河北省邢臺市2024-2025學年高三上學期1月期末英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河北省邢臺市2024-2025學年高三上學期1月期末英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AIntheUS,HickoryisagoodplacetovisitinNorthCarolina.Herearesomemust-doactivitiesforvisitors.KidsfestKidsfestinOctoberalwayshasloadsoffunthewholefamilycanenjoy.Andwhatmakesitone-of-a-kindisthatitrepresentstheyoungergenerationofHickorywhileinvitingtheoldergenerationstheretoguidethekidsintheirfun-filledway.Thisyear,KidsfestwillhaveaDJbackonthestageforseveraldays.Comeseeapettingzooandenjoyfreetoys,balloonanimals,facepaintingandmore.HeritageFestivalWithhundredsofartisansanddemonstratorsinperiod-appropriateclothing,HartSquareVillagecomesaliveinOctoberofits39thHeritageFestivalthisyear.Experiencehistorythroughcottonbalingandapple-buttermaking,allsettothetunes(曲調(diào))ofold-timemusic.Visitthefeaturedsite—oneoftheUSA’slargestcollectionofhistoriclogstructures,andenjoyyourselfinthisunforgettableevent.Murray’sMillHarvestFolkFestivalHeadtoMurray’sMilltocatchthisyear’s40thannualfestivalinSeptember.ThiseventcelebratesCatawbaCounty’sculturalheritagewithavarietyofexhibits,craftsmen(手藝人),vendors(攤販),activities,andmore!Checkoutthelinesofoldandvaluablecarsandtractors,traditionalfoodpreparations,andawesomelocalbands!Youwon’twanttomissthisfunfamilyevent.FallFestivalatHeritageValleyFarmSupportourlocalfarmersandjointhefunatHeritageValleyFarminSeptember!Enjoyacelebrationfullofanimals,foodanddrinkvendors,games,andmore!Stopbythepumpkinpatchtopickuptheperfectpumpkinforcarvingorpainting!Don’tmissthelivemusicorphotobusopportunitiestomakefunmemories.1.WhatisspecialaboutKidsfest?A.Havinglivemusic. B.Beingfriendlytofamilypets.C.Integratingdifferentagegroups. D.Showingcolorfullypaintedfaces.2.Whatdothefouractivitieshaveincommon?A.Theypresentculturalheritageinthesameway.B.Theybenefitthelocalfarmersandvendorsbest.C.Theyusuallydogoodforartistsandcraftsmen.D.Theyareavailabletovisitorsintheseasonoffall.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Atechnologyblog. B.Atravelwebsite.C.Afinancialnewswebsite. D.Asportseventreportwebsite.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要講述了美國北卡羅來納州Hickory的四個旅游景點?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Kidsfest部分中“Andwhatmakesitone-of-a-kindisthatitrepresentstheyoungergenerationofHickorywhileinvitingtheoldergenerationstheretoguidethekidsintheirfun-filledway.(使其獨特的是，它代表了Hickory的年輕一代，同時邀請老一輩們以充滿樂趣的方式引導孩子們)”可知，Kidsfest的特別之處在于它將不同年齡層的人融合在一起。故選C?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Kidsfest部分中“KidsfestinOctoberalwayshasloadsoffunthewholefamilycanenjoy.(Kidsfest在十月份總是有很多全家人都能享受的樂趣)”，HeritageFestival部分中“Withhundredsofartisansanddemonstratorsinperiod-appropriateclothing,HartSquareVillagecomesaliveinOctoberofits39thHeritageFestivalthisyear.(在今年第39屆遺產(chǎn)節(jié)上，隨著數(shù)百名工匠和演示者穿著符合時代的服裝，HartSquareVillage在十月煥發(fā)出生機)”，Murray’sMillHarvestFolkFestival部分中“HeadtoMurray’sMilltocatchthisyear’s40thannualfestivalinSeptember.(前往Murray’sMill參加今年九月舉辦的第40屆年度節(jié)日)”及FallFestivalatHeritageValleyFarm部分中“SupportourlocalfarmersandjointhefunatHeritageValleyFarminSeptember!(支持我們的當?shù)剞r(nóng)民，并在九月份加入HeritageValleyFarm的趣味活動吧)”可知，這四個活動都在秋季向游客開放。