河南省三門峽五縣市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題 （解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省三門峽五縣市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題第Ⅰ卷第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AMostFamousLibrariesintheWorldTrinityCollegeLibraryDesignedbyThomasBurgh,thelibraryisthelargestinIreland.ConstructionontheLongRoom,thelibrary’s65-meter-longmainhall,beganin1712andlasted20years.Theoriginalstructureonlyhadbooksonthelowerlevel,butwhenthelibrary’sshelveswerefilledinthe1850s,theceilingwasraisedtoaccommodateevenmorebooks.TodaytheLongRoomholds200,000ofthelibrary’soldestbooks.StuttgartCityLibraryOpenedin2011,theGermanlibraryisasplendidlight-graycubeconsistingofglassblocksdesignedbyEunYoungYi.Insideit,you’llfindanairycentralroom,abovewhichsitsamulti-storysteppedreadingroomlinedwithbookshelves.Thelibrarytowersoverthenearbybuildings.LibraryofParliamentTakingtheformofaVictorianGothicchapterhousecompletewith16flyingbuttresses,the1876LibraryofParliamentisoneofCanada’sprizedarchitecturaltreasures—it’sontheten-dollarbill.ArchitectsThomasFullerandChilionJonestookinspirationfromtheBritishMuseumReadingRoomforthestructure,liningthecentralhallwithdelicatewoodshelvesandwoodcarvings.RampurRazaLibraryFoundedinthelate18thcentury,theIndianlibraryishometoamassivecollectionofIslamicandAsiantextsandobjects.Thepinkstructurethathousesthecollectiontodaywasbuiltin1904byNawabHamidAliKhanasamansionofIndo-Europeanstyle,TheRampurRazaLibrarywaslatershiftedtothisgrandbuildingin1957.1.Ofthefollowinglibraries,whichistheoldest?A.TrinityCollegeLibrary. B.LibraryofParliament.C.StuttgartCityLibrary. D.RampurRazaLibrary.2.Whodesignedthelibraryappearingontheten-dollarbill?A.EunYoungYi. B.ThomasBurgh.C.NawabHamidAliKhan. D.ThomasFullerandChilionJones.3.Whatdothefourlibrarieshaveincommon?A.Theyhousetherarestbooks. B.Theywereunusuallydesigned.C.Theywereexpandedasneeded. D.Theyoverlooksurroundingbuildings.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【語篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個設(shè)計獨(dú)特的圖書館的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“ConstructionontheLongRoom,thelibrary’s65-meter-longmainhall,beganin1712andlasted20years.(長廳是圖書館65米長的主廳，始建于1712年，歷時20年)”；第二段中“Openedin2011,theGermanlibraryisasplendidlight-graycubeconsistingofglassblocksdesignedbyEunYoungYi.(2011年開放的德國圖書館是由李恩英設(shè)計的玻璃塊組成的華麗的淺灰色立方體)”；第三段中“TakingtheformofaVictorianGothicchapterhousecompletewith16flyingbuttresses,the1876LibraryofParliamentisoneofCanada’sprizedarchitecturaltreasures—it’sontheten-dollarbill.(1876年的國會圖書館是加拿大最珍貴的建筑瑰寶之一，它被印在10美元紙幣上，它的外形是維多利亞哥特式的教堂，有16個飛扶壁)”以及最后一段中“Foundedinthelate18thcentury,theIndianlibraryishometoamassivecollectionofIslamicandAsiantextsandobjects.(印度圖書館建于18世紀(jì)晚期，收藏了大量的伊斯蘭和亞洲文獻(xiàn)和物品)”比較可知，TrinityCollegeLibrary歷史最悠久，故選A項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三部分中“ArchitectsThomasFullerandChilionJonestookinspirationfromtheBritishMuseumReadingRoomforthestructure,liningthecentralhallwithdelicatewoodshelvesandwoodcarvings.(建筑師ThomasFuller和ChilionJones從大英博物館閱覽室獲得了結(jié)構(gòu)的靈感，在中央大廳里排列著精致的木架和木雕)”可知，加拿大的國會圖書館印在了面值10加元的鈔票上，設(shè)計靈感來自大英博物館的閱覽室，設(shè)計者為ThomasFuller和ChilionJones。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了四家圖書館獨(dú)特的建筑風(fēng)格。藏書、擴(kuò)建及凌駕于周圍建筑物之上，只是部分或個別圖書館有所涉及，故選B項。