云南省昆明市祿勸縣2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1云南省昆明市祿勸縣2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthewomangetfromherfather?A.Abirthdaycard.B.Abook.C.Anewbike.2.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.3.HowwillJanegettotheschoolgate?A.Onfoot.B.Bycar.C.Bysubway.4.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$20.B.$25.C.$30.5.Whattimewilltheshoppingmallopen?A.At9:00.B.At9:30.C.At10:00.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。6.WhoisgoinghikingthisSunday?A.Peter.B.Theman.C.Thewoman.7.Whatisthewomangoingtobuy?A.Snacks.B.Amap.C.Hikingshoes.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodoonthebeach?A.Haveawalk.B.Collectsomeshells.C.Playbeachvolleyball.9.Wheredothespeakerplantogotomorrow?A.Toanartmuseum.B.Toawaterpark.C.Toalocalrestaurant.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onthephone.B.Atatravelagency.C.Athome.11.Inwhichcountrywillthetourend?A.Finland.B.Sweden.C.Germany.12.Howlongdoesthetourlast?A.Only5days.B.About30days.C.Nearly60days.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。13.Whatisthewoman'smainpurposeofwritingtheletter?A.Tomakeaninvitation.B.Toexpressherthanks.C.Toapplytocollege.14.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofwritinglettersinGerman?A.Easy.B.Hard.C.Interesting.15.Whendidthewomanfinishwritingtheletter?A.Yesterdayafternoon.B.Lastnight.C.Thismorning.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Classmates.C.Penpals.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whatistoday'sprogrammainlyabout?A.Americanhistory.B.Hemingway'slife.C.Hemingway'sworks.18.WhatwasHemingway'sfather?A.Apainter.B.Apianist.C.Adoctor.19.WhatdidHemingwaydoafterheleftthenewspaper?A.Hewenttotheuniversity.B.Hejoinedthearmy.C.HejoinedtheRedCross.20.WheredidSherwoodAndersonadviseHemingwaytomove?A.ToParis.B.ToKansasCity.C.ToChicago.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACityHotelsRoyalIt’seasytomissthiscentralhotelhiddenawayinasidestreet.Unlimitedcoffee,butnothingmore,isavailableinthemorning,buttherearefoodstoresashortwalkaway.WindmillThismedium-pricedhotelsurroundedbyartists’studios,livelybarsandinterestingfoodshopsisrightinthemiddleofthecity.Theundergroundstationoutsidewilltakeyouanywhere,includingtheairportwithinminutes.Helpyourselftobreakfastfrom8amdownstairs.Hi-TechAllcostsarekeptlowhere.GuestsbookontheInternet,thencheckinandbuyeverythingtheyneedfrommachines.Breakfastcomesinairline-styleboxes.Yousleepinatinycabin(隔間)foroneandrollupyourbedduringtheday.It’safunchoiceforbackpackers,whogettogetherinthelivelyclubnextdoor.Stark’sAleadingdesignerhasdecoratedtheinsideofthissmartmodernhotelwithwhitebedcoversandwoodenfloors.Thegroundfloorhasatop-classrestaurantandgym.Receptionisopen24hoursaday.MarsHotelMarsislocatedononeofthemainstreets,ashortwalkfromtouristattractions,theatersandrestaurants.Theluxuryroomsarebeautifullydecorated.Anexcellentbreakfastisservedbywaitersinthetop-floorrestaurant,whichalsooffersbreathtakingeveningviewsoverthecity.HaussmanThewonderfulcitymuseumisrightnextdoortothisfriendly19th-centuryhotel.Thehotelgamesroomwillkeepallagesentertained,andthere’splentyonofferattheself-servicebreakfast.Staffarealwayshappytosupplyinformationaboutwhat’son.1.WhatcanbelearnedaboutWindmill?A.Itoffersunlimitedcoffee. B.Ithasanonline-orderingservice.C.Itisdesignedbyaleadingartist. D.Itisnexttoanundergroundstation.2.WhatisprobablyamajorconcernoftravelerswhochoosetostayinHi-Tech?A.Comfort. B.Security. C.Price. D.Service.3.Whichhotelbestsuitspeoplewhowanttoenjoyeveningviewsoverthecity?A.Royal. B.Mars. C.Haussman. D.Stark’s.