2023屆山東省普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試仿真模擬（一）英語試題 附答案

第頁2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語科模擬試題教師用卷（一）AExhibitionsTheVanishedRealityTheModernArtOxfordGallerycelebratesits50yearsinexistencewithnineartists,includingEuropeanbignamesMarcelBroodthaersandHansHacke,exploringtherelationshipbetweentheproductionofartworkandthesocialconditionsinwhichitiscreated.ModernArtOxford(01865722733),Dec.15-Dec.31

TheTaylorWessingPhotographicPortraitBritain’sleadinginternationalphotographiccompetitionisopentogiftedamateursandprofessionalsfromaroundtheworld,competingforthe￡15,000prize.Fifty-sevenpicturesareonshow.NationalPortraitGallery,LondonWC2(02073060055),Feb.10-Feb.26MastersofJapanesePhotographyTimelessbeautyandurbanbadconditionsarethetwinpolesofpost-SecondWorldWarJapanesephotography.Focusingontheformer,whileallowingspaceforthelatter,thisviewofthreekeyfigures-NobuyoshiAraki,EikohHosoeandKikujiKawada-featuresaround60worksandshowsthetechnicalskillsofJapanesephotographersoverthisperiod.SainsburyCentreforVisualArts,Norwich(01603593199),Mar.8-Mar.19

TheRadicalEyeDrawnfromoneoftheworld’sgreatestphotographiccollections-yes,EltonJohn’s-thisastonishingshowfocusesonthekeyperiodbetweentheTwentiesandFifties,withsomephotosbyManRayandkeyworksbyBrassai,LangeandKertesz.Aphototakesonacompletelydifferentfeelwhenyouexperimentwithexposures,papersandburnishing(拋光)techniqueslikethemasterphotographershere.TateModern,LondonSE1(02078878888),May1-May71．WhatisspecialabouttheTaylorWessingPhotographicPortrait?A．Lastingthelongest. B．Offeringsomemoney.C．Displayingmorephotos. D．Beingaimedatamateurs.2．WhichofthefollowingwillbeonduringtheChristmasholiday?A．TheRadicalEye. B．TheVanishedReality.C．MastersofJapanesePhotography. D．TheTaylorWessingPhotographicPortrait.3．WhereshouldwegototakepartinMastersofJapanesePhotography?A．ModernArtOxford.B．TateModern,LondonSE1.C．NationalPortraitGallery,LondonWC2.D．SainsburyCentreforVisualArts,Norwich.【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一些藝術(shù)展的內(nèi)容、展出時(shí)間、聯(lián)系方式和展出地點(diǎn)等信息。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheTaylorWessingPhotographicPortrait標(biāo)題下的內(nèi)容的第一句話“Britain'sleadinginternationalphotographiccompetitionisopentogiftedamateursandprofessionalsfromaroundtheworld,competingforthe￡15,000prize.(英國領(lǐng)先的國際攝影比賽面向來自世界各地的有天賦的業(yè)余愛好者和專業(yè)人士，他們將爭(zhēng)奪￡15000英鎊獎(jiǎng)金)”可知，這個(gè)TheTaylorWessingPhotographicPortrait的特殊之處在于會(huì)給獲獎(jiǎng)的人提供獎(jiǎng)金。故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheVanishedReality下的“ModernArtOxford(01865722733),Dec.15-Dec.31(牛津現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)展（01865722733），12月15日至31日)”可知，TheVanishedReality在圣誕節(jié)期間展出。故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MastersofJapanesePhotography標(biāo)題下的“SainsburyCentreforVisualArts,Norwich(01603593199),Mar.8-Mar.19(塞恩斯伯里視覺藝術(shù)中心，諾里奇（01603593199），3月8日至3月19日)”可知，如果去參觀MastersofJapanesePhotography的話，地點(diǎn)在SainsburyCentreforVisualArts,Norwich。故選D。