BLaurieHoramneverthoughtofhimselfasmusical.Athome,hisdadneverlistenedtomusic,whileoneofhisboardingschoolteacherslabelledhimtonedeaf.Butlastmonthhestartedtoplaytheharmonica(口琴)onthestreetsofBradford.Peopleclapped,dancedandthrewcoinsintohiscaseforthelocalfoodbank.Horamcaughthimselfthinking.“How,attheageof79,doIcometobeplayingmusictopeopleonthestreets?”Thequestionpreoccupiedhim,because,someyearsagoatafamilygathering,Gavin,hiseldestson,said:“Youknowwhat,Dad?Itcan’tbecoincidental.Wemusthavegotourmusicalabilitiesfromyou.”Horamhasthreesonsandtheycoverarangeofinstruments.Hewassurprised.“Therecan’tbemusicinme,becauseIcan’tplay!”hesaid.Eightyearsago,Horam,aretiredcivilservant,wasonhiswaybackfromatripwithhisfamily.Gavinstoppedatamusicshop.Hewalkedoutandsaid:“Hereyouare.Iboughtthisforyou,Dad.It’saharmonica.I’lltrytoshowyouhowtoplayabit.”Theywenttoasessionattheirlocalpub.GavinplayedtheguitarandHoramsatinthecornerwithhisharmonica,tryingtomakeasoundthatnoonewouldhear.Aftersixmonths,hewasinvitedintothegroup.Hediscoveredatalentforimprovisation(即興表演),respondingtoanotewithinamillisecondwithoutbattinganeyelid.“Idon’tplaybyear.Iplaybyheart.”Actually,Horamsays:“Myharmonicaplaysme-howIfeel,whatIam,whatI’vebeen.”MusichasenrichedlifewithfriendshipandmadeHoramfeel“partofsomethingmuchbigger”thanhimself.“Atatimewhenthecircleoflifemightbeshrinking,mineisexpanding,”hesays.“Maybeweneverknowcompletelywhoweareorwhatwecando.”4.WhydidHoramplaytheharmonicaonthestreetsofBradford?A.Torecallthegoodolddays.B.Tobegfoodfrompassers-by.C.Tolivehischildhooddream.D.Tocollectmoneyforcharity.5.WhatisGavin’sattitudetohisfather’smusicalability?A.Positive.B.Disapproving.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.6.WhatdoesplayingtheharmonicaallowHoramtodo?A.Enjoythequiet.B.Listentohisheart.C.Expresshimself.D.Sharpenhishearing.7.WhatdoesmusicbringtoHoram?A.Alostsoul.B.Acomfortablelife.C.Abroadercircleoflife.D.Anewperceptionoffamily.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.C【語篇解讀】文章是一篇記敘文。從小沒有音樂天賦的LaurieHoram被自己的大兒子教會了口琴，讓他豐富了自己的生活，擴(kuò)大了自己的人生軌跡?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Peopleclapped,dancedandthrewcoinsintohiscaseforthelocalfoodbank.（人們鼓掌、跳舞，并把硬幣扔進(jìn)他為當(dāng)?shù)厥称枫y行捐款的箱子里）”可知，LaurieHoram在大街上吹口琴是為了給當(dāng)?shù)氐氖澄镢y行籌款，故選D【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Youknowwhat,Dad?Itcan’tbecoincidental.Wemusthavegotourmusicalabilitiesfromyou.（你知道嗎，爸爸？這不可能是巧合。我們一定是從你那里得到了音樂才能）”可知，Gavin認(rèn)為自己一定遺傳了父親的音樂能力。由此推知，他對父親的音樂能力是肯定的，故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Myharmonicaplaysme-howIfeel,whatIam,whatI’vebeen.（我的口琴演奏著我的感覺，我現(xiàn)在是什么樣的，我曾經(jīng)是什么樣的）”可知，Horam用音樂來表達(dá)自己，故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的““Atatimewhenthecircleoflifemightbeshrinking,mineisexpanding,”hesays.“Maybeweneverknowcompletelywhoweareorwhatwecando.”（“在生命周期可能正在縮小的時候，我的生命周期正在擴(kuò)大，”他說?！耙苍S我們永遠(yuǎn)不知道自己是誰，或者我們能做什么?！保笨芍?，音樂讓Horam在自己生命的最后階段發(fā)現(xiàn)了更新的、更廣闊的意義，故選C。CTheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)saysitispossibletodefeatthediseasemalaria（瘧疾）,althoughthatisnotlikelytohappenwiththecurrentmethods.PedroAlonso,directingtheUnitedNationsagency'sglobalmalariaprogram,saystheWHOwantstoeradicate(根除）thediseasebut“withthetoolswehavetoday,itismostunlikelythatthegoalwillbeachieved.”Malariainfectedaround219millionpeoplein2017,whenabout435,000peoplediedfromthedisease.ThelargemajoritywerebabiesandchildreninthepoorestareasofAfrica.Thesetotalslittlechangedfrom2016.Butthenumbersaresmallerthanthe239millioninfectionsand607,000deathsreportedin2010.DialloisheadoftheRBMPartnershiptoEndMalaria.ThegroupreleasedastatementfromhimontheWHOreport,saying,“Today,therearemorecountrieswithoutmalariathanwithit,andmorecountriesthaneverhavefewerthan10,000malariacases.”WHOofficialshavelongwantedtodestroymalaria.TheUnitedNationsagencyfirstattemptedacampaignagainstthediseasein1955.Now,theBillandMelindaGatesFoundationisprovidingfinancialsupportforthelatestefforts.Thereareanumberofdrugsavailabletosuccessfullytreatmalaria.Sleepingunderchemically-treatedbednetshasproventobeeffectiveinordertocontrolmalaria-carryingmosquitoesandinfections.ThedrugcompanyGSKhasalsodevelopedavaccinethathasprovenpartiallyeffectiveagainstmalaria.ThevaccineiscurrentlyusedinGhanaandMalawi.ButtheWHO'sreportsaysthesetoolswillnotbeenoughtoendthethreatfrommalariaaltogether.Itcallsforresearchanddevelopmentof“transformativetoolsandknowledge”tocontrolmosquitoesandcreatemoreeffectivemedicinestopreventandtreatthedisease.8.Howmanypeoplesufferedfrommalariain2016?A.Around219millionpeople. B.About435,000people.C.239millionpeopleorso. D.About607,000people.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?A.Diallofeelsworriedabouthowtodefeatmalaria.B.Malariaisacommondiseaseinmanycountries.C.WHOisingreatneedoffinancialsupportnowadaysactually.D.Humanshavemadegreatachievementinfightingwithmalaria.10.WhatcanweknowaboutthevaccinefromGSKintheopinionoftheWHO?A.Itcanhelpeffectivelycuremalaria.B.Itneedstobefurtherdeveloped.C.Itcankillmosquitoesinashorttime.D.Italmosthasnoimpactonmalaria.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.PossibletoDefeatMalaria,ButProbablyNotSoonB.DrugCompanyGSKDeterminestoDefeatMalariaC.MalariaControltheEarthLong,butistoDisappearD.TransformativeToolsandKnowledgeontheWay【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇科普說明文。文章介紹了目前傳染病瘧疾在全世界存在的狀況和世界衛(wèi)生組織致力于消除瘧疾所做的努力?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的2016可知，答案出自第三段，再根據(jù)第三段中的“Malariainfectedaround219millionpeoplein2017,whenabout435,000peoplediedfromthedisease.ThelargemajoritywerebabiesandchildreninthepoorestareasofAfrica.Thesetotalslittlechangedfrom2016.”可知，2017年感染瘧疾的人數(shù)大約為219million，2016年的跟2017年的相比變化不大，所以2016年感染瘧疾的人數(shù)也大約為219million。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Today,therearemorecountrieswithoutmalariathanwithit,andmorecountriesthaneverhavefewerthan10,000malariacases.”可知，如今，很多國家已經(jīng)消除瘧疾，而且與以往相比，很多國家的現(xiàn)存患者少于10,000例。由此可推知，人類在抗擊瘧疾的行動中取得了巨大的成就。故選D。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的ButtheWHO'sreportsaysthesetoolswillnotbeenoughtoendthethreatfrommalariaaltogether.Itcallsforresearchanddevelopmentof“transformativetoolsandknowledge”tocontrolmosquitoesandcreatemoreeffectivemedicinestopreventandtreatthedisease.（但是世界衛(wèi)生組織的報告說，這些工具還不足以完全消除瘧疾的威脅。它呼吁研發(fā)“變革性工具和知識”來控制蚊子，并創(chuàng)造更有效的藥物來預(yù)防和治療這種疾病）可知，已經(jīng)證明GSK制藥公司研制的疫苗對抗擊瘧疾有一定效果，但不足以消除瘧疾，還需要進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)。故選B?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。第一段TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)saysitispossibletodefeatthediseasemalaria（瘧疾）,althoughthatisnotlikelytohappenwiththecurrentmethods.