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章是對(duì)城市中的幾家酒店的介紹?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Windmill中的“Theundergroundstationoutsidewilltakeyouanywhere,includingtheairportwithinminutes.(外面的地鐵站可以帶你去任何地方，幾分鐘內(nèi)就能到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)。)”可知，該酒店緊鄰地鐵站。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Hi-Tech中的“Allcostsarekeptlowhere.(這里所有的成本都很低。)”和“It’safunchoiceforbackpackers,whogettogetherinthelivelyclubnextdoor.(對(duì)于背包客來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一個(gè)有趣的選擇，他們可以在隔壁熱鬧的俱樂(lè)部聚會(huì)。)”可知，該酒店價(jià)格便宜，這是吸引背包客很重要的一點(diǎn)。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Mars中“Anexcellentbreakfastisservedbywaitersinthetop-floorrestaurant,whichalsooffersbreathtakingeveningviewsoverthecity.(服務(wù)員在頂樓的餐廳供應(yīng)美味的早餐，而這里也提供了驚人的城市夜景。)”可知，在該酒店的頂層餐廳可以欣賞到壯觀的城市夜景。故選B。BPamelaMalhotrahasalwaysattachedgreatimportancetoeducation.However,lifealwaysseemedto“getintheway”everytimeshetriedtofinishherbachelor’sdegree.Thesinglemomwassodevotedtoworkingtosupporthertwochildrenthatsherepeatedlyputherowneducationgoalsonhold,givinguphercollegeprogramontwoseparateoccasionsovertheyears.Whenhewasjustfiveyearsold,hersonBonifacioMalhotranoticedherstrugglingtogetherdegree,andhemadeapromisetohelpher.“IrememberIjusttoldmymom…oneday,it’sgonnabeyouandme,”Bonifaciosaid.“We’regoingtogainourdegreesatthesametime.”Thosewordsprovedtobepredictableforthemom-and-sonduo,whocurrentlywalkedacrossthestageattheuniversitytocollecttheirbachelor’sdegreestogether!“Thatpromise,heneverallowedittodie,”saidPamela.“Hecontinuouslyconfirmedthatwe’regonnadothis.”Theirpathtograduationwasn’teasy,butBonifaciostayedtruetohispromiseandhelpedhismotheralongtheway.Thetwoholdtwoassociate’sdegreeseach,sointhefallof2021theyregisteredtogetherinbachelor-levelonlinecourses.Theybothfoundtheclasseschallenging,butBonifaciosteppedupasthecheerleaderhismotherneeded.“Mom,you’vegottokeepitgoing.Iknowyouwanttostop.Wemustkeepgoing,”Bonifaciorecalled.“Themainthingwasjusttryingtogeteverythinglinedupandstayontopofallthework.”IttooktheMalhotrastwoyearstofinishtheirbachelor’sdegrees,hersinhumanitiesandBonifacio’sinpublicsafetyadministration.Pamelaplanstostayatherjobasacoordinator,andBonifaciohasacceptedajobatuniversitytohelpotherstudentssucceedincollege,too.Pamelasaidshewasincrediblyproudofherson’sachievement,andshepersonallycouldn’thavereachedherlifelonggoalwithoutthesupportofherfamily,especiallyhim.“Betweenmysonandmydaughter,theyweremygreatestsupporter,”P(pán)amelaproudlysaid.4.WhyPamelaMalhotracouldn’tfinishherbachelor’sdegree?A.Becauseshedidn’tworkhardenough.B.Becauseshewasdevotedtoworkingtosupporthertwochildren.C.Becauseherhusbanddidnotallowedhertofurtherstudy.D.Becauseshecouldn’tfindapropermajor.5.WhatdoweknowabouttheMalhotras?A.Theytookonlinecoursesatthesametime.B.Pamelathoughtthecoursesweremorechallenging.C.Bonifaciomajoredinhumanitiesatuniversity.D.Pamelanowworksasauniversityteacher.6.WhichofthefollowingstatementscanbestdescribeBonifacio?A.He’sthegoodmanofthehouse. B.He’samanofallwork.C.He’samanamongmen. D.He’samanofhisword.