英語八年級上冊Module1-12知識點總結(jié)（外研版）

Module1HowtolearnEnglish1.【詞義】v.練習(xí) n.練【辨析】practise有規(guī)律地練習(xí)，特指反復(fù)練習(xí)；exercise指訓(xùn)練；鍛煉；操練。2.match【詞義】n.比賽；火柴v.匹配，搭配【搭配】match…with…把……和……搭配起來3.lookup【拓展】由look構(gòu)成的其他短語：lookat看 lookafter=takecareof照顧lookforwardto+sth./doingsth. 4.【詞義】n.建議【用法】不可數(shù)名詞someadvice一些建議giveadvice提??【辨析】advice不可數(shù)名詞suggestions可數(shù)名詞【派生詞】advisev.建議5.forget【詞義】v.忘；忘記【常用搭配】forgettodosth忘記去做某事（事情還未做）forgetdoingsth忘記做過某事（事情已做） v.記remembertodosth記得去做某事（還未做）rememberdoingsth記得做過某事（已做）6.【詞義】v.建議；提議【常用搭配】suggest+n.建議某事 suggestdoingsth建議做某事suggest+(that)sb(should)dosth建議某人應(yīng)該做某事【派生詞】suggestionn.建議；提議7.writedownwritedowndown8.agreewith【拓展】agreeon/about agreetodosth“同意做某事”trytodosth努力做某事trydoingsth嘗試做某事tryone’sbest盡某人全力tryon試穿tryout試用；試驗 haveatry試一試（1）as…aspossible“盡可能……”兩as之間用adj./adv【同義結(jié)構(gòu)】as…asone（2）possibleadj.“可能的”【反義詞】impossible“不可能的”（2）else（3）辨析else和other：other“其他的”修飾名詞，放名詞前；【詞義】adv.aloudadv??read，callloudadv./adj重發(fā)??speak，laughloudlyadv.與ring，knock等詞連用；Howabout…？=Whatabout…？……怎么樣？后接名詞/代詞/動詞-ing14.somany+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)somuch+不可數(shù)名詞“如此多的”gettoknow認(rèn)識“認(rèn)識，了“次數(shù)”表達(dá)方式：once一 twice兩 【拓展】times還可意為“倍數(shù)”17.afraid【詞義】adj【常用搭配】beafraidofsth.sb.害怕某物/某人beafraidtodosthofdoingsth.害怕做某事beafraid+(that)從句“恐怕……” I’mafraidso.恐怕如此18.takesb.around+地點=showsb.around+地點“帶著某人參觀某地”19.millionsof數(shù)百萬的【拓展】基數(shù)詞+hundred/thousand/million/billion表示確切數(shù)huandres/thousands/millions/billionsof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式表示不確切數(shù)否定句：主語+be動詞+not+其他.回答：Yes，主語+beNo，主語+benot.實義動詞型：肯定句：主語+實義動詞+其他.（三單用三單形式）回答：Yes，主語+do/does.No，主語+don’t/doesn’t.【時間狀語】often/sometimes/usually/never/always/hardly/onceaweek/everyday/today/inthemorning等。回答：Yes，主語+was/were.No，主語+was/were+not.回答：Yes，主語+did.No，主語+didn’t.【時間狀語】yesterday/lastnight/justnow/…ago/atthattime/inthepast/in+年份等。begoingto形式：肯定句：主語+begioingto否定句：主語+begoingto+not+動詞原形+其他.一般疑問句：Be+主語+goingto+動詞原形+其他？回答：Yes，主語+beNo，主語+benot.否定句：主語+won’t(=willnot)+動詞原形+其他.回答：Yes，主語+willNo，主語+willnot.【注意】will用于第一，第二，第三人稱；shall也可表示將來時，主語是第一人稱還可以leave等；beabouttodosth.也是將來時，但不與時間狀語連用?！緯r間狀語】tomorrow/nextSaturday/inthefuture/in+年份……一般疑問句：B動詞+主語+動詞-ing形式+其他？回答：Yes，主語+beNo，主語+benot.【時間狀語】now/atthemoment/thesedaysModulepopulationn.Thepopulationisincreasingatabout6%peryear.apopulationof……的人口2.wideadj.Howwideisthatstreamwidenv.Hereyeswidenedinwidthn.It’lionn.Istillhaveamillionthingsto4.hilln.Ilovewalkinginthe5.adj.Youlooksoprettyinthatdressadv.I’mprettysureI’llbe6.1）v.IgetaletterfromDavethisImustgetmyhair3）v.WegottoSanDiegoat74）v.Idon’tget5）v.Theyplantogetmarriedinthesummer.getbackWhattimedidyougetbacklastnightgetdownto…Let’sgetdowntogetonWecangetonperfectlywithoutgetoverShecan’tgetoverher7.especiallyadv.IloveRome,especiallyinthe8.befamousfor因…Hebecameinternationallyfamousforhisnovels.befamousas作為…聞名Shewasmorefamousasawriterthanasa1）famen.