2021-2022學(xué)年陜西省延安市黃龍縣中學(xué)高二（上）第一次月考英語試卷（附答案詳解）

202L2022學(xué)年陜西省延安市黃龍縣中學(xué)高二（上）第一次月考

英語試卷

Washington,D.C.BicycleTours

ChenyBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

DurationTour

Thissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytosecaworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersof

Washington.D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonuments

wheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability-thecherryblossoms-disappear!

WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour

Duration：3hours(4miles)

Joinaguidedbike(ourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumenisinWashington,D.C.Explore

(hemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateach

stop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.

CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

Duration：3hours

MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingto

experienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.Knowledgeableguideswill

entertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials?and

parks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路線)makeeyelingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.

WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour

Duration：3hours(7miles)

JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.Getupclose

tothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequent

stopsarcmadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,

andbottledwater.Allridersarcequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.

1.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?

A.CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

B.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.

C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,

D.C.D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.

2.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?

A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Gotoanationalpark.

C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.D.Enjoyinterestingstories.

3.Whichof（hefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?

A.Citymaps.B.Cameras.C.Meals.D.Safetylights.

B

Somepeopleareluckyenoughtobebomwithagoodsenseofdirectionandeveniftheyhavejustvisited

aplaceonce,theywillbeabletofinditagainyearslater.

IamoneofthoseunfortunatepeoplewhohaveaverypoorsenseofdirectionandImayhavevisiteda

placetimeaftertimebutIstillmanagetogetlostonmywaythere.

WhenIwasyoungIwassoshythatIneverdaredtoaskcompletestrangersthewayandsoIusedto

wanderroundincirclesandhopedthatbysomechanceIwouldgettothespotIwasheadingfor.

Iamnolongertooshytoaskpeoplefordirections,butIoftenreceiverepliesthatpuzzleme.Oftenpeople

donotliketoadmitthattheydonotknowtheirhometownandwillinsistontellingyouthewayevenif

theydonotknowit；others,whoareanxioustoprovethattheyknowtheirhometownverywell,willgive

youalonglistofdirectionswhichyoucannotpossiblyhopetoremember；andstillothersdonotseemto

beabletotellbetweentheirleftandtheirrightandyoufindintheendthatyouaregoingintheopposite

directiontothatinwhichyoushouldbegoing.

Ifanyoneeverasksmethewaysomewhere*Ialwaystellhim/herthatIamastrangertothetowninorder

toavoidgivinghim/herwrongdirections,buteventhiscanhaveembarrassingresults.

OnceIwasonmywaytoworkwhenIwasstoppedbyamanwhoaskedmeifIwoulddirecthimto（he

SunlightBuilding.Igavemyusualreply,butIhadnotwalkedonafewstepswhenIrealized（hathehad

askedfbrdirectionstomyofficebuilding.However,atthispoint,Idecideditwastoolatetoturnbackand

searchhimoutofthecrowdbehindme,asIwasgoingtomeetwithsomeoneattheofficeandIdidnot

wanttokeephimwaiting.

Imaginemyembarrassmentwhenmysecretaryshowedintheverymanwhohadaskedfordirectionsto

myofficeandhisastonishmentwhenherecognizedmeasthepersonhehadasked.

4.Theauthorseemstobeveryfrustrated（沮喪的）bythefactthat.

A.heispooratgivingdirections

B.heistooshytoaskfordirectionstoimprovehissenseofdirection

C.heisjealous（嫉妒的）ofthosewhohaveexcellentsenseofdirection

D.heisnotbornwithanadequatesenseofdirection

5.Theauthorprefersnottoaskthewaynowbecause.

A.heknowsmanypeoplearejustlikehim

B.hehasbeenusedtogettinglost

C.hefindsithardtotruststrangers

D.fewpeoplecangiveeffectiveinstructions

6.Anexampleisgiventoshowtheauthor's.

A.embarrassingencounter（遇見）B.successfulescape

C.poorsenseofdirectionD.stupidresponse

7.Thetoneofthestoryis.

