2025屆八省聯(lián)考 新高考適應(yīng)性聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

第1頁(yè)/共1頁(yè)參照機(jī)密級(jí)管理★啟用前2025年高考綜合改革適應(yīng)性演練英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhatwillLukedonext?A.Cookameal. B.Gototheoffice. C.Handinareport.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Thanksforthewonderfulmeal,mom.IthinkIbettergobacktomyoffice.I’vegotareporttowrite.W:Ok.ByeLuke.Drivewithcare.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Twofellowworkers. B.Theman’sjob. C.Amarketingproject.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:JillandPattyareveryclose.Theyseemtogetonverywellwitheachother.M:Yes,theyenteredourcompanythesameyearandarenowworkingonthesamemarketingproject.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】HowwillthewomangotoMelbourne?A.Bycar. B.Bytrain. C.Byair.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Bob,I’mgoingtoMelbournewithLisatomorrow.M:Great,areyougoingbytrain?Icandriveyoutothestation.W:Nothanks.Wedecidedtofly.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Atastore. B.Athome. C.Atacinema.【答案】B【解析】原文】W:YouaskedStellatocomearound6:30,didn’tyou?M:No,Iaskedhertocomeoveratseventogiveyoumoretimetopreparethefood.W:Okay,it’s10toseven.She’llbehereanyminute.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanplantodo?A.Setupafamily. B.Joinanewcompany. C.Openarestaurant.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Susan,it’ssogoodtoseeyouagain.Didyoucomebacktovisityourfamily?W:Yesandno,infact,I’vequitmyjob.I’mplanningtostayandstartmyownrestaurantbusinesshere.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whoisthepackagefrom?A.Betty. B.Mary. C.Jason.7.Wherewillthespeakersplacethegiftjustreceived?A.Inthekitchen. B.Inthebedroom. C.Inthelivingroom.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Here’sthepackage.W:Iwonderwhatthisis.M:Whoisitfrom?UncleJason?AuntMary?W:LetmeseeIt’sfromgrannyBetty.M:Oh,she’salwayssogenerous.Rememberthetablelampshesentuslastyear?Andthedinnerplates?W:Look,Steve,thisisjustwhatwe‘vebeenwanting.Abeautifulvase,M:Fantastic.W:It’llbeperfectonthecoffeetableinthelivingroom.M:Yes,perfect.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Givingalecture. B.Hostingaprogram. C.Chairingameeting.9.WhatmadeRobertwanttobecomeanastronomer?A.Hisparents’encouragement.B.Hisexperiencesinbigcities.C.Hiscuriosityaboutthestars.10.WhydoesRobertputforwardthesuggestion?A.Toreducelightpollution. B.Tokeepthegroundclean. C.Tocutenergyconsumption.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【解析】【原文】W:Dearlisteners,Ihavewithmetoday,Robertgentsoftheinternationaldarkskyassociation.Robert,welcometoourprogram.M:Thankyou.I’mgladtobehere.W:Wouldyoupleasetellourlistenerswhyyoubecameanastronomer?M:WhenIwasalittleboy,Ilovedthenightsky.IrememberIlookedupatthestarsintheskyandaskedhowmanyarethere.Howfarawayarethey?Canwevisitthem?IbecameanastronomerbecauseIwasamazedbytheirbeauty.Butnow,inmostbigcities,kidscan’tseethestarslikeIdid.W:So,haveyoualreadycomeupwithasolutiontothisproblem?M:Yeah,actuallythereisamethodthatisinexpensiveandhasimmediatebenefits.Ifweshinelightsdownatthegroundinsteadofupintotheskyanduselowerbrightnesslevels,wecanpreservethebeautyofthenightsky.