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“IntheUS,HickoryisagoodplacetovisitinNorthCarolina.Herearesomemust-doactivitiesforvisitors.(在美國，Hickory是北卡羅來納州一個值得游覽的好地方。以下是一些游客必須參加的活動)”可知，文章主要介紹了游客在美國北卡羅來納州Hickory這個旅游勝地的一些必做活動，故文章可能來自一個旅游網(wǎng)站。故選B。BAhighschoolmathteacheratSt.Mary’sAcademyinNewOrleans,MichelleBlouin-Williams,setaschool-widemathcontestwithachallengingbonusquestion.ThatbonusquestionaskedstudentstocreateanewproofforthePythagoreantheorem(勾股定理),afundamentalprincipleofgeometry,usingtrigonometry(三角學),whichhadbeenbelievedtobeimpossiblefornearly2,000years.InDecember2022,CalceaJohnsonandNe’KiyaJackson,seniorsatSt.Mary’sAcademy,steppeduptothechallenge.The$500prizemoneywasamotivatingfactor.Aftermonthsofwork,theysubmittedtheirproofstotheirteachers.Withthecontestbehindthem,theirteachersencouragedthestudentstopresentatamathematicsconference,andthentoseektopublishtheirwork.Amazingly,despitetheirimpressiveachievements,theyinsistedtheywerenotmathgeniuses.WhentheysetouttocreateanewPythagoreantheoremproof,theydidn’tknowthatforthousandsofyears,oneusingtrigonometrywasthoughttobeimpossible.CalceaandNe’Kiyahadstudiedgeometryandsometrigonometrywhentheystartedworkingontheirproofs,buttheysaidtheydidn’tfeelmathwaseasy.Asthecontestwenton,theyspentalmostalltheirfreetimedevelopingtheirideas.“Thegarbagecanwasfullofpaper.Ifthatdidn’twork,shewouldthrowitinthetrash,”CalJohnson,Calcea’s.dad,said.NeliskaJackson,Ne’Kiya’smother,saidthatmostofthetime,herdaughter’sworkwasbeyondherwork.Todocumenttheirwork,mathteachersatSt.Mary’sAcademysubmittedtheirproofstoanAmericanMathematicalSocietyconferenceinAtlanta.“Ourteacherapproachedusandaskedustoactuallypresentthis,”Ne’Kiyasaid.“Iwaslike,‘Areyoujoking?’Butshewasn’t.Sowewent,gotupthereandpresentedanditwentwell,anditblewup.LastyearwhenNe’KiyaandCalceagraduated,theyentereduniversities.Nowintheuniversities,they’vebeenworkingonfurtherproofsofthePythagoreantheoremandbelievetheyhavefoundfivemoreproofs.However,neitheroneispursuingacareerinmath.“PeoplemightexpecttoomuchoutofmeifIbecomeamathematician,”Ne’Kiyasaid.4.WhydidNe’KiyaandCalceatakeupthechallenge?A.Theyweretalentedinmath. B.Theywereattractedbytheprize.C.Theythoughtitwasn’tthathard. D.Theywereinspiredbytheirparents.5.WhatcanweknowaboutNe’KiyaandCalcea?A.Theydidwellinstudyinmiddleschool.B.Theywereaimingtomakehistory.C.Theylearntmuchfromtheirteachers.D.Theyhadsomeacademicfoundationaboutmath.6.HowwasNe’KiyaandCalcea’spresentationattheconference?A.Interesting. B.Complicated. C.Successful. D.Imperfect.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TwoStudentsSolvedA2,000-yearMathPuzzleB.TrigonometryCanProveThePythagoreanTheoremC.TwoGeniusesHaveProvenThePythagoreanTheoremD.ATeacherPushedStudentsToCreateNewProofs【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述新奧爾良兩名高中生成功用三角學證明勾股定理，解決近2000年數(shù)學難題?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“The$500prizemoneywasamotivatingfactor.(500美元的獎金是一個激勵因素。)”可知，這表明Ne’Kiya和Calcea接受挑戰(zhàn)是因為被獎金所吸引。故選B項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“CalceaandNe’Kiyahadstudiedgeometryandsometrigonometrywhentheystartedworkingontheirproofs,buttheysaidtheydidn’tfeelmathwaseasy.