名譽(yù)Thetown’sonlyclaimtofameisthattherewasonceariot2）infamousadj.9.universityn.He’shopingtogotouniversitynext10.islandn.WespentaweekontheGreekislandof12.arean.Thereisheavytrafficinthedowntownareatonight.intheareaof…在…領(lǐng)域Heisprofessionalintheareaof13.lowadj.Thesunwaslowinthe1）lowerv.Hehadtolowerhisheadtogetthroughthe14.umbrellan.Iputupmy15.countrysiden.Everyoneshouldenjoytherightofaccesstothe八上M31.boring1.boringadj.煩人的;LastweekthematchonTVwassoboringbecausenoonescoredatall.上周電視上的比賽真無聊,因為根本沒有人得分。boring指事情本身很無趣,常用來形容物;bored, Theycheerusonloudlyandwefeelmoreonconfidenttothegame.他們(球迷)大聲地為我們歡呼加油,我們感到更有信心贏得1.cheer1.cheeron意為“用歡呼聲激勵;Theycheerusonloudlyandwefeelmoreconfidenttowinthe拓展cheerup意為“(使)振作起來;(使)高興起來”。代詞作其賓語時,應(yīng)放在cheerup中間。Wealltriedtocheerherup.1.1.Weallarriveasearlyaswecansothatwehavetimewarmup.我們都盡可能IgetupearlysothatIcancatchtheearlybus.我起床很,以便能趕上2.2.Themoreyougojoggingthehealthieryouwillfeel.+就越……Themorehealthilyyoueat,themorehealthyyou'llbe.你吃得越健康，形容詞比較級(二1.more/less誤:Yourclassroomisbiggerthan正:Yourclassroomisbiggerthan誤:Thisroomisbiggerthananyoneinthe正:Thisroomisbiggerthananyotheroneinthebuilding.原級比較級good/wellbetterbad/badly/illworsefarfarther/furthermany/muchmorelittlelessHeisreadingEnglishloudly.他正在大聲地讀英語。以“y”結(jié)尾的形容詞，把y變?yōu)閕,再加-ly。happy→happilynoisy→noisilyeasy→easily八年級（上）Module模塊基礎(chǔ)攻 路；（尤指）Therearethousandsofroadsandsafetyisthefirst. 交通事故；意外事 trafficaccident交通事高階：byaccident 高階：except 除了不同類只在句notonly…butthere不是…而是eg.either…or…：Eitheryouorheiswrong.（要么你錯了，要么他錯了。）notonly…butalso…：Notonlytheboysbutalsothegirlisplayingbasketball.（不僅therebe…句型：Thereisabookandtwopensonthedesk.（桌子上有一本書和兩支not…but…：Notyoubutheisgoingtohaveapicnic.(不是你而是他要去野餐。with/togetheraswellratheregaswellasYouaswellashearewrong.（你和他都錯了。togetherwith…：Thestudentstogetherwiththeteacheraretired.（學(xué)生和老師都累except…：ThestudentsexceptJohnarecoming.（除了約翰，學(xué)生們都來了。）ratherthan…：HeratherthanIistoblame.（是他而不是我該受責(zé)備。）除了…還 包括后面的人或except 選擇choices→v.choose選擇chose過去短語：makeachoice/choices句型：choosetodosth.高階：havenochoicebuttodosth.That’sagoodchoice.諺語：Carefuldrivingisthefirstchoice. 遠(yuǎn)遙遠(yuǎn)adj. 更遠(yuǎn)的（地）最高級→farthest/furthest（最高級）最遠(yuǎn)的（地）短語：（be）farfrom離 farawayfrom...遠(yuǎn)離高階：so 到目前為 asfarasIknow據(jù)我所sofarsogood （三個詞性四個意思）adj.（距離上）近的，接近的adj. adv.（距離上）接近地 v.close關(guān)上 短語：closeto接近于靠 myclosefriend我親密的朋crowded 擁擠的；人數(shù)過多的→ v./ 擁擠/人短語：getcrowded高階：crowdedaround聚 becrowdedwith擠滿；滿 旅行；旅 makeajourney去旅 goonajourney長途旅 預(yù)訂n. bookatable訂高階：bookinadvance 停放（車）；泊（車）n.短語：parkinglot句型：Noparking 在……之外 在外面；在室外 外面，外 反義詞 在……之 高階：特殊疑問詞+ever=無論…=nomatterwhenever=nomatterwhatever=nomatterwhichever=nomatterwhoever=nomatterwherever=nomatter語法點： 價錢為；花費(fèi) 價錢；成本；代價→過去式高階：atthecostof...