2025年學位英語筆記

作文Englishinquiteafewrespectsisuseful,enough…“”內(nèi)的內(nèi)容或斜體字表達是作文題目。Differentpeoplehavedifferentideaswithregardton.名詞。Somepeoplebelieveargue/claimthat觀點(肯)賓語從句。假如作文名是一種名詞n.knowledge，就直接填上去。假如作文名是一種句子，例如：computerisimportant，就加thefactthat作文題。Computerinquiteafewrespectsisuseful(good)enough.Whilesomeotherpeopleholdastrong(認為)beliefthat觀點(否)定語從句。Computerisnotimportant.Computerisunimportant.Computerislessimportant.這種寫法最佳。Youareugly.Youarelessbeautiful.這種寫法要好。AsfarasIamconcerned,Iappreciate(agree)theformer’s(前者)idea.Thereareanumberofreasonswhichcanaccountfor(explain)this.遞進關(guān)系：論述時，最重要的觀點(原因)放在最終講。Inthefirstplace,reason1.inaddition(并且，此外),reason2andwhat’smoreimportant,reason3.小結(jié)論：ThereforeAsaresultAsaconsequenceAsaconsequence,小結(jié)論。Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,（綜上所述）Wecansafely（useful,vital）cometoaconclusionthat同位語從句。注：假如作文不夠3段時，一定要在第三段寫個OK或Yes,符合文體構(gòu)造也能得1至2分。怎樣把句子寫長：ComputerissoimportantthatitcanbeusedeverywhereespeciallyinscientificresearchforyoungpeoplenowadaysinChinawhoareinterestedincomputerscience.語法虛擬語氣與目前或未來事實相反If+S+did(be-were),S+should(wouldcouldmightmight)+do例：IfIwereyou,I(we)shouldstudyEnglishwell.省略If的話，就應(yīng)當將were提至前邊：WereIyou,I(we)shouldstudyEnglishwell.僅適應(yīng)與未來事實相反If+S+weretodo,S+should(wouldcouldmightmight)+doIf+S+should+do,S+should(wouldcouldmightmight)+do與過去事實相反If+S+had+done,S+should(wouldcouldmightmight)havedone例：Ifhehadn'tbeenillyesterday,hewouldn’thavebeenabsent.省略If的話，應(yīng)當將hadn't變成hadnot,現(xiàn)將had提至前邊：Hadhenotbeenillyesterday,hewouldn’thavebeenabsent.省略與倒裝必須同步進行：見1和3尤其注意主從句時間不一致，分別用各自的構(gòu)造。IfIwereabeautifulgirl,IshouldhavemarriedaJapaneseman.介詞短語Without=butfor(沒有)Withoutyourhelplastterm,Icouldn’thavepassedallmyexams.在從句中的應(yīng)用（主、賓、表、同、狀）S+should+do主語從句Itis+adj.thats+should+do(真主語)obvious明顯natural自然importantvital重要生命necessaryessentialimperative必要的必不可少的當務(wù)之急strangeodd奇怪urgentdesirable緊急的advisable提議的incredibleunbelievable不可信的賓語從句提議：propose,advise,suggest.表達“人”的單詞做主語，肯定是虛擬語氣；反之則不是。IsuggestthatheshouldspeakEnglish.可以用虛擬語氣Herpalefacesuggeststhatsheisill.不可以用虛擬語氣規(guī)定：desiredemandrequestRequirecommandrequestorderinsistItis+donethatS+should+do只限第2種裏講過的過去分詞中用虛擬語氣Itisrequiredthatheshouldcomehere.4和5.表.同n.①orderdesiredemand,command,request②proposal,advice,suggestion,requirement,insistenceMysuggestionisthatheshouldspeakEnglish.Thenews(內(nèi)容或含義)thatIheard(定)thathedied…Aprofessorgaveusanorderthatweshouldhandinourpapers.狀語從句lest=incase=forfearthatconj.Wehavetolearntocheatincaseweshouldbecreated.注：凡bedone(should+do)答案都是對的。①S+doItisstrangethathebe(省略了should)outmanager.對的Thathehas（shouldhave)acar.錯誤②S+bedoneItisnatural(bespoken)thatEnglishshould.