浙江省舟山市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末考試英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省舟山市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1.Whatwillthespeakersdothisevening?A.Playtabletennis. B.Attendaparty. C.WatchTV.【答案】B【原文】W:It’stoohottoplaytabletennisthisevening.Let’sstayinsideandwatchTVinstead.M:Butwe’regoingtoCarol’spartythisevening,aren’twe?W:Oh,yes.Iforgot.2.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Takehimtohospital. B.Gotoaclasswithhim. C.Submitareportforhim.【答案】C【原文】M:Rose,I’vegotthisterriblecoldandIhavetoseeadoctor.I’mafraidIcan’tgototheclass.CouldyouhelpmehandinmylabreporttoDr.Davidson?W:Sure,noproblem.Justtakecareofyourselfanddon’tworryabouttheclass.3.Whenwillthemanrepairtheheating?A.OnWednesday. B.OnThursday. C.OnFriday.【答案】B【原文】W:Hi,Chris.Ourheatingisn’tworking.Canyoucomeandrepairittomorrow?M:Wednesday?That’sdifficult.HowaboutThursdayorFridayafternoon?W:Thesoonerthebetter.Thedayaftertomorrow.M:Thatworksforme.4.Whyhasthewomanbeenabsentfromtheofficeforalongtime?A.Shehasbeensick.B.Shehasbeenonaholiday.C.ShehasbeeninCaliforniaforbusiness.【答案】B【原文】M:Ihaven’tseenyouintheofficeforages.Youhaven’tbeensick,haveyou?W:No,actuallyI’vetakenaholidayinCaliforniaforthepastmonth.Thebeachwasbeautiful.LookhowbrownIlook!M:Hownice!I’mplanningaholiday,too!5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Atheft. B.Athief. C.Anaccident.【答案】A【原文】W:Springfieldpolice.M:Mycarisgone!Somebodystolemycar!W:Calmdown,sir.Couldyoutellmemoreaboutit?M:Well,Iparkedmycarinthelotthismorning.Now,it’snotthere.第二節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.What’stheman’sproblem?A.Hehashurthisarms.B.Hehastoomanybookstocarry.C.Hewantstopickupsomeinterestingbooks.7.Whydoesthemanbuythesebooks?A.Becausetheyarenotexpensive.B.Becausehewantstoopenabookshop.C.Becausehewantstogivesometoabookshop.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】M:Hi,Judy!Howabouthelpingmecarrysomeofthesebooksbacktothehouse?IfItrytodoitmyself,IthinkI’llbreakmyarms.W:Wow,wheredidyougetsomanybooks--robalibrarian?Oh,no,don’ttellmeyouaregoingtoopenabookstore.M:Veryfunny.Iwasatthebookstorethewholeday.AfterChristmasmanybooksthatarenotpopularareonsale.AndIpickedupsomanyreallyinterestingones.Takealook.W:“SpeakChinese”,“IntroductiontoAsia”,“ArtandCulture”.AreyouplanningtogetajobinAsia?M:Well,theyareallinterestingbutIboughtthesebooksbecausetheywereworththemoney.Icouldn’taffordthemiftheywerenew.IfyouhelpmecarrythemI’llletyouhaveone.W:I’dcertainlyliketopickone.Nowletmehelpyou.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?A.Totellherabouthernewjob.B.Toaskaboutherjobprogram.C.Toplanameetingwithher.9.Whoneedsanewflat?A.Alex. B.Andrea. C.Miranda.10.Whereisthewomannow?A.InBaltimore. B.InNewYork. C.InAvon.