BParkguardswhowatchNorthAmerica’shighestmountainsayinexperiencedandoverconfidentclimbersaretakingmorerisksandendangeringthemselvesandotherclimbers.Theguardssuggestmanyclimbersaretryingtomoveupthemountaintoofastafterhavingayearof.DenaliinsouthernAlaskais6,190metersabovesealevel.So,climbingitrequiresahighlevelofskill.Climbersalsoneedtoacclimatetohighaltitudes(海拔),whichisnotneededformostmountainsintheUS.TheNationalParkServicerecentlymadeastatementwarningthatmanyclimbersintheAlaskaRangeareshowingsignsofinexperienceandoverconfidence.Afterreportingnodeathsin2018and2019,atleasttwopeoplehavealreadydiedonthemountainin2021.Twootherswereseriouslyinjured,officialssaid.Earlierthismonth,askierfromthestateofColoradodiedafterfallingintoaverydeepcutintheice.AclimberfromthestateofIdahowaskilledbyalargefallingpieceofice.TheguardsmadetheirstatementafteraCanadianclimberwasseriouslyinjuredafterfallingnearly305meters.Hewasnotwearingclimbingropes.Otherclimbersreportedthefall.Peopleinahelicopter(直升機(jī))studyingmountainiceintheareawereabletosavetheman,parkofficialssaid.TheParkServicestatementnamedseveralreasonsfortheincreaseininjuriesanddeaths.Theyincludeextremetiredness,untestedbodyreactionstohighaltitudes,quicklychangingweather,andnotbringingtherightequipment.Inrecentyears,guardssaidtheyhaveseenmoreclimberstrytomakeDenali’stopbyclimbingthe2,134metersfromthefinalbasecamptothetopinoneday.Thisisnearlyimpossibletodoexceptforthemostexperiencedclimbers.Expertssuggestthatclimberstake17to2ldaystoreachthetopofDenali.Thatincludesrestdaysandextradaystowaitoutbadweather.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“acclimateto”inparagraph2probablymean?A．Getusedto. B．Gettiredof.C．Takecontrolof. D．Lookforwardto.5．Whatisspecialaboutclimbersin2021comparedwiththosein2018and2019?A．Theyarenotsoconfident. B．Theyfacehigheraltitudes.C．Mostofthemarebeginners. D．Deathshavecomeupamongthem.6．WhatmistakedidtheCanadianclimbermake?A．Hedidn’ttrainhimselftoclimb. B．Hedidn’tmakesureofhissafety.C．Hedidn’tstaywithotherclimbers. D．Heknewlittleaboutthemountainice.7．Whatisparagraph6mainlyabout?A．Dangersofhavinglittleclimbingexperience.B．Resultsofclimbingmountainsinahurry.C．Causesoftheclimbingaccidents.D．Rulesofsafemountainclimbing.【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章通過引用負(fù)責(zé)觀察北美最高峰的公園保安的描述：許多經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足、自負(fù)的登山者正在冒更大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，危及他們自己和其他登山者試圖爬上山頂，論述了引起這些受傷和死亡人數(shù)增加的原因。4．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中“DenaliinsouthernAlaskais6,190metersabovesealevel.So,climbingitrequiresahighlevelofskill.”（阿拉斯加南部的德納里峰海拔6190米，所以攀登它需要高超的技巧。）及“whichisnotneededformostmountainsintheUS”（美國大部分山區(qū)都不需要），可知美國大部分的山區(qū)沒有這么高的海拔，對(duì)于攀爬者而言不需要高超的技巧。所以劃線處所在句為攀爬者需要習(xí)慣高海拔，劃線處的意思為“習(xí)慣”，which此處指代前面整個(gè)句子，指攀登者要習(xí)慣攀爬高海拔的山脈。選項(xiàng)A符合題意，故選A。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Afterreportingnodeathsin2018and2019,atleasttwopeoplehavealreadydiedonthemountainin2021.Twootherswereseriouslyinjured,officialssaid.”（在2018年和2019年報(bào)告無人死亡后，2021年至少有兩人死于這座山上。官方稱，另有兩人嚴(yán)重受傷。）可知，相比2018年和2019年的攀登報(bào)告，在2021年的報(bào)告中報(bào)道有攀登者死亡和受傷。選項(xiàng)D與文意相符，故選D。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段中“Hewasnotwearingclimbingropes.”（他沒有佩戴攀巖繩。）可知，加拿大的隊(duì)員并沒有對(duì)自己的安全做好保障。選項(xiàng)B與文意相符，故選B。