2022-2023學年山西省朔州市平魯區(qū)重點中學高二（下）月考英語試卷（二）（含解析）

2022?2023學年山西省朔州市平魯區(qū)重點中學高二（下）月考英

語試卷（二）

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）

A

Springisjustaroundthecorner,butifyouaretiredofsunflowers,tulips（有K金香）andotherstandard

gardens,whynotheadtooneofthesemysteriousandwonderfulbotanicalgardens?

ButchartGardens.BritishColumbia,Canada

Oneoftherarestflowersyou'llfindatButchartGardensistheMeconopsis,otherwiseknownas（he

Tibetanbluepoppy.Themostimpressiveflowerscanbefoundintheborders,whereyou'llfindoverone

millionbeddingplants.Andalthoughthegardensarefamousfor（heirperennials（多年生植物）,300,000

spring-floweringplantsaregrowneveryyear,andover900varietiesofplantsaregrownforthesummer

gardensalone.

KirstenboschNationalBotanicalGarden.CapeTown,SouthAfrica

KirstenboschNationalBotanicalGardenisoneofahandfulofbotanicgardenstogrowonlynative

plants.Someofthemostpopularvarietiesincludethekingprotea.whichproducesenormousflowers

betweenautumnandsummer,andtheraresilvertree,asilky-leavedplant,whichexpertsbelievecould

becomeextinctinthenext50years.

DenverBoianicGardens,Colorado,US

OncenativetoSouthAfrica,theseoddly-namedflowersarefamouslydrought-hardy,makingthem

perfectforthispartofNorthAmerica.Thisgardenisoneofthefewtofocusondraught-toleranlplants

fromColoradoandthegrasslandsofAfrica,MongoliaandArgentina.Infact,Coloradoishometonine

speciesofendangeredplant,andseveralcanbefoundhere.

Arctic-AlpineBoianicGarden.Tromso,Norway

Visittheworld'snorthernmostbotanicalgardenandyou'llfindabreathtakingcollectionofplantsfrom

theworld'spolarandmountainousregionsincluding,intheHimalayaseclion,theraregiantTibetanblue

poppy,withitshugeflowersandmetre-highstem.You'llalsoseetheWilanderbuttercup,whichcanonly

befoundinthequiteterribleareasofSvalbard'sunforgivingicyislands.

I.Whichbolanicalgardenonlyplantslocalspecies?

A.Arctic-AlpineBotanicGarden.

B.DenverBotanicGardens.

C.ButchartGardens.

D.KirstenboschNationalBotanicalGarden.

2.WhichistypicaloftheTibetanbluepoppy?

A.Rareandhot-tolerant.B.Smellyandill-looking.

C.Largeandtall.D.Endangeredandcolorful.

3.Whatis(hepurposeofthetext?

A.Toanalyzethefeaturesofplants.

B.Tomakeanadvertisement.

C.Toprotecttheendangeredplants.

D.Tointroducesomefantasticgardens.

B

Womenhavebeenmakingscientificdiscoveriessinceancienttimes.TwelvewomenhavewontheNobel

PrizeibrScience,oneofthehighesthonorsintheworld.Somewomenscientistsnevermarried,some

workedwiththeirhusbands,andethersraisedlargefamilies.lthasbeendifficultforwomentobe

successfulscientists.

Intheearly1800sinEngland,MaryAnningbecameoneofthefirstwomenrecognizedforherdiscoveries

abouttheancienthistoryoftheearth.Maryandherfathercollectedfossils(化石)intheirvillageonthe

southcoastofGreatBritain.Fossilsarcpartsofplantsoranimalsthathavebeensavedinrocksfbrmillions

ofyears.

Whenshewasonlytwelveyearsold,Marybecamethefirstpersontotmdthealmostcompleteskeletons

(骨架)ofseveralanimalsthatnclongerexistedontheearth.Shedidn'tbecomefamousforher

discoveriesatthattimebecausesheoftensoldherfossils(ogetmoney(osupportherfamily.