A.helplessB.proudC.anxiousD.humorous

c

AmericanwriterToniMorrisonwasborninOhioin1931.Shev/asraisedinanAfricanAmericanfamily

filledwithsongsandstoriesofSouthernmyths,whichlatershapedherprose（散文）.Herhappyfamily

lifeledtoherexcellentperformanceinschool,althoughtherewasanatmosphereofracialdiscrimination

（種族歧視）inthesociety.

Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Morrisonstartedtoworkasateacherandgotmarriedin1958.Severalyears

later,hermarriagebegantofail.Forashorttermescape,shejoinedasmallwriters'group,inwhicheach

memberwasrequiredtobringastoryorpoemfordiscussion.Shewroteastorybasedonthelifeofagirl

sheknewinchildhoodwhohadprayedtoGodforblueeyes.Thestorywaswellreceivedby（hegroup?

butthensheputitaway?thinkingshewasdonewithit.

In1964,Morrisonendedhermarriageanddevotedherselftowriting.Oncday,shedustedoffthestoryshe

hadwrittenforthewriters'groupanddecidedtomakeitintoanovel.Shedrewonhermemoriesfrom

childhoodandexpandeduponthemusingherimaginationsothatthecharactersdevelopedalifeoftheir

own.TheBluestEyewaseventuallypublishedin1970.

From1970to1992,Morrisonpublishedfivemorenovels.Inhernovels,Morrisonbringsindifferent

elements（要素）oftheAfricanAmericanpast,theirstruggles,problemsandculturalmcmory.InSong

ofSolomon,forexample,Morrisontellsthestor5/ofanAfricanAmericanmanandhissearchforidentity

inhisculture.Thenovelsandotherworkswonherseveralprizes.In1993,MorrisonreceivedtheNobel

PrizeinLiterature.SheistheeighthwomanandthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantowinthehonor.

8.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.ThelifeofblackpeopleintheUS.

B.ThelifeofanAfricanAmericanwriter.

C.ThehistoryofAfricanAmericanculture.

D.ThebirthoftheNobelPrizeinLiterature.

9.Accordingtothetext,whathadaneffectonToniMorrison'swritingstyle?

A.Racialdiscrimination.

B.Herexcellentperformanceatschool.

C.Songsandstoriesshelearntfromherfamily.

D.GoodandpeacefulatmosphereinOhio.

10.Morrisonjoinedthewriters'groupinorderto.

A.publishTheBluestEye

B.fightracialdiscrimination

C.becomeaprofessionalwriter

D.getawayfromherunliappymarriage

11.Accordingtothetext,whatisoneofthethemesinMorrison'sworks?

A.AnAfricanAmericanman'ssearchforidentity.

B.DivorcedblackwomeninAmericansociety.

C.SongsandstoriesofAfricanAmericansinOhio.

D.HistoryofAfricanAmericansfromthe1970slothe1990s.

D

Self-drivingcarsmightmakeyourfuturetravelalotmorepleasant,buttheywon'treduce（緩解）traffic.

Carproducershavementionedthattrafficreductionisoneofthemanyadvantagesofhavingself-driving

carsontheroad.Theideaisthatself-drivingcarswillreduceaccidentscausedbyhumanmistakes.But

expertssayself-drivingcars'influenceontrafficwillprobablybebad.

LewFulton,aco-directoratUCDavis'InstituteofTransportationStudies（ITS）,saidthatself-driving

carswon'tfixtrafficproblemsunlessapricingsystemispulinplacethatdiscouragesself-drivingcars.For

example,manycompaniesareinterestedinprogrammingself-drivingcarslodosomething,whichcould

increasetrafficontheroad,Fultonsaid.

Massachusettslawmakershavealreadysuggestedintroducingalax（稅）ondriverlesscars.Itcallsfor

alleast$0.025permile.

Trafficjams（堵塞）couldalsoworsenascompanieslikeLucidMotorstrytoproduceself-drivingcars

withrecliningscats（可躺座椅）.Peoplemaychoosetolivefartheroutsideofcitiesiftheycantravel

incarsthatallowthemlosleepandrelax.But（hatincreases（henumberofpeopletravellinginandoutof

citiesduringrushhour,Fultonsaid.