（世界衛(wèi)生組織(WHO)說，戰(zhàn)勝瘧疾是有可能的，盡管目前的方法不太可能實現(xiàn)）是全文的主題句，結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，可知這篇文章主要講了未來人類有可能戰(zhàn)勝瘧疾，但還有很長的路需要走，所以這篇文章最好的題目是“有可能戰(zhàn)勝瘧疾，但可能不會很快”。故選A。DWetendtousemoreemotionallanguagetoenhanceourpowersofpersuasion,accordingtoresearchpublishedinPsychologicalScience,ajournaloftheAssociationforPsychologicalScience.Theresearchshowsthatpeopletendtowardappealsthataren’tsimplymorepositiveornegativebutarefilledwithemotionality,evenwhenthey’retryingtopersuadeanaudiencethatmaynotbereceptivetosuchlanguage.Understandingthecomponentsthatmakeforapersuasivemessageisacriticalfocusoffieldsrangingfromadvertisingtopoliticsandevenpublichealth.Theresearcherswantedtolookatthequestionfromadifferentangle,exploringhowwecommunicatewithotherswhenwearetheonestryingtopersuade.Inoneonlinestudy,theresearchersshowed1,285participantsaphotoandsomerelevantdetailsforaparticularproductavailablefromA.Theyaskedsomeparticipantstowriteafive-starreviewthatwouldpersuadereaderstopurchasethatproduct,whiletheyaskedotherstowriteafive-starreviewthatsimplydescribedtheproduct’spositivefeatures.Thefindingsshowedthatalthoughthereviewswereequallypositiveintheirlanguage,thedatashowedthatreviewersusedmoreemotionallanguagewhentheyweretryingtopersuadereaderstobuyaproductcomparedwithwhentheywerewritingafive-starreviewwithoutintendingtopersuade.Importantly,theshifttowardmoreemotionallanguageappearedtobeautomaticratherthandeliberative.Thetendencytousemoreemotionallanguageemergedevenwhenparticipantswereattemptingtopersuadeagroupof“rational”thinkers.“Pastresearchindicatesthatemotionalappealscanbackfirewhenanaudienceprefersunemotionalappeals,”theresearcherssay.“Ourfindingsindicatethatthereissuchastrongenoughconnectionbetweenpersuasionandemotioninpeople’smindsthattheycontinuetouseemotioneveninthefaceofanaudiencewherethatapproachcanhaveanunintendedresult.”Aninterestingavenueforfutureresearch,theresearcherssay,istoinvestigatewhethertheassociationtransfersacrossvariouscontexts.“Forinstance,wouldpeopleuselessemotioniftheywereinaboardroommeetingoriftheywerewritingaformalletterofrecommendation?”theresearcherswonder.12.Whatisthestudymainlyabout?A.Theinfluenceofpositivewords.B.Theconnectionbetweenemotionandpersuasion.C.Thesignificanceofunderstandingpersuasion.D.Thepowerofemotionallanguage.13.Whatdidtheonlinestudyfindinparagraph3?A.Morepositivelanguagewasusedforpersuasion.B.Emotionallanguagewasnaturallyusedtopersuadereaders.C.Lessemotionallanguagewasusedtopersuadereaders.D.Bothofthereviewswereobjectiveintheirlanguage.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“backfire”meaninparagraph4?A.Damagethereputation. B.Producethedesiredresult.C.Attractmoreattention. D.Havetheoppositeeffect.15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphindicate?A.Moreresearchwillbecarriedoutinaboardroommeeting.B.Theresearchersarenotsatisfiedwiththecurrentavenue.C.Futureresearchwillbedoneinvariouscontexts.D.Aformalletterofrecommendationshoulduselessemotion.【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了《心理科學(xué)》上的一項研究結(jié)果，人們會憑直覺使用更多的情感語言來增強(qiáng)說服力。即使適得其反，人們還是會繼續(xù)使用情感來勸說?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“Wetendtousemoreemotionallanguagetoenhanceourpowersofpersuasion,accordingtoresearchpublishedinPsychologicalScience,ajournaloftheAssociationforPsychologicalScience.