In1891,ayoungPolishwomannamedMarieSklodowskatraveledtoParistostudyphysics.Shedidso

becauseshecouldnotgetacollegeeducationinPoland.Shebeganworkinginthelaboratoryofaman

namedPierreCurie.MaricandPierreCuriegotmarriedandmademanydiscoveriestogcther.Thcy

receivedtheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1903alongwithanotherscicntist.MaricCuriebecame(hefirst

persontobeawardedasecondNoblePrizein1911,thistimeforChemistry.MarieCuriewasoneofthe

fewwomenatthetimewhobecamefamousasascientist.

4.Theauthorbelievesthatwomenscientists.

A.havemoreopportunitieslobecomesuccessful

B.cannotgetihehighesthonorsintheworld

C.gothroughdifficultiestobesuccessful

D.hadbetterpaymoreattentiontotheirfamilies

5.MaryAnningwasoneofihefirstwomento.

A.wintheNoblePrizeforScienceaftergettingmarried

B.makeachievementsinthestudyofancientearth

C.researchanimalsandtheirbones.

D.studythemysteryofallkindsofplants

6.Whatdoes"herdiscoveries"refertoinparagraph3?

A.Animals.B.Plants.C.Fossils.D.Rocks.

7.WhatcanwelearnaboutMarieSklodowska?

A.ShestudiedphysicsinPolandandgotacollegeeducation.

B.ShereceivedtheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1903onherown.

C.SheonlygotoneNobelPrizeduringherlifetime.

D.Shemademanydiscoveriesaftershegotmarried.

c

Withinafewdecades,globaltemperaturesareexpectedtoclimbto1.5degreesCelsiusabove

pre-industriallevels.Andthat'sgoingtobereallybadforcorals,accordingtothelatestreportoutfromthe

IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange.

SotherecentIPCCreportsaysthatupto1.5wecanexpect10to30percentcoralsurvivorship.Andabove

that,itdecreasesshaiply.

AndreaGrottoliisadistinguishedprofessorattheOh沁StateUniversity.Amidthedoomandgloomofthe

IPCCreport,Grottolihassomeraregoodnews.Coralsmaybemoreadaptabletofutureconditionsthanwe

thought.

HerteamstudiedthreespeciesofcoralfromtheislandofOahu,inHawaii.Theyputthemintankswith

eitherheatstress,moreacidicwaterorboth.Andwhatreallymattersinthisstudyistheonewhereboth

increasesintemperatureandoceanacidification,becausethat'sexactlywhat'shappeningonreefsnow.

Twenty-twomonthslater,(heyassessedthewinnersandlosers.Theyfoundthatonaveragemorethanhalf

thecoralssurvived.Evenafterbeingpunishedwithwarmer,moreacidicwaters—(hekindthey'dface

undertwodegreesofglobalwarming,thecoralssurvived.Twoofthe:hreespecieswereactually

physiologicallyperformingnormally.Theyweredoingmorethansurviving.Theywerecoping.They'd

adapted.Theyweredoingwell.

TheresultsappearinthejournalScientificReporls.Grotiolisaysthestudyprovideshope.Theworld's

coralsmaybemoreresilient(hanwethought—especiallysinceoneoftheHawaiianspecies(heystudied

iswidespreadaroundtheplanet.

Butwill(hisgoodnewsmotivateworldleaderstocontrolwarming?Well,coralsmaybeabletowaitjust

alittlelongertofindout.

8.Whateffectsdoeswarminghaveoncorals?

A.Ithelpscoralsincrease.B.It'sbeneficialtocorals.

C.Ihelpscoralssurvive.D.Itdoesharmtoccrals.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"doomandgloom"probablymeaninparagraphthree?

A.Expectingthingstogowell.

B.Feelingsofbeinghopelessandpessimistic.

C.Almosttotaldarkness.

D.Anideaofwhatwillhappeninthefuture.

10.WhatcanweinferfromIhestudy?

A.Allthethreespecieswereperfonningnormally.

B.Thecoralscouldhardlystandthetestconditions.

C.Theresultsoftheexperimentwerenotsignificant.

D.Temperalureriseandoceanacidificationgohandinhand.

11.Whalistheauthor'sattitudetoiheresult?

A.Cautious.B.Ambiguous.C.Optimistic.D.Concerned.

