遼寧省2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期五校聯(lián)考期末聯(lián)考英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1遼寧省2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期五校聯(lián)考期末英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATeenHomeworkHelpServicesattheSeattlePublicLibraryDuringtheschoolyear,weofferavarietyofprogramsandservicestohelpstudentsofallagessucceedinschool.In-personHomeworkHelpWehavevolunteerswhocanhelpK-12studentswithanyschoolsubject.Studentswithouthomeworkcanplaylearningenrichmentgameswithtrainedtutors.Youcangethomeworkhelpmostdaysduringtheschoolyear,exceptforweekendsandschoolholidays.Noreservationsarerequired,sojustcometothelibraryduringhomeworkhelphoursandbringyourhomeworkassignment.Donotworryifyoudonothaveallthesuppliesyouneed.Wehavemanythingsavailablethatyoucanuse,likemarkers,paper,andpencils.VirtualTutoringLogintotutor.comwithalibrarycard.AllSeattlePublicSchoolstudentscancreatealibrarylinknumberwiththeirstudentIDnumberinstead.Youcanstillaccesstutor.comevenifyouowelibraryfines.Livetutorsareavailabledailyfrom2pmto10pm.Theycanhelpwithanyschoolsubject,collegeessaywriting,andjobapplications.OnlineResources●AcademicOneFileThisdatabaseoffersaworldofacademicresearchatyourfingertips,withmorethan17,000scholarlyjournalsandawiderangeofmultimediacontent.●CulturalGramsThisonlineresourcegivesaninsidelookatthedailylife,history,cultureandcustomsoftheworld'speople,coveringinformationonmorethan200countries.●OpposingViewpointsinContextThisdatabaseprovidesinsightandresearchintotoday’shottesttopicsinscience,socialstudiesandthelatestnewsandisperfectfordebatepreporanyoneinterestedinseeingbothsidesofsocialissues.●APStylebookOnlineThisonlineversionoftheofficialAssociatedPressStylebookissearchable,customizableandupdatedregularly.Itiscreatedtostandardizemasscommunicationandofferwritingguidelinesonspelling,usage,punctuationandstyle.1.WhatcanweknowaboutIn-personHomeworkHelp?A.Itneedsadvancebooking. B.Itoffersfunlearningactivities.C.Itprovidesservicesyear-round. D.Ithasvariousschoolsuppliesonsale.2.InSeattlePublicSchool,whocan’tgethelpfromvirtualtutoring?A.Studentsowinglibraryfines. B.Studentslogginginat3pm.C.Studentswithoutlibrarycards. D.StudentswithoutIDcards.3.Whichresourcecanappealtostudentsseekingtostayupdatedoncurrentaffairs?A.OpposingViewpointsinContent. B.CultureGrams.C.APStylebookOnline. D.AcademicOneFile.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了西雅圖公共圖書館為各個(gè)年齡段的學(xué)生提供的一些幫助和服務(wù)。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)In-personHomeworkHelp中“Studentswithouthomeworkcanplaylearningenrichmentgameswithtrainedtutors.(沒有家庭作業(yè)的學(xué)生可以和訓(xùn)練有素的導(dǎo)師一起玩學(xué)習(xí)豐富的游戲。)”可知，關(guān)于面對(duì)面的家庭作業(yè)輔導(dǎo)，我們知道它提供有趣的學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VirtualTutoring中“AllSeattlePublicSchoolstudentscancreatealibrarylinknumberwiththeirstudentIDnumberinstead.Youcanstillaccesstutor.comevenifyouowelibraryfines.Livetutorsareavailabledailyfrom2pmto10pm.(所有西雅圖公立學(xué)校的學(xué)生都可以用他們的學(xué)生證號(hào)碼創(chuàng)建一個(gè)圖書館鏈接號(hào)。你仍然可以訪問tutor.com，即使你欠圖書館罰款。每天下午2點(diǎn)到10點(diǎn)都有現(xiàn)場輔導(dǎo)。)”可知，在西雅圖公立學(xué)校，沒有學(xué)生證的學(xué)生不能從虛擬輔導(dǎo)中得到幫助。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OnlineResources部分中OpposingViewpointsinContext的“Thisdatabaseprovidesinsightandresearchintotoday’shottesttopicsinscience,socialstudiesandthelatestnewsandisperfectfordebatepreporanyoneinterestedinseeingbothsidesofsocialissues.