時間/人時間/onsth./(in)Ittodo物錢cost數(shù)人錢payhappenv.發(fā)生→過去式happened→單三happens進(jìn)行時happening→句型：happentodosth.碰巧去做某事makeithappenmodernadj.高階：古代的ancient 現(xiàn)代社會modernsociety現(xiàn)代科技moderntechnology物的前alive人和物beSheisa人和物be 人和物活的-反義詞表語、be still燈；點亮（高的（人busyadj句型bebusydoingsth.may adj.comfortablyadv.→反義詞 /dangern.dangerous→比較級/moredangerous/themostdangerousplannedplanningplantodosth.→短語makeaplan制定計劃 plan學(xué)習(xí)計travelv.hopev.willhope→詞性轉(zhuǎn)hopefuladj.有希望的→hopelessadj.絕望的hopetodosth.Howtakea/thein/ona/thewalk/ride/fly（flew）/drive（drove）toabitabitofa 很非常alotof=lotsof的可數(shù)不可alittlelittle幾乎沒有一點little-less-afewfewfew-fewer-becauseofbecausethesameasallthetime一直atthesametimetravelfrom...to...beclosetoplantodosth..gettherehaveagoodtripIttakessbsometimetodosth.HowdoesTonygotoschool?TonyHowlongHowlongdoesthejourneytake?citycenterbelateforwhathappenedtosb.trafficlights 交通信號燈/heavytrafficmostofwhatabouthowabout quitesafe相當(dāng)安全safely-tellsb.(not)todosth.allright todo/doingsth.記得去做/becarefulwith小心對待be后n.前careful動后句尾carefullythebestway/timetodosth.做…的最好方式/fromtothanksa 多謝thankfordoing感謝做某事thankstoPAGEPAGE2/Module5LaoSheUnit1IwantedtoseetheBeijing1offer?f?v.提議；提出offerSheofferedabook.offersb.sth.sth.to(主動）提供某物Heofferedmeanapple/offeredappletome.offerto(主動）Linglingofferedtodriveme Alotofheroes theirlives ourcountryduringtheearthquakeinSichuan. 知識點2.actor/??kt?(r)/n.演員(尤指男演員),actress則常指女演員。eg：Theyoungactorpretendedtobe拓 表示男女不同的名詞初中階段有男女“常把orerconductor售票員；monitor班長；mirror鏡子；visitor訪問者；professor教授；doctor醫(yī)3.end/end/n.(時間的)最后一段；末尾intheend最后；終于。同義詞組：atvt.&vi.egTheroadendshere.這條路到此為止?？枷蚨局攸c】辨析intheend，attheendof及bytheendinthe番努力Intheendtheywonthematch.atthe/Attheendoftheroad，you'llfindabythe用Bytheendofthisweek，hehasstayedathomeforfivemonths.典 ，IdecidedtostayatA．Intheend B．Tothe C．Bythe D．Inthe4.Noidea.Ihavenoidea.Idon'teg：—Doyouknowwhattimethelastbus—Noidea./Idon'tknow.不知道。/典 —Excuseme，isthereabanknear —Sorry，IhavenoA.Idon'tknow.B.Iwon'tgothere.C.Idon'ttellyou.D.Idon'tthinkUnit ItdescribesthechangesinChinese知識點考向一作動詞，意為“返回，回來”，相當(dāng)于comebackeg：Hereturnedhomefromschool.return＝returnsth.tosb.eg：Hereturnedmemypen.＝Hereturnedmypento 作名詞意為“歸還回報報答”，常見短語：inreturn作eg：Isenthimabook；inreturn，Igotacoat.我送給了他一本書；作為典 —CanIuseyourbikeJim? itto 2.name/neImv給……命名,給……取名’’被動形式：benamed...“被稱為……”。同義詞組：becalled...。eg：Hewasnamed/calledanationalhero.典例Yaxi,aquietvillagein China'sfirst“SlowinNovember (南京A. C.is D.wasif考向【重點】If引導(dǎo)狀語從句，表示條件或假設(shè)。若主句使用一般將來時，if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(主將從現(xiàn))。eg:Ifyoucomehere，youwilleatabigdinner.如果你來這兒，你將吃到典例—Let'sgofishingifit thisweekend.—Butknowsif A．isfine；willrain B．willbefine；rainsC．willbefine；willrain D．isfine；rainsif的用法。第一個if引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句，因if語thisweekendA。