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.WeValuetheTimeBeingwithFamilies B.FamiliesHelpEachOtherC.TheHomeIsOurHeaven D.EachFamilyHasItsOwnProblems【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了單身母親Pamela為了撫養(yǎng)兩個(gè)孩子不得不多次擱置自己攻讀學(xué)位的目標(biāo)，兒子Bonifacio從小就承諾要幫助母親實(shí)現(xiàn)獲得學(xué)位的目標(biāo)，后來(lái)兩人同時(shí)攻讀學(xué)位，兒子一直鼓勵(lì)母親，幫助母親，最后兩人都成功獲得學(xué)位?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thesinglemomwassodevotedtoworkingtosupporthertwochildrenthatsherepeatedlyputherowneducationgoalsonhold,givinguphercollegeprogramontwoseparateoccasionsovertheyears.(這位單親媽媽為了撫養(yǎng)兩個(gè)孩子而全身心地工作，以至于她多次擱置自己的教育目標(biāo)，在過(guò)去的幾年里，她曾兩次放棄大學(xué)課程。)”可知，PamelaMalhotra無(wú)法完成學(xué)士學(xué)位是因?yàn)樗硇牡毓ぷ鱽?lái)養(yǎng)活兩個(gè)孩子。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thetwoholdtwoassociate’sdegreeseach,sointhefallof2021theyregisteredtogetherinbachelor-levelonlinecourses.(兩人各自擁有兩個(gè)副學(xué)士學(xué)位，所以在2021年秋季，他們一起注冊(cè)了學(xué)士學(xué)位的在線(xiàn)課程。)”可知，兒子Bonifacio和母親Pamela同時(shí)參加了在線(xiàn)課程。故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thatpromise,heneverallowedittodie(那個(gè)承諾，他從未讓它消失。)”和“Theirpathtograduationwasn’teasy,butBonifaciostayedtruetohispromiseandhelpedhismotheralongtheway.(他們的畢業(yè)之路并不容易，但Bonifacio信守諾言，一路幫助他的母親。)”可知，Bonifacio信守對(duì)母親的承諾，在攻讀學(xué)位的過(guò)程中一直幫助母親，最終讓母親的夢(mèng)想成真。由此可知，他是個(gè)守信用的人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段中“Pamelasaidshewasincrediblyproudofherson’sachievement,andshepersonallycouldn’thavereachedherlifelonggoalwithoutthesupportofherfamily,especiallyhim.(Pamela說(shuō)，她為兒子的成就感到無(wú)比自豪，如果沒(méi)有家人的支持，尤其是兒子的支持，她不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的人生目標(biāo)。)”可知，文章圍繞Malhotras一家相互支持的故事展開(kāi)，單身母親Pamela為了撫養(yǎng)兩個(gè)孩子不得不多次擱置自己攻讀學(xué)位的目標(biāo)，兒子Bonifacio從小就承諾要幫助母親實(shí)現(xiàn)獲得學(xué)位的目標(biāo)，后來(lái)兩人同時(shí)攻讀學(xué)位，兒子一直鼓勵(lì)母親，幫助母親，最后兩人都成功獲得學(xué)位。因此，B項(xiàng)“家庭成員互相幫助”符合文章大意，最適合作為標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。CHowimportanthasInternetbecomeinourlives?ThePewResearchCenterconductedasurveytocelebratetheWeb’s25thbirthday.Theresearchersweregreatlyheartenedbywhattheyfound.“In2006,only14percentofAmericanadultsusedInternet.Today,it’s87percent,”saidLeeRainie,thedirectorofthePewResearchCenter’sInternetProject.“Itiswhathasimpressedusthemost.”Thesurveyalsoshowedthat70percentoftheInternetusershavebeentreatedkindlyorgenerouslyonline,while25percentofrespondentssaidtheyhavebeentreatedunkindly.Morethanhalf—56percent—ofuserssaidthey’veseenanonlinecommunitycometogethertohelpsomeonesolveaproblem.25percentsaidthey’veleftanonlinegroupbecausemembersweretoounpleasant.WhenPewaskedquestionsaboutwhetherbeingonlinehasenrichedpeople’srelationships—ornot—theresultswereverypositive:67percentofInternetuserssaidtheironlinecommunicationwithfamilyandfriendshasgenerallystrengthenedthoserelationships.Only18percentsaidithasgenerallyweakenedthoserelationships.Accordingtothesurvey,53percentofInternetuserssaidInternethasbecomethehardesttechtooltogiveup.Itis15percenthigherthantheresultofasimilarsurveyconductedin2006.Infact,morepeoplesaidtheywouldhaveahardertimestoppingusingInternetthangivingupTV.(Thesedays,somuchgreattelevisionstreamsacrosstheInternetthatitmakessense.)“Inoursurvey,wehavefoundthattheWebmakesafewpeopleveryunhappy.There’sstrongevidencepointingtothefactthatInternetuserstendtocomparetheirdailyliveswiththe‘highlightmoments’oftheirfriends’lives,”saidLeeRainie.