(該數(shù)據(jù)庫提供了對(duì)當(dāng)今科學(xué)，社會(huì)研究和最新新聞中最熱門話題的見解和研究，非常適合辯論準(zhǔn)備或?qū)ι鐣?huì)問題雙方都感興趣的人。)”可知，OpposingViewpointsinContent這個(gè)在線資源能吸引想要了解最新時(shí)事的學(xué)生。故選A項(xiàng)。BAsmykidsandIwalkedaroundacommunitygardentheotherweek,Iaskedthemwhatveggiestheycouldidentify.WewereinAlberta,wheremanyplantswerestillintheirearlystagesofgrowth—Iwasn’toptimisticaboutwhatthekidswouldbeabletonamebyleavesalone.However,theycalledout,“Tomatoes!Potatoes!Carrots!”Theiranswersmademeevenprouderthanifthey’djustexplainedsomeknowledgeofphysics.Allthetimewe’vespentinourhomegardenisactuallysinkingin.AlthoughI’vebeengardeningforyears,thisyearfeelsdifferent.Spendingtimeinthegardenhashelpedmewithmyownwell-beingatatryingtime,andithasgivenmeanewwaytoconnectwithmykidswhenI’mrunningoutofsteam.Mygardeniswild,fulloflife,andabitmessy.Honestly,thesamegoesformykids—andIdon’texpectperfectionfromthemeither.Unlessyou’rerelyingonyouryieldformoneyorfood,it’sagoodideatohaveyourexpectationsforgardeningaslowaspossible.Mykidssaythey“l(fā)ovethegarden”but“don’tlikegardening”—Ithinktheymeantheydon’tlikethechores.IfIhavesomeweedingorpottingtodo,I’llalsohavesomeentertainmentforthem,whichcanbeassimpleas“findthese10rocks”or“wetthisplotwithyourwatergun”.Involvingthekidsineverystageoftheprocesscanbepowerfulandfun,evenifwhatyouhavearejustafewcontainersonabalcony.“Gardeningallowsustospendfree,unscheduledoutdoortimewithourkids,”writesjournalistandauthorShannonBrescherSheainherbookGrowingSustainableTogether.“Letyourkidsleadtheway.Invitethemtoparticipateineverystep,fromplantingtoharvesting,butdon’tforceit.”O(jiān)neofthebestthingsaboutgardensisthefood,butfrankly,mykidsarenotgoingtobepushinggreensintotheirmouthsanytimesoon.Findingusesforgardengoodsthatgobeyondfoodproductioncansparkinterestandsupplyyouwithsomeunexpectedlygoodresults.4.Whatcantheauthorinferfromherkids’answers?A.It’sworthwhiletospendtimeinhergarden.B.It’sgreattowitnessherkids’academicprogress.C.It’snecessaryforkidstoknowcommonsense.D.It’sdifficultforkidstolearnplantsinearlystages.5.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’sgarden?A.Itisinacompletemess. B.Ithasariseinoutput.C.Ithasbeenabandonedforlong. D.Itgoesasnaturetakesitscourse.6.Howdoestheauthorattractthekids’interestingardening?A.Bygivingrewardsafterwards. B.Bygivingmoreencouragement.C.Byaddingrecreationalactivities. D.Byaskingthemtohaveshortbreaks.7.WhatisShannon’ssuggestiononparents’involvingkidsingardening?A.Teachingkidsthepowerandfunofharvesting.B.Encouragingkids’activeparticipation.C.Allowingkidstoobserveeverystepcarefully.D.Settinganexampleforkidsindoinggardening.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者與孩子們?cè)谏鐓^(qū)花園中的經(jīng)歷，作者通過自己的親身經(jīng)歷，表達(dá)了園藝活動(dòng)對(duì)個(gè)人心理健康和與孩子們建立親密關(guān)系的重要性?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Theiranswersmademeevenprouderthanifthey’djustexplainedsomeknowledgeofphysics.Allthetimewe’vespentinourhomegardenisactuallysinkingin.(他們的回答比他們只是解釋一些物理知識(shí)更讓我自豪。實(shí)際上，我們花在自家花園里的時(shí)間所產(chǎn)生的影響正在漸漸顯現(xiàn))”可知，孩子們的答案讓作者感到自豪，認(rèn)為這是花在自家花園里的時(shí)間帶來的影響。由此推知，作者會(huì)從孩子們的答案中得出“花園里消磨時(shí)間是值得的”的推論。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Mygardeniswild,fulloflife,andabitmessy.(我的花園自然生長，充滿生機(jī)，但有點(diǎn)凌亂)”可知，作者的花園是自然生長，順其自然。