2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語課時(shí)分層作業(yè)15Unit5Adelicateworld含解析外研版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

PAGE1-課時(shí)分層作業(yè)(十五)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AWithonlyabout1,000pandasleftintheworld,Chinaisdesperatelytryingtoclone(克隆)theanimalandsavetheendangeredspecies(物種)．That'ssimilartowhatTexasA&MUniversityresearchershavebeenundertaking(負(fù)責(zé))forthepastfiveyearsinaprojectcalled“Noah'sArk”．Noah'sArkisaimedatcollectingeggs,embryos(胚胎),semenandDNAofendangeredanimalsandstoringtheminliquidnitrogen(氮)．Ifcertainspeciesshouldbecomeextinct,Dr.DuaneKraemer,aprofessorinTexasA&M'SCollegeofVeterinaryMedicineItisestimatedthatasmanyas2,000speciesofmammals,birdsandreptileswillbecomeextinctinover100years.Thepanda,nativeonlytoChina,isindangerofbecomingextinctinthenext25years.ChinesescientistssaidtheygrewanembryointroducingcellsfromadeadfemalepandaintotheeggcellsofaJapanesewhiterabbit.Theyarenowtryingtoimplanttheembryointoahostanimal.Theentireprocedure(過程)couldtakefromthreetofiveyearstocomplete.“Thenucleartransfer(核子移植)ofonespeciestoanotherisnoteasy,andthelackofavailable(capableofbeingused)pandaeggscouldbeamajorproblem，”Kraemerbelieves.“Theywillprobablyhavetodoseveralhundredtransferstoresultinonepregnancy(havingababy)．Ittakesalongtimeandit'sdifficult,butthiscouldbegroundbreakingscienceifitworks.Theyarecertainlynotputtinganylivepandasatrisk,soitisworththeeffort，”addsKraemer,whoisoneoftheleadersoftheProjectatTexasA&M,thefirst-everattemptatcloningadog.“Theyaretryingtodosomethingthat'sneverbeendone,andthisisverysimilartoourworkinNoah'sArk.We'rebothtryingtosaveanimalsthatfaceextinction.Icertainlyappreciatetheireffortandthere'salotwecanlearnfromwhattheyareattemptingtodo.It'saresearchthatisverymuchneeded.”【語篇解讀】本文介紹了科學(xué)家們正在運(yùn)用克隆技術(shù)挽救如中國(guó)的大熊貓這種即將絕種的動(dòng)物。1．Theaimof“Noah'sArk”projectisto________．A．makeefforttoclonetheendangeredpandasB．saveendangeredanimalsfromdyingoutC．collectDNAofendangeredanimalstostudyD．transferthenuclearofoneanimaltoanotherB[推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第一段中所說“savetheendangeredspecies(物種)”及其次句的“That'ssimilartowhatTexasA&MUniversity”可推知此題答案為B。]2．AccordingtoProfessorKraemer,themajorproblemincloningpandaswouldbethelackof________．A．a(chǎn)vailablepandaeggsB．hostanimalsC．qualifiedresearchersD．enoughmoneyA[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第六段中Kraemer所說的話可推知此題答案為A。]3．Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe________．A．China'sSuccessinPandasCloningB．TheFirstClonedPandaintheWorldC．ExploringthePossibilitytoClonePandasD．China—theNativePlaceofPandasForeverC[主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章第一段及全文內(nèi)容可歸納出此題答案為C。]4．Fromthepassageweknowthat________．A．KraemerandhisteamhavesucceededincloningacatB．scientiststrytoimplantapanda'seggintoatigerC．KraemerwillworkwithChinesescientistsincloneresearchesD．a(chǎn)bouttwothousandofspecieswillprobablydieoutinaboutacenturyD[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段第一句可推知此題答案為D。]BWeallknowthatwateristasteless.Butithappensfromtimetotime:youpickupthebottleofwateryoudidn'tfinishyesterday,andittastesstrange.Mostoften,youtendtodropthebottleinthetrashbin,believingthatthewaterhasgonebad.Butisittrue?AccordingtoTime,ofcoursenot,tastehaslittletodowithqualityofwater.AccordingtoTime,whenwaterisexposedtotheairfor12hours,carbondioxideinteractswiththeH2Ointhewater,andthePHvaluelowersslightly.Asaresult,thewaterhasadifferenttaste.“Butit'smostlikelysafetodrink，”NorwegianexpertTrulsKroghtoldScienceNordic.“Ifthewateriscoveredandofgoodqualitytostartwith,inprincipleitcanlastathousandyears.That'sbecausewhenwaterisfresh,itcontainslittleorganicmatter.Aslongaswaterisheldincleanglassesorbottles,nopollutantswillenterittoharmourhealth.”PeopleincountriesliketheUS,theUKandAustraliausuallydrinktapwater.AccordingtoTime,iftapwaterisdrunkwithinsixmonths,thechlorine(氯氣)inthewaterwillbeenoughtokillanybacteriaandkeepitsafetodrink.However,therearealsosomeexceptions.Ifyouaccidentallyputyourfingersintowaterorstorewaterinuncleancontainersdayafterday,microorganism(微生物)willenterthewater.Withthehelpofsurroundingtemperature,andsunlightstreamingthroughwindows,thesemicroorganismsmultiplyquickly.Soonerorlater,thewaterwillbeinthechargeoftheunfriendlybacteria.Andifyoudrinkthewatertoooften,thenyou'remorelikelytobeill.Andwhataboutwaterinplasticbottles?Heatandplasticareabadcombination,USresearcherKelloggSchwabstresses.Whenplasticbottlesareusedathightemperatures,theyproduceachemicalcalledBPA.BPAissomethingthataffectshormones(荷爾蒙)andresearchhastentativelylinkeditto“severalhealthdamage,includingheartdiseaseandcancer”，Timereported.Schwabsuggestsreplacingdisposable(一次性的)plasticbottleswiththerefillablecontainersmadeofmetalorglasstodealwithBPA.