【答案】8.A9.B10.A【原文】A:Hello,thisisAndrea.B:Hello,Andrea,thisisAlex.Ihavesomeverygoodnewsforyou.Mirandawasverysatisfiedwithyouandsaidshe’sverymuchlookingforwardtoworkingwithyou.Isn’tthatwonderful?Congratulationsdear!HowdoesitfeeltobeMiranda’snewassistant?Iimaginethatyou’lljustbedelightedwiththisnews.Solet’ssee,youcanstartonMonday,right?A:Umm,well,Idon’tthinkIcanstartMonday.IamvisitingmyfatherinBaltimore.AndbecauseIdon’tliveinNewYork,I’llneedacoupleofdaystofindaflatandbuysomefurnitureandmovemythingsfromAvon.B:Oh,wellthen,inthatcaseIsupposeWednesdaywouldbegood.Ok,seeyouthen!聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.WhatdoesMarthathinkofthebeach?A.Itisboring. B.Itisexciting. C.Itisdangerous.12.Whichplacedoesthemansuggestforthetrip?A.Amuseum. B.Alake. C.Agallery.13.Whydoesthewomanwanttogotothemountain?A.Becauseitisnearby.B.Becauseshehasneverbeenthere.C.Becausechildrencouldgetenoughexercise.【答案】11.A12.A13.C【原文】M:OK,everybody,Icalledthismeetingtodiscusswherewewilltakethechildrenforthisyear’sschooltrip.W:Well,notthebeachagain—notafterlastyear.M:Martha,whatwaswrongwiththebeach?Itwasn’tdangerousoranythinglikethat.Ilovedsittingthereinthesun.W:Butthekidswerebored.Yes,theyenjoyedthemselvesforanhourbutthentheyhadnothingtodo.M:OK,doeseverybodyagreethatwedon’tconsiderthebeach?HowabouttheHistoryMuseum?W:Well,personally,Iwouldbereallyinterestedtogothere.Ilovemuseumsandartgalleries.ButIthinkthekidswouldliketobeoutdoors.M:Sowheredoyousuggest,Martha?W:HowaboutEagleMountain?I’vebeentherelastyear.Theclimbtothetopwillgivethemplentyofexercise.Theywillexperiencenature,andthenwhentheygettothetop,there’safantasticview.It’srightovertoalakeinthedistance.M:Well,it’salongwaytotravel,butit’sagoodidea.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.Whatexamisthewomanworriedabout?A.Chemistry. B.Maths. C.History.15.Whatskilldoesthemanneedtoimprove?A.Studyingforexams. B.Finishingprojects. C.Recitingessays.16.Howmuchofthespeakers'gradedependsontheirexaminationresults?A.60%. B.30%. C.10%.17.Whatwillthemandotohelpthewoman?A.Lendherausefulbook.B.Helpherstudyforherexam.C.Sharetipswithheronsocialmedia.【答案】14.C15.B16.A17.A【原文】W:I’mgladIhavepassedchemistryandmaths,I’mjustsoanxiousaboutourhistoryexam.IwishIcouldrememberthingsthewayyoucan.M:Imaybegoodatsomeexams,butI’mterribleatcompletingprojects.Andyou’remuchbetterthanmeatwritingessays.W:Iguessyou’reright.Butprojectsonlyaccountfor10%ofourgrade,andessays30%.Theother60%dependsonexamresults.M:Well,it’sreallynotsohard.ThereareafewwellknownmethodsIusetohelpmerememberfacts.W:Likewhat?M:Well,ifIhavealistofthingstoremember,Ioftenmakeupafunnysentencewiththewordsonthelist.W:Thatsoundsinteresting!M:Ihaveagreatbook.Itteachesyouallkindsofdifferentwaystorememberthings.Youcanborrowitifyoulike.W:Oh,I’dbereallythankful.M:Youshouldalsofollowtheauthoronsocialmedia.Heoftensharesgoodtipsonline.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18.Whyhaven’tpeoplefoundtreatmentsfortheflu?A.It’stooexpensivetodevelopmedicines.B.Therearetoomanykindsofviruses.C.Theyareunwillingtoputmuchintomedicines.19.Whatisonesymptomofthefluaccordingtothespeaker?A.Arunnynose. B.Lowtemperature. C.Highbloodpressure.20.Whatdosomescientistssayabouttakingmedicines?A.Itcausesdamagetoourorgans.B.Itdoesharmtopeople’shealth.C.Ithelpsustorecoverquickly.