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“IfIhavesomeweedingorpottingtodo,I’llalsohavesomeentertainmentforthem,whichcanbeassimpleas“findthese10rocks”or“wetthisplotwithyourwatergun”.(如果我要做一些除草或盆栽工作，我也會(huì)為他們提供一些娛樂，這些娛樂可以像“找到這10塊石頭”或“用你的水槍打濕這塊地”一樣簡單)”可知，作者會(huì)通過增加娛樂活動(dòng)來引起孩子們對(duì)園藝的興趣。故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中Shannon的話“Letyourkidsleadtheway.Invitethemtoparticipateineverystep,fromplantingtoharvesting,butdon’tforceit.(讓你的孩子起主導(dǎo)作用。邀請(qǐng)他們參與從種植到收獲的每一步，但不要強(qiáng)迫他們)”可推知，Shannon認(rèn)為要鼓勵(lì)孩子們主動(dòng)參與到園藝中來，不能強(qiáng)迫。故選B項(xiàng)。CTheGreekphilosopherAristotleoncesaid,“Forthethingswehavetolearnbeforewecandothem,welearnbydoingthem.”Thismethodof“l(fā)earningbydoing”hasallowedBarefootCollegetosuccessfullytrainandeducatemillionsofunderprivilegedpeople.Asthefounderofthecollege,Sanjit“Bunker”RoydidsomevolunteerworkinapoorregionofIndiashortlyafterhisgraduationfromDeliUniversity.Theexperiencechangedhislife,andin1972hesetupthecollegewiththeaimtohelpruralcommunitiesovercometheirdifficultiesandbecomemoreindependent.BarefootCollegeisunlikeanyothercollege.Allofitsstudentsaroundtheworldarefrompoorruralcommunities.Theydon'thavetobeabletoreadorwrite—indeed,manycan't.Peopleofanyagecanattend—theschoolhasawiderangeofstudents,fromchildrentograndmothers.Thecollegeisownedandmanagedbyeveryonewhoworksandlearnshere.These“BarefootProfessionals”aretrainedtoperformallsortsofdutiesintheschool,fromprovidingdentalcareservicestocookingmealsforstaffandstudents.Nodegreesorcertificatesaregivenout.Butgraduatesreturntotheirvillageswiththeirnewskillsandworktomaketheircommunitiesself-sufficientbytrainingothervillagers.Beingabletousetheirskillstoservetheircommunitiesisproofofsuccess.ThesolarengineeringprogramatBarefootCollegehasasignificantrole.Everyyear,thecollegerecruitsmiddle-agedwomenfromruralvillagesthatdon'thaveelectricity.Forsixmonths,thewomenlearnhowtobuild,install,use,andmaintainsolarlamps.Thelackofacommonlanguageisn'taproblem;theycommunicatethroughsignlanguageandworkwithcolor-codedequipment.Throughhands-ontraining,thewomentransformintosolarengineersbytheendoftheprogram.Theself-confidencetheygainallowsthemtogoonandinspirepositivechangeintheirvillages.Since2008,thewomenhavemanagedtoprovideelectricitytoover1,000villages,bringinglighttomorethan40,000households.BarefootCollegehasdemonstratedhoweducationcanempowerruralpeopleandhelpthemlivebetterlives.AfteritssuccessinIndia,BarefootCollegedecidedtoexpanditsprogramsoverseas.Today,ithasanumberofregionaltrainingcentersincountriessuchasEthiopia,Afghanistan,andSenegal.Throughtheirhardworkanddedication,thousandsofBarefootCollegegraduatesandteachershavetransformedtheircommunitiesintobetterplacestolive.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“underprivileged”inparagraph1mostprobablymean?A.Physicallydisabled. B.Poverty-stricken.C.Poorly-informed. D.Betteroff.9.WhatcanwelearnaboutBarefootCollegeaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Itprovidesregularuniversitycourses. B.Itoffersdiplomasandcertificatestoitsgraduates.C.Itisrunbyprofessionaleducators. D.Itfeaturesadiverserangeofstudents.10.WhatistheimpactofBarefootCollege'ssolarengineeringprogram?A.IthasestablishedsolarpowerplantsinmajorIndiancities.B.IthasdramaticallyreducedIndia'scarbonemissionsinruralareas.C.Ithasprovidedelectricitytothousandsofhouseholdsinremotevillages.D.Ithasempoweredwomentocommunicatewithsignlanguage.11.Whatisthemainmessageofthetext?A.Thesignificanceofvolunteerworkinruralcommunities.B.Thechallengesfacedbypoorpeopleinruralareas.C.Thepowerofeducationtorelievepovertyandpromotewell-being.D.ThesuccessofsolarengineeringprogramsinruralIndia.