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.WhoinfluencedElenagreatlyinhercareerchoice?A.Herbrother. B.Herfather. C.Herteacher.12.WhydidElenaquitherfirstjob?A.Shefounditboring. B.Shewaspoorlypaid. C.Shefeltstressed.13.WhatdifficultydidElenafaceasanassistantcoach?A.Balancingstudyandtraining.B.Writingtechnicalinstructions.C.Handlingdoubtsoverherability.14.WhatdoesElenaplantodonext?A.Startatrainingprogram. B.WorkwithateaminEngland.C.Lookforpromisingsoccerplayers.【答案】11.B12.A13.C14.B【解析】【原文】M:Elena,whohadagreatinfluenceonyourcareer.W:Iwouldsayit’smyfather.HebegantorunsoccerschoolswhenIwasateenager,soIplayedsoccerwithmybrotherandhisfriends.Butherlifeinthegamewasnotmyplan.Soaftergraduation,Itookajobwritingtechnicalinstructions.Itwasmyfirstjob.M:Whatwasthatlike?W:Itpaidwellbutwasnotveryinteresting,sowhenofferedacoachingrole,Iseizedit.M:Didyouhavetoovercomeanychallengestogetwhereyouaretoday?W:Well,wheretostart?Ienjoyedasuccessfulcollegelife,thenIprogressedthroughthecollegesystemtobecomeanassistantcoachtothenationalteam.I’veencounteredalotofchallengesthroughtheupsanddownsofbeingacoach.It’sparticularlyhardtofacethedoubtsafterlosinggames.M:Whatachievementareyoumostproudof?W:I’mmostproudofhelpingmyteamtowinallthelastsevenmatchesinItalyandBrazil.M:Whatareyouplanningtodonext?W:I’lltakeonanotherchallenge,possiblycoachinginEngland.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】15.WhatdidMonicalovedoingwhenshewasachild?A.Readingstorybooks. B.Playingbaseball. C.Takingdancelessons.16.WhatwasMonica’smajorincollege?A.Journalism. B.History. C.English.17.WhatdidMonicadorightaftergraduation?A.Shebegantravelling. B.Shebecameateacher. C.Shelaunchedanewspaper.18.WheredoesMonicaworknow?A.InChina. B.InAustralia. C.InCanada.【答案】15.A16.C17.B18.A【解析】更多試卷請(qǐng)關(guān)注微信公眾號(hào)“智慧學(xué)庫(kù)”【原文】Goodmorningeveryone.I’mMonicafromCanada,andI’llteachyouEnglishwritingthisterm.Beforewestart,I’dliketotakeafewminutestoletyouknowsomethingaboutme.WhenIwassmall,Ienjoyedspendingmysummersreadingstorybooksinsteadofplayingbaseballortakingdancelessons.AfterIwenttoschool,Itookreadingtimeseriously.Once,Itiedoneendofastringaroundabookandtheotherendaroundmywaist,climbedatreeandsatinthebranches,readinguntildinnertime.Incollege,IthoughtImightmajorinjournalismorhistory,butwhenItookmyfirstliteratureclass,Iwasdeeplyattractedtoit.ThecallingtobeanEnglishmajorwasinmyheart,andIcouldn’timaginespendingmystudyhourswithoutShakespeare,ChaucerorLewbymyside.Ilearnedtheartofmakingconnectionsbetweenliteratureandlife,anddevelopedaloveforwriting.Aftergraduation,ItaughtEnglishinaprimaryschoolinCanadaforfiveyears.ThenIwenttoAustraliaandworkedasabookeditor.Threeyearsago,IcametoChina.I’vebeenteachingEnglishinmiddleschools.IlovemyjobandI’mthankfulforthegiftofwordsforthelifeconnection,beautyandlearningthatcomefromlanguage.