(Calcea和Ne'Kiya在開始證明時學習了幾何和一些三角學，但他們說他們覺得數(shù)學不容易。)”可知，Calcea和Ne’Kiya在開始進行證明時已經(jīng)學習了幾何和一些三角學知識，這說明他們有一定的數(shù)學學術基礎。故選D項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“‘Iwaslike,‘Areyoujoking?’Butshewasn’t.Sowewent,gotupthereandpresentedanditwentwell,anditblewup.(我說：‘你在開玩笑嗎？’但她不是。所以我們?nèi)チ?，站在那里，展示了它，它進展順利，引起了轟動。)”可知，這表明他們在會議上的展示是成功的。故選C項?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“ThatbonusquestionaskedstudentstocreateanewproofforthePythagoreantheorem(勾股定理),afundamentalprincipleofgeometry,usingtrigonometry(三角學),whichhadbeenbelievedtobeimpossiblefornearly2,000years.(這個獎金問題要求學生使用三角學為幾何學的基本原理的勾股定理創(chuàng)建一個新的證明，近2000年來，人們一直認為這是不可能的。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了CalceaJohnson和Ne’KiyaJackson兩位學生成功地用三角學為勾股定理創(chuàng)造了新的證明，解決了近2000年來被認為不可能的數(shù)學難題。所以A選項TwoStudentsSolvedA2,000-yearMathPuzzle(兩名學生解決了一個有2000年歷史的數(shù)學難題)符合文章主旨。故選B項。COver60%ofCentralAsiasuffersfromdesertification.RisingtemperaturesinpartsofChina,Uzbekistan,andmanyothercountrieshavebeenaconcern.Sincethe1980s,muchoftheregionhashadadesertclimate.However,thesituationhasnowspreadtowardnorthernUzbekistanandKyrgyzstan,southernKazakhstan,andnorth-westernChina.Mountainshavebecomehotterandwetter,makingtheglacierssmaller.Here,anincreaseintemperatureandprecipitationintheformofraininsteadofsnowhascontributedtothemeltingoficeatmountaintops.Therefore,glaciershavelessandlessice.Asaconsequence,lessmeltwaterflowstonearbyregions,causingwatershortages.DesertificationisalsoahugeissueinAfrica.Forexample,poorharvestingandincreasingbarrenlandscontinuetoplaguetheinhabitantsofEngaruka,Tanzania.InMauritania,adropinrainfallhasworsenedagriculturalproductionandhasleftmanyfarmersstrugglingtogrowenoughfoodtoeatorsell.Tosolvedesertification,variousmeasuresaretakenindifferentcountries.InNiger,localgovernmentshaveimprovedlandtorestoresoilfertility,whichhaspositivelyaffectedthecountrywhoseeconomyislargelydependentonagriculture.Here,thefarmershavebeenencouragedtofollowtheprincipleoffarmer-managednaturalregeneration.Thistechniqueinvolvestheregenerationandincreaseoftreeswhoserootsalreadylayunderneaththeland,encouragingsignificanttreegrowth.Thishasmadethesoilmoreproductive,improvedfarmers’income,andturnedthelandsgreenerthanbefore.VillagesinKenyaandTanzaniaarefightingdroughtsanddesertificationbydiggingtrenchesthatstorewaterwhenitrains,thuskeepingwaterforplantsandtrees.Someprojectshavehelpedfixsanddunesinnorth-westernChina.Oneoftheproblemsofdesertificationisthemigrationofsandsthreateningroads,villages,andfarmland.Dune-fixingisbasedonthestraw-checkerboardtechnique,whichinvolvesplantingstrawsofwheat,rice,andotherplantsinacheckerboardshapewherehalfisburiedandtheotherhalfisexposed.Desertificationcontroleffortshavealsobenefitedpeoplelivingtherebycreatingjobsandincreasingincomesbygrowingsand-fixingshrubspeciesandbuildinggreenhouses.8.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph1?A.ThereisnodesertificationinAfricancontinent.B.Theincreaseofrainhassolvedwatershortages.C.Themeltingoficeonthemountainsisagoodsign.D.DesertificationinCentralAsiaisworsethanbefore.