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了文章以亞里士多德“做中學(xué)”理念引出，介紹了赤腳學(xué)院通過該理念成功培訓(xùn)和教育眾多弱勢群體。學(xué)院創(chuàng)始人桑吉特?“邦克”?羅伊受印度貧困地區(qū)志愿經(jīng)歷影響，于1972年創(chuàng)辦此學(xué)院，旨在助力農(nóng)村社區(qū)克服困難、實(shí)現(xiàn)獨(dú)立?！?題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中“Asthefounderofthecollege,Sanjit“Bunker”RoydidsomevolunteerworkinapoorregionofIndiashortlyafterhisgraduationfromDeliUniversity.Theexperiencechangedhislife,andin1972hesetupthecollegewiththeaimtohelpruralcommunitiesovercometheirdifficultiesandbecomemoreindependent.(作為學(xué)院的創(chuàng)始人，桑吉特·“邦克”·羅伊從德里大學(xué)畢業(yè)后不久就在印度的一個(gè)貧困地區(qū)做了一些志愿者工作。這段經(jīng)歷改變了他的一生。1972年，他創(chuàng)辦了這所學(xué)院，旨在幫助農(nóng)村社區(qū)克服困難，變得更加獨(dú)立。)”由此可知，此處為這種“邊做邊學(xué)”的方法使赤腳學(xué)院成功地培訓(xùn)和教育了數(shù)百萬貧困人口。故可猜測劃線單詞underprivileged為“貧困的”意思，和B選項(xiàng)Poverty-stricken“貧困的”意思一致。故選B項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“BarefootCollegeisunlikeanyothercollege.Allofitsstudentsaroundtheworldarefrompoorruralcommunities.Theydon'thavetobeabletoreadorwrite—indeed,manycan't.Peopleofanyagecanattend—theschoolhasawiderangeofstudents,fromchildrentograndmothers.(赤腳學(xué)院不同于其他任何學(xué)院。它在世界各地的所有學(xué)生都來自貧困的農(nóng)村社區(qū)。他們不需要會(huì)讀或?qū)憽聦?shí)上，很多人不會(huì)。任何年齡的人都可以入學(xué)——這所學(xué)校的學(xué)生范圍很廣，從兒童到老奶奶都有。)”可知，根據(jù)第2段，我們可以了解到赤腳學(xué)院它的特點(diǎn)是各種各樣的學(xué)生。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Throughhands-ontraining,thewomentransformintosolarengineersbytheendoftheprogram.Theself-confidencetheygainallowsthemtogoonandinspirepositivechangeintheirvillages.Since2008,thewomenhavemanagedtoprovideelectricitytoover1,000villages,bringinglighttomorethan40,000households.(通過實(shí)踐培訓(xùn)，這些女性在項(xiàng)目結(jié)束時(shí)變成了太陽能工程師。他們獲得的自信使他們能夠繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，并在他們的村莊激發(fā)積極的變化。自2008年以來，這些女性已經(jīng)成功地為1000多個(gè)村莊提供了電力，為4萬多戶家庭帶來了光明。)”可知，赤腳學(xué)院太陽能工程項(xiàng)目的影響是它為偏遠(yuǎn)村莊的數(shù)千戶家庭提供了電力。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及最后一段“BarefootCollegehasdemonstratedhoweducationcanempowerruralpeopleandhelpthemlivebetterlives.AfteritssuccessinIndia,BarefootCollegedecidedtoexpanditsprogramsoverseas.Today,ithasanumberofregionaltrainingcentersincountriessuchasEthiopia,Afghanistan,andSenegal.Throughtheirhardworkanddedication,thousandsofBarefootCollegegraduatesandteachershavetransformedtheircommunitiesintobetterplacestolive.(赤腳學(xué)院展示了教育如何賦予農(nóng)村人民權(quán)力，幫助他們過上更好的生活。在印度取得成功后，赤腳學(xué)院決定將其項(xiàng)目擴(kuò)展到海外。如今，該組織在埃塞俄比亞、阿富汗和塞內(nèi)加爾等國設(shè)有多個(gè)區(qū)域培訓(xùn)中心。通過他們的辛勤工作和奉獻(xiàn)，數(shù)千名赤腳大學(xué)畢業(yè)生和教師將他們的社區(qū)變成了更好的居住場所。)”可知，這篇文章主要信息是教育在減輕貧困和促進(jìn)福祉方面的力量。故選C項(xiàng)。