D

TheFoodandDrugAdministration（FDA）hastorecalliiundredsoffaodseveryyear.Likecookiesnack

packswithpiecesofblueplastichidinginside,dressingandsaucecontainingsalmonella（沙門氏菌）

orvariousjamscontainingwithlead（鉛）

Itcantakeafewmonthsbeforearecallisissued.Butnowresearchershavecomeupwithamethodthat

mightfast-trackthatprocess,leadingtoearlydetectionand,ultimately,fasterrecalls.TheAIsystemrelies

onthefactthatpeopleincreasinglybuyfoodsandspicesonline.Andpeopletendtowritereviewsof

productstheybuyonline,whicharelikebreadcrumbs（包照）tofood-safetyofficialssniffing（嗅,）

outdangerousproducts.

Theresearcherslinkedfilafoodrecallsfrom2012to2014toamazonreviewsofthosesameproducts.They

thentrainedmachine-learningalgorithms（算法）todistinguishbetweenreviewsforrecalleditemsand

reviewsforitemsthathadnotbeenflagged.And（hetrainedalgorithmswereabletopredictFdarecalls

threequartersofthetime.Theyalsoidentifiedanother20,000reviewsforpossiblyunsafefoods,mostof

whichhadneverbeenrecalled.TheresultsarepublishedinJournaloftheAmericanMedicalInformatics

Associaiion

TheWorldHealthOrganizationestimates（hat600millionpeopleworldwidegetsickannuallyfrom

pollutedfood,andmorethan400,000peoplediefromit."Sohavingtoolsthatenableustodetect（his

alotfasterandhopefullyinvestigateanddorecallsfasterwillbeusefulnotjustintheU.S.butinother

countriesaroundIheworldaswell."StudyauthorElaineNsoesieofBostonUniversity.Shedidaddone

warning：evenrecalledproductscanstillgetfive-starreviews.Sostarsalonedon'ttell（hewholesickening

storyTheproofunfonunaiely,maysiillbeinihepudding.

12.WhatwillhelpFdarecallunsafefoodsfasterthanbefore?

A.Effortsoffood-safetyofficials.

B.Lotsofonlinereviewsofproducts.

C.Newmeasuresoffood-safetyofficials.

D.Onlinereviewsofthepollutedfoods.

13.Howdoestheauthorintroducetheprocessoftheresearch?

A.Bydescribingfacts.B.Bygivingexamples.

C.Byanalyzingdata.D.Bymakingcomparisons.

14.What'sElaine'sattitudetowardsfive-starreviews?

A.Tolerant.B.Skeptical.C.Ambiguous.D.Positive.

15.Whichmaybethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.AISniffsoutUnsafeFoods.

B.FDADetectsUnsafefoods.

C.AIHelpsFDAJudgeReviews.

D.FDADevelopsSystemofJudgingReviews.

二,閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共12.5分)

Dancingisnaturalandalmostanychildcandance.However,whydosomanypeoplefindithardtodance

whentheyreachtheirteensoradulthood?(16)

MostpeoplehaveheardthewordsDancelikenobodyiswatching."(17)Whenwe'relearningsomething

new,wehatehavinganaudiencewatchingoursillymistakes.Actuallyeveryoneelseistoobusyworrying

abouttheirownmistakes.Chancesarethatyou'renottheonlyonestrugglingwiththesteps!

Weallhavepatternsofmusclememory.Yourbodylikesdoingrepetitivemovementsthatitdoesnthaveio

thinkabout.(18)Yourbrainmayunderstand,butitcantakeawhiletodirectyourlimbstointerpretthese

newandunfamiliarmovements.Bepatientwithyourselfandunderstandit'sthewayyourbodyworks.

￡19)1fyou'veneverdancedbefore,thecomplexrhythmsandfastfootworkofflamencowouldbeabig

challengeasthefirstdancestyle.Ifyou'reinflexible,Iwouldn'trecommendstartingcoldwithballet.

either.Instead,dosomeyogafirst:ogetyourbodyusedtothenewdemandsballetwillplaceonit

Alackofrhythmisthebiggestobstacletolearningtodance.However,itcanbeovercomewithenough

praciice.(20)Thenlearniodancewhenyoubeginiofeel(hebeat.Dancecanbeaveryrewardingand

enjoyablehobby.Justbepatientwithyourselfandlearntodance

A.It'shumannaturetodislikelookingfoolish.

B.You'llbeabletodo(hemalmostwilhoulthinking.

C.Ifyouhavenorhythm,trytomasterdancestepsfirst.