【語篇解讀】本文就喝剩下的水是否會(huì)變壞進(jìn)行了探討。探討表明沒喝完的水雖然味道有點(diǎn)怪，但只要水質(zhì)是好的，保存恰當(dāng)不被細(xì)菌污染，是不會(huì)變壞的。但專家建議不要用塑料杯而要用金屬或玻璃制品裝熱水。5．Thepurposeofthefirstparagraphisto________．A．showanexampleB．drawaconclusionC．a(chǎn)nalyzeaphenomenonD．introduceatopicD[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，本段講解并描述昨天沒有喝完的水味道有點(diǎn)怪，有人會(huì)把它扔掉，是因?yàn)檎J(rèn)為水壞了，這是真的嗎？結(jié)合下文的內(nèi)容可知，寫第一段的目的就是引出下文的一個(gè)話題。故D項(xiàng)符合題意。]6．WhichofthefollowingmayTrulsKroghagree?A．Ifthewatertastesdifferent,weshouldn'tdrinkit.B．Thewaterheldinacleancontainerislikelysafetodrink.C．Althoughkeptfresh,watermaystillhavemuchorganicmatter.D．Coveredwatercanlastforathousandyears.B[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段TrulsKrogh的話“Butit'smostlikelysafetodrink，”NorwegianexpertTrulsKroghtoldScienceNordic.“Ifthewateriscoveredandofgoodqualitytostartwith,inprincipleitcanlastathousandyears.That'sbecausewhenwaterisfresh,itcontainslittleorganicmatter.Aslongaswaterisheldincleanglassesorbottles,nopollutantswillenterittoharmourhealth.”可知，只要水質(zhì)好，保存在干凈的容器內(nèi)，就不會(huì)有污染物，都是平安可飲用的。分析選項(xiàng)可知B項(xiàng)符合題意，故選B。]7．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．BPAdoeslittleharmtoourhealth.B．Tapwaterisalwayssafetodrink.C．Microorganismsareeasytoproduceintheheat.D．Disposableplasticbottleshavebeenbannedalready.C[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段—第七段的內(nèi)容可知，只要水質(zhì)好，保存在干凈的容器內(nèi)，就不會(huì)有污染物，都是平安可飲用的。但是一旦不當(dāng)心弄臟了，可能會(huì)將微生物帶入水里，在四周溫度和陽光透過窗戶的幫助下，這些微生物快速繁殖。水遲早將會(huì)被細(xì)菌破壞。由此可推斷出，微生物簡(jiǎn)單在高溫下產(chǎn)生。分析選項(xiàng)可知C項(xiàng)(微生物在高溫下簡(jiǎn)單產(chǎn)生)符合題意，故選C。]8．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．WhyWaterisTastelessB．HowtoGetCleanWaterC．DoesWaterReallyGoBad?D．LearntoProtectWaterC[主旨大意題。本文的主旨在第一段，即在第一段講解并描述昨天沒有喝完的水雖然味道有點(diǎn)怪，水質(zhì)真的壞了嗎？結(jié)論是味道會(huì)變，味道當(dāng)然與水的質(zhì)量沒有多大關(guān)系。接著對(duì)這個(gè)問題“Butisittrue？”進(jìn)行了大量的調(diào)查探討，證明只要水質(zhì)好，保存在干凈的容器內(nèi)，不被污染都是平安可飲用的。由此可推斷出C項(xiàng)(水真的會(huì)壞嗎)符合題意，故選C。]Ⅱ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Mymomonlyhadoneeye.Ihatedher.Shewassuchanembarrassment(讓人尷尬的人或事)．Sheranasmallshopataflea(跳蚤)marketandcollectedoldclothesandsomeotherthingstosellforthemoneyweneeded.Onceduringelementaryschool,itwasfieldday,andmymomcame.Iwassoembarrassedandwonderedhowshecoulddothistome.Ithrewherahatefullookandranout.Thenextdayatschool,myschoolmatesaskedme,“Yourmomonlyhasoneeye？”andlaughedatme.Iwassoangrywithmymomandwishedthatshewouldjustdisappearfromthisworld.SoIsaidtomymom,“Whydon'tyouhavetheothereye?Youonlymakemeajoke！”Mymomtrembled(顫抖)withshock,andsaidinanapologetic(歉意的)tone,“I'msosorrythatIonlyhaveoneeye,andIwasanembarrassmentforyou.ButIwassoproudofmysontoseeawholenewworldformewiththateye.Iwillleaverightnow.Sorry！”Mymomturnedaroundandslippedaway.ForthewordsIhadsaidtoherearlier,therewassomethingbitingatmeinthecornerofmyheart.Evenso,Ihatedmyone-eyedmomandourdesperatepoverty.Maybebecausemymomhadn'tpunishedme,Ididn'tthinkIhadhurtherfeelingsverybadly.ItoldmyselfthatIwouldbecomesuccessfulinthenearfuture,soIstudiedveryhard.LaterIgotacceptedbytheSeoulUniversity.IleftmymotherandcametoSeoultostudy.Ineverwentbacktovisitmymom.ThenIgotmarriedthere.Iboughtahouseofmyown.ThenIhadkids,too.NowIamlivinghappilyasasuccessfulman.IenjoythelifeinSeoulbecauseit'saplacethatdoesn'tremindmeofmymomandmypast.Thiskindofhappinesswasgettingbiggerandbigger,untilonedaysomeoneknockedatmydoor.Paragraph1:Itwasmymom!Andstillwithheroneeye！______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Holdingtheletter,Icriedforthepersonwhoonlylivedforme._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參