Withoutthecostofadriver,Fultonsaidheworriesself-drivingUbersorLyftswillbecomesocheapthat

itwillbehardtopushpeopletochoosecar-sharingserviceslikeuberPOOL."Ithinkit'sgoingtotake

somekindofpricingsystem（hutdiscouragescarswithoutasinglepassenger,"hesaid.

Somecitieshavealreadystartedprogrammesthatdiscouragepeoplefromtakingcartripsalone.For

example,ChicagoandNewYorkCityhavesetuplanes(車道)thatsingle-passengercarsmustpaysome

moneytouse.Thatmoneyincreasesduringrushhour.

12.Whatdocarproducersthinkofself-drivingcars?

A.Theyaresafe.B.Theyarefast.

C.I'hcysavebuyersmonsy.D.Theyincreasetrafficslightly.

13.WhatdoMassachusettslawmakerssuggest?

A.Introducingataxoncarproducers.

B.Increasingthesellingpriceofself-drivingcars.

C.Pushinguptherunningcostsofself-drivingcars.

D.Callingfordriverstoavoidtravellingduringrushhour.

14.Whatwillhappenifthereareself-drivingcarswithrecliningseats?

A.Morepeoplewilllive:ncitycentres.

B.Peoplewillspendlessmoneyontransport.

C.Peoplearelikelytotravellongerdistances.

D.Therewillbelightertrafficduringrushhour.

15.What'sthebesttitlefor(he(ext?

A.Whatcarswillwedriveinthefuture?

B.Wherewillwe(ravelv/ilhself-drivingcars?

C.Howcanself-drivingcarssolvetrafficproblems?

D.Whyself-drivingcarscouldbeterriblefortraffic?

Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeedJWithsuchbusylives,itcanhehardtotry

andfindthetimetoworkout.(1)Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyordbeing

physicallyfit.

Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisahead

ofyoufortheday.(2)

Yourmetabolism(新陳代謝)getsaheadstart.(3)Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbe

gettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsfor(hewholeday,notinyoursleep.

(4)Studiesfound(hatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetter(han(hosewhoexercisedinthe

evening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouarcvery

excited.

(5)Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoices

throughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwantto

continuetofocusonpositivechoices.

Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemomings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyand

pushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.

A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.

B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.

C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.

D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.

E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.

F.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetobumcaloriesthroughouttheday.

G.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou'redoingitnowdhenlistenup!

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.GH.H

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.GH.H

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.GH.H

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.GH.H

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.GH.H

WearrivedinSpainforthefirsttimeafewweeksago.ldecidedto(2l)acarbecausewehadsoldtheone

wehadinEnglandbefore(22)liome.Yesterdaythesalesofficerangustosaythecarwas(23)Ihadtriedout

amodellikeitbefore,butas1wasnotyct(24)drivinginthiscity,mywifedidnotwantmetocollect

it(25)sowewenttogetherto(26)it.Wepaidforthecarand(27)thepapers.Theytoldusthattherewas(28)

petrol(汽油)lotakeustoagarage,wherewecouldfillup.Tlie(29)garagetotheofficewasabout100

yardsawayandwegotthere(30).ButwhenIturnedintothemainroadIsuddenlysawalotofcars

racing(31)me.Igotoutof(32)asfastasIcouldbybackingintothegaragc(33)andthemanbchind(34)me.

"It'ssuchaproblemto(35)todriveontherightside,isn'tit?"mywifesaid."Yes,ifonlyIhadhadafew

lessonsfor(36)>"Ireplied."Youhadbettergo(37)onthewayhome,"mywifesaid."You'dbesorryif

youhad(38)onthefirstday,wouldn'tyou?"Whileweweretalking,(hemanbehindgotoutofhiscar

andsaidingoodEnglish,"Wouldyoumindtellingme(39)youarethinkingofleaving?(40)areyougoing

tositinyourcarallday?"