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AEastYorkshireAttractionsBurnbyHallGardens&MuseumTheBalk,PocklingtonYO422QFTel:01759307125Thegardensarebeautifullylaidoutwithtwolakes,whicharehometoavastcollectionoffish.WealsohaveStewartMuseum,achildren’splayground,abook&giftshop,andtearooms.Sundaybandconcertsandeventsareavailablethroughouttheyear.Open:10:00amto5:30pmPrices:Adults￡4.65,Seniors￡3.95,Children￡2.50GooleMuseumCarlisleStreet,GooleDN145DSTel:01405768963ThemuseumexploresthecolourfulhistoryofthetownandportofGoole,withplentyofhands-onexhibitsforyoungervisitors.Thetemporaryexhibitiongalleryhasawiderangeofartcraft(工藝)andlocalhistoryexhibitionswhichchangeseverymonth.Open:10:00amto5:00pmAdmissionFreeSledmereHouseSledmere,DriffieldYO253XGTel:01377236637SledmereHouseisoneofYorkshire’smostattractivehouses.Wehaveanaward-winninggarden,amilitarymuseum,achildren’splayarea,andacafé&giftshop.OrganmusicisplayedonThursdayafternoons.Open:11:30amto3:30pmPrices:Adults￡8.00,Seniors￡6.00,Children￡3.00BridlingtonBird&AnimalParkBridlington,EastYorkshireYO153QFTel:01262673653Thefamily-runparkissetinawonderfulwoodlandenvironment.Itoffersdailyshowsofpigracing.Wealsohavearangeofbirdsandotheranimalstoofferafun-filleddayoutforfamilies.Open:10:00amto5:00pmPrices:Adults￡4.50,Seniors￡4.00,Children￡3.5019Whichattractionhoststemporaryexhibitions?A.GooleMuseum. B.BurnbyHallGardens&Museum.C.SledmereHouse. D.BridlingtonBird&AnimalPark.20.WhatcantouristsdoatSledmereHouse?A.Feedawiderangeofanimals. B.WatchabandconcertonSunday.C.Explorethehistoryofthetown. D.EnjoyorganmusiconThursday.21.WhatistheticketpriceforchildrenatBridlingtonBird&AnimalPark?A.￡2.50. B.￡3.00. C.￡3.50. D.￡4.00.【答案】19.A20.D21.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了英國(guó)東約克郡的四個(gè)景點(diǎn)，主要包括其地理位置、聯(lián)系方式、景點(diǎn)活動(dòng)、開(kāi)放時(shí)間及票價(jià)等信息?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“GooleMuseum”部分中“Thetemporaryexhibitiongalleryhasawiderangeofartcraft(工藝)andlocalhistoryexhibitionswhichchangeseverymonth.(臨時(shí)展覽館有各種各樣的藝術(shù)工藝和當(dāng)?shù)貧v史展覽，每個(gè)月都有變化)”可知，古爾博物館（GooleMuseum）舉辦臨時(shí)展覽。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“SledmereHouse”部分中“OrganmusicisplayedonThursdayafternoons.(管風(fēng)琴音樂(lè)在星期四下午演奏)”可知，在SledmereHouse游客們可以在周四欣賞管風(fēng)琴音樂(lè)。故選D項(xiàng)。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BridlingtonBird&AnimalPark部分Prices中的“Children￡3.50(兒童3.50英鎊)”可知，布里德靈頓鳥(niǎo)類和動(dòng)物公園的兒童票價(jià)是3.5英鎊。故選C項(xiàng)。BJimJohnson,amailcarrier,wasaninstitutionintheleafyWestmoreland,WesthavenandWestoverHillsneighborhoods.justnorthofdowntownWilmington,wherehedeliveredmuchmorethanthemail.Heknewallthekidsandtheirpetsbyname;hecarriedinthegroceries;hetooknoteofunlockeddoors,offeredgardeningadvice,andtaughtmorethanafewyoungboystheartofthecurveball.Whenhewasn'tdoingallthat,Jimwasrunningacrossacheckerboardofgreenlawns(草坪)toensurethelocalpostalservicedidnotfallshortofitsdailypromise.Thoughthepostalserviceisoftendisparagednow,thetrustinlocalpostalserviceliveson.Inmanycommunities,thattrustiswoneverydaywhenlife-savingmedicine,greetingcards,socialsecuritychecks,collegeacceptanceletters-eventhebills-appearinmailboxesinfrontofthehouses.Aftermorethanthreedecades,Jimapproachedhisfinaldaysonthejobmuchlikeanyother.HedroveaboxypostaltrucktoNorthDuPontRoadforthefirstunofficialstopoftheday.Butch,adogwhobelongedtooneoftheneighbors,waswaitingjustlikeeverydaybefore.Andjustlikeeverydaybefore,hegotintothejumpseatandtheywereoff.Ontheroute,JimandButchhadbecomeinseparable.Now,thedogandthemailmanwouldrideofftoretirementtogether.Ateverystop,Jimacceptedthepartinggoodwishesoffamiliesthathadbecomehisown.Thereweretearsandlaughter,andhugsfilledwithwarmmemories.It’sbeen33yearssinceJimlefttheroute,butwearestillremindedofthedeepbondestablishedbetweencommunityandlettercarrier.That’swhatthepostalservicemeanstous.22.WhatdoweknowaboutJimJohnsonfromthefirstparagraph?A.He’sopen-minded. B.He’ssharp-eyed.C.He’swarm-hearted. D.He’sstrong-willed.23.