【答案】18.B19.A20.B【原文】Wepeopleareeasytargetsforfluineveryseason.Itmakesuswonderwhywecan’tfindawaytototallygetridofit?Theansweristhatthere’reactuallyhundredsofkindsofvirusesaroundus.Wecan’tseeandtouchthem,andweneverknowwhichonewewillgetinfectedwith,soit’simpossibletofindacureforeachone.Whenavirusattacksourbody,it’shardtodetachourselvesfromit.Wewillfeelawfulbecausewecan’tbreathewell.Thevirusraisestemperatureofourbodies,andmakesusgetflu.Buttheheatofourbodyiskillingthevirusatthesametime.Besides,wemayalsohaveasorethroatorarunnynosetopreventthevirusfrominvadingourcells.Differentpeoplehavedifferentsymptoms.InChina,somepeoplemighteatnutritiousfoodtoimprovetheirhealthandfitness,somepeopleonlytakehotbathsanddrinkwarmwater,andsomepeopletakemedicines.However,there’soneinterestingthingtonotice.Someexpertssaytakingmedicineswhenwehavefluisharmfultoourhealth.Thereasonwhythevirusstaysinourbodylongeristhatourbodycan’tdevelopawaytofightagainstandkillit.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié):(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhichLouvreMuseumTicketisBestforYou?IfyouareShortonTimeGofor:Skip-the-lineTicketsGuide:Expertguide/audioguideTheseentryticketsprovideskip-the-lineaccess,allowingyoutobypasslongqueues.Goonacarefullytailored2to3-hourguidedtourwithanaudioheadsettokeepyoufrommissingoutonanyexplanation.IfyouareonaBudgetGofor:DirectEntryTicketsGuide:AudioguideGetguaranteedentrywithin30minutesandexploretheworld’smostvisitedmuseumwithanoptionalaudioguideavailablein10languagesatanaffordablerate.Theseday-longvalidticketswillletyouwalkaroundandbrowsethroughboththe38,000permanentworksandthemanytemporaryexhibitsatyourownpace.IfyouareaSoloTravelerGofor:Small-GrouptourGuide:ExpertguideSmallgrouptoursoffergreatpersonalizedandinteractiveexperiences.Withfewerpeople,youcanengagewithyourguideandgroupandexploretheLouvreindepth.SeetheLouvre’smostnotablepiecesliketheMonaLisa,VenusdeMilo,theWingedVictory,andmore.IfyouareTravellingwithKidsGofor:Skip-the-lineticketsGuide:Expertguide/audioguideWithskip-the-linetickets,youcanavoidlongqueuesintothemuseum.Theshort,specializedtourwillalsofocusonthemajorhighlightsoftheLouvre,makingthemperfectforfamilieswithkids.Aprofessionalguidewillaccompanyyou,providingfascinatinginsightsinakid-friendlymanner.21.Whatistheprimaryadvantageoftheticketsforvisitorsshortontime?A.ExclusiveaccesstoVIPexhibits. B.Extendedaccessforthewholeday.C.Avoidinglongqueues. D.Freeadmissionforsolotravelers.22.Whichofthefollowingdotheticketsforvisitorsonabudgetoffer?A.AccesstoVIPexhibits. B.Aday-longvalidity.C.Freeaudioguidein10languages. D.Specialdiscountsontemporaryexhibits.23.Whatdoticketsforpeopleshortoftimeandforthosetravellingwithkidshaveincommon?A.Theyguaranteethesamemajorhighlights.B.Theyprovidespeciallycateredinsights.C.Theyoffervisitsofapproximatelythesamelength.D.Theyincludequickaccessandaguidedtour.