DFortheperfectcupoftea,doesoneaddmilktoboilingwater,ortheopposite?Neither,ifnewresearchinthejournalCurrentBiologyistobebelieved.Whatmustbepreparedfirst,instead,arethemicrobes(微生物).Scientistsareincreasinglyawarethatthefungiandbacterialivingaroundaplant'srootscansignificantlyaffectitsgrowthbyenhancingtheabsorptionofcriticalnutrientslikeironandnitrogen.ThispossibilityofenhancednitrogenabsorptionwasparticularlyfascinatingtoteaexpertsXinWeiandTangWenxinatFujianAgricultureandForestryUniversityinChinabecauseteaplantsrelyuponnitrogen-richsoilaroundtheirrootstoproducetheanine,anaminoacidthatgeneratestheiruniquepleasantflavors.Dr.XinandDr.Tangfoundthattheanineproductionvariedwidely,evenamongsimilarteas.SomehighlyvaluedoolongteassuchasRougui,producedalotofthechemical,whereasothers,suchasMaoxie,producedless.Thisdifferencewasparticularlyobviousintheautumn,whentherootswereaccumulatingtheanine.Thisbroughtaboutanaturalquestion.IfthemicrobecommunityfoundaroundRouguiweretransplantedtootherteaplants,mightthisincreasetheirtheanineproductionand,inturn,improvetheirflavor?Toexplorethis,theresearcherscreatedacommunityofmicrobesmadeupof21bacterialvarietiesthatresembledthecommunityfoundaroundRouguirootsandappliedthemtotherootsofMaoxieplants.TheyreportthisweekthatthisnearlytripledthetheanineaccumulationinMaoxieleaves.Whilethetime-consumingprocessoftransformingleavesintodrinkableteahasyettobecompleted,theresearchershavelittledoubtthattherewillbebigdifferences.Flavorsaside,theRouguimicrobesamplethatDr.XinandDr.Tangworkedwithhasthepotentialtomakeawiderenvironmentalimpact.Mostfarmers,notjustteagrowers,addsomeformofnitrogentotheirsoiltoenhancegrowth.Whilesomeofthisisabsorbedbyplants,mostrunsoffduringheavyrainsandendsuppollutingnaturalwaterbodies.Whentheresearchersappliedtheirmicrobialcocktailtosoilaroundtherootsofcress(水芹)plants,whichisthelabratofthebotanicalworld,theyfoundthat,justaswithMaoxie,thenewcomersenhancednitrogenuptake.Thissuggeststhatthesemicrobeshavethepotentialtocreatenewflavorswhilealsoreducingagriculturalpollution.Thatshouldbeeveryone'scupoftea.12.Whichofthefollowingdirectlydeterminestheflavoroftea?A.Microbes. B.Theanine. C.Nitrogen. D.Fungi.13.WhatwastheprimarygoaloftheexperimentmentionedinParagraph3?A.Todeterminetheeffectofmicrobesontealeafcolor.B.Toincreasethecaffeinecontentintealeaves.C.ToenhancetheanineproductioninMaoxieteaplants.D.Toidentifynewvarietiesoftea-producingbacteria.14.Whatcanweinferaboutthefutureofteaproductionwiththeuseofmicrobes?A.Itisverylikelytoleadtoasignificantincreaseinteaproductioncosts.B.Ithasthepotentialtoreducewaterpollutioncausedbyfarming.C.Itwillreplacetraditionalmethodsofgrowingteaentirely.D.Itsbenefitsarelimitedtocertaintypesofteaplants.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TeaScience:MicrobesFunctioningB.Microbes’Role:EnhancingTeaProductionC.DiscoveringNewMicrobeVarietiesinTeaPlantsD.RethinkingtheimpactofMicrobesonEnvironment【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要講述了《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》的新研究指出，要泡出完美的茶，首要準(zhǔn)備的并非水與牛奶的添加順序，而是微生物。科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)植物根部周圍的真菌和細(xì)菌能通過增強(qiáng)鐵、氮等關(guān)鍵營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的吸收，顯著影響植物生長。中國福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)的茶專家辛偉和唐文鑫關(guān)注到，茶樹依賴根部富氮土壤產(chǎn)生茶氨酸，以形成獨(dú)特風(fēng)味，但不同茶樹茶氨酸產(chǎn)量差異大，秋季尤為明顯，如肉桂烏龍產(chǎn)量高，毛蟹產(chǎn)量低?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ThispossibilityofenhancednitrogenabsorptionwasparticularlyfascinatingtoteaexpertsXinWeiandTangWenxinatFujianAgricultureandForestryUniversityinChinabecauseteaplantsrelyuponnitrogen-richsoilaroundtheirrootstoproducetheanine,anaminoacidthatgeneratestheiruniquepleasantflavors.Dr.XinandDr.Tangfoundthattheanineproductionvariedwidely,evenamongsimilarteas.