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第六段中“TheParkServicestatementnamedseveralreasonsfortheincreaseininjuriesanddeaths.”（公園管理局的聲明列舉了傷亡人數(shù)增加的幾個(gè)原因。）可知，本段主要說明公園方對(duì)引起這些受傷和死亡人數(shù)增加的原因的描述。選項(xiàng)C與文意相符，故選C。CItwaslate—anunrecognizedandslowhour.Infrontofmewasalargedog,showinghisjawssohardthathisteethgavealoudsoundwitheachbark.Hiseyeswerelockedonme,desperateforthetoyinmyhand.Buthewasn’tplaying-hewasfeelinguneasy.AsIcautiouslyheldmyground,hisbarkchangedtoashout,thenhegaveashortandfrighteningroar.Thatwaswhenmyuneasegavewaytosomethingfarmoreprimitive:fear.Thiswasnoordinarydog.Dyngo,ten-year-old,hadbeentrainedtopushhissix-stonebodytowardenemies,lockinghisjawsaroundthem.Thisdoghadsavedthousandsoflives.NowhewasinmyflatinWashingtonDC．Just72hoursearlier,IhadtravelledacrossthecountrytogetDyngobackfromLukeAirForceBasenearPhoenix,Arizona,sothathecouldliveouthisremainingyearswithme.Thatfirstnight,May9,2016,afterwe’dsettledintomyhotelroom,Dyngosatonthebedwaitingforme.AsIwasgraduallysleeping,Ifelthisbodymoving,andIsmiled:Dyngoisadogwhodreams.Thenextmorning,whenIcameoutfromthebathroomafterashower,itwaslikesteppingintoahenhousemassacre(屠宰場(chǎng)):feathersfloatedintheair.InthemiddleofthebedwasDyngo,pantingoverapileoftorn-piecespillows.Ontheflighthome,Dyngowasallowedtositatmyfeetinthebroadfirstrow,buthesoonhadboutsofvomiting(嘔吐)inbetweenhisattemptstoteartheblanketI’dbroughthim.ThepilotannouncedDyngo’smilitarystatus,inspiringapplausefromthewholecabin.Whenwereachedmyflat,webothcollapsedfromexhaustion.Itwouldbeourlastbitofsharedpeaceformanymonths.5．WhydidtheauthorsayDyngowasnoordinarydog?A．Becauseitwasalargeandfiercedog.B．Becauseitcouldlivewithanyonepeacefully.C．Becauseitwasonceatrainedmilitarydog.D．BecauseithadsavedthousandsoflivesinWashingtonDC．6．WhatcanweconcludefromParagraph4?A．DreamingisanabnormalbehaviorforDyngo.B．Dyngoenjoystearingthingsuplikeotherdogs.C．Dyngoalwayspreparestowaitforhisownerafterashower.D．PantingoverapillowisDyngo’smostfavoriteactivity.7．Howwastheirflighthomeaccordingtothepassage?A．ItwastiringbutinspiringthatDyngoreceivedpassengers’recognition.B．ItwasdisappointingbecauseeveryonewasfrightenedbyDyngo.C．ItwasannoyedthatDyngofellillonboardunexpectedly.D．Itwaspeacefulandsmoothwithoutanybothers.8．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Anewsreport. B．Aguidebook.C．Aresearchpaper. D．Amagazine.【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是軍犬Dyngo。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thiswasnoordinarydog.Dyngo,ten-year-old,hadbeentrainedtopushhissix-stonebodytowardenemies,lockinghisjawsaroundthem.(這不是一只普通的狗。10歲的Dyngo接受的訓(xùn)練是將他6英石的身體推向敵人，用嘴咬住敵人。)”和最后一段的“ThepilotannouncedDyngo’smilitarystatus,inspiringapplausefromthewholecabin.(飛行員宣布了Dyngo的軍銜，整個(gè)機(jī)艙都為他鼓掌。)”可知，作者說Dyngo不是普通的狗，因?yàn)樗?jīng)是一只訓(xùn)練有素的軍犬。故選C。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Thenextmorning,whenIcameoutfromthebathroomafterashower,itwaslikesteppingintoahenhousemassacre:feathersfloatedintheair.InthemiddleofthebedwasDyngo,pantingoverapileoftorn-piecespillows.(第二天早上，當(dāng)我洗完澡從浴室出來時(shí)，感覺就像走進(jìn)了一場(chǎng)雞舍屠殺：羽毛在空中飄動(dòng)。在床中央的是Dyngo，它氣喘吁吁地躺在一堆破枕頭上。)”可知，Dyngo把枕頭咬壞了，也就是Dyngo和其他狗一樣喜歡撕東西。故選B。