D.Learningamusicalinstrumentisagoodwaytoleamrhythm.

E.Dancerequiresyoutomoveyourarmsandlegsinunusualways.

F.Theotherpossibilityisthatyoupickedastyleofdancethatdoesn'tsuityou.

G.TherearemanythingsIhatcanholdpeoplebackwhentheytrytolearndancing.

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共15.0分)

78-year-oldNoraLangdonspendsfourorfivedaysaweekattheRoyalOakGym,nearherhomein

Michigan.She(1)weightliftingcompetitionsforthreehoursatatime.Shehasbecomea(n)

(2)topeopleofallages.

Attheageof65,Langdondeterminedtolivea(3)life.In2037,sheweighedover210pounds

andoften(4)tocatchherbreathwhilegoingupthestairs.Sheknewitwastimefora(5)

."On(hefirstdayIstartedgoingtothegym,IwenthomeandtoldmyselfthatI'mnevergoing

backagainbecauseitwastoomuchforme,"LangdontoldGoodMorningAmerica."ThenIheardavoice

(6),Goback.'So,IwembackandhereIamtoday."

After(7)thegymandwatchinghertrainerprepareforaweightliftingmatch,shedecidedtotry

itherself.Shebeganwithaneasything—usingabroomasabarbell(杠鈴)before(8)changing

ittoarealbarbeli.ilwasn'tlongbeforeshediscoveredweightliftingwasherpassion.

AlthoughLangdonhas(9)twentyofherweightliftingcompetitionsandsetstate，nationaland

worldrecords,sheshowsnosignof(10).Hernextgoalistoliftoverathousandpounds,

accordingtohertrainer,ArtLittle.

"She'sreally(II)toihegym,tomeandtothewholeweightliftingfield,"LiUlcsaid."It'sa

(12)(oseewhatshe'sdoingatthatage."

Shewantsotherstoknowthatwithmotivationandstrong(13),anyoneofheragecangetinto

(14)."Youcanliveactivelyatanoldage."shesaid."Yourbodywasmadeto(15)

andyouhavetokeepitmovinginordertostayhealthy."

21.A.waitsforB.callsforC.appliesforD.trainsfor

22.A.inspirationB.challengeC.comfortD.warning

23.A.longB.happyC.healthyD.busy

24.A.attemptedB.struggledC.pretendedD.forgot

25.A.(ripB.breakC.changeD.chat

26.A.shakingB.jokingC.whisperingD.dropping

27.A.leavingB.joiningC.cleaning.D.visiting

28.A.secretlyB.instantlyC.eventuallyD.suddenly

29.A.researchedB.failedC.missedD.won

30.A.continuingB.respondingC.improvingD.stopping

31.A.friendlyB.valuableC.newD.familiar

32.A.pleasureB.shameC.conclusionD.pain

33.A.responsibilityB.determinationC.interestD.curiosity

34.A.debtB.troubleC.dangerD.shape

35.A.exerciseB.followC.appreciateD.relax

四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）

36.Youareonyourway(1)_____aconcert.Atacrossroads,youseeagroupofpeople,all

(2)(siare)aiitesky.Wiihoureventhinkingaboutit.youstareupward,(oo.Why?

Inthemiddleoftheconcert,someonebeginstoclap(3)suddenlythewholeroomjoins

in.Youdo,too.Why?

Sometimessocialproofdeteririnesthatpeoplefeel(hattheyarebehaving(4)(correct)

whentheyactthesameasotherpeople.Inotherwords,themorepeoplefollowacertainidea,the

betterortruerweconsider(5)ideatobe.

Whydoweactlike(his?WelLinthepast,followingothers(6)(be)asurvival

strategy.Suppose(hatoneday5,000yearsago,youweretravelingwith(7)(you)hunter

friends.Suddenly,theyallranaway.Youwouldhaverun,too.Wearelater'generationsofthosewho

copiedothers'bchavior.Thispatternissodeeplyrootedinus(8)wcstilluseit,thoughit

offersfewsurvival(9)(advantage)today.