(中國福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)的茶葉專家辛偉和唐文鑫對(duì)這種增強(qiáng)氮吸收的可能性特別感興趣，因?yàn)椴铇湟揽扛恐車缓耐寥纴懋a(chǎn)生茶氨酸，這種氨基酸能產(chǎn)生獨(dú)特的宜人味道。辛博士和唐博士發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使在類似的茶中，茶氨酸的含量也存在很大差異。)”可知，茶氨酸直接決定了茶的味道。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“IfthemicrobecommunityfoundaroundRouguiweretransplantedtootherteaplants,mightthisincreasetheirtheanineproductionand,inturn,improvetheirflavor?Toexplorethis,theresearcherscreatedacommunityofmicrobesmadeupof21bacterialvarietiesthatresembledthecommunityfoundaroundRouguirootsandappliedthemtotherootsofMaoxieplants.TheyreportthisweekthatthisnearlytripledthetheanineaccumulationinMaoxieleaves.(如果將肉桂周圍發(fā)現(xiàn)的微生物群落移植到其他茶樹中，是否會(huì)增加它們的茶氨酸產(chǎn)量，進(jìn)而改善它們的風(fēng)味？為了探索這一點(diǎn)，研究人員創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)由21個(gè)細(xì)菌品種組成的微生物群落，這些細(xì)菌品種與肉桂根周圍的細(xì)菌群落相似，并將它們應(yīng)用于毛蟹植物的根部。他們本周報(bào)告說，這幾乎使毛蟹葉中的茶氨酸積累增加了兩倍。)”可推知，第三段提到的實(shí)驗(yàn)的主要目的是提高毛蟹茶樹茶氨酸的產(chǎn)量。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Whilesomeofthisisabsorbedbyplants,mostrunsoffduringheavyrainsandendsuppollutingnaturalwaterbodies.Whentheresearchersappliedtheirmicrobialcocktailtosoilaroundtherootsofcress(水芹)plants,whichisthelabratofthebotanicalworld,theyfoundthat,justaswithMaoxie,thenewcomersenhancednitrogenuptake.Thissuggeststhatthesemicrobeshavethepotentialtocreatenewflavorswhilealsoreducingagriculturalpollution.(雖然其中一些被植物吸收，但大部分在大雨中流失，最終污染了自然水體。當(dāng)研究人員將他們的微生物混合物應(yīng)用于植物界的小白鼠——袍草根部周圍的土壤時(shí)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，與毛蟹葉一樣，新來者提高了氮的吸收。這表明這些微生物有潛力創(chuàng)造新的風(fēng)味，同時(shí)還能減少農(nóng)業(yè)污染。)”可知，通過使用微生物，我們可以推斷出茶葉生產(chǎn)的未來有可能減少農(nóng)業(yè)造成的水污染。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“Fortheperfectcupoftea,doesoneaddmilktoboilingwater,ortheopposite?Neither,ifnewresearchinthejournalCurrentBiologyistobebelieved.Whatmustbepreparedfirst,instead,arethemicrobes(微生物).(一杯完美的茶，是往開水里加牛奶，還是相反？如果《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》雜志上的一項(xiàng)新研究可信的話，這兩者都不是。相反，首先必須準(zhǔn)備的是微生物。)”可知，文章主要講的是《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》的新研究指出，要泡出完美的茶，首要準(zhǔn)備的并非水與牛奶的添加順序，而是微生物。科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)植物根部周圍的真菌和細(xì)菌能通過增強(qiáng)鐵、氮等關(guān)鍵營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的吸收，顯著影響植物生長。中國福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)的茶專家辛偉和唐文鑫關(guān)注到，茶樹依賴根部富氮土壤產(chǎn)生茶氨酸，以形成獨(dú)特風(fēng)味，但不同茶樹茶氨酸產(chǎn)量差異大，秋季尤為明顯，如肉桂烏龍產(chǎn)量高，毛蟹產(chǎn)量低。故這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題是“茶科學(xué)：微生物的功能”。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。___16___.Thisisclothing.Itisundoubtedthatmanwearsclothingforatleastthreepurposes,namelyforprotection,fordecoration,andformodesty(謙恭).Inotherwords,clothingcanprotectusfromtherainandfromthesun.Itcanalsomakeuslookhandsomeorbeautiful.Moreover,itcanreflectthemannerswehave.___17___.Thismeansclothingcanfunctiontorevealaperson'spersonalitybecauseeverybodyhastheirownfavorofwearingclothes:thecolors,thestylesandthedecorationsoftheclothesvaryfrompersontoperson.Apersonwhoisactiveandyoungmayliketowearclothingwhichiscolorfulandbrighter,___18___.Ontheotherhand,anofficialwhoisinchargeofhiscompanyorwhoistheleaderofhisfirmlikestotidyhimselfup.Bydoingso,helooksdynamic.