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“ThepilotannouncedDyngo’smilitarystatus,inspiringapplausefromthewholecabin.Whenwereachedmyflat,webothcollapsedfromexhaustion.(飛行員宣布了Dyngo的軍銜，整個(gè)機(jī)艙都為他鼓掌。當(dāng)我們到達(dá)我的公寓時(shí)，我們倆都累倒了。)”可知，在他們回家的航班上Dyngo得到乘客們的認(rèn)可，這次航班雖然很累，但也很鼓舞人心。故選A。8．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“Infrontofmewasalargedog,showinghisjawssohardthathisteethgavealoudsoundwitheachbark.Hiseyeswerelockedonme,desperateforthetoyinmyhand.(在我的面前有一條大狗，它的下顎非常用力，每一次吠叫都使牙齒發(fā)出響亮的聲音。它的眼睛盯著我，渴望著我手里的玩具。)”可知，本文主要介紹的是軍犬Dyngo，因此可能是來自于雜志，故選D。DIt’saconnectedworld,andnearlyeverydevice,appliance,andmachinewithsomesortofcomputerrunninginsideitcanbeconnectedtoothersthroughtheInternetofThings(IoT).Whatagreatleapforwardinthisjourneywecallhumancivilization!Butdoesthisrecentadvancementcomewithadarksecretthatcansomedayturnonus?Aresmartdevicesspiesaroundus?Manysmartappliancestoday,particularlysmartphonesandvirtualassistantsareequippedwithvoicecommandcapabilities.Theycan,therefore,listentoandrecordyourcommentsandconversationsevenafterthey’vecarriedoutyouroriginalcommand.Concernsaboutdevicesturningonvoicecommandbythemselvesandlisteningevenwhenyoudonotenablethefeaturehavealsobeenraised.Thequestionthenis:Whatactuallyhappenswhenyoursmartdeviceislistening?Howmuchinformationgetsrecorded,andwheredoesthiseventuallyendupin?Takealisteningappcalled“Alphonso”asanexample.Youcan’tdownloaditdirectlyfromtheAppStore,butitcomeswithsomegamesandappsthatyoucanfix.Whileyouareplayinggamesonyoursmartphone,AlphonsocomestolifeandlistenstowhatyouarewatchingonTV.Itthenrecordsthisinformationandsendsittosomeserversomewhere,andthedataisanalyzedtobuildaprofileaboutyourTV-viewinghabits.Alphonsoprovesthatdevicescanlistentowhatyousayanddo.Alphonsoprovesthatdevicescanlistentowhatyousayanddo.Now,what’stostopdevicesfromgatheringotherdata?Theycanbemadetolookatchatandtextmessagesoryourcalendar,forexample,everythingaboutyouwouldbefairgame.Somepopularsmarthomeplatformscancontroltheplatformstofallsilentbutstillremainactive,capturingeverywordyouspeakthatcanpotentiallylandyouinsomesortofphishing(網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺詐)trouble.Thisseemstobethepricewehavetopayfortheconveniencethattechnologygivesus.Privacyseemsnon-existent.Soweshouldthustakestepstoprotectourselvesfromthiseventuality.9．WhatcanweinferaboutIoTmentionedinparagraph1?A．PeoplerelytoomuchonIoT. B．IoTspiesareexactlyamongus.C．IoTcanbeadouble-edgedsword. D．IoTmerelycomeswithadarksecret.10．Whatisthepotentialriskassociatedwithsmartdevices?A．Voicecommandcapabilities B．Personaldataandidentitytheft.C．Originalcommandrecognition. D．Location-basedtrackingfunction.11．Whydoestheauthortake“Alphonso”asanexample?A．Topresenthowsmartdevicessendads. B．Tointroducetheadvantageofvoicecommands.C．Toshowtheusageofdownloadinglisteningapp. D．Toexplainhowhiddenappstealpeople’sprivacy.12．Wheredosethearticlegonext?A．Waystopreventinformationleakage. B．Reasonsforthelossofpersonaldata.C．Tricksofobtainingsensitiveinformation. D．Methodsofinteractionswithtechnologies.