(根據(jù)發(fā)表在心理科學(xué)協(xié)會期刊《心理科學(xué)》上的一項研究，我們傾向于使用更多的情感語言來增強(qiáng)我們的說服力。)”可知，該研究解釋了人們在說服時會使用更多的情感語言以增強(qiáng)說服力，由此可知，該研究主要是探索了情感和勸說之間的聯(lián)系。故選B項?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Thefindingsshowedthatalthoughthereviewswereequallypositiveintheirlanguage,thedatashowedthatreviewersusedmoreemotionallanguagewhentheyweretryingtopersuadereaderstobuyaproductcomparedwithwhentheywerewritingafive-starreviewwithoutintendingtopersuade.Importantly,theshifttowardmoreemotionallanguageappearedtobeautomaticratherthandeliberative.(研究結(jié)果表明，盡管這些評論在語言上都是積極的，但數(shù)據(jù)顯示，與寫五星級評論而不打算說服讀者相比，評論者在試圖說服讀者購買產(chǎn)品時使用了更多的情感語言。重要的是，語言傾向于情感化的轉(zhuǎn)變似乎是自發(fā)的，而不是深思熟慮的。)”可知，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)評論者在試圖說服讀者購買產(chǎn)品時使用了更多的情感語言，語言傾向于情感化的轉(zhuǎn)變似乎是自然而然的。故選B項?！?4題詳析】詞義猜測題。分析語境可知，后文的話是對劃線單詞所在句的進(jìn)一步解釋。根據(jù)后文內(nèi)容“Ourfindingsindicatethatthereissuchastrongenoughconnectionbetweenpersuasionandemotioninpeople’smindsthattheycontinuetouseemotioneveninthefaceofanaudiencewherethatapproachcanhaveanunintendedresult.(我們的研究結(jié)果表明，在人們的頭腦中，說服和情感之間有著足夠強(qiáng)的聯(lián)系，以至于他們甚至在面對可能產(chǎn)生意外結(jié)果的聽眾時，也會繼續(xù)使用情感。)”可知，即使人們在說服有可能產(chǎn)生意外勸說結(jié)果的聽眾時，也會使用情感說服這一策略，即為劃線單詞所在句“Pastresearchindicatesthatemotionalappealscanbackfirewhenanaudienceprefersunemotionalappeals”表達(dá)的含義，由此可推知，“backfire”應(yīng)是與“haveanunintendedresult”表達(dá)含義一致，即，“產(chǎn)生事與愿違或適得其反的結(jié)果”，與選項D“Havetheoppositeeffect.(有相反的效果。)”表達(dá)含義一致。故選D項?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段內(nèi)容“Aninterestingavenueforfutureresearch,theresearcherssay,istoinvestigatewhethertheassociationtransfersacrossvariouscontexts.(研究人員說，未來研究的一個有趣途徑是調(diào)查這種關(guān)聯(lián)是否會在不同的背景下轉(zhuǎn)移。)”可知，研究人員對于“情感與勸說之間的聯(lián)系在不同背景下的是否會有所不同”感興趣，由此可推知，未來的研究方向是考察情感和勸說之間的聯(lián)系是否涉及其他領(lǐng)域。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Readingisessentialbuthowcanonechoosetherightbookstoreadandwherecanonefindthem?Afewfamouspeoplemaygiveyousomehelpfultips.●Readbooksfrompasteras.___16___Otherwise,you’dbe“completelydependentontheprejudicesandfashionsofyourtimes,”justasAlbertEinsteinputit.“Somebodywhoreadsonlynewspapersandbooksofcontemporaryauthorslookstomelikeanextremelynear-sightedpersonwhodislikeseyeglasses,”hesaid.●___17___Readingtoowideavarietyintooshortatimewouldkeeptheteachingsfromleavingalastingimpressiononyou.SenecatheYounger,afirst-centuryRomanphilosopher,suggestedthat“youmustlinger(流連)amongalimitednumberofmasterthinkers,anddigesttheirworks,ifyouwouldobtainideaswhichshallwinfirmholdinyourmind.”●Shopatsecondhandbookstores.VirginiaWoolfbelievedtheworksinsecondhandbookstoreshaveanattractionwhichtheusualvolumesofthelibrarylack.Browsingthroughthesebooksgivesyouthechancetorunintosomethingthatwouldn’thaverisentotheattentionoflibrariansandbooksellers.___18___●Checkoutauthors’readinglists.Inhis1940guideHowtoReadaBook,AmericanphilosopherMortimerJ.Adlertalkedabouthowtochoosebooks.Heattachedimportancetothosethatotherauthorsconsiderworthreading.___19___Mortimerwrotethat“onewaytounderstandthemistoreadthebookstheyread.”●Makethefinaldecisionbyyourself.___20___It’syouyourselfwhoshouldchoosewhat,howandwhentoread.TheodoreRooseveltrecommendedchoosingbooksonsubjectsthatinterestyouandlettingyourmoodguideyoutoyournextgreatread.A.Interestisthebestteacher.B.Greatauthorsaregreatreaders.C.Leavesomeroomforolderworks.D.Learnmoreaboutthosegreatauthors.E.Don’tjumptooquicklyfrombooktobook.F.There’sno“bestbooks”listthateveryoneshouldfollow.G.Usuallytheyaremuchmoreselectiveinorganizingtheircollections.