___19___.Onthecontrary,apersonwhodoesnotdressupandgettidylooksuntrustworthy.Inaformalsituation,thiskindofclothingwillbethoughtofasunsuitableandimproper.Attendinganimportantmeetingwithcasualclothing,themanwillbethoughtlittleof.___20___.Buttheclothingamanwearscanrevealhispersonality.Therefore,whatandhowtowearisimportantbecausewhatyouwearshowsyourfactorandhowyouwearrevealsyourpersonality.Astrongpersonalityorweakonecanbetoldbytheclothingamanwears.A.DifferentpeoplehavedifferentneedsB.Toconclude,manmaywearclothingfordifferentpurposesC.forcolorfulandbrighterclothingrepresentsbeingyoungandactiveD.Andaperson'spersonalitycanbeshownbytheclothinghewearsE.ItiseasyforhimtosetagoodexampleforhismemberstofollowF.Inadditiontofoodandshelter,manhasanotherimportantneedG.whileapersonwhoisinactiveandoldmayliketowearclothingwhichisplainanddarker【答案】16.F17.D18.G19.E20.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了穿著和性格之間的關(guān)系。【16題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Thisisclothing.(這就是衣服)”可知，選項(xiàng)承接下文說明人類其它的需求。故F選項(xiàng)“除了食物和住所，人類還有另一個(gè)重要的需求”切題。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Thismeansclothingcanfunctiontorevealaperson'spersonalitybecauseeverybodyhastheirownfavorofwearingclothes:thecolors,thestylesandthedecorationsoftheclothesvaryfrompersontoperson.(這意味著衣服可以揭示一個(gè)人的個(gè)性，因?yàn)槊總€(gè)人都有自己喜歡穿的衣服：衣服的顏色、款式和裝飾因人而異)”可知，下文承接上文，與上文意義一致。revealaperson'spersonality呼應(yīng)Andaperson'spersonalitycanbeshownbytheclothinghewears。故D選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)人的性格可以從他穿的衣服上看出來”切題。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Apersonwhoisactiveandyoungmayliketowearclothingwhichiscolorfulandbrighter,(一個(gè)活躍和年輕的人可能喜歡穿色彩鮮艷的衣服)”可知，選項(xiàng)與上文為對(duì)比關(guān)系說明不活躍和年老的人喜歡的衣著情況。故G選項(xiàng)“而一個(gè)不活躍和年老的人可能喜歡穿樸素和深色的衣服”切題。故選G項(xiàng)。【19題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Ontheotherhand,anofficialwhoisinchargeofhiscompanyorwhoistheleaderofhisfirmlikestotidyhimselfup.Bydoingso,helooksdynamic.(另一方面，一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)自己公司或領(lǐng)導(dǎo)自己企業(yè)的人喜歡把自己收拾得干凈利落。這樣做讓他看起來充滿活力)”可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文說明上文的行為產(chǎn)生的作用。故E選項(xiàng)“對(duì)他來說，為他的成員樹立一個(gè)好榜樣是很容易的”切題。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Therefore,whatandhowtowearisimportantbecausewhatyouwearshowsyourfactorandhowyouwearrevealsyourpersonality.(因此，穿什么和怎么穿很重要，因?yàn)槟愕拇┲@示了你的因素，而你的穿著方式揭示了你的個(gè)性)”可知，上文是對(duì)人們穿著的總結(jié)。故B選項(xiàng)“總之，人們穿著衣服可能有不同的目的”切題，總結(jié)上文承接下文。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。HowtoAvoidRaisingaSpoiledChildInthenowclassicscenefromthemovieWillyWonkaandtheChocolateFactory,alittlegirlstampsherfootand___21___,“IwantanOompaLoompanow!”asherfatherhurriestogetherone.Themoreeverydayversionisthatthechildloses___22___atthegrocerycheckoutline,stampingandyellingtogetcandy.Othercustomersshaketheirheadsor___23___theireyesastheywatchthe___24___parentgrabacandybarofftheshelfandhandittothechild.Wecancallsuchbehavior___25___,overlovedorentitled.Whatevertheterm,childrenwholearnthattheirtantrums(發(fā)怒)anddemandscangetthemwhattheywantcan___26___notonlyrunningthefamilyasteensbutalsostrugglingintheirrelationshipsas___27___.Believingtheworldmovesaroundthemleavesothersseeingthemasself-centered,demandingand___28___ofothers.Theyareoftenin___29___atwork,andtheirhomelifecreatesconstantconflictsorleaveseveryonewalkingon____30____.So,howdoweavoidraisingaspoiledchild?Carrotsarealwaysbetterthansticks.Theruleof____31____istotakeactionandbeasnon-emotionalaspossiblewhenyouneedtosetlimits.Andwhenyourchilddoesn’thaveatantrumatthecheckout,whensheisacting____32____,it’stimetogetouttheballoonsandconfetti(五彩紙屑).Thedangerwithalways____33____andprovidinglittlerewardisthatthechildlearnstoseek____34____attention,whichforachildisbetterthannoattentionatall.Buildingin____35____qualitytimehalfanhourbeforebedtimeora(n)weekendoutingwithateendoesthesamemagic.21.A.smiles