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了不同類型盧浮宮的門票的相關(guān)信息?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IfyouareShortonTime部分“Theseentryticketsprovideskip-the-lineaccess,allowingyoutobypasslongqueues.(這些入場券提供了插隊(duì)通道，讓您可以繞過長隊(duì))”可知，時(shí)間緊迫的游客門票的主要優(yōu)勢是可以避免排長隊(duì)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IfyouareonaBudget部分“Theseday-longvalidticketswillletyouwalkaroundandbrowsethroughboththe38,000permanentworksandthemanytemporaryexhibitsatyourownpace.(這些為期一天有效的門票將讓你以自己的節(jié)奏四處走動(dòng)，瀏覽38000件永久作品和許多臨時(shí)展品)”可知，預(yù)算有限的游客門票提供一天有效期。故選B項(xiàng)。【23題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IfyouareShortonTime部分“Theseentryticketsprovideskip-the-lineaccess,allowingyoutobypasslongqueues.Goonacarefullytailored2to3-hourguidedtourwithanaudioheadsettokeepyoufrommissingoutonanyexplanation.(這些入場券提供了插隊(duì)通道，讓您可以繞過長隊(duì)。帶著音頻耳機(jī)，進(jìn)行精心定制的2到3小時(shí)導(dǎo)游之旅，以免錯(cuò)過任何解釋)”以及IfyouareTravellingwithKids部分“Withskip-the-linetickets,youcanavoidlongqueuesintothemuseum.Theshort,specializedtourwillalsofocusonthemajorhighlightsoftheLouvre,makingthemperfectforfamilieswithkids.Aprofessionalguidewillaccompanyyou,providingfascinatinginsightsinakid-friendlymanner.(有了插隊(duì)票，你就可以避免博物館排長隊(duì)了。這次簡短的專業(yè)之旅還將聚焦于盧浮宮的主要亮點(diǎn)，使其成為有孩子的家庭的完美之選。專業(yè)導(dǎo)游將陪伴您，以兒童友好的方式提供引人入勝的見解)”可知，兩種門票的共同點(diǎn)在于都提供快速通道，可以繞過排長隊(duì)，并且都提供導(dǎo)游服務(wù)。故選D項(xiàng)。BAccordingtotheUnitedNations,60percentofglobalgreenhousegasemissionscomedirectlyfromthewaythatwecurrentlyproduceourelectricity.71percentoftheearthiscoveredinwateryetonlyaround1.5percentoftheglobalenergyisproducedthroughwavepower.That’swhatinspiredEcoWavePowerCEO,InnaBravermantotakeonthechallenge.TwoweeksaftershewasborninUkrainein1986,theChernobylnucleardisasteroccurredandshegothurt,sufferingfrombreathingarrestandaclinicaldeath.Butthankstohermother,whowasanurse,shewassaved.Growingup,shefeltitherpurposetofindgreenandsustainableenergy.Innafoundthatpreviouswaveenergydevelopershavedecidedtopursueoffshoretechnologies,contributingtohugeinstallationandmaintenancecosts,incrediblyvulnerablestationsinstorms,andconsequentlylackoffunding.Herinnovativeversion,however,istoinstallthepowerstationonland.Theonlypartofthesysteminthewateristhefloaterswhichbobupanddownwiththewaves.Thesepushcompressedairintoatankwheretheenergyisstoredtoproduceelectricity.Thefloatersareattachedtoexistingman-madestructuressuchasbanks,piers,andbreakwaters.Thesimplicityofthedesignmakesitcheapertoinstallandmaintainaswellasbeingbetterprotectedfromroughweatherandtherefore,insurable.Onceacommercialplantproducing20megawattsormore(enoughfor20,000homes)isinplace,theunitcostsignificantlyreduces.