21.A.borrowB.driveC.buyD.choose

22.A.leavingB.makingC.returningD.getting

23.A.rightB.readyC.fixedD.sold

24.A.sureofB.satisfiedwilhC.interestedinD.usedto

25.A.onmyownB.rightawayC.inahurryD.on(heway

26.A.receiveB.bringC.orderD.fetch

27.A.acceptedB.wroteC.signedD.copied

28.A.littleB.enoughC.muchD.no

29.A.bestB.nearestC.quickestD.cleanest

30.A.latelyB.directlyC.safelyD.slowly

31.A.afterR.withC.aroundD.towards

32.A.theirwayB.thegarageC.theirsightD.thecar

33.A.atlastB.oncemoreC.asusualD.aswell

34.A.caughtB.chccrcdC.shoutedatD.chattedwith

35.A.prepareB.continueC.chooseD.remember

36.A.discussionB.adventureC.experimentD.practice

37.A.carefullyB.smoothlyC.quicklyD.differently

38.A.anerrorB.aproblemC.anaccidentD.aheadache

39.A.whenB.whyC.howD.what

40.A.ForB.OrC.ButD.So

41.It'scommontoseefooddeliveryworkersridingelectricbikesinahurrythroughbigcitiesin

China.Someofthemevenrisk⑴(run)redlightstodelivertheirmealsintime.However,such

carelessbehavioroftencausesseriousproblems.

Thereasonfortheriseofsuchacarelessbehavioristhatthereis⑵largedemandforfood

deliveryworkers,andmanycompaniesofferhighsalaries⑶(attract)newworkers.

Infact,fooddeliveryv/oikersareoftenunderhigh⑷(press)fromtheiremployers.They

facecompanyfinesfordeliveringfoodlate.Moreover,themoreorderstheytake,themoremoney

theycanearn,⑸leadstosomeworkerschecking⑹(they)mobilephonesforneworders

whiletheyareridingtheirbikes.

Whilemostcompaniesrequiredeliveiyworkerstofollowtrafficrules,itremainsaproblem

whethertheserequirementsandrulesare⑺(strict)obeyed.

Tosolvetheproblem,somecities⑻(take)actionsincelastyear.Shanghairequiredthe

deliveryworkers⑼(train)ontrafficrulesandsafely.NowinShenzhen,ifadeliveryworker

getscaughtbreakingtrafficrulesmorethantwice,heorshewillbebanned(10)drivingfood

deliveryvehiclesfbrawholeyear.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

⑸

(6)

(7)

⑻

(9)

(10)

42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文.文中共有

10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句最多有兩處.錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改.

增加：化缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(八)，并在具下面寫出該加的詞.

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉.

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞.

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞.

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分.

Theseday?peoplebreaktrafficrulesandlitteredeverywhere.Itdoesseriousharmwithourlife.I

thinkpeopleshouldmakeaefforttochangethissituation.

Asforhim,Iwillbeartrafficrulesinmind.IfIrideabike,I'llnevercrossaroaduntilthetraffic

lightturngreen.IfIwalk,Iwillforgettousethezebracrossing.Meanwhile?Iwillmakeitas

mydutytohelpkeepourenvironmentcleanorhealthy.Iwillhelpcleanuptheroadsidelitter

wheneverpossibly.Ihopemybehaviorwillmakeadifference.

43.假如你是一名高一的學(xué)生，請你根據(jù)下列表格中的內(nèi)容給21世紀(jì)報(bào)寫一篇文章，反應(yīng)你

們所生活的城市交通狀況，并給出自己的解決辦法。詞數(shù)100左右。

1.人們?yōu)榱朔奖愕教幾邉佣_自己的車出行；隨著私家車的增多，交通堵塞也越來越嚴(yán)

現(xiàn)重

狀2.經(jīng)常有道路正在修理中，使得有些路線更加繁忙

3.政府沒有為人們提供足夠的停車場所；噪音污染使得人們在工作或?qū)W習(xí)時(shí)心情不佳

解

決1.限制車輛的流入，鼓勵使用公共交通工具

辦2.拓寬道路，絕不允許在市內(nèi)鳴笛

法

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、D、D

【解析】（1）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章CherryBlossomBikeToui*inWashington,D.C.介紹

內(nèi)容，Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability-andthecherryblossomsdisappear!櫻花消失之前要提前

預(yù)定自己的位置.可知，如梟想要去華盛頓櫻花自行車之旅，應(yīng)該提前預(yù)定，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選A.