【答案】16.C17.E18.G19.B20.F【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了閱讀應(yīng)該選什么樣的書合適以及該去哪兒找到它們?！?6題詳析】上文“Readbooksfrompasteras.(閱讀過去時代的書籍。)”是本段的主旨句。下文“Otherwise,you’dbe“completelydependentontheprejudicesandfashionsofyourtimes,”justasAlbertEinsteinputit.(否則，正如阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦所說，你將“完全依賴于你所處時代的偏見和時尚”。)”可知，作者建議讀者閱讀過去的書籍。C項“Leavesomeroomforolderworks.(為舊作品留出一些空間。)”也是建議大家閱讀舊時代的書籍，符合本段主旨，故選C項?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)橫線所在位置，可知此處應(yīng)是小標(biāo)題，概括下文。根據(jù)下文“Readingtoowideavarietyintooshortatimewouldkeeptheteachingsfromleavingalastingimpressiononyou.(在太短的時間內(nèi)閱讀太多種類的內(nèi)容會使文章無法給您留下持久的印象。)”可知，在太短的時間內(nèi)讀太多的書就會消化不了其中的知識，不能留下深刻印象。E項“Don’tjumptooquicklyfrombooktobook.(讀完一本書后不要太快地去讀另一本)”，與下文表述一致，能概括本段內(nèi)容。故選E項?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Shopatsecondhandbookstores.(在二手書店購物。)”以及空前“VirginiaWoolfbelievedtheworksinsecondhandbookstoreshaveanattractionwhichtheusualvolumesofthelibrarylack.Browsingthroughthesebooksgivesyouthechancetorunintosomethingthatwouldn’thaverisentotheattentionoflibrariansandbooksellers.(弗吉尼亞·伍爾夫認(rèn)為，二手書店的作品具有圖書館通常所缺乏的吸引力。瀏覽這些書讓你有機(jī)會看到一些不會引起圖書管理員和書商注意的東西。)”可推知，作者建議讀者去二手書店買書。G項“Usuallytheyaremuchmoreselectiveinorganizingtheircollections.(通常，他們在組織藏品時更具選擇性。)”承接上文，進(jìn)一步說明了作者建議讀者去二手書店買書的原因，符合語境，故選G項?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Checkoutauthors’readinglists.(查看作者的閱讀清單)”和空前“Heattachedimportancetothosethatofherauthorsconsiderworthreading.(他重視其他作者認(rèn)為值得讀的那些作品。)”可推知，作者建議讀者在選擇書籍時可以借鑒書籍作者的閱讀清單，閱讀他們讀過的書，說明作家讀過的書好。B項“Greatauthorsaregreatreaders.(好的作家也是好的讀者)”，承接上文，符合語境，故選B項?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)木段小標(biāo)題“Makethefinaldecisionbyyourself.(自己做最后的決定)”以及空后“It’syouyourselfwhoshouldchoosewhat,howandwhentoread.(閱讀內(nèi)容，閱讀方式和閱讀時間應(yīng)由你自己選擇)”可推知，想要讀什么書，要讀多長時間等細(xì)節(jié)都應(yīng)該由自己決定。F項“There’sno“bestbooks”listthateveryoneshouldfollow.(沒有人人都應(yīng)該遵循的“最佳書籍”清單)”也是在表達(dá)“讀者自由決定自己讀什么書”的內(nèi)容，符合語境，故選F項。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Waitingfortheairplanetotakeoff,Iwashappytogetaseatbymyself.Justthen,anairhostessapproachedmeandasked,“Wouldyoumind____21____yourseat?Acouplewouldliketosittogether.”Theonly____22____seatwasnexttoagirlwithherarmsincasts(石膏繃帶),ablack-and-blueface,andasadexpression.“NowayamIgoingtositthere,”Ithoughtimmediately.Butasoftvoicespoke,“Sheneedshelp.”Finally,I____23____tomovetothatseat.ThegirlwasnamedKathy.Shehadbeeninacaraccidentandnowwasonherwayfor____24____.Whenthesnackandjuicearrived,itdidnottakemelongto____25____thatKathywouldnotbeableto____26____herself.Iconsidered____27____tofeedherbuthesitated,asitseemedtoo____28____toofferaservicetoa____29____.ButthenIrealizedthatKathy’sneedwasmore____30____thanmydiscomfort.Iofferedtohelphereat,andalthoughshewasuncomfortabletoaccept,she____31____asIexpected.Webecamecloserandcloserinashortperiodoftime.Bytheendofthefive-hourtrip,myheart____32____,andthe____33____wasreallybetterspentthanifIhadjustsatbymyself.IwasverygladIhadreachedbeyondmycomfortzonetositnexttoKathyandfeedher.Lovesometimesflowsbeyondhumanbordersandremovesthefearsthatkeepus____34____.Whenwe____35____toserveanother,wegrowtoliveinalargerandmorerewardingworld.21.A.changing