拓 if引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，常意為“是否”，此時if引導(dǎo)的賓語從eg：Heaskediftheywenttothezoo.知識點4 takeplace發(fā)生eg：ThesportsmeetingwilltakeplacenextMonday.運(yùn)動會將在下周一舉行?？枷颉颈嫖觥縯akeplace與take典 這個故事發(fā)生在上海。Thisstory in今天晨我碰巧遇到了我的啟蒙老師。I tomeetmyfirstteacherthismorning. Unit Languagein表語和賓語補(bǔ)足語。沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，構(gòu)成形式為to＋動詞原考點1eg：Thedriverhopedtoseetheoppositecarintime.司機(jī)希望及時看見Iwanttoknowtheanswertoyourquestion.我想知道你那道問題的答案。典例1 Bruceagreed hisbrothertoplaytheguitar.A. B.to C. D.【點撥】agreetodosth.不定式作賓語。故選B。典例2 —Ididn'thearyoucomeinjustnow.—That'sgood.We anynoise,foryouwereA.not B.notto C.to D.【點撥】考查非謂語動詞的用法。trytodosth.意為“努力/盡力做某trynottodosth”.，句意指盡量不去制造任何噪聲。所以選擇答案B。考點 do＋it＋adj.＋todo當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語中的賓語是不定式時，先形式賓語it代替不定式，把不定式置于補(bǔ)語之后，可以接此類復(fù)合賓語的動詞有：find，think，make，believe，keep，consider...eg：Wethinkitquiteimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage典 MrZhaousuallybelievesit thestudentsinA. B.to C. D.考點3 既可接動詞不定式又可接動詞的ing形式作賓語意思差別不太大的動詞有：begin，start，continue等。eg：ThenIstartedwatching/towatchTV.toHestopstosmoketoHestopstosmokeacigarette.他停下來，Imuststopsmoking.toThelightintheofficeisstillon.forgottoturnit事Heforgotturningthelightoff.to事Remembertogotothepostofficeschool.事Don'tyourememberseeingthetoYoumusttrytobemorecareful.Itriedgardeningbutdidn'tsucceed.gotoAfterhehadfinishedhismath，hewentontodohisphysics.TheywentonworkingtilllateinIsawhimworkinthegarden（強(qiáng)調(diào)IsawhimworkinginthetoIwasbeginningtogetangry.我開始生起后接know，realize這類用不定式toIbegintounderstandthetruth.我開始明時Thesnowbegantomelt.時Howoldwereyouwhenyoustartedplayingthepiano？典 —Dad，whymustI computer —Foryourhealth,myA. B.to C.to D.考點 動詞不定式的否定不定式的否定式是“notneverto不帶to的不定式的否定式是“notneverdo...”eg：Sometimestheyhavedisagreements,anddecidenottotalktoeachother.有時他們有分歧，會決定不對彼此談?wù)?。Hisparentstellhimnevertodriveafterhe Ialwaystellmystudents ontheroadbecauseit'sreallydangerous.A.notto B.toplay C.not D.not【點撥】考查非謂語動詞定式作tell的賓語補(bǔ)足語構(gòu)成tellsb.todosth.to前加nottellsb.nottodosth.to或for?？键c 雙賓語易位時需借助介詞to的常用動bringsb.sth.＝bringsth.tosb.把某物帶給某人handsb.sth.＝handsth.tosb.把某物遞給某人lendsb.sth.＝lendsth.tosb.把某物借給某人mailsb.sth.＝mailsth.tosb.把某物寄給某人offersb.sth.＝offersth.tosb.將某物提供給某人passsb.sth.＝passsth.tosb.把某物遞給某人paysb.sth.＝paysth.tosb.付給某人某物（錢）postsb.sth.＝poststh.tosb.把某物寄給某人returnsb.sth.＝returnsth.tosb.把某物還給某人sendsb.sth.＝sendsth.tosb.把某物寄給某人sellsb.sth.＝sellsth.tosb.把某物賣給某人servesb.sth.＝servesth.tosb.把某物提供給某人showsb.sth.＝showsth.tosb.拿某物給某人看takesb.sth.＝takesth.tosb.把某物拿給某人teachsb.sth.＝teachsth.tosb.教某人某事tellsb.sth.＝tellsth.tosb.告訴某人某事throwsb.sth.＝throwsth.tosb.把某物扔給某人writesb.sth.＝writesth.tosb.給某人寫……考點2雙賓語易位時需借助介詞forbooksb.sth.＝booksth.forsb.為某人預(yù)訂某物buysb.sth.＝buysth.forsb.為某人買某物cooksb.sth.