英語六級長篇閱讀真題5

英語六級長篇閱讀真題-5

因考試政策、內(nèi)容不斷變化與調(diào)整，下面給大家整理的六

級閱讀理解真題供參考，以下是WTT給大家整理的英語六級長

篇閱讀真題-5,希望可以幫到大家

Datasharing：anopenmindonopendate

[A]Itisamovementbuildingsteadymomentum：a

calltomakeresearchdata,softwarecodeand

experimentalmethodspubliclyavailableand

transparent,aspiritofopennessisgaining

acceptanceinthesciencemunity,andistheonlyway,

sayadvocates,toaddressa*crisis*inciencewhereby

toofewfindingsaresuccessfullyreproduced,

furthermore,theysay,itisthebestwayfor

researcherstogathertherangeofobservationsthat

arenecessarytospeedupdiscoveriesortoidentify

large-scaletrends.

[B]theopen-datashiftposesaconfusingproblem

forjuniorresearchers,ontheonehand,thedriveto

shareisgatheringofficialsteam,since2022,global

scientificbodieshavebeguntobackpoliticsthat

supportincreasedpublicaccesstoreseach,onthe

otherhand,scientistsdisagreeabouthowmuchandwhen

theyshouldsharedate,andtheydebatewhethersharing

itismorelikelytoacceleratescienceandmakeit

morerobust,ortointroducevulnerabilitiesand

problems,asmorejournalsandmakeitmorerobust,or

tointroducevulnerabilitiesandproblems,asmore

journalandfundersadoptdata-sharingrequirements,

andasagrowingnumberofenthusiastscallformore

openness,juniorresearchersmustfindtheirplace

betweenadoptersandthosewhocontinuetoholdout,

evenastheystrivetolaunchtheirowncareers.

[C]onekeychallengefacingyoungscientistsis

howtobeopenwithoutbeingscientificallyvulnerable,

theymustdeterminetheriskofjeopardizingajob

offeroracollaborationprosalfromthosewhoare

waryof-orunfamiliarwith-openscience.andthey

mustlearnHowtocapitalizeonthemovement's

benefitssuchasopportunitiesformorecitationsand

awaytobuildareputationwithouttheneedfor

conventionalmetrics,suchaspublicationinhigh-

impactjournals.

[D]somefieldshaveembracedopendatamorethan

others,researchersinpsychology,afieldrockedby

findingsofirreproducibilityinthepastfewyears,

havebeenespeciallyvocalsup-portersofthedrive

formore-openscience.Afewpsychologyjournalshave

createdincentivestoincreaseinterestinreparopen

science*afewpsychologyjournalshavecreated

incentivesportersofthedriveformeluciblescience

-forexle,byaffixingana,badgetoarticlesthat

clearlystatewheredataareavailable,accordingto

socialpsychologistbriannoseexecutivedirectorof

thecenterforopenscience,theaveragedata-sharing

rateforthejournalPsychologicalscience,whichuses

thebadges,increasedtenfoldto38%from2022to2022.

[E]funders,too,areincreasinglyadoptingan

open-datapolicy.severalstronglyergement,andsome

require,adate-managementplanthatmakesdata

available.Theusnationalsciencefoundationisamong

these,somephilanthropic（慈善的）funders,including

thebillGatesfoundationinseattie,Washington,and

thewelletrustinlondon,alopendatafromtheir

grantrecipients.

[F]butmanyyoungresearchers,especiallythose

whohavenotbeenmentoredinopenscience.are

uncertainaboutwhethertoshareortostay

private.Graduatestudentsandpostdoes,whooftenare

workingontheirlabhead'sgrantmayhavenochoice

iftheirsupervisororanothersenioropposessharing*

[G]somefearthatthepotentialimpactofsharing

istoohigh,especiallyattheearlystagesofa

career.wEverybodyhasascarystoryaboutsomeone

gettingscooped（被搶先），"saysnewYorkuniversity

astronomerdavidhogg.thosefearsmaybeafactorin

alingeringhesitationtosharedataevenwhen

publishinginjournalsthatmandateit.