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disparaged”inparagraph2mean?A.Refused. B.Criticized. C.Investigated. D.Suspended.24.WhatdidJimdobesidesdailydeliveryonhisfinaldaysofwork?A.HedroveButchtoitsowner. B.Hesentpresentstohisfriends.C.Hepreparedaretirementparty. D.Hesaidgoodbyetotheneighbors.25.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Torememberarespectedmailcarrier. B.Torecordanunforgettableexperience.C.Toraisefundsforthepostalservice. D.Tocallforharmonyinthecommunity.【答案】22.C23.B24.D25.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了郵遞員吉姆·約翰遜在工作中熱心幫助鄰里，與大家建立了深厚感情，在他退休33年后，作者依然記得他，表達(dá)了對(duì)他的懷念?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Heknewallthekidsandtheirpetsbyname;hecarriedinthegroceries;hetooknoteofunlockeddoors,offeredgardeningadvice,andtaughtmorethanafewyoungboystheartofthecurveball.Whenhewasn'tdoingallthat,Jimwasrunningacrossacheckerboardofgreenlawns(草坪)toensurethelocalpostalservicedidnotfallshortofitsdailypromise.(他知道所有孩子和他們寵物的名字；他把雜貨搬進(jìn)來(lái)；他注意到那些沒(méi)鎖的門，提供園藝方面的建議，還教了幾個(gè)小男孩曲球的藝術(shù)。當(dāng)他不做這些事情的時(shí)候，吉姆會(huì)跑過(guò)棋盤(pán)狀的綠色草坪，以確保當(dāng)?shù)氐泥]政服務(wù)不會(huì)達(dá)不到每天的承諾)”可推知，吉姆·約翰遜是一個(gè)熱心腸的人。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞句“Thoughthepostalserviceisoftendisparagednow,thetrustinlocalpostalserviceliveson.(雖然郵政服務(wù)現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常disparaged，但人們對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)剜]政服務(wù)的信任仍然存在)”可知，前后句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，后半句說(shuō)對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)剜]政服務(wù)的信任依然存在，那么前半句應(yīng)該是說(shuō)郵政服務(wù)現(xiàn)在常被批評(píng)，由此表明，郵政服務(wù)經(jīng)常被看不起或批評(píng)。由此可知，劃線詞disparaged與“Criticized(批評(píng))”意思相近。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Ateverystop,Jimacceptedthepartinggoodwishesoffamiliesthathadbecomehisown.Thereweretearsandlaughter,andhugsfilledwithwarmmemories.(每到一站，吉姆都會(huì)接受那些已經(jīng)成為他自己的家人的告別祝福。有淚水，有歡笑，有充滿溫暖回憶的擁抱)”可知，吉姆在工作的最后幾天除了每天送貨外，還向鄰居們告別。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意以及最后一段“It’sbeen33yearssinceJimlefttheroute,butwearestillremindedofthedeepbondestablishedbetweencommunityandlettercarrier.That’swhatthepostalservicemeanstous.(吉姆離開(kāi)這條路線已經(jīng)33年了，但我們?nèi)匀挥浀蒙鐓^(qū)和郵遞員之間建立的深厚聯(lián)系。這就是郵政服務(wù)對(duì)我們的意義)”可知，文章主要講述了吉姆·約翰遜這位郵遞員在工作中熱心幫助鄰里，與大家建立了深厚感情，在他退休33年后，作者依然記得他，表達(dá)了對(duì)他的懷念。由此推知，作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的是紀(jì)念一位受人尊敬的郵遞員。故選A項(xiàng)。