＝cooksth.forsb.為某人烹飪某物drawsb.sth.＝drawsth.forsb.為某人畫某物getsb.sth.＝getsth.forsb.為某人拿來某物makesb.sth.＝makesth.forsb.為某人做某物picksb.sth.＝picksth.forsb.為某人采摘某物preparesb.sth.＝preparesth.forsb.為某人準(zhǔn)備某物egSheHeruncleboughtheranEnglishChinesedictionary＝HeruncleboughtanEnglishChinesedictionaryforher考點（it/them個賓語都是人稱代詞時，通常要用介詞to或for引起的短語。eg：ThewatchisLiLei's.Pleasegiveittohim.這塊手表是李雷的。請知識點 bring...tolife意為“使……生動/鮮活”eg：HisnovelsbringtheVictorianageto拓展bring...tolife還有“使蘇醒”eg：ThedoctorusedaspecialwaytobringthepatienttoIt‘simpossible adead bring...tolife2.haveagreat/goodtime玩得開心，過得愉快eg：Theyhadagreat/goodtimeinthezoo考 haveagreat/goodtime與havefun,enjoyoneself同義上面的例句可以改為：Theyhadfun/enjoyedthemselvesinthezoo典例—I'mgoingtoHainanwithmyauntformyholidayafterthe .（山東聊城A.Haveagood B.Itdoesn'tC.Youare D.ThanksaCDAModule AnimalsinUnit ItallowspeopletogetclosertoIamlongand adj.e.g.I’dliketobuyathinblouse.我想買一件薄襯衫。Iwantsomethinnerpaper.我想要一些更薄的紙。Hewasatallandthinman.他是個又高又瘦的人。thin薄的thick厚的；thin瘦的-- fat肥胖Whatanimalsarein(1)indanger處于危險中(2)outofdangerdangern.危險；dangerousadj.危險的；safetyn.安全；safeadj.安全的；ButIammoreinterestedtoseethepandasintheWolongPandaReserve,becauseitallowspeopletogetclosertothem.beinterestedinsth.對某物感/產(chǎn)生興趣；beinterestedtodosth.對做某I whathappened.我想知道發(fā)生了什么事。Mary Chinese.瑪麗對中文感興趣Themanbecame (interest)insciencewhenhewasayoungallowallowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事；beallowedtodosth.Please carryyourbag.Tom playcomputergameson□interested過去分詞作形容詞用，意思是“感興趣的”beinterestedin(doing)sth.表示“對于（做）某事感興趣”。 basketballLotsofstudents allow動詞，意為“允許，準(zhǔn)許”allowsbtodosth.“允許某人做某事

□close是形容詞，意思是“近的”becloseto…“離……近的，與……親近的”，getcloseto…“靠近……”。It’ssadtothinkofpandasandotheranimalsinthinkofWho theidea?Weare savingtheendangeredanimals.我們正在思考拯救瀕危動thinkabout:考慮thinkof:想起Manywildanimalsdon’thaveasafeplacetolive,becausevillagesandfarmsaregrowingbiggerandaretakingawaytheirlandandforests. growupThenoise louder.People thetreesinspring.人們在春天種樹。They sofast.他們這么快長大。take的短語：takeoff脫下；起飛；takebacktakedown拆掉；記下；takeupawayputaway收起來；runaway逃跑；takeawaythrowaway扔掉；giveaway捐贈；贈送；goawayAlso,oftenthereisn’tenoughcleanenough作副詞，意為“足夠地”Wehave forallofyoutoeat.我們有足夠的蘋果供你們Wewere toleave.enough“足夠的，充分的”：①作形容詞，修飾名詞，enough①作副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞，enough如：enoughfood足夠的食 enoughmoney足夠的 enoughquicklyenough足夠迅 fastenough足夠 carefullyHaveyougot forallofWe’llhavetogetup tocatchtheItsays,“Yourmoneypaystolookafterthelookafterlookafter＝takecareoflookafter...well＝takegoodcareof...照顧好Hecanlookafterhispet(well).=Hecantake(good)careofhispet.(好)ThatmeanswecangivemoneytohelpprotecttheThesunglassescan oureyes thesun.Maybewecanraisesomemoneyatraise/re?z/v.()Ifyouneedtogototherestroominclass,please yourInever adog.Theoldman somemoneytohelpthepoor.這位老人籌集了一些錢拓展：raiserise區(qū)別：辨讀音：raise/re?zrise