B.whispers C.speaks D.screams22.A.money B.interest C.heart D.temper23.A.roll B.narrow C.close D.focus24.A.sorrowful B.exited C.annoyed D.frightening25.A.violent B.spoiled C.serious D.panicked26.A.relyon B.goon C.endup D.takeup27.A.children B.adults C.juniors D.seniors28.A.inconsiderate B.thoughtful C.supportive D.ashamed29.A.danger B.debt C.trouble D.confusion30.A.eggshells B.grounds C.nuts D.carpets31.A.arm B.heart C.thumb D.eye32.A.poorly B.appropriately C.rudely D.successfully33.A.praising B.blaming C.comforting D.distancing34.A.objective B.immediate C.further D.negative35.A.experimental B.accidental C.sudden D.regular【答案】21.D22.D23.A24.C25.B26.C27.B28.A29.C30.A31.C32.B33.B34.D35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了父母如何避免養(yǎng)育出一個(gè)被寵壞的孩子?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在電影《威利旺卡和巧克力工廠》中的經(jīng)典場景中，一個(gè)小女孩跺著腳尖叫：“我現(xiàn)在要一個(gè)奧柏倫柏！”她的父親趕緊給她買了一個(gè)。A.smiles微笑；B.whispers耳語；C.speaks說話；D.screams尖叫。根據(jù)上文“stampsherfoot(跺腳)”可知，孩子跺著腳尖叫著。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：更日常的版本是孩子在雜貨店結(jié)賬時(shí)發(fā)脾氣，跺著腳大喊著要糖果。A.money金錢；B.interest興趣；C.heart心臟；D.temper壞脾氣。根據(jù)下文“stampingandyellingtogetcandy.”可知，孩子在公眾場所發(fā)脾氣，losetemper意為“發(fā)脾氣”。故選D。【23題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：其他顧客看著惱火的父母從貨架上拿下一塊糖果遞給孩子，都搖頭或翻白眼。A.roll翻滾；B.narrow縮小；C.close關(guān)閉；D.focus聚焦。根據(jù)“shaketheirheads”可知，其他顧客對(duì)父母縱容表現(xiàn)出“翻白眼”的不滿，rollone’seyes意為“翻白眼”。故選A。【24題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：其他顧客看著惱火的父母從貨架上拿下一塊糖果遞給孩子，都搖頭或翻白眼。A.sorrowful傷心的；B.exited興奮的；C.annoyed惱火的；D.frightening可怕的。根據(jù)上文“Themoreeverydayversionisthatthechildloses_____atthegrocerycheckoutline,stampingandyellingtogetcandy.”可知，父母因?yàn)楹⒆拥某臭[而妥協(xié)，所以此處表示父母是惱火的。故選C。【25題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這種行為可以被稱為被寵壞的、被愛過頭了或者以自我為中心。A.violent暴力的；B.spoiled被寵壞的；C.serious嚴(yán)重的；D.panicked驚慌的。根據(jù)文章主題“SpoiledChild”及下文“howdoweavoidraisingaspoiledchild?”可知，此處指的是“被寵壞的”行為。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：不管是什么，如果孩子們知道他們的發(fā)脾氣和要求可以讓他們得到他們想要的東西，那么他們最終不僅影響到家庭的管理，而且會(huì)在成年后的人際關(guān)系中掙扎。A.relyon依賴；B.goon繼續(xù)；C.endup最終；D.takeup占據(jù)。根據(jù)下文“notonlyrunningthefamily，可知，他們最終不僅影響到家庭的管理。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不管是什么，如果孩子們知道他們的發(fā)脾氣和要求可以讓他們得到他們想要的東西，那么他們最終不僅影響到家庭的管理，而且會(huì)在成年后的人際關(guān)系中掙扎。A.children兒童；B.adults成年人；C.juniors年少者；D.seniors年長者。根據(jù)上文“teens”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)在成年后也會(huì)掙扎。故選B?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：相信世界是繞著他們轉(zhuǎn)的，會(huì)讓別人認(rèn)為他們以自我為中心，要求很高，不為別人著想。A.inconsiderate不為他人著想的；B.thoughtful體貼的；C.supportive支持的；D.ashamed羞愧的。根據(jù)句中“self-centered(以自我為中心)”可知，此處表示不考慮別人，不為他人著想。故選A。【29題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們經(jīng)常在工作中遇到麻煩，他們的家庭生活經(jīng)常產(chǎn)生沖突，或者讓每個(gè)人都如履薄冰。A.danger危險(xiǎn)；B.debt債務(wù)；C.trouble麻煩；D.confusion困惑。根據(jù)下文“theirhom