CJaneJacobsspentherworkinglifeadvancingadistinctvisionofthecity—inparticularfocusingonwhatmakesasuccessfulurbancommunity.Attheheartofhervisionistheideathaturbanlifeshouldbeanenergeticandrichaffair,wherebypeopleareabletointeractwithoneanotherindense(稠密)andexcitingurbanenvironments.Sheprefersdisordertoorder,walkingtodriving,anddiversitytouniformity.ForJacobs,urbancommunitiesareorganicbeingsthatshouldbelefttogrowandchangebythemselvesandnotbesubjecttothegrandplansofso-calledexpertsandofficials.Thebestjudgesofhowacityshouldbe—andhowitshoulddevelop—arethelocalresidentsthemselves.Jacobsarguesthaturbancommunitiesarebestplacedtounderstandhowtheircityfunctions,becausecitylifeiscreatedandsustainedthroughtheirvariousinteractions.Jacobsnotesthatthebuiltformofacityiscrucialtothelifeofanurbancommunity,especiallythesidewalks.Thestreetsinwhichpeopleliveshouldbeatightpatternofcrossedsidewalks,whichallowpeopletomeet,talk,andgettoknowoneanother.Suchacomplexbutultimatelyenrichingsetofencountershelpsindividualsknowtheirneighboursandneighbourhoodbetter.Diversityandmixed-useofspacearealso,forJacobs,keyelementsofthisurbanform.Thecommercial,business,andresidentialelementsofacityshouldnotbeseparatedoutbutinsteadbesidebyside,toallowforgreaterintegrationofpeople.Thereshouldalsobeadiversityofoldandnewbuildings,andpeople'sinteractionsshoulddeterminehowbuildingsgetusedandreused.Finally,urbancommunitiesgrowbetterinplaceswhereacriticalmassofpeoplelive,work,andinteract.Suchhigh-densityspacesare,shefeels,enginesofcreativityandvitality.Theyarealsosafeplacestobe,becausethehigherdensitymeansthattherearemore“eyesonthestreet”:shopkeepersandlocalswhoknowtheirareaandmaintainaclosewatchovertheneighbourhood.26.WhatdoesJacobsfindmostimportantforasuccessfulurbancommunity?A.Efficientpublictransport. B.Stronginteractionbetweenpeople.C.Uniformstyleofbuildings. D.Acomparativelylargepopulation.27.WhodoesJacobsthinkshouldmakedecisionsonurbandevelopment?A.Localresidents. B.Governmentofficials.C.Cityplanners. D.Constructionworkers.28.HowdoesJacobssuggestsidewalksbebuilt?A.Linedwithplants. B.Paintedwithclearsigns.C.Tightlyconnected. D.Convenientfortheold.29.AccordingtoJacobs,the“eyesonthestreet”bringasenseof_______.A.pride B.comfort C.security D.urgency【答案】26.B27.A28.C29.C【解析】更多試卷請(qǐng)關(guān)注微信公眾號(hào)“智慧學(xué)庫(kù)”【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要介紹了Jacobs一生致力于推進(jìn)一種獨(dú)特的城市愿景，尤其關(guān)注是什么造就了一個(gè)成功的城市社區(qū)。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Attheheartofhervisionistheideathaturbanlifeshouldbeanenergeticandrichaffair,wherebypeopleareabletointeractwithoneanotherindense(稠密)andexcitingurbanenvironments.(她構(gòu)想的核心在于，城市生活應(yīng)當(dāng)充滿活力且豐富多彩，人們能夠在密集且令人興奮的城市環(huán)境中相互交流。)”可知，Jacobs認(rèn)為對(duì)于一個(gè)成功的城市社區(qū)來(lái)說(shuō)，人與人之間的強(qiáng)烈互動(dòng)是最重要的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ForJacobs(對(duì)于Jacobs來(lái)說(shuō))”以及“Thebestjudgesofhowacityshouldbe—andhowitshoulddevelop—arethelocalresidentsthemselves.(一個(gè)城市應(yīng)該如何發(fā)展，最好的評(píng)判者是當(dāng)?shù)鼐用褡约骸?”可知，Jacobs認(rèn)為對(duì)城市發(fā)展做出決定的應(yīng)該是當(dāng)?shù)鼐用?。故選A項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thestreetsinwhichpeopleliveshouldbeatightpatternofcrossedsidewalks,whichallowpeopletomeet,talk,andgettoknowoneanother.Suchacomplexbutultimatelyenrichingsetofencountershelpsindividualsknowtheirneighboursandneighbourhoodbetter.(人們居住的街道應(yīng)當(dāng)是縱橫交錯(cuò)的人行道構(gòu)成的緊密格局，這樣人們才能相遇、交談并相互了解。這樣一系列復(fù)雜但最終豐富了個(gè)人經(jīng)歷的相遇，有助于人們更好地了解自己的鄰居和社區(qū)。)”可知，Jacobs建議如何修建連接緊密的人行道。