Socialproofis(heevilbehindmanythings.Theadvertisingindustry,forexample,oftenmakesuse

ofit.Therefbre,beskepticalwheneveracompanyclaimsitsproductisthe(10)(popular)

ofall.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(D

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、書面表達(本大題共2小題，共40.0分)

37.假定你是李華，你校英文報正在舉辦主題為“HowtoLiveaGreenLife”的征文活動，請你

寫一篇文章投稿。內容包括：

(I)具體方法：

(2)號召大家立刻行動。

注意：

(I)寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右：

(2)請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

HowtoLiveaGreenLife

38.OnecoldDecembermorning,IheardrainwaterdroppingdownfromtheroofasIopenedthe

doorofthehomelessshelterIworkedin.Ihurriedtoplacebuckets(桶)on(hefloor.Theshelterwas

inpoorcondition.Butstill,itprovidedaplaceforthehomelesstocomeinsideandhavecoffee,abrief

escapefromtheDecemberwinds.

Rules(herewerefew；mostoftheminplacetomaintainpeaceandcleanliness.Onerulewas：Ifyou

lefttheshelter,youtookyourthingswithyou.Onthiscold,wetDecemberday,ahandfulofpeople

walkedinandout.Mostpeoplestayedinthelocalbusstationacrossthestreetwhereitwaswarmer

anddrier,butitwasverycrowded.ltwasasadday.Mycoworkercalledinsick,leavingmethere

alonefrom8a.m.to5p.m.

Iwalkedaroundinsidetheshelter,wishingtohaveitrepairedtooflerhomelesspersonsabetterplace

torest.ButIdidn'thaveenoughnioney.ltwasdiscouraging.Duringthelunchtime,Ijustdidn'twant

toealanythingwhenseeingtheshelter'spoorcondition.

AhomelesspersonnamedMaiysatonthewell-wornsofa,countingherfewcoins.Ifeltsorryfbrthe

unluckylady.Shesaid,"Iknowit'sagainsttherules,butcanIleavemybagherefbrfiveminutes?

I'mjustgoingovertothebusstationandI'llberightback."Iagreed,remindingherthatshehadto

returnforherbag.

Marycamebackwithinminutesandsetahamburgerboxonthedeskinfrontofme,"Here,"she

said."Youcan'tbeherealonealldayanddon'teatanything."Thenshetookoutanorangefroma

pocketofheroldcoat,andadded,"TheygavemetwothismorningbeforeIleftthenight

shelter.Youlakeone"

注意:

(1)續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右:

(2)請按如下格式在答題卜的相應位置作答。

Thenshepultheorangeonthedesk.

Idecidediowritedowntheheart-warmingstoryandpostediionline.

答案和解析

1?3.【答案】D、C、D

【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了世界各國幾處神秘而美妙的植物園。

1.根據(jù)KirstenboschNationalBotanicalGarden,CapeTown,SouthAfrica中的KirstenboschNational

BotanicalGardenisoneofahandfulofbotanicgardenstogrowonlynativeplants.（Kirstenbosch國家

植物園是少數(shù)幾個只種植本土植物的植物園之一）可知，Kirstenbosch國家植物園只種植本地物種。

故選D。

2.

根據(jù)Arctic-AlpineBotanicGarden,Tromso,Norway中的Visittheworld'snorthernmostbotanical

gardenandyou'llfindabreathtakingcollectionofplantsfromtheworld'spolarandmountainousregions

including,intheHimalayasection,theraregiantTibetanbluepoppy,withitshugeflowersandmetre-high

stem.（參觀世界上最北的植物園，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)來自世界極地和山區(qū)的令人驚嘆的植物收藏，包括在

喜馬拉雅地區(qū)，罕見的巨大的西藏藍色罌栗，它有著巨大的花朵和一米高的莖干）可知，西藏藍

罌栗又大又高。故選C。

3.

根據(jù)第一段內容（春天就要來了，但如果你厭倦了向日葵、郁金香和其他標準的花園，為什么不

去這些神秘而美妙的植物園呢？）可推斷，文章的目的是介紹一些奇妙的植物園。故選D。

4?7.【答案】C、B、C、D

［解析］（I）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Somewomenscientistsnevermarried,someworkedwiththeir

husbands,andothersraisedlargefamilies.lthasbeendifficultforwomentobesuccessfulscientists.（—*