B.losing C.taking D.giving22.A.comfortable B.suitable C.favorable D.available23.A.wanted B.decided C.regretted D.promised24.A.pleasure B.travel C.treatment D.business25.A.know B.say C.realize D.recognize26.A.eat B.choose C.feed D.support27.A.offering B.needing C.stopping D.trying28.A.fast B.far C.close D.impolite29.A.girl B.neighbor C.passenger D.stranger30.A.unusual B.important C.direct D.shameful31.A.refused B.wondered C.cried D.did32.A.hadwarmed B.hadjumped C.hadbroken D.hadcheered33.A.money B.time C.life D.energy34.A.separate B.independent C.silent D.upset35.A.happen B.stretch C.wait D.continue【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.C26.C27.A28.D29.D30.B31.D32.A33.B34.A35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了作者在飛機(jī)上因為意外坐到了一位胳膊受傷去看病的女孩身邊并且?guī)椭氖虑?。揭示了對陌生人伸出援手，讓自己活得更精彩的道理。?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就在這時，一位空姐走過來問我：“你介意換一下座位嗎?”A.changing換；B.losing失去；C.taking帶走；D.giving給予。根據(jù)后文“Acouplewouldliketosittogether.(一對情侶想要坐在一起)”可知，空姐詢問能否換座位。故選A。【22題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：唯一有空位的座位是一個女孩的旁邊，她的手臂打了石膏，臉上青一塊紫一塊，一副悲傷的表情。A.comfortable舒服的；B.suitable合適的；C.favorable支持的；D.available可用的。根據(jù)后文“seatwasnexttoagirlwithherarmsincasts”以及上文提到換座位可知，此處指唯一有空位的座位是一個女孩的旁邊，故選D?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，我決定坐到那個座位上去。A.wanted想要；B.decided決定；C.regretted后悔；D.promised承諾。根據(jù)后文“tomovetothatseat”指作者決定坐到那個座位上去。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她出了車禍，現(xiàn)在正在去治療的路上。A.pleasure快樂；B.travel旅行；C.treatment治療；D.business生意。根據(jù)上文“Shehadbeeninacaraccident”可知，女孩出了車禍，在去治療的路上。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)零食和果汁送到時，我沒多久就意識到凱西將無法自己吃東西。A.know知道；B.say說；C.realize意識到；D.recognize識別。根據(jù)上文“agirlwithherarmsincasts

”和后文“thatKathywouldnotbeableto”指作者意識到女孩無法自己吃東西，故選C?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)零食和果汁送到時，我沒多久就意識到凱西將無法自己吃東西。A.eat吃；B.choose選擇；C.feed喂，為……提供食物；D.support支持。根據(jù)上文“agirlwithherarmsincasts”可知，女孩手受傷了，無法自己吃東西，即不能為自己提供食物。故選C。【27題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我考慮主動給她提供食物，但猶豫了，因為給陌生人提供服務(wù)似乎太不禮貌了。A.offering提供；B.needing需要；C.stopping停止；D.trying嘗試。根據(jù)后文“tofeedherbuthesitated”指作者考慮主動提供幫助女孩吃東西，后文“Iofferedtohelphereat”也是提示。故選A。【28題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我考慮主動給她提供食物，但猶豫了，因為給陌生人提供服務(wù)似乎太不禮貌了。A.fast快速的；B.far遠(yuǎn)的；C.close親近的；D.impolite不禮貌的。作者和女孩并不認(rèn)識，所以給陌生人提供服務(wù)似乎太不禮貌了。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我考慮主動給她提供食物，但猶豫了，因為給陌生人提供服務(wù)似乎太不禮貌了。A.girl女孩；B.neighbor鄰居；C.passenger乘客；D.stranger陌生人。作者和女孩并不認(rèn)識，所以是陌生人。故選D?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但后來我意識到凱西的需要比我的不舒服更重要。A.unusual不尋常的；B.important重要的；C.direct直接的；D.shameful羞愧的。根據(jù)下文“Iofferedtohelphereat”可知，作者認(rèn)識女孩的需要比自己的不舒服更重要。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我提出要幫她吃飯，盡管她不太愿意接受，但她還是照我所料做了。A.refused拒絕；B.wondered想知道；C.cried哭泣；D.did做。根據(jù)后文“asIexpected.Webecamecloserandcloserinashortperiodoftime.”可知，女孩還是接受了作者的提議照做了。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：五個小時的旅程結(jié)束時，我的心暖和了起來，這段時間比我一個人坐著要好得多。A.hadwarmed溫暖；B.hadjumped跳躍；C.hadbroken打破；D.hadcheered歡呼。根據(jù)后文“wasreallybetterspentthanifIhadjustsatbymyself”可知，照顧女孩讓作者感到溫暖。