“Ourpriceofenergydecreasestoabout$0.05US(€0.05)perkilowatthour,whichiscomparabletothepricesofonshorewind,”Innaexplains.ApilotstationwasinstalledinGibraltarin2016.ItwasthefirstwaveenergysystemtobeconnectedtothegridinEurope.Moretestsofthewaveenergysystemhavebeenarrangedindifferentcountriesandregions.24.Whatdoweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.InnawasinspiredbyaUNprogramtofocusongreenenergy.B.Inna’searlyexperienceenabledhertoexploregreenenergysolutions.C.Innacameupwiththeideaofgreenenergythankstohermother.D.Greenandsustainableenergysolutionsaregreatlyinfluencedbythenucleardisaster.25.What’sthepurposeoftheauthortowriteparagraph3?A.Todemonstratetheenvironmentalimpactofwaveenergy.B.TohighlightInnaBraverman’sinnovativeapproachtowaveenergy.C.Tooutlinethechallengesfacedbyotherwaveenergydevelopers.D.Toprovideinformationaboutwaveenergyproductionaroundtheworld.26.HowisInnaBraverman’sapproachtowaveenergydifferentfrompreviousones?A.Itsmaintenanceontheseafloor. B.Itsdependenceongovernmentfunding.C.Itsinstallationonland. D.Itsexclusivefocusonoffshoretechnologies.27.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.EcoWavePower:PioneerinSustainableEnergyB.ChernobylSurvivor’sVision:EndlessPowerfortheFutureC.Land-BasedWavePower:InnovationforGreenElectricityD.OnshoreEnergy:EcoWavePower’sFightAgainstGasEmissions【答案】24.B25.B26.C27.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了EcoWavePower公司首席執(zhí)行官InnaBraverman采用陸基發(fā)電站的創(chuàng)新方案利用波浪能進(jìn)行環(huán)保發(fā)電的事跡?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀前兩段，根據(jù)第二段中“Growingup,shefeltitherpurposetofindgreenandsustainableenergy.(在成長過程中，她覺得找到綠色和可持續(xù)的能源是她的目標(biāo)。)”可知，Inna的早期經(jīng)歷促使她探索綠色能源解決方案。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Innafoundthatpreviouswaveenergydevelopershavedecidedtopursueoffshoretechnologies,contributingtohugeinstallationandmaintenancecosts,incrediblyvulnerablestationsinstorms,andconsequentlylackoffunding.Herinnovativeversion,however,istoinstallthepowerstationonland.(Inna發(fā)現(xiàn)，以前的波浪能開發(fā)商已經(jīng)決定采用海上技術(shù)，這導(dǎo)致了巨大的安裝和維護(hù)成本，以及在風(fēng)暴中非常脆弱的站點(diǎn)，因此缺乏資金。然而，她的創(chuàng)新方案是將發(fā)電站安裝在陸地上。)”可知，本段的目的是突出InnaBraverman對(duì)波浪能的創(chuàng)新方法。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Innafoundthatpreviouswaveenergydevelopershavedecidedtopursueoffshoretechnologies,contributingtohugeinstallationandmaintenancecosts,incrediblyvulnerablestationsinstorms,andconsequentlylackoffunding.Herinnovativeversion,however,istoinstallthepowerstationonland.(Inna發(fā)現(xiàn)，以前的波浪能開發(fā)商已經(jīng)決定采用海上技術(shù)，這導(dǎo)致了巨大的安裝和維護(hù)成本，以及在風(fēng)暴中非常脆弱的站點(diǎn)，因此缺乏資金。然而，她的創(chuàng)新方案是將發(fā)電站安裝在陸地上。)”可知，InnaBraverman對(duì)波能的研究方法與之前不同的是將發(fā)電站安裝在陸地上。故選C項(xiàng)。【27題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段“AccordingtotheUnitedNations,60percentofglobalgreenhousegasemissionscomedirectlyfromthewaythatwecurrentlyproduceourelectricity.71percentoftheearthiscoveredinwateryetonlyaround1.5percentoftheglobalenergyisproducedthroughwavepower.That’swhatinspiredEcoWavePowerCEO,InnaBravermantotakeonthechallenge.