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plague”inthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A.Amuse. B.Trouble. C.Shock. D.Puzzle.10.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Themaincausesofdesertification. B.Thevariouspoliciesadoptedbygovernments.C.Thedifferentwaysoffightingdesertification. D.Thenegativeeffectsofdesertificationonpeople.11.Whatisthepurposeofplantingstrawsofplants?A.Tokeepthesandfrommoving. B.Tostoppeoplegoinginside.C.Topreventanimalsfromcrossing. D.Tobuildsimplehousesforpeople.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文中闡述了中亞和非洲部分地區(qū)遭受荒漠化的現(xiàn)狀，以及不同國家為解決該問題所采取的多樣手段，旨在讓讀者了解荒漠化的嚴峻形勢與應對成效。【8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Sincethe1980s,muchoftheregionhashadadesertclimate.However,thesituationhasnowspreadtowardnorthernUzbekistanandKyrgyzstan,southernKazakhstan,andnorth-westernChina.(自20世紀80年代以來，該地區(qū)大部分地區(qū)一直處于沙漠氣候。然而，現(xiàn)在這種情況已經(jīng)蔓延到烏茲別克斯坦北部、吉爾吉斯斯坦、哈薩克斯坦南部和中國西北部)”可知，中亞的荒漠化情況比以前更嚴重了。故選D項?！?題詳析】詞義猜測題。第二段“DesertificationisalsoahugeissueinAfrica.Forexample,poorharvestingandincreasingbarrenlandscontinuetoplaguetheinhabitantsofEngaruka,Tanzania.(荒漠化在非洲同樣是個重大問題。例如，歉收和不斷增多的荒地，持續(xù)……坦桑尼亞恩加魯卡的居民)”表明，“plague”的意思應是“trouble”（困擾，使煩惱），才能起到舉例說明“荒漠化在非洲同樣是個重大問題”的作用。故選B項?！?0題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段的主旨句“Tosolvedesertification,variousmeasuresaretakenindifferentcountries.(為了解決荒漠化問題，不同國家采取了各種各樣的措施)”及后文對不同國家采取的措施介紹可知，該段主要講述了不同國家對抗荒漠化的不同方式。故選C項?！?1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Oneoftheproblemsofdesertificationisthemigrationofsandsthreateningroads,villages,andfarmland.Dune-fixingisbasedonthestraw-checkerboardtechnique,whichinvolvesplantingstrawsofwheat,rice,andotherplantsinacheckerboardshapewherehalfisburiedandtheotherhalfisexposed.(荒漠化的問題之一是沙子的移動威脅著道路、村莊和農(nóng)田。固沙是基于草方格技術，該技術包括將小麥、水稻和其他植物的秸稈以方格形狀種植，一半埋在地下，另一半露在外面)”可知，種植秸稈是為了固定沙丘，防止沙子移動。故選A項。DHaveyoueverwonderedwhatchickensaretalkingabout?Chickensarequitethecommunicators—theirclucks,squawksandpurrsarenotjustrandomsoundsbutacomplexlanguagesystem.Thesesoundsaretheirwayofinteractingwiththeworldandexpressingjoy,fear,andsocialconnectiontooneanother.Likehumans,the“l(fā)anguage”ofchickensvarieswithage,environment,andsurprisingly,domestication(馴化),givingusinsightsintotheirsocialstructuresandbehaviours.Understandingthesesoundscantransformourapproachtopoultry(家禽)farming,enhancingchickenwelfareandqualityoflife.OurresearchatDalhousieUniversityappliesartificialintelligence(AI)todecodethelanguageofchickens.It’saprojectthatissettorevolutionizeourunderstandingofthesefeatheredcreaturesandtheircommunicationmethods,offeringawindowintotheirworldthatwaspreviouslyclosedtous.TheuseofAIandmachinelearningislikehavingauniversaltranslatorforchickenspeech.AIcananalyzevastamountsofaudiodata.Ouralgorithms(算法)arelearningtorecognizepatternsandtinydifferencesinchickensounds.Thisisn’tasimpletask—chickenshavearangeofsoundsthatvaryinpitch,tone,andcontext.Butbyusingadvanceddataanalysistechniques,we’rebeginningtocracktheircode.Thisbreakthroughinanimalcommunicationisnotjustascientificachievement;it’sasteptowardsmorehumaneandempathetictreatmentoffarmanimals.Oneofthemostexcitingaspectsofthisresearchisunderstandingtheemotionalcontentbehindthesesounds.Aretheystressed?Aretheycontent?Byunderstandingtheiremotionalstate,wecanmakemoreinformeddecisionsabouttheircareandenvironment.Thisprojectisn’tjustaboutacademiccuriosity;ithasreal-worldimplications.We’renotonlyunlockingthesecretsofavian(鳥類的)communicationbutalsosettingnewstandardsforanimalwelfare.12.Whatcanbelearnedaboutchickens?A.Theyarecommunicative. B.Theybehaverandomly.C.Theylackemotions. D.Theytalkoddly.13.Whatbenefitwillchickensgetfromtheproject?A.Betterfoodquality. B.Fastergrowthrates.C.Bettercare. D.Enhancedsocialskills.14.Whatisahighlightoftheresearch?A.Revealingchickens’behaviours. B.Understandingchickens’emotions.C.Analyzingchickens’livingenvironment. D.Discoveringadvancedfeedingmethods.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.EnhancinganimalhealthwithAI. B.Thesecretofchickens’life.C.Unlockingchickens’languagewithAI. D.Thefutureofpoultryfarming.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章講述達爾豪斯大學用AI解碼雞的語言，了解其情緒，助力動物福利提升?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Chickensarequitethecommunicators—theirclucks,squawksandpurrsarenotjustrandomsoundsbutacomplexlanguagesystem.(雞是相當善于交流的動物——它們的咯咯聲、尖叫聲和呼嚕聲不僅僅是隨意發(fā)出的聲音，而是一個復雜的語言系統(tǒng)。)”可知，雞是善于交流的。故選A項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Oneofthemostexcitingaspectsofthisresearchisunderstandingtheemotionalcontentbehindthesesounds.Aretheystressed?Aretheycontent?Byunderstandingtheiremotionalstate,wecanmakemoreinformeddecisionsabouttheircareandenvironment.(這項研究最令人興奮的方面之一是理解這些聲音背后的情感內(nèi)容。它們有壓力嗎？它們滿足嗎？通過了解它們的情緒狀態(tài)，我們可以在對它們的照顧和生活環(huán)境方面做出更明智的決定。)”可知，通過這個項目，能更好地了解雞的情緒狀態(tài)，從而能給予它們更好的照顧。故選C項?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Oneofthemostexcitingaspectsofthisresearchisunderstandingtheemotionalcontentbehindthesesounds.Aretheystressed?Aretheycontent?Byunderstandingtheiremotionalstate,wecanmakemoreinformeddecisionsabouttheircareandenvironment.(這項研究最令人興奮的方面之一是理解這些聲音背后的情感內(nèi)容。它們有壓力嗎？它們滿足嗎？通過了解它們的情緒狀態(tài)，我們可以在對它們的照顧和生活環(huán)境方面做出更明智的決定。)”可知，這項研究的一個亮點是理解雞的情緒。故選B項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“OurresearchatDalhousieUniversityappliesartificialintelligence(AI)todecodethelanguageofchickens.(我們在達爾豪斯大學的研究應用人工智能（AI）來解碼雞的語言。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了通過人工智能來解碼雞的語言這一研究。而C選項Unlockingchickens’languagewithAI.(用人工智能解鎖雞的語言)符合文章主旨。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Inthedigitalage,peopletakemanymeasurestoprotecttheirprivacyonline.___16___Yourvaluableinformation,browsing(瀏覽)history,andpasswordscanbeeasilygotbyothers.Althoughgovernmentsaroundtheworldaretakingstepstoimprovethesituation,it'sstilllargelyuptoindividualstotrytopreservetheirprivacyonline.Herearesomeusefulwaystoprotectyouronlineprivacy.Usestrongcodes(密碼).Alongandcomplicatedcodethatcombinesspecialcharacterscanbethefirststeptowardssecuringyourselfonline.Itisrecommendedthatyoushouldnotusethesamecodeindifferentsocialmedia.___17___Install(安裝)aprivatenetwork.InstallingaprivatenetworkisnecessaryforthosewhoarefondofusingpublicWi-Fi.___18___Ifapersonmanagestohackyourdeviceoryourconnection,theycannotstealanything,asallyourinformationwillbeunreadable.