[H]researchersatsmalllabsoratinstitutions

focusedonteachingarguablyhavethemosttolose

whensharinghard-wondata.withmyinstitution

andteachingload,idon*thavepostdocsandgrad

students”,saysterrymcglynn,atropicalbiologist

atCaliforniastateuniversity,Dominguezhills."the

stakesarehighertosharedatabecauseit'sabigger

fractionofhatshappeninginmylab.

[I]researchersalsopointtothetimesinkthat

isinvolvedinpreparingdataforotherstoview.Once

thedataandassociatedmaterialsappearina

repository（存儲庫）,answeringquestionsandhandling

plaintscantakemanyhours.

[J]thetimeinvestmentcanpresentotherproblems4

insomecases,saysdatascientistkarthikRam,itmay

bedifficultforjuniorresearcherstoembrace

opennesswhenseniorcolleaguesmanyofwhomhead

selectionandpromotionteeshtridiculewhattheymay

viewasmisplacedenergies,"i'veheardthisrecently

-thatembracingtheideaofopendatadcodemakes

traditionalacademicsunfortable,“saysram."the

concernseemstobethatopenadvocatesdon'tspend

theirtimebeingasproductiveaspossible.”

[K]anopen-sciencestancecanalsoaddplexityto

acollaboration,kateratliff,whostudiessocial

attitudesattheuniversityofflorida,gainesville,

saysthatitcanseemasiftherearetwocsina

field-thosewhocareaboutopenscienceandthosewho

don*t."thereanewareatonavigate-1areyoucool

withthefactthati'llwanttomakethedataopen?’-

whentalkingwithsomebodyaboutaninteresting

researchidea,“shesays,

[L]despiteplicationsandconcerns,theupsides

ofsharingcanbesignificant,forexle,when

informationisuploadedtoarepository,adigital

objectidentifier(DOI)isassigned.

ScientistscanuseaDOTtopublisheachstepof

theresearchlifecycle,notjustthefinalpaper.In

sodoing,theycanpotentiallygetthreecitations-

oneeachforthedataandsoftware,inadditiontothe

paperitself,andalthoughsomesaythatcitationsfor

softwareordatahavelittlecurrencyinacademia,they

canhaveotherbenefits.

[M]manyadvocatesthinkthattransparentdata

procedureswithadateandtimestwillprotect

scientistsfrombeingscooped,“thisisthesweet

spotbetweensharingandgettingcreditforit.while

discouragingplagiarism（剽竊），"saysivogrigorov,a

projectcoordinatoratthenaionalinstituteof

aquaticresot

Researchsecreta-incharlottenlund,denmark.

hoggsaysthatscoopingislessofaproblemthanmany

think,“thetwocasesi'mfamiliarwithdidn't

involveopendataorcode,“hesays.

[N]Opensciencealsooffersjuniorresearchers

thechancetolevelthepalyingfieldbygaining

betteraccesstocrucialdate,rossmounce,apostdoc

studyingevolutionarybiologyattheuniversityof

cambrige,UK,isavocalchionofopenscience,partly

becausehisfossilothers*data,hesaysthatmore

opennessinsciencecouldhelptodiscouragewhatsome

perceiveasamompracticeofshuttingoutearly-

careerscientists1requestsfordata.

[0]municationalsohelpsforthosewhoworry

aboutjeopardizingacollaboration,hesays,Concerns

aboutopenshouldbediscussedattheoutsetofa

study,“wheneveryoustartaprojectwithsomeone,

youhavetoestablishaclearunderstandingof

expectationsforwhoownsthedata,atwhatpointthey

gopublicandwhocandowhatwiththem,hesays.

[p]intheend,sharingdata,softwareand

materialswithcolleaguescanhelpanearly-career

researchertogainrecognition-acrucialponentof

success,“thethingyouaresearchingfor

reputation“saystitusbrown,agenomics（基因組學(xué)）

researcherattheuniversityofCalifornia,davis,.”to

getgrantsandjobsyouhavetoberelevantand

achievesomelevelofpublicrecognition,anythingyou

dothatadvancesyourpresence-especiallyinalarger

phere,outsidethemunitiesyouknow-isawin.&；

36.astronomerdavidhoggdoesn'tthinkscooping

isasseriousaproblemasgenerallythought.

37.someresearchersarehesitanttomaketheir

datapu