(根據(jù)聯(lián)合國的數(shù)據(jù)，全球60%的溫室氣體排放直接來自我們目前的發(fā)電方式。71%的地球被水覆蓋，但只有1.5%的全球能源是通過波浪能產(chǎn)生的。這就是EcoWavePower公司首席執(zhí)行官InnaBraverman接受挑戰(zhàn)的原因。)”和第三段中“Herinnovativeversion,however,istoinstallthepowerstationonland.(然而，她的創(chuàng)新方案是將發(fā)電站安裝在陸地上。)”可知，本文講述了EcoWavePower公司首席執(zhí)行官InnaBraverman采用陸基發(fā)電站的創(chuàng)新方案利用波浪能進(jìn)行環(huán)保發(fā)電的事跡。C“陸基波浪能：綠色電力的創(chuàng)新”符合主題，故選C項(xiàng)。CIdeally,childhoodisatimeofgrowthandlearning.Butformanychildrenaroundtheworld,thistimeiscutshortwhentheyareforcedtowork,sometimesindangerousconditions.Asaresult,June12isrecognizedastheannualWorldDayAgainstChildLabor.Asof2020,around160millionchildrenworkedaschildlaborers,whichmeansthatonechildin10wasachildlaborer.Overall,childlaborhasdecreasedoverthepast20years,butinrecentyears,thisprogresshasstalled.Childlaborisdistinguishedfromordinaryhousework,helpingwithafamilybusinessorworkingtoearnpocketmoneyafterschool.Workdonebychildrenisclassifiedaschildlaborwhenitharmsthechildphysically,mentally,sociallyormorally,orwhenithinders(阻礙)thechild’seducation.About79millionchildrenareengagedinhazardouschildlabor.Sometimesthismeanstheworkisextremelydangerousbecauseofheavymachineryorexposuretochemicals.Hazardouschildlaborcanalsoinvolveharshconditions,longhours,orexposuretovariouskindsofabuse.TheprimarygoaloftheWorldDayAgainstChildLaborisraisingawarenessoftheissueandencouragingindividuals,organizationsandgovernmentstotakeaction.Fightingchildlaborisacomplextask.Itinvolvessocialworkerswhoidentifychildlaborersandtakeactiontoprovidethesechildrenandtheirfamilieswithotheroptions.Butitalsoinvolveschangeincommunitiesasawhole,challengingthesocialnorms(行為準(zhǔn)則)thatcanleadadultstomaketheirchildrenwork.Childlaborandpovertyoftengohandinhandasparentsfeelthatremovingtheirchildrenfromschoolisnecessarytoearnmoneysothefamilycansurvive.So,measuresorpoliciesmeanttofightpovertyarealsotiedtopreventingchildlabor.Beingharmfultochildrenandtocommunities,childlaborhinderschildrenfromgrowingintohealthy,educatedcitizenswhocouldmakeadifferenceinsociety.Byhighlightingtheproblemandofferingavarietyofsolutions,theWorldDayAgainstChildLaborcanmakethesituationabitbetter.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stalled”inthesecondparagraphmean?A.Slowed B.Speeded C.Stopped D.Disappeared29.Whatsituationcanbeclassifiedaschildlabor?A.Helpingparentswiththedailyhousework.B.Assistingfamilybusinessduringtheholidays.C.Earningmoneyforone’scamptripafterschool.D.Workinginashoestoreeveryweekdayafternoon.30.What’sthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theconsequencesofchildlabor. B.Themaintypesofchildlabor.C.Theseriousnessofchildlabor. D.Thereasonsagainstchildlabor.31.Accordingtothetext,whodon’tmakemuchefforttofightchildlabor?A.Socialworkers. B.Parents. C.Governments. D.Communities.【答案】28.C29.D30.C31.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了近年來童工問題的嚴(yán)重性及其社會(huì)原因?！?8題詳析】詞句猜測題。