③否認S+not+bedone三、1.wish(vt.)2.asifasthough3.ifonly4.wouldrather(寧愿)凡bedone(v)都是對的。S+doItisstrangethathebe(should)ourmanager.對的Thathehas(shouldhave)acar.錯誤S+bedoneItisnatural(bespoken)thatEnglishshould.否認S+not+bedone三、1.wish(vt.)與目前或未來事實相反：S+did(be-were)2.asif與過去：S+had+doneAsthough3.ifonly4.would(寧愿)ratherWewishwepassedoutEnglishtest.IwishmymotherhadmarriedanAmerican20yearsago.四、Itis(was)high(about)timethat早該做什么事了，不過沒有S+didItisyouwenthome.小書P99頁1A3C省略了if4B5B11C16B17C26D31B32C倒裝(部分倒裝)把助、系、情態(tài)動詞放在主語的前邊so+助+系+情+主語(肯)YoulikeEnglish.SodoI.Youwenthome.SodidI.Youareateacher.SoamI.Neither(Nor)+助+系+情+主語(否)Youdon’tlikeJapanese.NeitherdoI.So+adj.So+adv.倒裝SogreatisMr.Jiangthatheislovedbyanyoneeverywhere.※Onlycanyousaveyourselfintheworld.錯誤Only(狀語)注意only後邊必須緊跟狀語才能倒裝。Onlyintheworldcanyousaveyourself.對的Nosooner☆….than….(……就……)Hardly/scarcely☆….when….標五角星的地方規(guī)定倒裝：had+S+donethan和when後邊表達一般過去時。Nosoonerhadhepassedhisexamsthanhereceivedhisdiploma.否認意義的單詞或短語放在句首never,seldom,hardly,scarcely,barely,rarely例：NeverdoImissyou.Never,beforeNeverbeforehaveIcheatedyou.Little,nowhere,notuntil,conj.例：Notuntilshewas30,didshemakeherfirstboyfriend.atnotime,bynomeansonnoaccount,innocase/wayundernocircumstancesadv.決不(副詞)例：undernocircumstanceswillchinabethefirstcountrytousenuclearweapons(核武器).注：Ifwere,should,had,一旦把if省去，這個句子就必須倒裝。反問句Let’sgo,shallwe?Let’susgo,willyou?Sitdown,pleasewillyou?祈使句Hemust(is)beadoctor,Isn’the?HetoldmethattheywouldflytoJapan,?Didn’theB.didheC.wouldtheyD.wouldn’ttheyThereislittlewater,?A.isn’tisB.itC.isthereD.isn’tthere(句式一致)Heusedtoswimonceaweek,Didn’the?同hewenthomedidn’the主渭一致n(主語)+介詞短語名詞單數(shù)例：Aprofessortogetherwithhissixstudentsismakinganexperiment.A.areB.isNotonly…..butalsoEither……orNeither……nor均采用就近原則，看省略號後邊的，主語有幾種，就選幾種。例：NotonlyyoubutalsoTomandID.兩個主語，因此選DA．a(chǎn)madoctorB.amdoctorsC.areadoctorD.aredoctors3.Therichthepoor教員一類人(復(fù)數(shù))4.anumberofbooks/teachers復(fù)數(shù)Thenumberofbook/teacher單數(shù)5.時間、金錢、距離都用單數(shù)Tenyearsisshort.6.manyateacher(單數(shù)，第三人稱)ispoor.7.people,police,staff=personnel(全體工作人員)crew(復(fù)數(shù))everyteacherandeverystudentis以一種句子為主語的也是單數(shù)Whatyournameishasnothingtodowithme.情態(tài)動詞的完畢時態(tài)(時間—過去)musthavedone------反義詞---can’thavedoneHisfathermusthaverobedthebanklastweek.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.can’thavedoneItcan’thaverainedlastnight.couldhavedoneIcouldhavekilledhimlastnight.shouldhavedone改成否認句直接在should後邊加notoughttohavedone早該……ago.Youshouldhavebeenhere10minutes.Youshouldhaveplayedcomputergameslastnight.needn’thavedone不必Youneedn’thavemadesuchaninhumangirlfriend.形容詞與…..同樣(相似)as….as用于肯定句so….as用于否認句等立連詞：前後一致。adv.副詞注：倍數(shù)只能放在as的前邊。