“It’sreallysilly.”8.Whichisthemostimpressiveresultofthelatestsurvey?A.Users’dependenceonInternet. B.ThefastgrowthofInternetusers.C.Thekindnessofonlinecommunities. D.Thestrengthenedfamilyrelationships.9.HowmanyparticipantsfounditthehardesttogiveupInternetin2006?A.15%. B.38%. C.53%. D.68%.10.WhatmessagedoesLeeRainieseemtoconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Onlinedepressioncannotbeavoided. B.Don’tshowoffinonlinecommunities.C.Don’tmakeunnecessarycomparison. D.Copyyourfriends’wonderfullifestyles.11.Howdotheresearchersfeelabouttheresultsofthesurvey?A.Optimistic. B.Worried. C.Unconcerned. D.Doubtful.【答案】8.B9.B10.C11.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。研究人員通過(guò)調(diào)查研究發(fā)現(xiàn)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶(hù)數(shù)量的爆炸式增長(zhǎng)，但是網(wǎng)絡(luò)也使很多人感到不快樂(lè)。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第二段“‘In2006,only14percentofAmericanadultsusedInternet.Today,it’s87percent,’saidLeeRainie,thedirectorofthePewResearchCenter’sInternetProject.‘Itiswhathasimpressedusthemost.’（2006年，只有14%的美國(guó)成年人使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。皮尤研究中心(PewResearchCenter)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)項(xiàng)目主管李?雷尼(LeeRainie)說(shuō)，如今這個(gè)數(shù)字是87%?！斑@是給我們印象最深的。”）”及對(duì)比其他各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)數(shù)值可知，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶(hù)數(shù)量的爆炸式增長(zhǎng)給研究人員留下了最深刻的印象。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Accordingtothesurvey,53percentofInternetuserssaidInternethasbecomethehardesttechtooltogiveup.Itis15percenthigherthantheresultofasimilarsurveyconductedin2006.（調(diào)查顯示，53%的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶(hù)表示，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)已成為最難放棄的科技工具。這比2006年進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)類(lèi)似調(diào)查的結(jié)果高出15%。）”可知，百分之38受訪(fǎng)者認(rèn)為2006年最難戒掉互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。故選B。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)最后一段“‘There’sstrongevidencepointingtothefactthatInternetuserstendtocomparetheirdailyliveswiththe‘highlightmoments’oftheirfriends’lives,’saidLeeRainie.‘It’sreallysilly.’（LeeRainie說(shuō):“有強(qiáng)有力的證據(jù)表明，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶(hù)傾向于將自己的日常生活與朋友生活中的‘精彩時(shí)刻’進(jìn)行比較?！薄斑@真的很愚蠢?！保笨芍?，LeeRainie是在提醒網(wǎng)民不要進(jìn)行錯(cuò)誤的攀比。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題，通讀全文，尤其是第一段“ThePewResearchCenterconductedasurveytocelebratetheWeb’s25thbirthday.Theresearchersweregreatlyheartenedbywhattheyfound.（皮尤研究中心為慶祝網(wǎng)絡(luò)誕生25周年進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)調(diào)查。研究人員對(duì)他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)感到非常振奮。）”可推斷，研究人員對(duì)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的普及持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度。故選A。DDoyoufeellonely?TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)recentlyaddressedlonelinessasapressinghealththreat.Itcalledforcountriesandorganizationstomakesocialconnectionsapriority.Lonelinessisastateofmindmarkedbyfeelingsofisolation(孤獨(dú))despitewantingsocialconnections.So,peoplewhoarelonelyusuallyexperiencetheemotionalpainofnotbeingconnectedwithothers.Solitude(獨(dú)處),ontheotherhand,isvoluntary.Peoplewhoenjoyspendingtimebythemselvescontinuetomaintainpositivesocialrelationshipsthattheycanreturntowhentheywantconnection.Socialisolationimpactsthehealthandwell-beingofallagegroupsacrosstheworld.AccordingtotheWHO,oneinfouroldpeopleexperiencesocialisolation.Amongadolescents,between5and15percentexperienceloneliness,butthenumbersarelikelytobeunderestimations,saidtheorganization.Intermsofteenagers,socialdisconnectioncanleadtopoorereducationoutcomessinceyoungpeoplewhohaveexperiencedlonelinessinhighschoolaremorelikelytodropoutofuniversity.Lackofsocialconnectioncarriesariskofearlydeathequivalenttootherbetter-knownriskfactorssuchassmoking,obesityandairpollution,orpotentiallyevengreater.Lonelinesshasafar-reachingimpactcomparabletosmokingupto15cigarettesaday,accordingtoa2017study.Previousstudieshaveshownthatlonelinesshasbeenlinkedtoanxietyanddepressionandcanincreasetheriskofheartdiseaseby30percent.A2015studylookedattheimmunesystemsofitsparticipantswhowereidentifiedaslonely.Itshowedthattheytendtohavemoreinflammation(炎癥)andlessimmunity,whichcanbearesultoffeelingstressedduetoloneliness.Totacklethiscrisis,theWHOlaunchedtheCommissiononSocialConnection,whichhelditsfirstleadershipmeetingfromDec.6to8tooutlinesolutionstobuildsocialconnectionsatscale.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutpeopleexperiencinglonelinessfromthetext?A.Theyprefersolitudeoversocialinteraction.B.Theyfeellackinginsocialconnection.C.Theyfeelotherpeopleisolatethemonpurpose.D.Theystruggletomaintainsocialrelationships.13.Howdoeslonelinessaffectpeopleofdifferentages,accordingtotheWHO?A.Itisharderforolderpeopletogetridofit.B.Teenagersareusuallynotinfluencedbyit.C.Peoplecansufferfromitregardlessoftheirage.D.Adultsexperienceitprimarilyduetoworkplacestress.14.Howdoestheauthorexplaintheimpactoflonelinessonhealth?A.Bycitingpreviousstudies. B.Byaskingthereaderssomequestions.C.Byquotinglonelypeople. D.Bycomparingitwithotherdiseases.15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthisarticle?A.Toraiseawarenessaboutloneliness.B.Togiveadviceonhowtopreventsocialisolation.C.Tostresstheneedformentalhealthevaluations.D.Towarnpeopleofdiseasesrelatedtoloneliness.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了孤獨(dú)的定義、在全球和各年齡段人口中的流行以及孤獨(dú)對(duì)人身體健康的危害?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Lonelinessisastateofmindmarkedbyfeelingsofisolation(孤獨(dú))despitewantingsocialconnections.(孤獨(dú)是一種心理狀態(tài)，盡管想要社會(huì)聯(lián)系，但卻感到孤立。)”可知，感到孤獨(dú)的人往往渴望社交但卻因?yàn)槿狈ι缃魂P(guān)系面感到孤獨(dú)和痛苦。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Socialisolationimpactsthehealthandwell-beingofallagegroupsacrosstheworld.(社會(huì)孤立影響著世界各地所有年齡組的健康和福祉。)”可知，各個(gè)年齡段的人都會(huì)受到孤獨(dú)的影響。故選C?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Lonelinesshasafar-reachingimpactcomparabletosmokingupto15cigarettesaday,accordingtoa2017study.(根據(jù)2017年的一項(xiàng)研究，孤獨(dú)的影響與每天吸煙多達(dá)15支香煙相當(dāng)。)”和第六段“Previousstudieshaveshownthatlonelinesshasbeenlinkedtoanxietyanddepressionandcanincreasetheriskofheartdiseaseby30percent.A2015studylookedattheimmunesystemsofitsparticipantswhowereidentifiedaslonely.(此前的研究表明，孤獨(dú)與焦慮和抑郁有關(guān)，并可能使患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加30%。2015年的一項(xiàng)研究調(diào)查了被認(rèn)為孤獨(dú)的參與者的免疫系統(tǒng)。)”可推斷，作者通過(guò)舉證過(guò)往的科學(xué)研究來(lái)解釋的孤獨(dú)對(duì)身體健康的危害。故選A?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文可知，文章主要介紹了孤獨(dú)的定義、在全球和各年齡段人口中的流行以及孤獨(dú)對(duì)人身體健康的危害，可推知作者寫(xiě)作本文的目的是為了提高人們對(duì)孤獨(dú)的認(rèn)識(shí)和關(guān)注。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Recyclingisgoodforourplanet,butitcanbeconfusing.CanIrecycleplasticbags?Whataboutpizzacartons?Toothpastetubes?WhichbinshouldIuse?Therearesomanyquestions,andmorethanhalfofAmericansareunsureabouthowtorecycle.