___19___Thelessinformationyouexposetoothers,thesmalleryourdigitalfootprintandthelessdatacriminalscancollect,expose,anduseagainstyou.Don’tshareyourpersonalinformationonsocialmediaplatformsandchatapps.Avoidpostingaboutvacations,familymembernames,carandbankinginformation,schoolsyouattended,oryourbirthday.Updatesocialmediaprivacysettings.Ithasbeenfoundthatsomecompaniesareinpartnershipwithsocialmediaplatformstoexchangerevenue(收益)withpersonalinformation.___20___Youcanupdateyoursocialmediaprivacysettingssothatonlypermittedfriendscanviewyourposts,photos,andotherinformation.A.Shareaslittleaspossible.B.However,someofthemareoflittleuse.C.Don’tshareyourprivacywithyourfriends.D.However,thepowertosharepersonaldataisinyourhands.E.Also,trytokeepyourpasswordssecretandchangethemregularly.F.Aprivatenetworkcanmakesurethatnoonecanseewhatyou’redoingonline.G.Manypeopleconnecttheirpersonalsocialmediaaccountstothird-partyapps.【答案】16.B17.E18.F19.A20.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹在數(shù)字時代人們雖采取措施保護網(wǎng)絡隱私，但仍有信息泄露風險，同時給出一些保護隱私的方法。【16題詳析】由上文“Inthedigitalage,peopletakemanymeasurestoprotecttheirprivacyonline.(在數(shù)字時代，人們采取了許多措施來保護他們的網(wǎng)絡隱私。)”以及下文“Yourvaluableinformation,browsinghistory,andpasswordscanbeeasilygotbyothers.(你的有價值的信息、瀏覽歷史和密碼很容易被他人獲取。)”可知，這里表明人們雖然采取了措施，但效果并不理想。而B項However,someofthemareoflittleuse.(然而，其中一些措施幾乎沒有什么用處。)符合語境，其中However表示轉(zhuǎn)折，someofthem指代上文提到的manymeasures，很好地銜接了上下文，說明措施效果不佳的情況。故選B項?！?7題詳析】由上文“Itisrecommendedthatyoushouldnotusethesamecodeindifferentsocialmedia.(建議你不要在不同的社交媒體上使用相同的密碼。)”可知，這是關于密碼使用的一個建議。而E項Also,trytokeepyourpasswordssecretandchangethemregularly.(此外，盡量對密碼保密并定期更改密碼。)符合語境，其中Also表示遞進關系，進一步給出了關于密碼保護的其他建議，與上文關于密碼使用的話題緊密相連。故選E項?！?8題詳析】由上文“InstallingaprivatenetworkisnecessaryforthosewhoarefondofusingpublicWi-Fi.(對于那些喜歡使用公共Wi-Fi的人來說，安裝一個私人網(wǎng)絡是必要的。)”可知，這里強調(diào)了安裝私人網(wǎng)絡對于使用公共Wi-Fi人群的必要性。由下文“Ifapersonmanagestohackyourdeviceoryourconnection,theycannotstealanything,asallyourinformationwillbeunreadable.(如果有人試圖破解你的設備或連接，他們無法竊取任何東西，因為你的所有信息都將無法讀取。)”可知，這里講私人網(wǎng)絡的安全性，而F項Aprivatenetworkcanmakesurethatnoonecanseewhatyou’redoingonline.(一個私人網(wǎng)絡可以確保沒有人能看到你在網(wǎng)上做什么。)解釋了私人網(wǎng)絡的作用，承接了上文安裝私人網(wǎng)絡的必要性，同時引出了下文關于私人網(wǎng)絡安全性的進一步說明，符合語境。故選F項?！?9題詳析】由下文“Thelessinformationyouexposetoothers,thesmalleryourdigitalfootprintandthelessdatacriminalscancollect,expose,anduseagainstyou.Don’tshareyourpersonalinformationonsocialmediaplatformsandchatapps.Avoidpostingaboutvacations,familymembernames,carandbankinginformation,schoolsyouattended,oryourbirthday.(你向他人暴露的信息越少，你的數(shù)字足跡就越小，犯罪分子能夠收集、暴露和利用來對付你的數(shù)據(jù)也就越少。不要在社交媒體平臺和聊天應用程序上分享你的個人信息。避免發(fā)布關于度假、家庭成員姓名、汽車和銀行信息、你就讀的學?；蚰愕纳盏男畔ⅰ?”可知，整段內(nèi)容都在圍繞減少個人信息的分享展開。而A項Shareaslittleaspossible.(盡可能少地分享。)作為該段的主題句，準確地概括了段落的核心內(nèi)容。故選A項?！?0題詳析】由上文“Ithasbeenfoundthatsomecompaniesareinpartnershipwithsocialmediaplatformstoexchangerevenuewithpersonalinformation.(人們發(fā)現(xiàn)，一些公司與社交媒體平臺合作，用個人信息來交換收益。)”可知，這里說明存在個人信息被公司利用的情況。再由下文“Youcanupdateyoursocialmediaprivacysettingssothatonlypermittedfriendscanviewyourposts,photos,andotherinformation.(你可以更新你的社交媒體隱私設置，以便只有被允許的朋友才能查看你的帖子、照片和其他信息。)”可知，這里建議進行隱私設置。而D項However,thepowertosharepersonaldataisinyourhands.(然而，分享個人數(shù)據(jù)的權(quán)力在你手中。)