（2）D.推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章CapitalCityBikeTour介紹內(nèi)容，Knowledgeableguideswillentertain

youwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.知識淵博

的導(dǎo)游將為您提供有關(guān)總統(tǒng)、國會、紀(jì)念館和公園的最有趣的故事.可知，參與CapitalCityBike

Tour,你可以聽到有趣的故事，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選D.

（3）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章最后一段，

Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.所有騎手都配有反光背心和安全燈.可

知，所有騎手都配有反光背心和安全燈.結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選D.

本文屬于廣告布告類閱讀，文章介紹了華盛頓的四個(gè)騎行路線，具體介紹了他們從騎行時(shí)間，騎

行路線及注意事項(xiàng)等信息.

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對

未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事

例給以解釋.考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整r解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn).

4~7.【答案】D、D、A、D

［解析］（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Iamoneof（hoseunfortunatepeoplewhohaveaverypoor

senseofdirectionandImayhavevisitedaplacetimeaftertimebutIstillmanagetogetlostoninyway

there.（我是那些方向感很差的不幸的人之一，我可能多次去過一個(gè)地方，但在去那里的路上我還

是迷路了。）可知，作者方網(wǎng)感很差，他認(rèn)為那是不幸的，并為此感到沮喪。故選D。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中Oftenpeopledonotliketoadmitthattheydonotknowtheirhometown

andwillinsistontellingyouthewayeveniftheydonotknowit；others,whoareanxioustoprovethat

theyknow（heirhometownverywell,willgiveyoualonglistofdirectionswhichyoucannotpossibly

hopetoremember；andstillothersdonotseemtobeabletotellbetweentheirleftandtheirrightandyou

findintheendthatyouaregoingintheoppositedirectiontothatinwhichyoushouldbegoing.【通常人

們不喜歡承認(rèn)他們不熟悉自己的家鄉(xiāng)，即使他們不知道，也會堅(jiān)持告訴你路；其他人急于證明他

們非常了解自己的家鄉(xiāng)，他們會給你一長串你不可能希望記住的指示；還有一些人似乎無法分辨

他們的左右，最終你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你的方向與你應(yīng)該走的方向相反。）可知，當(dāng)他向人問路時(shí)，人們或

是不熟悉自己的家鄉(xiāng)，或是給你一長串你不可能希望記住的指示，還有一些人似乎無法分辨左右，

由此推測，很少有人能給出有效的指示。故選D。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段Ifanyoneeverasksmethewaysomewhere,Ialwaystellhim/herthat

Iamastrangertothetown（如果有人問我去哪里的路，我總是告訴他/她我不是本地人）可知，有

人向作者問路時(shí)，作者會假裝自己是外地人；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段OnceIwasonmywaytoworkwhen

IwasstoppedbyamanwhoaskedmeifIwoulddirecthimtotheSunlightBuilding.Igavemyusualreply,

butIhadnotwalkedonafewstepswhenIrealizedthathehadaskedfordirectionstomyofficebuilding.

（有一次，我在上班的路上被一個(gè)男人攔住了，他問我是否可以指引他去陽光大廈。我像往常一

樣回答）可知，例了?中被人問路時(shí)，作者仍然假裝自己是外地人；根據(jù)最后?段myembarrassment

whenmysecretaryshowedintheveiymanwhohadaskedfordirectionstomyofficeandhisastonishment