【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了智能設(shè)備在提供方便的同時(shí)，也會(huì)有一些潛在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“It’saconnectedworld,andnearlyeverydevice,appliance,andmachinewithsomesortofcomputerrunninginsideitcanbeconnectedtoothersthroughtheInternetofThings(IoT).Whatagreatleapforwardinthisjourneywecallhumancivilization!Butdoesthisrecentadvancementcomewithadarksecretthatcansomedayturnonus?Aresmartdevicesspiesaroundus?（這是一個(gè)相互聯(lián)系的世界，幾乎所有的設(shè)備，家用電器，以及運(yùn)行著某種計(jì)算機(jī)的機(jī)器，都可以通過物聯(lián)網(wǎng)與其他設(shè)備相互聯(lián)系。在這個(gè)我們稱之為人類文明的旅程中，這是一個(gè)多么大的大躍進(jìn)??！但是最近的進(jìn)步是否伴隨著某天會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向我們的黑暗秘密呢？智能設(shè)備會(huì)在我們周圍監(jiān)視嗎？）”可知，通過物聯(lián)網(wǎng)與其他設(shè)備相互聯(lián)系，是人類文明的進(jìn)步，但進(jìn)步也伴隨著風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，即泄露我們的秘密，所以可推知，IoT是一把雙刃劍。故選C。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Whileyouareplayinggamesonyoursmartphone,AlphonsocomestolifeandlistenstowhatyouarewatchingonTV.Itthenrecordsthisinformationandsendsittosomeserversomewhere,andthedataisanalyzedtobuildaprofileaboutyourTV-viewinghabits.Alphonsoprovesthatdevicescanlistentowhatyousayanddo.（當(dāng)你在智能手機(jī)上玩游戲的時(shí)候，Alphonso會(huì)激活，并且聽到了你在電視上看到的東西。然后記錄下這些信息，發(fā)送到某個(gè)服務(wù)器上，然后分析這些數(shù)據(jù)，建立你看電視習(xí)慣的檔案。Alphonso證明了設(shè)備可以聽到你說的和做的。）”可知，智能設(shè)備會(huì)記錄我們的數(shù)據(jù)，并發(fā)送到某個(gè)服務(wù)器上，從而竊取了我們的信息。選項(xiàng)B與文意相符，故選B。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Whileyouareplayinggamesonyoursmartphone,AlphonsocomestolifeandlistenstowhatyouarewatchingonTV.Itthenrecordsthisinformationandsendsittosomeserversomewhere,andthedataisanalyzedtobuildaprofileaboutyourTV-viewinghabits.Alphonsoprovesthatdevicescanlistentowhatyousayanddo.（當(dāng)你在智能手機(jī)上玩游戲的時(shí)候，Alphonso會(huì)激活，并且聽到了你在電視上看到的東西。然后記錄下這些信息，發(fā)送到某個(gè)服務(wù)器上，然后分析這些數(shù)據(jù)，建立你看電視習(xí)慣的檔案。Alphonso證明了設(shè)備可以聽到你說的和做的。）”推知，通過實(shí)例解釋了智能設(shè)備竊取我們信息的過程，選項(xiàng)D符合題意，故選D。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Soweshouldthustakestepstoprotectourselvesfromthiseventuality.（因此，我們應(yīng)該采取措施，保護(hù)自己免受這種可能性。）”可知，此處提出了要保護(hù)我們免遭危險(xiǎn)的辦法是采取措施，所以接下來的內(nèi)容可能描述一些具體的保護(hù)方法。選項(xiàng)A符合題意，故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TheLanternFestival,atraditionalChinesefestival,iscelebratedonthe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonth.AnditfallsonTuesdaythisyear.___13___Thedayleadstothefirstfullmoonnightoftheyear,andisalsothenightwhentheearthreturnstospring.ItwasalsoaromanticfestivalinancientChina,providinganopportunityforunmarriedmenandwomentomeet.___14___ButduringtheLanternFestival,itisatraditionthatallpeople?includingthoseyoungwomen，comeoutforlanternshows.Peoplehanglanternseverywhere,intheirhouseorinthestreets,whichdepictvariouscharacters,likeflyingbirds,leapingfishes,andshiningfireworks,showinganatmosphereofjoy.___15___.Anotheractivity，guessingtheanswerstolanternriddles，gaveyoungpeopleachancetointeractwitheachotherandknowmoreabouteachother.Forthousandsofyears,therehavebeennumerouslovestoriesoriginatingduringtheLanternFestival.Besideswatchinglanternsandguessingtheanswerstolanternriddles，therearemanyothertraditionsforthefestival.1.Dragonlanterndance___16___Atthefestival,peopleperformdragonlanterndancesandlookforwardtothisyear’sgoodweatherandpeace.2.LionDancesItissimilartothedragonlanterndance，deliveringgoodwishesandgoodluck.3.EatingyuanxiaoEatingyuanxiaoonLanternFestivalisanothertradition.___17___Thestuffingincludesbeanpaste,sugar，hawthornvariouskindsoffruitandsoon.Itcanbeboiled,friedorsteamed