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：五個小時的旅程結(jié)束時，我的心暖和了起來，這段時間比我一個人坐著要好得多。A.money金錢；B.time時間；C.life生活；D.energy精力。根據(jù)后文“wasreallybetterspent”指度過的五個小時，應(yīng)用time。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：愛有時會超越人類的界限，消除讓我們分離的恐懼。A.separate分開的；B.independent獨(dú)立的；C.silent沉默的；D.upset沮喪的。根據(jù)上文“Lovesometimesflowsbeyondhumanbordersandremovesthefears”可知，愛有時會超越人類的界限，即愛能夠消除讓我們分離的恐懼。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們竭盡全力為他人服務(wù)時，我們就會生活在一個更大、更有意義的世界里。A.happen發(fā)生；B.stretch拉長；C.wait等待；D.continue繼續(xù)。根據(jù)后文“toserveanother”以及上文作者照顧受傷女孩，此處指竭盡全力為他人服務(wù)，stretchtoserve表示“盡力”。故選B。第Ⅱ卷第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。China,thehometownoftea,ownsaprofoundteaculture.Sinceancienttimes,Chinesepeoplehavebeenplanting,picking,makinganddrinkingtea.Teaproducershavedevelopedsix____36____(category)oftea:greentea,yellowtea,darktea,whitetea,oolongteaandblacktea.Teais____37____mustinChinesepeople’sdailylife.Boiledtea____38____(serve)athomes,teahouses,restaurantsorotherplacesandused____39____animportantmediumforcommunication.InChina,traditionalteaprocessingtechniquesareso____40____(close)associatedwiththegeographicallocationandnaturalenvironment____41____theyaredistributed(分布)incertainareas.____42____tea-relatedcustomsoriginatedinChina,theyinfluencedtherestoftheworldthroughtheancientSilkRoadandtraderoutes.Inrecentyears,Chinesetea____43____(receive)top-levelglobalrecognitionasasharedculturaltreasureofmankind.Thereareover40colleges____44____majorsinteascienceorteaculturearesetup,_____45_____(result)inover3000graduatesspecializinginteaproductionandarteveryyear.【答案】36.categories37.a38.isserved39.as40.closely41.that42.Though/Although/While43.hasreceived44.where45.resulting【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國的茶文化以及影響?！?6題詳析】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：茶葉生產(chǎn)商已經(jīng)開發(fā)出六大類茶葉：綠茶、黃茶、黑茶、白茶、烏龍茶和紅茶。category為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)上文six可知為復(fù)數(shù)。故填categories?！?7題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：茶是中國人日常生活的必需品。此處must為泛指，且是發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的單詞。故填a?！?8題詳析】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：煮熟的茶在家庭、茶館、餐館或其他地方供應(yīng)，并被用作重要的交流媒介。主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，且陳述事實用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語為tea，謂語用單數(shù)。故填isserved。【39題詳析】考查介詞。句意：煮熟的茶在家庭、茶館、餐館或其他地方供應(yīng)，并被用作重要的交流媒介。短語beusedas表示“被用作”。故填as?！?0題詳析】考查副詞。句意：在中國，傳統(tǒng)的茶葉加工技術(shù)與地理位置和自然環(huán)境密切相關(guān)，它們分布在一定的地區(qū)。修飾形容詞應(yīng)用副詞closely，故填closely。【41題詳析】考查狀語從句。句意：在中國，傳統(tǒng)的茶葉加工技術(shù)與地理位置和自然環(huán)境密切相關(guān)，它們分布在一定的地區(qū)。此處為so…that…引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，表示“如此……以至于……”。故填that?！?2題詳析】考查狀語從句。句意：雖然與茶有關(guān)的習(xí)俗起源于中國，但它們通過古絲綢之路和貿(mào)易路線影響了世界其他地區(qū)。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示“雖然”應(yīng)用though、although或while，首字母大寫。故填Though/Although/While?！?3題詳析】考查時態(tài)。句意：近年來，中國茶作為人類共同的文化瑰寶得到了全球的最高認(rèn)可。根據(jù)上文可知為現(xiàn)在完成時，主語為Chinesetea，助動詞用has。故填hasreceived?！?4題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：開設(shè)茶學(xué)、茶文化專業(yè)的院校有40多所，每年有3000多名從事茶葉制作和茶藝專業(yè)的畢業(yè)生。定語從句修飾先行詞colleges，關(guān)系詞在從句作地點狀語，故用where。故填where?！?5題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：開設(shè)茶學(xué)、茶文化專業(yè)的院校有4