whenherecognizedmeasthepersonhehadasked.（想象嚇當(dāng)我的秘書把之前向我問路的那個(gè)人介

紹給我時(shí)的那個(gè)尷尬場面以及當(dāng)他認(rèn)出我來的時(shí)候他的驚訝吧！）可知，作者之前遇到的問路人

現(xiàn)在出現(xiàn)在他的辦公室，這是一件多么令人尷尬的事情、A項(xiàng)符合題意，故選A。

（4）推理判斷題。作者方向感很差，所以遇到人問路，他總是假裝自己不是本地人。根據(jù)第六段

中OnceIwasonmywaytoworkwhenIwasstoppedbyamanwhoaskedmeifIwoulddirecthimtothe

SunlightBuilding.Igavemyusualreply,butIhadnotwalkedonafewstepswhenIrealizedthathehad

askedfordirectionstomyofficebuilding.（有一次，我在上班的路上被一個(gè)男人攔住了，他問我是

否可以指引他去陽光大廈。我像往常一樣回答）和最后一段myembarrassmentwhenmysecretary

showedintheverymanwhohadaskedfordirectionstomyofficeandhisastonishmentwhenhe

recognizedmeasthepersonhehadasked.（想象一下當(dāng)我的秘書把之前向我問路的那個(gè)人介紹給我

時(shí)的那個(gè)尷尬場面以及當(dāng)他認(rèn)出我來的時(shí)候他的驚訝吧?。┛芍?，作者之前遇到的問路人現(xiàn)在出

現(xiàn)在他的辦公室.由此判斷，這個(gè)故事滑稽有趣.故選D.

本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了方向感很差的作者在問路和被問路時(shí)遇到的事情。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對

未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事

例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

8?11.【答案】B、C、D、A

【解析】（1）主片大意題。根據(jù)第?段AmericanwriterToniMorrisonwasborninOhioin1931.（美

國作家托妮?莫里森1931年出生「俄亥俄州。）第二段Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Morrisonstarted

toworkasateacherandgotmarriedin1958.（大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，莫里森開始教書,并于1958年結(jié)婚。）

第三段In1964,Morrisonendedhermarriageanddevotedherselftowriting.（1964年，莫里森結(jié)束

了她的婚姻,投身于寫作。）TheBluestEyewaseventuallypublishedin1970.（《最藍(lán)的眼睛》最

終在1970年出版。）和最后一段From1970to1992,Morrisonpublishedfivemorenovels.1970

年到1992年，莫里森又出版了五部小說。）In1993,MorrisonreceivedtheNobelPrizeinLiterature.

（1993年，莫里森獲得諾貝爾文學(xué)獎。）可知，文章按照時(shí)間順序介紹了非裔美籍女作家托尼?

莫里森的一生，故選B。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的

ShewasraisedinanAfricanAmericanfamilyfilledwithsongsandstoriesofSouthernmyths,

whichlatershapedherprose（散文）.（她在一個(gè)充滿南方神話歌曲和故事的非裔美國家庭中長大，

這些歌曲和故事后來塑造了她的散文。）可知，她從家里學(xué)到的歌曲和故事影響了托尼?莫里森的

寫作風(fēng)格。故選C。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Severalyearslater,hermarriagebegantofail.Forashort-termescape,

shejoinedasmallwriters，gro叩.（幾年后，她的婚姻開始走向失敗。為了短期的逃避，她加入了一

個(gè)小作家團(tuán)體。）可知，莫里森加入作家團(tuán)體是為了逃離她不幸的婚姻，故選D。

（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段InSongofSolomon,forexample,MorrisontellsthestoryofanAfrican

Americanmanandhissearchforidentityinhisculture.（例如，在《所羅門之歌》+,莫里森講述

了一個(gè)非裔美國人的故事，以及他在自己文化中尋找身份的過程。）可知，莫里森的作品的主題

之一是非裔美國人對身份的探索。故選A。

本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹了美國獲得諾貝兒文學(xué)家的女作家ToniMorrisono

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語

句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分

析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

12?15.【答案】A、C、C、D

【解析】1.A.推理判斷題.由第二段中的"Theideaisthatselfdrivingcarswillreduceaccidentscaused

byhumanmistake's.我們的想法是自動駕駛汽車將減少由人類錯(cuò)誤引起的事故.可知，汽車生產(chǎn)

商認(rèn)為無人駕駛汽車可避免人為的操作失誤，因此更安全.故選A.