rise不及物動詞，“上升辨主語：由詞義可以看出，raise可以表達(dá)“某人使……高……”rise則表達(dá)“某物升起，某物上升”，因此，raise的主語常常是人，rise主語常常是物。Thesun intheeastandgoesdownintheTheman hisIthinkweallneedtohelpanimalsliveinneed作實義動詞，意為“需要”needtodoneeddoing/tobedone(某Weneed (learn)English Thetreesneed need“需要； hesweepthefloornow?八上M7Afamous1.fall1.fallv.下落;教材原句Alicefolloweditandfelldownaholeintheground.愛麗絲跟歸納fall是不及物動詞,其過去式和過去分詞分別為fell和fallen。fall還可表示氣溫、價格等的下降。fall用作系動詞時,后接形容詞作表語，表示“進(jìn)入(某種狀態(tài))常用短語有fallofffalldown,fallasleep在美式英語中,fall也可用作名詞,意為“秋天2.follow2.followv.跟隨;教材原句Alicefolloweditandfelldownaholeintheground.愛麗絲跟歸納:follow為及物動詞,意為“跟隨;followsb.todosth.,意為“跟隨某人做某事follow作動詞,還有其他意思Ididn'tfollowyouPleaseexplainitagain.Idecidetofollowheradvice.1.once1.onceortwice偶爾;教材原句Onceortwiceshelookedintohersister'sbook.她偶爾看一眼歸納:twice作副詞,意為“兩次;Pleasetakethemedicinetwiceaday.請每天吃兩次藥。once基數(shù)詞+times(次)”來表示。如:fivetimes意為“五次”,tentimes一次”表示為“onceamonth”,中間不用介詞“threetimesadayTheygoshoppingonceaweek.twice，once，sometimes,seldom,usually,never詞提問時用how-Howoftendoyouplaycomputergames?-Twiceaweek.2.think2.thinkabout教材原句Whileshewasfalling,shewasthinkingabouthercat,Dinah.當(dāng)歸納thinkabout意為“考慮”,后面可接名詞、代詞或動詞-ing形式,該短語作“考慮”講時,可以和thinkofSheisthinkingabout/ofgoingtoBeijingforaholiday.她正在考慮去北京1.1.Alicegotupandranacrossthefieldafterit.歸納：runacross意為“跑過”,across意為“穿過”,表示動作是在某個物體的表面進(jìn)行的,常和表示“走”之類的動詞(如walk,run,fly,jump等)連用。acrosscross,go/walkYoumustbecarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.=Youmustbecarefulwhenyougo/walkacrossthestreet.過馬路時,你必須要小心。through是介詞,也指“穿過”,但它表示的動作是在某一物體的立體Theballwentthroughthewindowintotheroom.這個球穿過窗戶飛進(jìn)過去進(jìn)行時(一thismorning,thewholemorningalldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastnight否定句:主語+was/were+not+v.-ing十其他.特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞十was/were十主語+v.-ing+其他Hewascookingdinnerthistimeyesterday.昨天這個時候他正在做晚飯。Hewasn'tcookingdinnerthistimeyesterday.昨天這個時候他沒在做晚Washecookingdinnerthistimeyesterday?昨天這個時候他在做晚飯Whatwashedoingthistimeyesterday?八上M81.appear1.appearv.出現(xiàn);教材原句..acarsuddenlyappearedroundthecorner.……一輛小汽車歸納：appear作動詞,意為“出現(xiàn);顯露”,disappear,意為Theircarsdroveawayanddisappeared.他們的汽車開走了,拓展appear還可以表示“似乎,看起來”,seem,其后可接appear強(qiáng)調(diào)外表給人的印象,Thisappearstobeatruestory.2.hide2.hidev.躲;教材原句Itclimbedoutandhidsomewhere.它爬出來,hidesthfromsb.例:Sheneverhidesanythingfromme.1.pay1.payattention注意;教材原句Payattentionstopattheredlights...注意，在紅燈處要停下歸納：attention是不可數(shù)名詞，意為“注意力”。常用短語:payattentionto意為“注意，留心……”;2.sidebysidepaynoattentionto意為“沒注意……”。to2.sidebyside教材原句Don'tridesidebysidewithyourfriends.不要和你的朋友們并歸納：side作名詞,意為“(物體或形狀的)側(cè)面”。sidebyside,意為“并排地;肩并肩地”。拓展：sidebyside是由“名詞十介詞+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語,類似構(gòu)成的短語還有:arminarm意為“臂挽臂”;handinhand意為“手牽手”;facetoface意為“面對面”。