____16____Here’sahandyfour-stepguideonhowtorecycleeffectively:Knowwhattoputintherecyclingbin.Keepitsimpleandfocusonthemostcommonlyrecycleditems,suchaspaper,glass,aluminumandplastic.____17____Don’tusetherecycledsymbolasaguide.“Thenumberonthecontainerisreallyforpeopletoidentifythetypeofresin(樹(shù)脂).That’snothelpfulforthecommonconsumer,”saidCodyMarshall,astrategistatnonprofitRecyclingPartnership.____18____Itisreallyimportanttoknowwhatyoucannotputinyourbin.YoucanalwayscheckwithyourcityoratBeR.IfyouliveintheUS,justpluginyourpostcodetosearch.Recyclingcompaniesstrugglewiththesameproblemitems:hoses(軟管),cords,needlesandclothing,accordingtoMarshall,sodon’tputthoseitemsinyourbin.Washorcleanitems.Doaquickcleantomakesurethereisnofoodleftincontainersbeforeyouputtheminthebin.____19____Savefoodforcomposting(堆肥)inyourgarden.Don’tbagit.Unlessyouliveinaplacethatrequiresit,likeNewYorkCity,keeptherecyclableslostinthebin.“Alotofthetime,it’snotsafeforouremployeestotearthosebagsopen,orittakestoomuchtime,”saidKeller.“____20____”A.Knowwhatisnotrecyclable.B.Theanswersarenothardtofind.C.Alotofbaggedstuffgoesrighttothelandfill.D.Plasticbagscanbeusedagainorreturnedtogrocerystores.E.Ifyoureallydon’tknowifanitemisrecyclable,thenjustthrowitinthegarbage.F.Thisisreallyimportantifyouonlyuseonebinbecausefooditemscouldruinpaper.G.Hardplasticslikewaterandsoftdrinkbottlesoranythinglikethesecanberecycled.【答案】16.B17.G18.A19.F20.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了有效回收的4個(gè)步驟：知道要把什么放進(jìn)回收箱；知道什么是不可回收的；扔垃圾之前清理出食物殘留；不要把垃圾裝袋?！?6題詳析】前文“Therearesomanyquestions,andmorethanhalfofAmericansareunsureabouthowtorecycle.(有這么多的問(wèn)題，超過(guò)一半的美國(guó)人不確定如何回收)”提及了回收時(shí)有太多問(wèn)題令人困擾，后文“Here’sahandyfour-stepguideonhowtorecycleeffectively(以下是有效回收垃圾的四步指南)”則說(shuō)到有效回收的4個(gè)步驟。由此推知，設(shè)空句作為中間過(guò)渡句，應(yīng)是與前文在句意邏輯上構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，且引出后文內(nèi)容。B項(xiàng)“Theanswersarenothardtofind.(答案不難找到)”的“Theanswers”對(duì)應(yīng)前文“questions”，句意上與前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，且可引出后文內(nèi)容，用在文中可承前啟后，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)主題句“Knowwhattoputintherecyclingbin.(知道該把什么放在回收箱里)”可知，該段主要講述可回收物品，G項(xiàng)“Hardplasticslikewaterandsoftdrinkbottlesoranythinglikethesecanberecycled.(硬塑料，如水瓶和軟飲料瓶或類(lèi)似的任何東西，都可以回收)”介紹的是可回收的物品，貼合該段主題，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】設(shè)空句為該段主題句。根據(jù)后文“Itisreallyimportanttoknowwhatyoucannotputinyourbin.(知道哪些東西不能放進(jìn)垃圾桶是很重要的)”可知，本段介紹的是不可回收的物品。選項(xiàng)A“Knowwhatisnotrecyclable.(知道什么是不可回收的)”可作該段主題句。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】前文“Doaquickcleantomakesurethereisnofoodleftincontainersbeforeyouputtheminthebin.(在你把容器放進(jìn)垃圾桶之前，快速清理一下，確保容器里沒(méi)有食物殘留)”提及要將食物殘留清理出來(lái)，那么，設(shè)空句應(yīng)解釋這樣做的原因。選項(xiàng)F“Thisisreallyimportantifyouonlyuseonebinbecausefooditemscouldruinpaper.(如果你只用一個(gè)垃圾桶，這一點(diǎn)非常重要，因?yàn)槭澄飼?huì)破壞紙張)”解釋了原因，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】前文“Alotofthetime,it’snotsafeforouremployeestotearthosebagsopen,orittakestoomuchtime(很多時(shí)候，我們的員工撕開(kāi)這些袋子是不安全的，或者需要花費(fèi)太多時(shí)間)”提及袋裝垃圾有危害性或浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。由此推知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)講述為了安全或不浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，袋裝垃圾的去處。選項(xiàng)C“Alotofbaggedstuffgoesrighttothelandfill.(很多袋裝的東西直接被扔進(jìn)了垃圾填埋場(chǎng))”講到了袋裝垃圾不會(huì)經(jīng)過(guò)人工處理，直接被扔進(jìn)了填埋場(chǎng)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。