2.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.由第四段中的"introducingatax稅）ondriverlesscars.Itcallsforatleast$0.025

permile,對無人駕駛汽車征收稅收.它至少需要0.025美元的終端.可知，馬薩諸塞州的律師建

議根據(jù)汽車行駛里程征稅，即提高汽車的運(yùn)行成本.故選C.

3.C.推理判斷題.由第五段中的"Peoplemaychoosetolivefartheroutsideofcitesiftheycantravel

incarsthatallowthemtosleepand,人們可以選擇住在城市以外的更遠(yuǎn)的地方，如果他們可以乘坐

允許他們睡覺的汽車，配置可躺座椅的無人駕駛汽.車會使更多的人住到離城市更遠(yuǎn)的地方，所

以人們行駛的距離會變長.故選C.

4.D.標(biāo)題歸納題.本文主要從無人駕駛汽車會增加交通流量和行駛距離來說明為什么它們從根

本上解訣不了目前的交通問題.D項(xiàng)作標(biāo)題最能概括文章主旨.故選D.

文章解釋了將來的無人駕駛汽車為什么沒有辦法解決目前的交通問題.

（1）閱讀理解考查類型：

1.主旨大意

2.文中細(xì)節(jié)

3.詞義猜測

4.推理判斷.

（2）文中細(xì)節(jié)的考查類型：

1.直接信息題

2.間接信息題

3.綜合信息題.1.直.接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目.

2.間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對原文信息進(jìn)

行轉(zhuǎn)換.

3.綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類題口所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或老是散落

在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章起義.1.According

tothepassage,who/what/whcre/which/when/why/how,etc.?

2.WhichofthefollowingisTrue/NotTrue/false/mentioned?

3.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectaccordingtothepassage?

16?20.【答案】G、E、F、B、A

【解析】（1）G.推理判斷題.根據(jù)空前的內(nèi)容

itisgoodindeedJWithsuchbusylives.itcanbehardlotryandfindthetimeloworkout."生活忙碌沒有

時(shí)間鍛煉”和空后的內(nèi)容”晨練除了身體健康之外，還能帶來其他好處"，下文

Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.接著列舉了晨練的

其他好處.由此可知，此處缺一個(gè)承上啟下句.G項(xiàng)中Ihenlisten?。。敲凑堊屑?xì)聽!）很好的起

到了承上啟下的作用.故選G.

（2）E.推理判斷題.根據(jù)上一句Exercisingmakesyoumoreawake（鍛煉能讓你更清醒］，E項(xiàng)

（你可以在運(yùn)動后保持頭腦清醒4-10個(gè)小時(shí).）是對上一句的進(jìn)一步解釋.故選E.

（3）F.推理判斷題.空前句子Yourmetabolism（新陳代謝）getsaheadstart.是本段的主題句,

晨練是新陳代謝的開始，空后句了?說如果晨練，則你會得到卡路里一整天都在燃燒的益處，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)

（鍛煉之后，你一整天都在燃燒卡路里.）是空后句子的根據(jù)，空后句子是對F項(xiàng)的進(jìn)一步延伸.故

選F.

（4）B.推理判斷題.此處缺一個(gè)主題句.空后句子

Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheev

ening解釋了早起鍛煉的人比晚上鍛煉的人睡得更好.B項(xiàng)(你的睡眠質(zhì)量提高了.)是對后面內(nèi)

容的總述.故選B.

(5)A.推理判斷題.據(jù)空后句子”Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikely

toslicklohealthyfoodchoicesthroughout(heday.(如果你在早晨鍛煉身體，你將更有可能堅(jiān)持健康

的食物選擇.)“A項(xiàng)(你的飲食傾向于健康.)符合本段內(nèi)容，是主題句，起到統(tǒng)領(lǐng)下文的作用.故

正確答案為A.

本文屬于說明文，講述的是早晨鍛煉身體的好處，可以提高工作效率，加速新陳代謝，改善睡眠

質(zhì)量和養(yǎng)成規(guī)律的飲食習(xí)慣.

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