudysuggeststhatsugarcanmakeyoufeelworseratherthanliftyourmood.TheGermanandUKresearcherscollecteddatafrom31studiesinvolvingnearly1,300adults.___37___Thoseemotionsincludeanger,alertness,depressionandtiredness.Theyfoundthatpeoplewhohavetoomuchsugarbecomemoretiredandlessalertwithinanhour,andthatthesefeelingsbecomemoreintenseovertime.Accordingtoresearchers,whenpeopletakeinsugar,theirbloodsugarlevelsriserapidly,leadingtoaburstofenergyandashort“feelgood”period.However,astheybegintodigestthesugar,theirbloodsugarlevelsdecreasequickly,leadingtoabadfeeling.___38___Aswithcaffeine,thispreventsthebodyfromrelaxing,leavingpeoplebeingtiredandlessalert.___39___AccordingtoWHO,itishealthytohavethesugarsfoundnaturallyinfruit,vegetablesandmilk,solongastheymakeuplessthan5percentofourdailytotalenergyintake.Sothenexttimeyoufeeltiredandcan’tconcentrateonstudyandwork,perhapsyoushouldthinktwicebeforeyoubiteintoachocolatebar.Therearestillotherwaystorelievetiredness.___40___A.Maybealittleexerciseatmiddayisabetteridea.B.Socuttingsweetfoodoutofthedietisagoodchoice.C.Theystudiedtheeffectofsugaronsomeaspectsofmood.D.Afterall,it’sbelievedthata“sugarrush”givesyouenergy.E.Sugarinanyformisnotnecessarilygoodforthehumanbody.F.Buttheresultofthestudydoesn’tmeangivingupsweetfoodaltogether.G.Toremainona“high”,peoplemayeatmoresugaruntiltheybecomeaddictedtoit.【答案】36.D37.C38.G39.F40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了糖在被消化時(shí)會(huì)使人的血糖降低，讓人情緒低落，但適量攝入水果、蔬菜和牛奶中的天然糖分對(duì)人的健康有好處?！?6題詳解】上文“Itisthenthatyoumaywanttoeatsomethingsweet,perhapsasweetdrinkorachocolatebartoliftyourmood.(那時(shí)你可能想要吃一些甜的東西，也許是一杯甜飲料或一塊巧克力來提升你的情緒)”說明你可能會(huì)想要吃甜的東西來提升情緒，D項(xiàng)“畢竟，人們相信“甜蜜沖刺”會(huì)給你能量?！闭f明人們想要吃甜的東西的原因，承接上文，符合題意。故選D?！?7題詳解】上文“TheGermanandUKresearcherscollecteddatafrom31studiesinvolvingnearly1,300adults.(德國和英國的研究人員從包括近1300名成年人的31項(xiàng)研究中收集了數(shù)據(jù))”說明研究人員收集了很多數(shù)據(jù)，以及下文“Thoseemotionsincludeanger,alertness,depressionandtiredness.(這些情緒包括憤怒、警覺、沮喪和疲憊)”說明其中包括一些消極的情緒，C項(xiàng)中They指代上文中的TheGermanandUKresearchers，C項(xiàng)“他們研究了糖對(duì)情緒某些方面的影響。”承上啟下，符合題意。故選C?！?8題詳解】上文“However,astheybegintodigestthesugar,theirbloodsugarlevelsdecreasequickly,leadingtoabadfeeling.(然而，當(dāng)他們開始消化糖時(shí)，他們的血糖水平會(huì)迅速下降，導(dǎo)致一種糟糕的感覺)”說明人們消化糖時(shí)，血糖下降會(huì)導(dǎo)致不好的感覺，G項(xiàng)“為了保持“高”，人們可能會(huì)吃更多的糖，直到上癮?！闭f明人們對(duì)于上文出現(xiàn)的情況采取的應(yīng)對(duì)措施，承接上文，符合題意。故選G。【39題詳解】下文“AccordingtoWHO,itishealthytohavethesugarsfoundnaturallyinfruit,vegetablesandmilk,solongastheymakeuplessthan5percentofourdailytotalenergyintake.(據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織稱，水果、蔬菜和牛奶中的天然糖分是健康的，只要它們占我們每日總能量攝入的比例不到5%)”說明適量攝入天然糖分是健康的，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“但研究結(jié)果并不意味著完全放棄甜食。”建議不要完全放棄甜食，引出下文，符合題意。故選F。【40題詳解】上文“Therearestillotherwaystorelievetiredness.(還有其他緩解疲勞的方法)”說明緩解疲勞還有其他方法，A項(xiàng)“也許中午做點(diǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)是個(gè)好主意?！迸e例說明了緩解疲勞的方法，承接上文，符合題意。故選A。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。In2007,22-year-oldRamesh’speanutfarmlostmoney.AswasoftenthecaseinmostofIndia,Rameshwas___41___pesticides(殺蟲劑)andfertilizersacrosshis2.4hectaresintheAnantapurdistrictofsouthernIndia.Inthisdesert-likearea,whichgetslessthan600millimetersofrainfallmostyears,farmingisa(n)___42___.“Ilostalotofmoneygrowingpeanutsthroughchemicalfarming___43___,”saysRamesh,whoisinterestedinagriculture.Thec