符合語境，其中However表示轉(zhuǎn)折，指出盡管存在公司利用個人信息的情況，但個人仍然擁有控制信息分享的權(quán)力，很好地連接了上下文。故選D項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Oneevening,amanandhiswifearrivedatourhotelwiththeirtwograndchildren,aboyaroundtwelveandagirlaboutseven.WhenIaskedfortheman’sIDandacreditcardforthepayment,hegrew___21___.“I’mpayingincash.Idon’tneedtogiveyouanythingelse,”hesaid.Iexplainedthehotelpolicy,notingthatacreditcardora$150cashdepositwas___22___.Frustrated,heraisedhisvoice,accusingthesystemofbeing___23___tocashusers.Eventually,hethrewhiscreditcardonthecounter,___24___angrily.Thegrandchildrenstoodquietly,looking___25___.Laterthatevening,thelittlegirlsurprisedmebycomingtothedesk___26___,holdingaone-dollarbill.Thensheexplainedinashyvoice,“Mygrandpagavemethistobuybreadformeandmybrother.Iwanttogiveyoumybread.Please___27___hisrudeness.”Hersincerity___28___medeeply.Iknelttoherlevelandsaid,“Sweetheart,youdon’tneedtogivemeanything.Youcanpicksome___29___foryouandyourbrother,andI’llpayforthem.”Hereyeslitupwith_____30_____.Shecarefullyselectedafewitems,_____31_____me,andhurriedbackupstairs.Thenextmorning,asthefamilywas_____32_____,themanapproachedmewithanapologeticlook.“Sorry,”hesaid_____33_____.“I’vebeengoingthrougharoughtime.Ididn’tmeantobesorude.”Atthatmoment,Irealizedhisgranddaughter’ssmallactof_____34_____hadbridgedagapofmisunderstanding,remindingmeofthepowerofempathyand_____35_____.21.A.mature B.defensive C.grateful D.calm22.A.avoided B.questioned C.required D.misunderstood23.A.unfair B.legal C.unimportant D.common24.A.nodding B.arguing C.smiling D.complaining25.A.embarrassed B.puzzled C.satisfied D.excited26.A.hesitantly B.confidently C.rudely D.sadly27.A.bear B.forgive C.correct D.recognize28.A.hurt B.taught C.praised D.touched29.A.cards B.grapes C.snacks D.tickets30.A.fear B.doubt C.regret D.appreciation31.A.blamed B.ignored C.thanked D.interrupted32.A.leaving B.returning C.planning D.waiting33.A.coldly B.politely C.proudly D.cheerfully34.A.courage B.humor C.curiosity D.generosity35.A.kindness B.honesty C.patience D.discipline【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.A27.B28.D29.C30.D31.C32.A33.B34.D35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者作為酒店前臺，遇到一個態(tài)度粗魯?shù)目腿耍腿说男O女用她的善良和純真打動了作者，最終化解了誤會的故事。【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當我要求看這位男士的身份證和用于支付的信用卡時，他變得防御起來。A.mature成熟的；B.defensive防御的，戒備的；C.grateful感激的；D.calm冷靜的。根據(jù)后文““I’mpayingincash.Idon’tneedtogiveyouanythingelse,”hesaid.”可知，客人表示要用現(xiàn)金支付，不需要提供其他任何東西，說明他對作者的要求產(chǎn)生了抵觸情緒，變得防御起來。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我解釋了酒店的政策，指出需要信用卡或150美元的現(xiàn)金押金。A.avoided避免；B.questioned質(zhì)疑；C.required要求，需要；D.misunderstood誤解。根據(jù)前文“Iexplainedthehotelpolicy”可知，作者是在解釋酒店的規(guī)定，即入住需要信用卡或現(xiàn)金押金，這是酒店“要求”的。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他提高了嗓門，沮喪地指責這個系統(tǒng)對使用現(xiàn)金的人不公平。A.unfair不公平的；B.legal合法的；C.unimportant不重要的；D.common常見的。根據(jù)前文“Frustrated”可知，客人感到沮喪，說明他認為酒店的要求對他不公平，因為他想用現(xiàn)金支付。故選A。【24題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，他憤怒地把信用卡扔在柜臺上，抱怨著。A.nodding點頭；B.arguing爭論；C.smiling微笑；D.complaining抱怨。根據(jù)“angrily”可知，客人是憤怒地扔下信用卡，并伴隨著抱怨。