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theyarealsosafeplacestobe,becausethehigherdensitymeansthattherearemore“eyesonthestreet”:shopkeepersandlocalswhoknowtheirareaandmaintainaclosewatchovertheneighbourhood.(它們也是安全的地方，因?yàn)槿丝诿芏雀咭馕吨懈唷敖诸^的眼睛”：店主和當(dāng)?shù)厝耸煜ぷ约旱膮^(qū)域，并密切留意著社區(qū)的情況。)”可知，Jacobs認(rèn)為，“街頭的眼睛”給人帶來(lái)一種安全的感覺(jué)。故選C項(xiàng)。DWanttolearnanewlanguageorgetA’sincollegeexams?Previousstudieshaveshownthatexercisecanhelpstimulatetheareasofthebrainthatconvert(轉(zhuǎn)換)newinformationintolong-termmemory.Anewstudyhastakenthisinformationonestepfurtherandfoundthebesttimewhenexercisecanhelpmaximizelearning.Buildinguponpastresearchthatfoundexercisereleasesbiochemicalsthatimprovementalfunction,scientistsatRadboudUniversityandtheUniversityofEdinburghconductedastudytodeterminewhenexercisewasmostbeneficialtolearning.Participants—72healthymaleandfemaleadults—werefirstaskedtoperformacomputertestthatchallengedtheirvisualandspatiallearning.Afterthetest,allofthesubjectswatchednaturedocumentaries,buttwo-thirdsofthemalsoexercised.Halfoftheexercisersdidcircuittrainingonanexercisebikefor35minutesimmediatelyafterthetest.Theotherhalfdidthesameexercisebutnotuntilfourhoursaftertheyhadbeentested.Twodayslater,alloftheparticipantsreturnedtothelabforarecalltest,andtheywereconnectedtoMRI(磁共振成像)machinestoassesstheirbrainactivity.Theparticipantswhoexercisedfourhoursaftertakingthecomputertestwereabletorecallwhattheyhadlearnedmostaccurately.Theirbrainwavesalsoshowedmoreconsistentlevelsofactivity,indicatingthattheirbrainswerelesstaxedtorememberwhattheyhadlearned.Accordingtothisresearch,thebesttimetoexercisetoimprovelearningisfourhoursafterstudying.Butwhy?That’sonequestiontheresearchershaveyettoanswer.Anotherquestionleftunansweredisthelevelofexercisethatmightbestimprovelearning.I’verunenoughmarathonstoprovethefactthatmybrainisanythingbutsharpduringorafteratoughworkout.Buttheresearchersnotedthatlightworkoutsmightnotgivethebrainenoughofabiochemicalboosttoimprovelearning.30.Whatdidthenewstudyaimtoexplore?A.Whenexerciseisbestforlearning. B.Whatbiochemicalsaregoodforhealth.C.Howbrainwavesshouldbemeasured. D.Whichareaofthebrainisthemostactive.31.Whatwerealltheparticipantsaskedtododuringtheexperiment?A.Trainonbicycles. B.Domathematicsexercises.C.Playcomputergames. D.Watchfilmsaboutnature.32.Whydidtheparticipantsreturntothelabtwodayslater?A.Todoamedicalexamination. B.Tohavetheirmemorytested.C.Togettheirworkoutsrecorded. D.Tofinishtheirprevioustasks.33.Whatmighttheauthor’smarathonrunningprove?A.Thefindingsofthestudyarereliable. B.Long-distancerunnersareoftensmart.C.Studiesonthemarathonarenotenough. D.Hardexercisemaynotsharpenthebrain.【答案】30.A31.D32.B33.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新研究——鍛煉可以幫助刺激大腦將新信息轉(zhuǎn)化為長(zhǎng)期記憶的區(qū)域，以及進(jìn)行鍛煉以最大程度提高學(xué)習(xí)的最佳時(shí)間?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Anewstudyhastakenthisinformationonestepfurtherandfoundthebesttimewhenexercisecanhelpmaximizelearning.(一項(xiàng)新的研究更進(jìn)一步，找到了鍛煉有助于最大化學(xué)習(xí)效果的最佳時(shí)間)”可知，新研究旨在探索什么時(shí)候鍛煉最有利于學(xué)習(xí)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Afterthetest,allofthesubjectswatchednaturedocumentaries(測(cè)試后，所有受試者都觀看了自然紀(jì)錄片)”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)要求所有受試者在實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中觀看自然紀(jì)錄片。