些女科學家從未結婚，一些與丈夫一起工作，還有一些養(yǎng)育了大家庭。女性很難成為成功的科學

家。）可知，作者認為女科學家要克服困難才能成為成功的科學家。故選C項。

（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Intheearly1800sinEngland,MaryAnningbecameoneofthefirst

womenrecognizedforherdiscoveriesabouttheancienthistoryoftheearth.（在19世紀早期的英國，

瑪麗?安宇成為第一批因發(fā)現(xiàn)地球古代歷史而被認可的女性之一。）可知，MaryAnning是最早在

研究古代地球方面取得成就的女性之一。故選B項。

（3）代詞指代題。根據(jù)第三段Whenshewasonlytwelveyearsold,Marybecamethefirstpersontofind

thealmostcompleteskeletons（骨架）ofseveralanimalsthatnolongerexistedontheearth.Shedidn't

becomefamousforherdiscoveriesatthattimebecausesheoftensoldherfossilslogetmoneytosupport

herfamily.（當瑪麗只有12歲時，她成為第一個發(fā)現(xiàn)地球上已不復存在的幾種動物的幾乎完整骨

架的人。當時她并沒有因為她的發(fā)現(xiàn)而出名，因為她經(jīng)常賣掉她的化石來賺錢養(yǎng)家。）可知，她

的發(fā)現(xiàn)是動物的骨架化石。A.Animals動物；R.Plants植物；C.Fossils化石：D.Rocks巖石°故選C

項。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段MarieandPierreCuriegotmarriedaidmademanydiscoveriestogether.

（瑪麗?居里和皮埃爾?居里結婚了，并共同做出了許多發(fā)現(xiàn)。）可知，在MarieSklodowska結婚

后，她和丈夫在科學研究鄰域有了許多發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D項。

本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了以MaryAnning和MarieCurie為代表的女性科學家的故事。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題，

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在

卜分有限的時間內運用略讀、掃嚷、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順

序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡，把握語篇實質。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案：而主觀判斷題考查的是對

文章的感情基調等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。

其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關信息

進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題，

在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關系，

研究細節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)發(fā)，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖

掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer,imply,suggest,

indicate等。

四、猾詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎，

猾詞是應用英語的重要能力，它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，

掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學會“順藤摸瓜"，通過構詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因

果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

8?11.【答案】D、B、D、C

（解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Withinafewdecades,globaltemperaturesarcexpectedtoclimb

to1.5degreesCelsiusabovepre-industriallevels.Andthat'sgoingtobereallybadforcorals,accordingto

thelatestreportoutfromtheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange.（在未來幾卜年內，全球氣

溫預計將比工業(yè)化前的水平上升1.5攝氏度。根據(jù)政府間氣候變化專門委員會的最新報告，這對

珊瑚來說將是非常糟糕的。）可加，氣候變暖對珊瑚有害。故選D。

（2）詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段SotherecentIPCCreportsaysthatupto1.5wecanexpect10to30

percentcoralsurvivorship.Andabovethat,itdecreasessharply.（因此，最近的IPCC報告說，上升

1.5,我們可以預期10%到30%的珊瑚存活率，在此之上，它急劇下降。）可知，IPCC的報告充

滿了絕望和悲觀的感覺。故劃線詞意思是“絕望和悲觀的感覺"。A.Expectingthingstogowell

待一切順利；B.Feelingsofbeinghopelessandpessimistic絕望和悲觀的感覺；

C.Almosttotaldarkness幾乎完全黑暗:D.Anideaofwhatwillhappeninthefuture對未來會發(fā)生

什么的想法。故選B。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Theyputthemintankswitheitherheatstress,moreacidicwateror

both.Andwhatreallymattersinthisstudyistheonewherebothincreasesintemperatureandocean

acidification,becausethat'sexactlywhat'shappeningonreefsnow.（他們把它們放在有高溫壓力或酸

性水的容器中，或者兩者都有。在這項研究中，真正重要的是溫度上升和海洋酸化，因為這正是

現(xiàn)在珊瑚礁上發(fā)生的事情。）可和，研%中，溫度上升和海洋酸化是攜手并進的。故選D。

（4）觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Groitolisaysthestudyprovideshope.Theworld'scoralsmaybemore

resilient（hanwethought-especiallysinceoneoftheHawaiianspeciestheystudiediswidespread

aroundtheplanet.（Grottoli說，這項研究帶來了希望。世界上的珊瑚可能比我們想象的更有彈性-

尤其是他們研究的一種夏威夷珊瑚在地球上廣泛存在。）可知，作者對結果是樂觀態(tài)度。A.Cautious

謹慎的:B.Ambiguous模棱兩可的:C.Optimistic樂觀的:D.Concerned關心的。故選C。

本文是一篇說明文，主要說明了全球變曖給珊瑚生存帶來危害，在未來幾十年內，全球氣溫預計

將比工化前的水平上升1.5攝氏度。文章介紹了研究開展的過程以及結果的意義。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關語