1.1.Thecarstoppedjustintime,buttheboyoffhisbikeandhurthisknee.汽車恰好及時停了下來,歸納(1).falloff意為“從……跌落”。由fall構(gòu)成的常用短語還有:fallbehind意為“落后”;fallinlovewith意為“愛上”;fallasleep意為(2intime意為“及時”“及時做某事”可以用“intimetodosth”Ifwedon'thurryup,wewon'tbeintimetocatchthetrain.要是我們不辨析intimeon(1intime表示“及時”,Theywerejustintimeforthebus.他們正好趕上了公交車。(2).ontime表示“準(zhǔn)時,按時”,指正好在約定的時間發(fā)生。2.The2.Thetraincameontime.火車正點到站。Iwastryingtopickitupitbitmeagain.我正試圖撿起它(那條蛇)時,突然它(蛇)歸納:“主語+bedoingsth.+when引導(dǎo)的從句”表示一個動作正在進(jìn)行when,whileas引導(dǎo)的過去時間狀語從句連用構(gòu)成when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句既可以指時間點,也可以指時間段;while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語只指時間段,在when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中，動詞可以是終止性動詞,也可以是延續(xù)性動詞;while引導(dǎo)的從句Theyarrivedwhilewewerehavingdinner.=Theyarrivedwhenwewerehavingdinner.我們吃晚飯時,他們到了。由when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句,如果主句用過去進(jìn)行時,從句應(yīng)該用Weweretalkingwhentheteachercamein，我們正在說話時,(突然)老Whileweweretalking,theteachercamein.當(dāng)我們正在說話的時候,老當(dāng)從句和主句的動作都是延續(xù)性的或同時發(fā)生時,while引導(dǎo)。例Theyweresingingwhilewedancing.他們在唱歌時,Module9Module9Thatcausesalotofproblems,suchastoomuchtrafficandnoise.這引（1）toomanycn.pl.太多的toomuch+un.太多的muchtoo+adj./adv.太toomuch可作名詞性短語，在句中作主語/賓語；e.g.Yougivemetoomuch.（直接賓語Hetalkedtoomuchatthemeeting.（狀語That’salmostonefifthoftheworld’spopulation,...那幾乎是世界人onefifth詞+se.g.Twothirdsofthestudentsinourclassareboys.我們班三分之二是第第PAGE55Threefifthsofthemoneyismine.Jo'sfamilylivesinoneofthose n.e.g.Hisfamilywereout. preparesth.準(zhǔn)備某物preparesth. 準(zhǔn)備某prepareforsth.=getreadyforsth.preparetodosth. n.make/giveareport作匯報writeareport寫報告 prepareareport準(zhǔn) increaseby增長了 increaseto增長（加）到e.g.Thepopulationofthistownhasincreasedto50,000.這個鎮(zhèn)上的人5萬。hangonhangup掛斷電 hangout閑cause(sb.)sth.（給某人）造成某 cause...todosth.導(dǎo)致e.g.DrivingafterdrinkingcausedmanyThecoldweathercausedtheplantstodie.寒冷的天氣導(dǎo)致了植物的死e.g.Wetrytofindthecauseoftheadj.當(dāng)?shù)氐?，本地的（n.前作定語 pl. environmentalpollution環(huán)境污染 短語：inpublic公開地，當(dāng)眾 cn.公共服 e.g.Thecityneedsbetterpublicservices.這座城市需要更好的公共服Theserviceisverygoodinthat e.g.Thehotelservesbreakfast.ManystudentsaskforadviceabouthowtoimprovetheirEnglish.許askforsth.asksb.forsth.要求某人給某物asksb.todosth.要求某人做某事e.g.Heaskshisteacherforhelp.他向他的老師尋求助TheteacherasksTomtocomeearlier.howtoimprovetheirEnglish構(gòu)成"疑問詞+動詞不定式(短語)"結(jié)構(gòu),abouthowwhat,who等后常接動詞不定式(短語),在句中作know,teach,understand,decide等動詞的e.g.Doyouknowhowtousethecamera?Wecan'tdecidewhattodonext.八上M10The1.cloud1.cloudn.云;教材原句Andit'scloudytoo.而且,歸納：cloud為名詞,其形容詞形式由“cloud+-y”構(gòu)成,即cloudy,意為Itwillbecloudyandsnowytomorrow.明天多云,教材原句Meneither.我也不(喜歡)歸納：neither用作副詞,意為“(某人或某事物)也不”,表示前面否定的Hedidn'trememberandneitherdidI.他沒記住,我也忘了。).NeitherproductismadeinChina.這兩件產(chǎn)品都不是中國制造的。(2).neither用作代詞時,表示“(兩者)都不”。