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Twodayslater,alloftheparticipantsreturnedtothelabforarecalltest(兩天后，所有參與者返回實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行回憶測(cè)試)”可知，參與者兩天后返回實(shí)驗(yàn)室是為了進(jìn)行記憶測(cè)試。故選B項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“I’verunenoughmarathonstoprovethefactthatmybrainisanythingbutsharpduringorafteratoughworkout.(我已經(jīng)跑了足夠多的馬拉松來(lái)證明這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)：在艱苦的鍛煉過(guò)程中或之后，我的大腦一點(diǎn)也不敏銳)”可知，作者通過(guò)自己跑馬拉松的經(jīng)歷證明，劇烈的鍛煉可能不會(huì)使大腦變得敏銳。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。JointheFriendsandfindtheplacethat’srightforyou●WhoaretheFriendsoftheUniversityArtMuseum?Friendsareourneighborsfromthelocalcommunitiesandbeyond.Theyarefamilies,students,scholars,andalumni(校友).___34___.Friendsareunitedbyasharedlovefortheartsandfortheuniversity,andbyadesiretobepartofaculturalcommunity.FriendsareinterestedandactiveinthelifeoftheArtMuseum.Friendsareartlovers-justlikeyou.●___35___?AsaFriend,yourmembershipprovidesessentialannualsupporttohelpsustainthecontinuedexcellenceanddiversityoftheMuseum’seducationalprograms.ByjoiningtheFriends,youhelptoguaranteethattheMuseumremainsawelcomingplaceofsharedenrichmentforallvisitorstoexperience,toenjoy,andtolove.●WhatbenefitsdomembersoftheFriendsenjoy?___36___.WhenyoubecomeaFriendoftheUniversityArtMuseum,youalsobecomepartofagreattradition.NotonlywillyoubeactivelyparticipatinginthelifeoftheMuseum,butyoualsowillreceivespecialopportunitiestoshareyourloveofartwithotherlike-mindedindividuals.___37___,andtheygetinvitationstoexhibitionopenings,lectures,travelopportunities,andlivelysocialgatherings.●HowdoIjointheFriends?BecomingaFriendiseasy.___38___,returnitwithyourannualmembershipfeeintheattachedenvelope,andbeginenjoyingyourbenefitsimmediately.Ifyouprefer,youmayjoinonlineatartmuseum.edu/support/become-a-member,orwhenyouvisittheMuseumStore.A.WhydoesmembershipmatterB.HowcanIlearnabouttheFriendsC.SimplycompletethemembershipformD.YoucanthenseethefullrangeofFriendsbenefitsE.FriendsmembershipisyourentrytomanyopportunitiesF.FriendsreceiveasubscriptiontotheMuseum’squarterlymagazineG.Friendsarepeopleofallages,interests,abilities,andculturalbackgrounds【答案】34.G35.A36.E37.F38.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了大學(xué)藝術(shù)博物館之友的成員構(gòu)成、會(huì)員意義、福利待遇及加入方式，鼓勵(lì)公眾參與?！?4題詳解】更多試卷請(qǐng)關(guān)注微信公眾號(hào)“智慧學(xué)庫(kù)”由上文“Friendsareourneighborsfromthelocalcommunitiesandbeyond.Theyarefamilies,students,scholars,andalumni(校友).(Friends是來(lái)自當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)和其他地方的鄰居。他們是家庭、學(xué)生、學(xué)者和校友)”可知，上文介紹了大學(xué)藝術(shù)博物館之友的身份，強(qiáng)調(diào)其成員身份的多樣性。這里需要一個(gè)句子來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明朋友群體的多樣性。選項(xiàng)G“Friendsarepeopleofallages,interests,abilities,andculturalbackgrounds(Friends是所有年齡、興趣、能力和文化背景的人)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選G?！?5題詳解】由下文“AsaFriend,yourmembershipprovidesessentialannualsupporttohelpsustainthecontinuedexcellenceanddiversityoftheMuseum’seducationalprograms.ByjoiningtheFriends,youhelptoguaranteethattheMuseumremainsawelcomingplaceofsharedenrichmentforallvisitorstoexperience,toenjoy,andtolove.