AspoorasyouAshardasVerygoodVerywellYouareastallasme.錯誤YouareastallasI(am省略了).對的YouareastallasIdo.錯誤YouareastallasIcan.對的YouaretentimesastallasI.單數(shù)：TheclimateinXi’anisasgoodasthatinLanzhou.復(fù)數(shù)：Thestudents…….A.itB.thatthan比較級(一種比其他的都…….)HeistallerthanCinhisclass.對的答案永遠是thananyothern.(名詞單數(shù))A.anyboyB.anyboysC.anyotherboyD.anyotherboys.themore……themore越……越……等立連詞as…as比較級thanThemoreyouwork,thelessyouget.Themoreshemakesup,theugliershebecomes.一種特殊的比較級Besuperiorto(介)-----beinferiorto比…..好=bebetterthan比…..差最高級(必須有對比的范圍，沒有對比范圍，就不也許有最高級)介詞短語as…as,例如ofallthedoctors.定語從句：例如Guilinisthemostbeautifulplace.ThatI’veevervisited.時態(tài)注：哪個是未來完畢時，哪個就是對的答案S+shall(will)havedoneWhoever只要有它，就是對的答案=anyone,who任何一種人共16個時態(tài)準時間劃分4個：目前，過去，未來，過去未來按動作劃分4個：一般目前時，過去進行時，過去完畢時，目前完畢進行時但凡完畢時態(tài)：所波及的時間單位肯定是2個。S+have/has+done目前完畢進行時：S+have/has+been+doing過去完畢時，在“過去”之前完畢的。相對時態(tài)：S+had+done(例如：在此之前，我已經(jīng)學習了3年英語了)※考得最多：時態(tài)呼應(yīng)(一致)1.時間、條件、讓步狀語從語用一般目前時，主句用一般未來時。Ifitisfinetomorrow,weshallgo.2.in(within,daring,over,for)thepast(last)ten(數(shù)目)years(復(fù)：表達時間)GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinaduringthepast30years.3.主語：is(am,are)thefirst(序)timethat目前完畢時.①Thisisthethirdtimethatyouhavecheatedme.②主語：is(am,are)theonly+n(單數(shù))that目前完畢時.YouaretheonlygirlthatI’veeverlovedinmylife.③主語：is(am,are)the形容詞最高級that目前完畢時.YouaretheclevereststudentsthatI’veevertaught.代詞Everyone----noone(反義詞，使用方法相似)1個，永遠不能表達人ofBoth----neither2個All----none3個及以上of對的如：forget----rememberAllofusAllofbooks名詞thenews=words,informationfactstatement,idea=beliefevidence=proof證據(jù)這些名詞假如放在句首，這一步的對的答案肯定是“that”,由于它是從渭語從句。A.threewomandoctorsthreewomendoctorsthreewomendoctorman和woman是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，必須和前面的數(shù)字保持一致，後邊的名詞也應(yīng)保持一致。boyfriends定語從句Therearemanystudents,Darepoor.A.someofthemB.someofthoseC.someofwhoD.someofwhom介詞賓格2.Heisthesame(先行詞)girl(人、物)whoyoulovedbefore.3.Thereisnothing(先行詞)thatismoreimportantthanknowledge.4.Chinhasalargepopulation,whichisknowntoall.先行詞假如出現(xiàn)such或sucha(定語),後邊就只能用as.I’llneverforgetthedaysBIspentinJapan.A.whenB.which關(guān)系代詞：who,whom,whose,that,which,as(主，賓，定)關(guān)系副詞：when,where,how,whyEverything,something,anything,先行詞是這些時用that.AllthatSpentmoneyTime小書P64：1B2C6BP66：21C18BP70：47B18BP107：2D4D5B8D9B10C11BP110:24C28CP113:10B11CP114:18AP115:22A大書：P121是往屆正式考題P122：16A18D一般目前時，S+or(otherwise,should,would,could,might)+do,否則Youareugly,orIshouldmarryyou=Ifyouwerenotugly.過去時,or(otherwise)S+should(would,could,might)havedoneHewasill,orhewouldn’thavebeen.Ifhehadn’tbeenill.情態(tài)動詞的完畢時Hemusthaveoverslept,orhewouldn’thavebeenlateforclass.P122:22題neither(Nor)P122:30題兩個答案不懂得選哪個時，選前邊的，對的率高。