句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案。

12?15.【答案】B、A、B、A

（解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Andpeopletendtowritereviewsofproductstheybuyonline,

whicharelikebreadcrumbs（包用）tofood-safetyofficialssniffing（嗅）outdangerousproducts.（人

們傾向于對他們在網(wǎng)上購買的產品寫評論，就像面包用食品安全官員嗅出危險產品。）和第三段

TheresearcherslinkedFdafoodrecallsfrom2012（o2014toAmazonreviewsofthosesameproducts.（研

究人員將2012年至2014年Fda食品召回與亞馬遜對這些產品的評論聯(lián)系起來。）可知，大量的

網(wǎng)上關于產品的評論有助于Fda比以前更快地召回不安仝食品。故選

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段

AndihetrainedalgorithmswereabletopredictFdarecallsthreequartersofthelime.Theyalsoidentified

another20,000reviewsforpossiblyunsafefoods,

mostofwhichhadneverbeenrecalled.TheresultsarepublishedinJournaloftheAmericanMedicalInf

ormaticsAssociation0（經(jīng)過訓練的算法能夠預測四分之三的Fda召回。他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)了另外2萬份

可能不安全食品的評論，其中大部分從未被召回。結果發(fā)表在《美國醫(yī)學信息協(xié)會雜志》上。）

可知，作者是通過描述事實來介紹研究過程的。故選A。

（3）觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段Shedidaddonewaming：evenrecalledproductscanstillgetfive

-starreviews.Sostarsalonedon'ttellthewholesickeningstory.（她確實補充了一條警告：即使是

召回的產品也可以獲得五星評價，因此，僅僅明星并不能講述整個令人惡心的故事。不幸的是，

證據(jù)可能還在布丁里。）可知，Elaine對五星評論持有懷疑的態(tài)度，A.Tolerant忍受的：B.Skepcical

懷疑的；C.Ambiguous摸棱兩可的：D.Posilive積極的。故選

（4）標題歸納題。根據(jù)全文內容可知，本文主要介紹了研究者開發(fā)了一種新的AI系統(tǒng)，通過網(wǎng)

上對產品的評論快速地篩選出不安全食品。由此可推知，A項“人工智能會嗅出不安全的食物”為

標題恰當，符合題意。故選A。

本文一篇說明文，主要介紹了研究者開發(fā)了一種新的AI系統(tǒng)，通過網(wǎng)上對產品的評論快速地篩選

出不安全食品。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關語

句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案。

16?20.【答案】G、A、E、F、C

【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文However,

whydosomanypeoplefindithardtodancewhentheyreach（heirteensoradulthood?（然而，為彳十么

這么多人在十幾歲或成年后發(fā)現(xiàn)很難跳舞呢？）本空此處應該是作出回答，指出很難跳舞的原因。

選項G.Therearemanythingsthatcanholdpeoplebackwhentheytrytolearndancing.（當人們嘗試學

習舞蹈時，有很多事情會讓他們望而卻步）意思相符。故選G。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文Whenwe'relearningsomethingnew,

wehatehavinganaudiencewatchingoursillymistakes.（當我們學習新的東西時,我們討厭讓觀眾看

到我們愚蠢的錯誤），可知，不喜歡看上去愚蠢是人類的天性，因此人們都會討厭有觀眾觀看自

已犯愚蠢的錯誤.選項A.It'shumannaturetodislikelookingfoolish.（討厭看起來愚蠢是人的天性）

意思相符。故選A。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文Yourbrainmayunderstand,

butitcantakeawhiletodirectyourlimbstointerpretthesenewandunfamiliarmovements（你的大腦

可能會理解，但需要一段時間來引導你的四肢來解釋這些新的和不熟悉的動作），句中的“hesenew

andu