I'mterribleatthrowingawayoldclothes.Somepeoplecannot___21___this.Ifit'sold,___22___ortoosmall,whywouldyouwanttokeepit?Well,the___23___issimple.Clothesarememoriesand,justlikememories,theycanbe___24___.Myfavoriteitemofclothingisablackandwhitewool___25___.Thereareseveralholesinit,bitsofwoolhangingoffitand___26___abigholeinthepocket.Ireallyshould___27___itawaybutIcan'tbringmyselftodoit.It___28___meofoneofmyfavoritetrips.I___29___itinamarketinLima,Peru.ThefirsttimeI____30____itwastoanamazingwaterandlightshowinaparkthatsameday.MyfriendandIhadsomuchfunandI'vemademany____31____wearingthatjacketsince.It'sthesamewith____32____.MyfriendmademeabeautifulnecklacewithapieceofglassfromoneofthebeachesontheislandwhereI____33____.ShegaveittomesoIwouldalwayshaveapieceofhomewithme.It'soneoftheloveliest____34____I'veeverreceivedandIhaven'ttakenitoffsinceshegaveittome.Itwillprobably____35____oneday,butIwillneverthrowitaway.21.A.afford B.understand C.practice D.keep22.A.simple B.dirty C.torn D.strange23.A.idea B.purpose C.lesson D.answer24.A.useful B.funny C.interesting D.precious25.A.jacket B.sweater C.dress D.coat26.A.just B.hardly C.even D.only27.A.put B.take C.throw D.carry28.A.informs B.warns C.convinces D.reminds29.A.borrowed B.bought C.ordered D.saw30.A.wore B.displayed C.washed D.discovered31.A.impressions B.speeches C.experiments D.memories32.A.glass B.jewelry C.friendship D.home33.A.grewup B.showedup C.traveled D.worked34.A.rewards B.honors C.gifts D.praises35.A.change B.matter C.work D.break【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.D25.A26.C27.C28.D29.B30.A31.D32.B33.A34.C35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者對(duì)于舊衣物和珠寶的情感依戀，以及它們背后的珍貴記憶?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞意辨析。句意：我不擅長(zhǎng)扔掉舊衣服。有些人無(wú)法理解這一點(diǎn)。A.afford支付得起；B.understand理解；C.practice練習(xí)；D.keep保留。根據(jù)上文“I'mterribleatthrowingawayoldclothes(我不擅長(zhǎng)扔掉舊衣服)”可知，我在對(duì)待舊衣服的態(tài)度上與別人不同，可推理出此處說(shuō)的是對(duì)此無(wú)法理解，故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果它舊了，破了或者太小了，你為什么要留著它呢？A.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；B.dirty臟的；C.torn裂開(kāi)的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)上文“Ifit'sold(如果它舊了)”以及下文“whywouldyouwanttokeepit?(你為什么要留著它呢？)”可推理出，此處上下文說(shuō)的是需要扔掉的舊衣服的狀態(tài)，分析選項(xiàng)，C項(xiàng)“torn裂開(kāi)的”表達(dá)的含義符合語(yǔ)境，故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：答案是很簡(jiǎn)單的。A.idea主意；B.purpose目的；C.lesson教訓(xùn)；D.answer答案。根據(jù)上文“whywouldyouwanttokeepit?(你為什么要留著它呢？)”可推理出下文是對(duì)上文問(wèn)題的回答，空白處應(yīng)填表示“答案”含義的名詞，故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：衣服是記憶，就像記憶一樣，它們可能是珍貴的。A.useful有用的；B.funny滑稽的；C.interesting有趣的；D.precious寶貴的。根據(jù)下文“Myfavoriteitemofclothingisablackandwhitewool(我最喜歡的衣服是一件黑白相間的羊毛……)”以及“oneofmyfavoritetrips(我最喜歡的一次旅行)”可推理出此處上下文說(shuō)的是作者的舊衣服承載著珍貴的記憶，可推理出空白處應(yīng)填表示“珍貴的”含義的形容詞，故選D項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我最喜歡的衣服是一件黑白相間的羊毛夾克。A.jacket夾克；B.sweater毛衣；C.dress衣服；D.coat外套。根據(jù)下文“wearingthatjacket(穿著那件夾克)”可知此處說(shuō)的是夾克，故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：上面有好幾個(gè)洞，還有毛線(xiàn)頭掛在外邊，口袋上甚至還有一個(gè)大洞。A.just僅僅；B.hardly幾乎不；C.even甚至；D.only只有。根據(jù)上文“Thereareseveralholesinit,bitsofwoolhangingoffit(上面有好幾個(gè)洞，還有毛線(xiàn)頭掛在外邊)”以及下文“abigholeinthepocket(口袋上還有一個(gè)大洞)”可知，上下文之間為遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，空白處應(yīng)填表示“甚至”含義的副詞，故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我真的應(yīng)該把它扔掉，但是我舍不得。