Sherepliedtoneitheroftheletters.(3neither用作連詞時,neither...nor...,表示“既不……也NeithershenorIhavebeento1.from1.fromtimetotime有時;Therearestormsfromtimetotimeinsummerandautumn.夏季和秋季時常有暴風(fēng)雨。歸納:fromtimetotime意為“有時;間或”,sometimes。Wegoouttoeatfromtimetotime.我們有時去外面吃飯。類似結(jié)構(gòu)的短語:frombeginningtoend意為“從頭到尾”;frommorningtonight意為“從2.pareto/with教材原句InTexasandthesoutheast,itisusuallyveryhotandsunnycomparedtootherplaces.和其他地方相比,得克薩斯州和東南部地區(qū)compare意為“比較”,to或with連用,構(gòu)成短語“compareto/with”,...1.1.Notusually,althoughthisyearitsnowedquitealot.不常(although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,;although,就不能用but,但可以用yet或still。Althoughheisyoungyet)heisquiteexperienced.盡管他很年輕,但他辨析althoughalthoughthough意思相同,都可以作連詞，用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,although比較正式,though常用在非正式語體中。在倒裝句中,although,though。Inpoorhealththoughheis,hestillworkshard.雖然身體不好,2.2.IwishIwereinAustralianow.歸納wish引導(dǎo)的從句表示某種強(qiáng)烈又難以實現(xiàn)的“愿望”;hope表示可以實現(xiàn)或能達(dá)到IwishIcouldflylikeabird.但愿我能像鳥一樣飛。Ihopehecandothat.我希望他能做那件事。辨析hopehopewish后都可以接不定式hopetodo所表達(dá)的愿望是有可能實現(xiàn)的;而wishtodo所表達(dá)的愿Wehopetovisitthiscityagain.(表示很可Wewishtoexpressourwarmestwelcometoyou.我們愿向您表示最熱wish后可接雙賓語或復(fù)合賓語。wishsb.sth.意為“希望某人……”，wishsb.todosth.意為“希望某人做某事”;但hope后不能接雙賓語或Iwishyouhappiness.Hewisheshischildrentogotocollege.3.3.Comeonbettergetgoing!好了，走吧歸納(1comeon常用于祈使句,表示勸說或激勵某人做某件事;此外,Themoviecomesonateighto'clock.2.goinggoing,所用結(jié)構(gòu)是“hadbetterdosth.”,是“hadbetternotdosth.”,getgoing是“get+v.-ing”形式，該結(jié)構(gòu)意為“開始(著could,may,might等。意為“肯定,一定”,可能性最大;can意為“可能”,可能性比could大;may意為“也許,可能”,might大Hemustbeathome.Hecan'tbeathome.他不可能在家。Hecouldbeathome.他可能在家。Hemaybeathome.他也許在家。Hemightbeathome.他或許在家。:possibleprobablperhaps,maybe等,其中perhapsmaybeItispossibletodosth.,Itispossiblethat...,“主語十willprobably/possiblydosth.It'spossiblethatitwillbesnowy.It'spossibletoswimacrosstheriver.Itwillprobably/possiblybecoldandwet.也許天氣會又冷又潮濕。Maybewecanaskforsomehelp.或許我們可以尋求一些幫助。M11Wayof教材原句ButbackintheUS,weopenagiftimmediately.但是在美國,我atonce或right2.accept2.acceptv.收受;教材原句InChina,youacceptagiftwithbothhands.在中國,你們用雙歸納：accept作動詞,意為“收受;接受Charlieaccepted2,000dollarsasarewardhappily.2000辨析receive表示客觀上“收到”,3.differencen.差別;Shereceivedalotofmoneyyesterday,butshedidn't3.differencen.差別;教材原句Inoticedanotherdifference.歸納：difference是名詞,意為“差別;常用搭配有makeadifference,意為“產(chǎn)生影響;其形容詞形式是different,bedifferent1.for1.forexample教材原句Forexampleinmyhometownpeoplesayyoumustn'tdoanycleaningonthefirstdayoftheSpringFestival.例如,在我的家鄉(xiāng),人們禁forHe，forexample,isagoodstudent.例如,suchas也作“例如”講,用來列舉同類人或事物中的幾個例子,通SomeoftheEuropeanlanguagescomefromLatin,suchasFrench,ItalianandSpanish.有些歐洲語言來源于拉丁語,例如法語、意大利語和西班2.notice2.noticesbdosth.教材原句OnceInoticedagentlemantouchayoungmanonthenoticesb.dosth.意為“注意到某人做了某事”,指動作發(fā)生的全過程;noticesbdoingsth.Ino