詞匯看哪兩個單詞尾部同樣，選前邊的。非渭語動詞：也是動詞，它的限制就是不能單獨做渭語。1.動名詞：Ilikereading(v.n.)novels.一種單詞既具有名詞特性又具有動詞特性的，叫動名詞。2.分詞：doing(adj.)形容詞可作表、定、狀、賓、補語。重點考分詞做狀語。Done(adv.)副詞IfindEnglisheasy.IfindEnglishinteresting.伴隨狀語②時間狀語③原因狀語二、時態(tài)和語態(tài)狀語(目的、成果)變否認全在構(gòu)造的最前邊加not.完畢時態(tài)被動語態(tài)doingbeingdonenothavingdonenothavingbeendonetodotobedonetohavedonetohavebeendone最?？嫉氖峭戤厱r態(tài)：當發(fā)生在句子渭語動詞前，要用非渭語動詞的完畢時態(tài)。Iamsorrytohavegivenyouuplastyear.動名詞動名詞做主語，只考一種狀況：It(形主)isnoise/nosense/nogood=useless=senseless無意義/worthwhile值得Mycoming(Tom’scrying)動名詞的復(fù)合構(gòu)造：假如變否認，mynotcoming.YourstudyingEnglish.Wouldyoumindmyopening(vt.)thewindow?使用類推法。Itisnosensehismaking(vt.)agirlfriendatcollege.動名詞做賓語介詞後邊都要跟動名詞，不能跟動詞不定式IamgoodatspeakingEnglish.動詞賓語Enjoy,finish,practice,mind,avoidSuggest,consider,risk,delay=postponeAppreciate,furry=imagine,involve,deny否認後邊只能跟doing，不能跟todo※注：?？嫉膸追N：forget,remember,regret這些單詞既可以跟doing(表達動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生)，又可以跟todo(賓語，表達沒有發(fā)生)。Irememberreturningyourmoney.已發(fā)生Iremembertoreturnyourmoney.未發(fā)生Iregretmarryingyousuchanunableman.已發(fā)生IregrettotellyouthatIcan’t,foryouarebothpoorandfoolish.needdoing(tobedone)Mycarneedsrepairing(=toberepaired).有些短語後邊只能跟動名詞bebusydoingbeused/accusetornedto(介)習慣于havetrouble/difficulty/indoingwaste/spendtimecan’thehelpdoing禁不住，忍不住動詞不定式1.have(get)sb.Dosth.sth.done※2.前邊是個句子或短語，被動語態(tài)todoHeissaidtohavebeenkilledlastnight.3.think/makeitadj.(forsb.)todofind/consider(形賓)賓補真賓IfinditeasyforustostudyEnglishwell.let,see,malce,watch,hearsb.Do(賓補)weoftenwatchchildrenplayfootball.Itis+adj.of(for)sb.Todosth.主語是人，形容詞做表語，那么形容詞後邊都跟of.Possible,necessary,hard，difficult這些跟forEnglishinhalfayear.Ihave(had,has)nochoicebutB.(跟todo)IcandonothingbutA.(跟do)A.stayhereB.tostayhere7.狀語動詞不定式做目的狀Wehavetolearntocheatothersinorder(為了)to(soasto)nottobecheated.做成果狀1.too….Todo太….以至于不…..Youaretooyoungtounderstandwhatlovemeans.2.onlytodo表達出人意料的成果Hehurriedtotheclassroomonlytoseethathisgirlfriendwasbeingkissedbyanotherboy.1.伴隨狀語Heoftensitsinclassdreaming.Weoftenlieinbedreadingnovels.同一種人發(fā)出來的動作，規(guī)定保持一致。2.時間狀語Ifeelnervous,answeringyourquestions.WhenIanswer.3.原因狀語Beingapartymember,youshouldservepeoplebyheartandsoul.考得較多的是分詞的獨立構(gòu)造：其特點是，句子中有兩個主語，兩個主語不一致，必須用兩個,用逗號隔開；分詞的獨立構(gòu)造中永遠不會出現(xiàn)渭語。Youshouldtakeyourraincoat,itraininghard.Shebeingugly,youloveher.Moneybeingimportant,weallloveit.小書P74頁3Boutof(=witheet)jobfashioncontrolorder4D6BP77頁24BP80頁52B57A58B強調(diào)句式Itis(was)+強調(diào)部分that.ItisEnglishthatwealllike.Itwasin1949thatPRCwasfounded.英譯漢和漢譯英以及作文一定不要空白，這樣好加分。漢譯英隨便抄一段差不多長的，英譯漢大書P122頁第17BI’llkillyouifIam(isare)cheatedagain.省去了was/wetlyyou19C21D23C24B