(作為一名Friend，你的會(huì)員資格將提供必要的年度支持，以幫助保持博物館教育項(xiàng)目的持續(xù)卓越和多樣性。通過(guò)加入Friends，你可以幫助確保博物館仍然是一個(gè)歡迎所有游客體驗(yàn)、享受和熱愛(ài)的共享豐富的地方)”可知，這里需要一個(gè)問(wèn)句來(lái)引出會(huì)員身份的重要性。選項(xiàng)A“Whydoesmembershipmatter(為什么會(huì)員資格很重要)”直接提出了會(huì)員身份的重要性問(wèn)題，引出了下文對(duì)會(huì)員支持博物館教育項(xiàng)目的解釋，符合題意。故選A?！?6題詳解】由上文“WhatbenefitsdomembersoftheFriendsenjoy?(Friends會(huì)員享有什么福利？)”及下文“WhenyoubecomeaFriendoftheUniversityArtMuseum,youalsobecomepartofagreattradition.(當(dāng)你成為大學(xué)藝術(shù)博物館一員時(shí)，你也成為了一項(xiàng)偉大傳統(tǒng)的一部分。你不僅會(huì)積極參與博物館的各項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，還將獲得與其他志同道合者分享你對(duì)藝術(shù)的熱愛(ài)的特別機(jī)會(huì))”可知，這里需要一個(gè)句子來(lái)概括會(huì)員可以享受的各種福利。選項(xiàng)E“Friendsmembershipisyourentrytomanyopportunities(朋友會(huì)員資格是你獲得許多機(jī)會(huì)的入口)”概述了會(huì)員資格帶來(lái)的多種機(jī)會(huì)，為下文的具體福利做了鋪墊，符合題意。故選E。【37題詳解】由上文“NotonlywillyoubeactivelyparticipatinginthelifeoftheMuseum,butyoualsowillreceivespecialopportunitiestoshareyourloveofartwithotherlike-mindedindividuals.(你不僅會(huì)積極參與博物館的各項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，還將獲得特別的機(jī)會(huì)，與其他志同道合的人一起分享你對(duì)藝術(shù)的熱愛(ài))”及下文“andtheygetinvitationstoexhibitionopenings,lectures,travelopportunities,andlivelysocialgatherings.(并且，他們會(huì)收到展覽開(kāi)幕式、講座、旅行活動(dòng)以及熱鬧的社交聚會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)函)”可知，這里需要一個(gè)句子來(lái)列舉具體的會(huì)員福利。選項(xiàng)F“FriendsreceiveasubscriptiontotheMuseum’squarterlymagazine(會(huì)員們可以訂閱博物館的季刊)”具體提到了會(huì)員可以收到博物館的季刊雜志，能承上啟下，符合題意。故選F。【38題詳解】由上文“HowdoIjointheFriends?(我如何加入Friends？)”及下文“returnitwithyourannualmembershipfeeintheattachedenvelope,andbeginenjoyingyourbenefitsimmediately.(請(qǐng)將它與你的年度會(huì)員費(fèi)一同放入隨附的信封中寄回，然后立即開(kāi)始享受你的會(huì)員福利)”可知，這里需要一個(gè)句子來(lái)介紹加入Friends的方式。選項(xiàng)C“Simplycompletethemembershipform(只需填寫(xiě)會(huì)員表格)”直接告訴讀者如何加入Friends，且C選項(xiàng)中的themembershipform與下文的it相對(duì)應(yīng)，符合題意。故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Ilikedtogoandwatchthesunsetatmylocalpark,whichwasaseasideareainKarachi.There,Iwouldalwaysseethesameelderlylady___39___thepigeons(鴿子).Thebirds,usuallyaround10to15in___40___,wouldgatheraroundherbeforesheevenhada___41___totakethebagofriceoutfromherhandbag.Itwasthesameeachday,partofher___42___.Ifoundthat___43___herperformthisordinarytaskwithsuch___44___wasbothcalmingandbeautiful.Onthisparticularevening,theladyarrivedather___45___spottofeedthebirds.But,asshe___46___thebench(長(zhǎng)凳)tositdown,hernecklace(項(xiàng)鏈)felltotheground.Iwassittingonthegrassnearbywaitingforthesuntoset.Noticingthat,I___47___togetitbackforher.____48____,beforeIreachedit,oneofthepigeonsfromthe____49____pickedupthenecklace,____50____tothebench,anddroppeditonherlap.Icouldn’t____51____myeyes.Theoldlady,also____52____,beganlaughingquietlytoherself.Iwas____53____withahugesmileonmyfaceandhappilywentbacktowatchingthesunset.39.A.feeding B.pursuing C.training D.collecting40.A.age B.size C.weight D.number41.A.wish B.chance C.plan D.reason42.A.job B.project C.routine D.dream43.A.watching B.helping C.making D.hearing44.A.confidence B.enthusiasm C.flexibility D.precision45.A.original B.parking