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：孫子孫女們靜靜地站著，看起來很尷尬。A.embarrassed尷尬的；B.puzzled困惑的；C.satisfied滿意的；D.excited興奮的。根據(jù)后文“Please_____hisrudeness.”可知，孩子們感受到了爺爺?shù)拇拄斝袨椋虼烁械綄擂?。故選A。【26題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：那天晚上晚些時候，小女孩猶豫地走到前臺，拿著一美元鈔票，讓我感到驚訝。A.hesitantly猶豫地；B.confidently自信地；C.rudely粗魯?shù)?；D.sadly悲傷地。根據(jù)后文“holdingaone-dollarbill”可知，小女孩拿著一美元鈔票走到前臺，這個行為可能是她自己想出來的，因此她可能有些猶豫。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：請原諒他的粗魯。A.bear忍受；B.forgive原諒；C.correct糾正；D.recognize認出。根據(jù)前文“Mygrandpagavemethistobuybreadformeandmybrother.Iwanttogiveyoumybread.”可知，小女孩想用自己買面包的錢來彌補爺爺?shù)拇拄斝袨?，因此她希望作者能“原諒”她的爺爺。故選B?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她的真誠深深地打動了我。A.hurt傷害；B.taught教；C.praised贊揚；D.touched觸動。根據(jù)后文“Iknelttoherlevelandsaid,“Sweetheart,youdon’tneedtogivemeanything.””可知，作者蹲下來和小女孩說話，并告訴她不需要給自己任何東西，說明小女孩的真誠觸動了作者。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你可以為你和你弟弟挑一些零食，我來付錢。A.cards卡片；B.grapes葡萄；C.snacks零食；D.tickets票。根據(jù)前文“Mygrandpagavemethistobuybreadformeandmybrother.”可知，小女孩原本想用錢買面包，因此作者提議她挑一些“零食”。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的眼睛里閃爍著感激的光芒。A.fear恐懼；B.doubt懷疑；C.regret后悔；D.appreciation感激。根據(jù)前文“Youcanpicksome____foryouandyourbrother,andI’llpayforthem.”可知，作者提出為小女孩和她的弟弟買零食，因此小女孩的眼里閃爍著“感激”的光芒。故選D?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她仔細地挑選了幾樣東西，謝了我，然后匆匆跑回樓上。A.blamed責備；B.ignored忽略；C.thanked感謝；D.interrupted打斷。根據(jù)前文“andI’llpayforthem”可知，作者提出為小女孩和她的弟弟買零食，因此小女孩在挑選完零食后“感謝”了作者。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天早上，當這家人要離開時，那位男士帶著歉意的表情向我走來。A.leaving離開；B.returning返回；C.planning計劃；D.waiting等待。根據(jù)后文“themanapproachedmewithanapologeticlook”可知，男士帶著歉意的表情向作者走來，說明他們一家人要“離開”酒店了。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“對不起，”他禮貌地說，“我最近過得很艱難。我不是有意這么粗魯?shù)?。”A.coldly冷漠地；B.politely禮貌地；C.proudly驕傲地；D.cheerfully高興地。根據(jù)前文“themanapproachedmewithanapologeticlook”可知，男士帶著歉意的表情向作者走來，因此他說話的方式應該是“禮貌的”。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在那一刻，我意識到他孫女的小小慷慨之舉彌合了誤解的鴻溝。A.courage勇氣；B.humor幽默；C.curiosity好奇心；D.generosity慷慨。根據(jù)前文“Iwanttogiveyoumybread.”可知，小女孩想用自己買面包的錢來彌補爺爺?shù)拇拄斝袨?，這是一種“慷慨”的舉動。故選D。【35題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這讓我想起了同理心和善良的力量。A.kindness善良；B.honesty誠實；C.patience耐心；D.discipline紀律。根據(jù)前文“Hersincerity_____medeeply.”以及小女孩的行為可知，小女孩的“善良”觸動了作者，也讓作者意識到了同理心和善良的力量。故選A。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Sofar,smartphoneshavebeenajack-of-all-trades.Butcanyouimaginethatinthenearfuture,you’llprobablybeabletousethemtotestifmilkhasgonebadwithouteven___36___(open)thecontainer?Researchersuptonow___37___(develop)anewsmartphonesensortohelpwiththis.Thehigh-techmethodcouldonedayreducethecurrentwasteof20%ofdairyproducts.___38___(interest),thenewsensorisn’ttheworld’sfirstnon-invasive(非侵入性的)methodoftestingthefreshnessofmilk.However,previoustechniqueseitherweretoo___39___(convenient)oronlyworkedwithtransparent(透明的)andsemi-transparentmilkcontainers.Thesensor,ontheotherhand,favorsmass___40___(adopt),asitreliesonthebuilt-invibrationmotoroftheaveragesmartphone.Contrary___41___thepopularbelief,“best-by”and“use-by”datescan’taccuratelypredict___42___milkwillgoba