toeat.A．Chinesepeopleregardthedragonasasymbolofgoodluck.B．HereisaguideforyoutospendahappyIinternFestival.C．Yuanxiaoismadeofglutinousrice,eithersolidorstuffed.D．Almostallpeoplewillcomeoutandappreciatethebeautifulscene.E．Asatraditionalfood,YuanXiaoappealstoalotofpeople.F．Inancienttimes,youngwomen,especiallydaughtersofrespectedfamilies,hardlysteppedouttheirhouses.G．ItisacontinuationofcelebratingtheSpringFestival.【分析】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了中國的元宵節(jié)。13．由上句“TheLanternFestival,atraditionalChinesefestival,iscelebratedonthe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonth.AnditfallsonTuesdaythisyear”可知，元宵節(jié)是中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，農(nóng)歷正月十五是元宵節(jié)。今年元宵節(jié)是星期二。所以小題1要承接上文，在時(shí)間上說明它是新年的延續(xù)。故G選項(xiàng)“它是慶祝春節(jié)的延續(xù)”切題。故選G項(xiàng)。14．由下句“ButduringtheLanternFestival,itisatraditionthatallpeopleincludingthoseyoungwomen，comeoutforlanternshows”可知，但是在元宵節(jié)，這是所有人的傳統(tǒng)，包括未出嫁的女子都要出來觀花燈。所以通過“but”可以判讀出，所以小題2要與后一句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故F選項(xiàng)“在古代，年輕的女子，特別是大家閨秀，很少走出家門”切題。故選F項(xiàng)。15．由上句“Peoplehanglanternseverywhere,intheirhouseorinthestreets,whichdepictvariouscharacters,likeflyingbirds,leapingfishes,andshiningfireworks,showinganatmosphereofjoy”可知，人們?cè)诩依锘蚪稚系教帓焐蠠艋\，上面畫著飛鳥、飛魚、焰火等各種各樣的人物，表現(xiàn)出歡樂的氣氛。所以小題3要總結(jié)性地說明幾乎所有的人都會(huì)出來欣賞這美麗的景色以此說明元宵節(jié)的熱鬧場(chǎng)面。故D選項(xiàng)“幾乎所有的人都會(huì)出來欣賞這美麗的景色”切題。故選D項(xiàng)。16．由標(biāo)題“Dragonlanterndance”可知，本段在介紹元宵節(jié)的活動(dòng)之一龍燈舞。所以小題4要說明龍?jiān)谥袊幕械南笳饕饬x。故A選項(xiàng)“中國人把龍視為吉祥的象征”切題。故選A項(xiàng)。17．由下句“Thestuffingincludesbeanpaste,sugar，hawthornandvariouskindsoffruitandsoon”可知，餡料包括豆沙、糖、山楂等各種水果。所以小題5要說明元宵的皮兒是什么制成的和后一句一同說明元宵的組成。故C選項(xiàng)“元宵是用糯米做成的，要么是實(shí)心的，要么是餡的。”切題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AI-basedConservationEffortsWhenanendangeredseabirdhitsapowerline,itmakesasound“verymuchlikethelasersoundfromStarWars,”saysconservation(野生動(dòng)物保護(hù))biologistMarcTravers.Heshould____1____ashisteamfromtheEndangeredSeabirdRecoveryProjectrecordedthousandsofhoursofaudiotodetermineifpowerlinesaffectedlocalseabirds.Traverswastryingtohelpestablishhow____2____birdswerekilledbypowerlinesontheislandofKauaiinHawaiiin2011.Histeamrecorded600hoursofaudioandsenttherecordingstoConservationMetrics,acompanythatassistsconservationeffortswithAIresources.ConservationMetricsusedaprogramto“l(fā)isten”totherecordingsand____3____thesoundsthatsignifiedbirdelectrocutions(觸電身亡).Theresultwas____4____,asthenumberofbirdelectrocutionswasinthethousands.Armedwith____5____thatpowerlineswerekillingasignificantnumberofbirds,theteamworkedwiththelocalutilityservicetoreducebirddeaths.