A.put放；B.take帶走；C.throw扔；D.carry搬。根據(jù)上文“Thereareseveralholesinit,bitsofwoolhangingoffitandevenabigholeinthepocket.(上面有好幾個(gè)洞，還有毛線(xiàn)頭掛在外邊，口袋上甚至還有一個(gè)大洞)”可知，作者的衣服破舊，可推理出作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該把它扔掉，故選C項(xiàng)。【28題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這讓我想起了我最喜歡的一次旅行。A.informs告訴；B.warns警告；C.convinces說(shuō)服；D.reminds提醒。根據(jù)下文“oneofmyfavoritetrips(我最喜歡的一次旅行)”可推理出此處上下文說(shuō)的是舊衣服使作者想起一次最喜歡的旅行，故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我在秘魯利馬的一個(gè)市場(chǎng)買(mǎi)的。A.borrowed借；B.bought買(mǎi)；C.ordered下訂單；D.saw看見(jiàn)。根據(jù)下文“inamarketinLima,Peru(在秘魯利馬的一個(gè)市場(chǎng))”可推理出此處說(shuō)的是這件衣服是在秘魯利馬的一個(gè)市場(chǎng)買(mǎi)的，故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我第一次穿它是為了去公園里看一個(gè)精彩的水光表演。A.wore穿；B.displayed陳列；C.washed洗；D.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“wearingthatjacket(穿著那件夾克)”可知此處說(shuō)的是穿上夾克，故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的朋友和我都玩得很開(kāi)心，自那以后，我穿著那件夾克衫留下了許多美好的回憶。A.impressions印象；B.speeches演講；C.experiments實(shí)驗(yàn)；D.memories回憶。根據(jù)上文“MyfriendandIhadsomuchfun(我的朋友和我都玩得很開(kāi)心)”可推理出此處上下文說(shuō)的是回憶，故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：珠寶也是一樣。A.glass玻璃；B.jewelry珠寶；C.friendship友誼；D.home家。根據(jù)下文“Myfriendmademeabeautifulnecklacewithapieceofglassfromoneofthebeachesontheisland(我的朋友用島上其中一個(gè)海灘上的一塊玻璃給我做了一條漂亮的項(xiàng)鏈)”可知，此處上下文說(shuō)的是珠寶，故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我的朋友用一塊來(lái)自我成長(zhǎng)的那個(gè)島上其中一個(gè)海灘的玻璃給我做了一條漂亮的項(xiàng)鏈。A.grewup長(zhǎng)大；B.showedup到場(chǎng)；C.traveled旅行；D.worked工作。根據(jù)下文“ShegaveittomesoIwouldalwayshaveapieceofhomewithme.(她把它給了我，以便讓我隨時(shí)都能擁有一份家的感覺(jué)。)”可推理出那個(gè)島是作者長(zhǎng)大的地方，故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我收到過(guò)的最可愛(ài)的禮物之一，自從她送給我之后，我就一直戴著它。A.rewards回報(bào)；B.honors榮譽(yù)；C.gifts禮物；D.praises贊揚(yáng)。根據(jù)上文“Myfriendmademeabeautifulnecklacewithapieceofglassfromoneofthebeachesontheisland(我的朋友用島上其中一個(gè)海灘上的一塊玻璃給我做了一條漂亮的項(xiàng)鏈)”以及“ShegaveittomesoIwouldalwayshaveapieceofhomewithme.(她把它給了我，以便讓我隨時(shí)都能擁有一份家的感覺(jué)。)”可知，別人送給了作者的是一條漂亮的項(xiàng)鏈，是送給作者的禮物，故選C項(xiàng)。【35題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天它可能會(huì)壞掉，但我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)扔掉它。A.change改變；B.matter有重大影響；C.work工作；D.break壞掉。根據(jù)下文“butIwillneverthrowitaway(但我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)扔掉它)”可推理出，此處上下文說(shuō)的是它有一天可能會(huì)壞掉，故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面材料，在題后空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(每空一詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Therecordofthe___36___(tall)treeinAsiahasbeenrefreshedthisweek,asateamofChineseresearchersannounced___37___(recent)thattheydiscoveredagiantcypress(柏樹(shù))measuring102.3metersinXizang.Therecord-breakinghightree,calledCupressustorulosa(西藏柏木),___38___(find)atthenationalnaturereserveoftheYarlungZangboGrandCanyoninBomecounty,Nyingchicity,duringascientificinvestigationledbyPekingUniversityinMay.___39___(use)dronesandlaserradartomapthelocalcypressaggregationarea,theteammembersconfirmedthe___40___(present)ofthe102.3-metertree.Besides,theydetectedalargenumberoftreesover85metershigh,including25over90meters.Thefindingshavealsocontributed___41___theregionhavingthehighestdensityofgianttreesinChinaandAsiaafterprecisionmeasurement,saidRenYu,___42___isateammemberfromPeking