____6____,humanshavebeenpoorguardiansoftheplanet.Humanshavealteredasmuchas97percentoflandecosystems.Keypopulationsof____7____animalshavedroppedasmuchas68percentsince1970.The____8____inbiodiversityaroundtheworldhascreatedadepressingsituation.Conservationefforts____9____keyresourcestheyneedtohaverealimpacts._____10_____,humansnowhaveAI-basedtoolsthatcanhelp.AIcanquicklyandaccurately_____11_____largeamountsofdatacreatedbyobservationsinthefield.ThenotherprogramssuchasPAWS(ProtectionAssistantforWildlifeSecurity)canhelpanalyzethedataandsuggestthemost_____12_____waystofocusconservationefforts.Inlargenationalparksandwildlifereserves,poachers(偷獵者)areadangerforanimalsbothbigandsmall.Someanimalsareworthalotofmoneyontheblackmarket.Parkguardsareleftwithanimpossibletaskbecausethereistoomuchlandto_____13_____.ButthePAWSprogramallowsguardstofocustheirefforts.PAWShasevenpredictedthe_____14_____oftrapsinareasnotyetpatrolled(巡邏)byrangers!Westillfacemanychallengesto_____15_____thelossofwildlife,butAI-poweredprogramspromisetobeapowerfulconservationtool.1．A．a(chǎn)ssume B．know C．hope D．lead2．A．frequently B．directly C．violently D．rarely3．A．imitate B．locate C．count D．present4．A．puzzling B．demanding C．disturbing D．uplifting5．A．justice B．proof C．image D．wisdom6．A．Intheory B．Bydefinition C．Onthecontrary D．Bymanymeasures7．A．monitored B．enclosed C．requested D．overlooked8．A．decline B．expansion C．climb D．quality9．A．supply B．renew C．lack D．invent10．A．Obviously B．Fortunately C．Interestingly D．Initially11．A．giveaway B．sortthrough C．getover D．makeup12．A．exclusive B．delicate C．effective D．special13．A．convey B．mark C．cover D．hide14．A．emergence B．movement C．evolution D．existence15．A．recover B．reverse C．remove D．reveal【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了人工智能有望在野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮重要作用。1．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他應(yīng)該知道，因?yàn)樗膱F(tuán)隊(duì)來自瀕危海鳥恢復(fù)項(xiàng)目，錄制了數(shù)千小時(shí)的音頻，以確定電線是否影響了當(dāng)?shù)氐暮ｘB。A.assume假定，假設(shè)；B.know知道；C.hope希望；D.lead引領(lǐng)，帶路。根據(jù)句中“ashisteamfromtheEndangeredSeabirdRecoveryProjectrecordedthousandsofhoursofaudiotodetermineifpowerlinesaffectedlocalseabirds”可知，Travers的團(tuán)隊(duì)記錄了數(shù)千小時(shí)的音頻，所以他知道海鳥撞到電線時(shí)發(fā)出的聲音。故選B項(xiàng)。2．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：特拉弗斯試圖幫助確定2011年在夏威夷考艾島鳥類被電線殺死的頻率。A.frequently經(jīng)常地，頻繁地；B.directly直接地；C.violently猛烈地；D.rarely罕有。根據(jù)第二段“Theresultwas4,asthenumberofbirdelectrocutionswasinthethousands.”可知，Travers的研究要統(tǒng)計(jì)被電死的鳥類的數(shù)量，即確定鳥類被電線殺死的頻率。故選A項(xiàng)。3．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：ConservationMetrics使用了一個(gè)程序來聽錄音，并計(jì)算鳥類被電死的聲音次數(shù)。A.imitate模仿，仿效；B.locate確定……的位置；C.count計(jì)數(shù)，點(diǎn)數(shù)目；D.present頒發(fā)，贈(zèng)送。根據(jù)下文“Theresultwas4,asthenumberofbirdelectrocutionswasinthethousands.”可推知，這個(gè)程序要統(tǒng)計(jì)鳥類被電死的聲音的次數(shù)。故選C項(xiàng)。4．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：結(jié)果是令人不安的，因?yàn)楸浑娝赖镍B類數(shù)量達(dá)到了數(shù)千只。A.puzzling令人迷惑的；B.demanding苛刻的，難以滿足的；C.disturbing令人不安的，引起恐慌的；D.uplifting令人振奮的。根據(jù)句中“thenumberofbirdelectrocutionswasinthethousands”可知，被電死的鳥類數(shù)量達(dá)到了數(shù)千只，這是非常令人不安的數(shù)據(jù)。故選C項(xiàng)。5．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有了電線正在殺死大量鳥類的證據(jù)，該小組與當(dāng)?shù)毓檬聵I(yè)部門合作，以減少鳥類的死亡。A.justice公平，正義；B.proof證明，證據(jù)；C.image形象，印象；D.wisdom智慧，才智。根據(jù)上文“Theresultwas4,asthenumberofbirdelectrocutionswasinthethousands.”可知，電線正殺死大量鳥類是有科學(xué)證據(jù)支持的。故選B項(xiàng)。6．考查介詞短語辨析。句意：從許多方面來看，人類一直都是這個(gè)星球的糟糕守護(hù)者。A.Intheory理論上；B.Bydefinition按照定義；C.Onthecontrary正相反；D.Bymanymeasures從許多方面來看。結(jié)合常識(shí)和下文“Humanshavealteredasmuchas97percentoflandecosystems.”可推知，人類是糟糕的守護(hù)者，在從許多方面來看，都表現(xiàn)得很差。故選D項(xiàng)。7．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：自1970年以來，受監(jiān)測(cè)的主要?jiǎng)游飻?shù)量下降了68%。A.monitored監(jiān)測(cè)；B.enclosed包圍；C.requested請(qǐng)求，要求；D.overlooked忽視，忽略。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)和句中“havedroppedasmuchas68percentsince1970”可推知，受監(jiān)測(cè)的動(dòng)物才會(huì)有準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)據(jù)。故選A項(xiàng)。8．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：世界各地生物多樣性的減少造成了一種令人沮喪的局面。A.decline下降，衰退；B.expansion擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)張；C.climb攀登，攀爬；D.quality質(zhì)量，品質(zhì)。根據(jù)句中“createdadepressingsituation”可知，生物多樣性的減少造成令人沮喪的局面。故選A項(xiàng)。9．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：保護(hù)工作缺乏產(chǎn)生實(shí)際影響所需的關(guān)鍵資源。A.supply供應(yīng)，提供；B.renew重新開始；C.lack缺乏；D.invent發(fā)明，創(chuàng)造。結(jié)合上文“adepressingsituation”和下文“tohaverealimpacts”可推知，保護(hù)工作缺乏產(chǎn)生實(shí)際影響所需的關(guān)鍵資源，情況不容樂觀。故選C項(xiàng)。10．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，人類現(xiàn)在有基于人工智能的工具可以提供幫助。A.Obviously明顯地；B.Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；C.Interestingly有趣地；D.Initially開始，最初。上文說保護(hù)工作情況不容樂觀，結(jié)合句中“humansnowhaveAI-basedtoolsthatcanhelp”可知，人工智能工具能提供幫助，這是幸運(yùn)地。故選B項(xiàng)。11．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：人工智能可以快速、準(zhǔn)確地對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀察產(chǎn)生的大量數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分類。A.giveaway贈(zèng)送；B.sortthrough分類，整理；C.getover克服；D.makeup組成。結(jié)合常識(shí)和句中“l(fā)argeamountsofdata”可推知，人工智能可以快速、準(zhǔn)確地分類和整理數(shù)據(jù)。故選B項(xiàng)。12．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，其他程序，如PAWS(野生動(dòng)物安全保護(hù)助理)可以幫助分析數(shù)據(jù)，并提出最有效的方法來集中保護(hù)工作。A.exclusive專用的；B.delicate柔和的；C.effective有效的；D.special特殊的。根據(jù)“suggest”和“waystofocusconservationefforts”可推知，像PAWS之類的程序在分析數(shù)據(jù)后，能提出最有效的方法。故選C項(xiàng)。13．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：公園警衛(wèi)面臨著一項(xiàng)不可能完成的任務(wù)，因?yàn)橛刑嗟耐恋匦枰策墶.convey傳送，運(yùn)輸；B.mark做記號(hào)，做標(biāo)記；C.cover覆蓋，行走；D.hide隱藏。根據(jù)上文“animpossibletaskbecausethereistoomuchland”可知，對(duì)于公園警衛(wèi)來說，有太多的土地需要巡邏，是不可能的任務(wù)，動(dòng)詞cover意為“行走(一段路程)”，本題中可理解為“巡邏”。故選C項(xiàng)。14．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：PAWS甚至預(yù)測(cè)出在一些還沒有巡邏的地區(qū)存在的捕捉動(dòng)物的陷阱。A.emergence出現(xiàn)，顯現(xiàn)；B.movement移動(dòng)，轉(zhuǎn)移；C.evolution進(jìn)化，演變；D.existence存在，實(shí)有。結(jié)合上文“Inlargenationalparksandwildlifereserves,poachers(偷獵者)areadangerforanimalsbothbigandsmall”可知，偷獵者會(huì)鋪設(shè)捕捉動(dòng)物的陷阱，而PAWS可以作出預(yù)測(cè)。故選D項(xiàng)。15．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：要徹底改變野生動(dòng)物減少的現(xiàn)狀，我們?nèi)匀幻媾R許多挑戰(zhàn)，但人工智能程序有望成為一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的保護(hù)工具。A.recover恢復(fù)，康復(fù)；B.reverse徹底改變（決定、政策、趨勢(shì)等）；C.remove移開，拿開；D.reveal揭示，透露。根據(jù)句中“facemanychallenges”和“thelossofwildlife”可知，要徹底改變野生動(dòng)物減少的現(xiàn)狀仍面臨巨大挑戰(zhàn)。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).___1___