劃線詞句前文“Asof2020,around160millionchildrenworkedaschildlaborers,whichmeansthatonechildin10wasachildlaborer.(截至2020年，約有1.6億兒童成為童工，這意味著每10個(gè)兒童中就有一個(gè)是童工。)”說明一直到最近依然有相當(dāng)多的童工，在解決童工問題上沒有進(jìn)展。從而推知?jiǎng)澗€詞句“Overall,childlaborhasdecreasedoverthepast20years,butinrecentyears,thisprogresshasstalled.(總體而言，童工在過去20年中有所減少，但近年來，這一進(jìn)展stalled。)”其中劃線部分意思是“停滯不前，沒有進(jìn)展”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Childlaborisdistinguishedfromordinaryhousework,helpingwithafamilybusinessorworkingtoearnpocketmoneyafterschool.Workdonebychildrenisclassifiedaschildlaborwhenitharmsthechildphysically,mentally,sociallyormorally,orwhenithinders(阻礙)thechild’seducation.(童工不同于普通的家務(wù)勞動(dòng)，幫助家庭經(jīng)營或在放學(xué)后打工賺零花錢。兒童從事的工作如果在身體、精神、社會(huì)或道德上對(duì)兒童造成傷害，或妨礙兒童的教育，就被歸類為童工。)”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可以推知，每個(gè)工作日的下午都在鞋店工作可以被歸類為童工。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“About79millionchildrenareengagedinhazardouschildlabor.Sometimesthismeanstheworkisextremelydangerousbecauseofheavymachineryorexposuretochemicals.Hazardouschildlaborcanalsoinvolveharshconditions,longhours,orexposuretovariouskindsofabuse.(約有7900萬兒童從事危險(xiǎn)的童工勞動(dòng)。有時(shí)這意味著工作是非常危險(xiǎn)的，因?yàn)橹匦蜋C(jī)械或接觸化學(xué)品。危險(xiǎn)的童工還包括惡劣的條件、長時(shí)間工作或遭受各種虐待。)”可知，本段主要講童工問題的嚴(yán)重性。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Childlaborandpovertyoftengohandinhandasparentsfeelthatremovingtheirchildrenfromschoolisnecessarytoearnmoneysothefamilycansurvive.(童工和貧困常常相伴而行，因?yàn)楦改刚J(rèn)為讓孩子輟學(xué)是賺錢養(yǎng)家的必要條件。)”可以推知，貧困家庭的父母不會(huì)盡力反對(duì)使用童工的現(xiàn)象。故選B項(xiàng)。DSuzanneSimard,aprofessorofforestecologywhocalledherselfa“forestdetective”,wasraisedinmountainsinCanada.FewscientistsmakemuchimpactwiththeirPhDthesis,but,in1997,shedidjustthat.Herresearchonthe“woodwideweb”madethecoverofNatureandtransformedourunderstandingofforests.Whatwasthenachallengetotraditionalideasistodaywidelyaccepted.Amushroomisthepartofafungus(真菌)thatsticksupabovetheground.Thin,whitethreadsgrowfromitsstemdeepintothesoil.Thesethreadsarecalledhyphae(菌絲).Hyphaeconnectthemselvestotreeroots.Theyalsostretchfromrootsystemtorootsystem,likeanundergroundnetwork.Thisnetworkmaygoformiles.Hyphaepickupnutrientsandwaterfromsoil.Thefungusthreadsthatconnecttotreerootssharetheirnutrientsandwaterwiththetrees.Inreturn,theysipabitofthesugarthetreesmake.Sharinghelpsbothtreesandmushroomslive.It’salsohowtreescommunicate.Whenatreeisbeingeatenbybugs,itmakeschemicalstoshoothemaway,sortoflikebugrepellent(驅(qū)蟲劑).Thechemicalstravelthroughthetree,downitsroots,andintothehyphaenetwork.Othertreesconnectedtothenetworktastethechemicals.Thattellsthemanearbytreeisunderattack,sotheystarttomaketheirownbugrepellent.Treesdomorethansharewarningsthroughthehyphae.Theyalsohelpeachother.Inthefall,paperbirchtreesdroptheirleavesandcannolongermakesugar.So,afirtreethatstaysgreenallwinterusesthenetworktosendextrasugartothebirchuntilspringcomesagain.Thissystemofsharinginformationandnutrientsthroughthehyphaeissometimescalledthe“woodwideweb”,becauseitworksabitliketheInternet.Localclimatesetsthestageforthewoodwideweb,researcherssay.Incooltemperatureandborealforests,wherewoodandorganicmatterdecayslowly,network-buildingEMfungirule.Bycontrast,inthewarmertropicswherewoodandorganicmatterdecayquickly,AMfungidominate.Thesefungiformsmallerwebsanddolessintertreeswapping,meaningthetropicalwoodwidewebislikelymorelocalized.EcologistThomasCrowther’sresultssuggestthatastheplanetwarms,about10%ofEM-associatedtreescouldbereplacedbyAM-associatedtrees.MicrobesinforestsdominatedbyAMfungidealwithcarbon-containingorganicmatterfaster,sotheycouldliberatelotsofheat-trappingcarbondioxidequickly,potentiallyacceleratingaclimatechangeprocessthatisalreadyhappeningatafrighteningpace.32.WhatdoweknowaboutSuzanneSimard?A.Shewasaprofessorandaforestdetective.B.Growingupinthecountryside,shemadethecoverofNature.C.Likemanyotherscientists,shemadebiginfluenceonherPhDthesis.D.Herideaofthe“woodwideweb”usedtochallengepeople’sthoughts.33.Whichofthefollowingisnothyphae’sroleintheforestecosystem?A.Theyfacilitatetreecommunication. B.Theyformanundergroundnetwork.C.Theyproducesugarandshareitwithtrees. D.Theysharenutrientsandwaterwiththetrees.34.Howdotreesusethe“woodwideweb”todealwithinsectattacks?A.Theyreleasewarningsignalsthroughleaves.B.Theyproducerealbugrepellenttokillinsects.C.Theymakeuseofhyphaetoproducechemicals.D.Theysendchemicalsignalsthroughthenetwork.35.WhatmightbetheimpactofreplacingEM-associatedtreeswithAM-associatedtrees?A.Itmightslowdowncarbonrelease. B.Itwouldbreakdownorganicmatter.C.Itmightspeedupclimatechange. D.Itmightleadtofastertreegrowth.【答案】32.D33.C34.D35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了一位自稱“森林偵探”的森林生態(tài)學(xué)教授SuzanneSimard對(duì)于“寬木網(wǎng)”的研究改變了人們對(duì)于森林的理解，真菌和樹木可以互助互利?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Herresearchonthe“woodwideweb”madethecoverofNatureandtransformedourunderstandingofforests.Whatwasthenachallengetotraditionalideasistodaywidelyaccepted.(她對(duì)“寬木網(wǎng)”的研究成為了《自然》的封面，改變了我們對(duì)森林的理解。當(dāng)時(shí)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)觀念的挑戰(zhàn)如今已被廣泛接受)”可知，SuzanneSimard提出的“寬木網(wǎng)”的想法在當(dāng)時(shí)是對(duì)傳統(tǒng)觀念的挑戰(zhàn)。故選D。【33題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thesethreadsarecalledhyphae(菌絲).Hyphaeconnectthemselvestotreeroots.Theyalsostretchfromrootsystemtorootsystem,likeanundergroundnetwork.Thisnetworkmaygoformiles.Hyphaepickupnutrientsandwaterfromsoil.Thefungusthreadsthatconnecttotreerootssharetheirnutrientsandwaterwiththetrees.Inreturn,theysipabitofthesugarthetreesmake.Sharinghelpsbothtreesandmushroomslive.It’salsohowtreescommunicate.(這些線被稱為菌絲。菌絲與樹根相連。它們也從一個(gè)根系延伸到另一個(gè)根系，就像一個(gè)地下網(wǎng)絡(luò)。這個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以延伸數(shù)英里。菌絲從土壤中吸收養(yǎng)分和水分。與樹根相連的真菌絲與樹木共享營養(yǎng)和水分。作為回報(bào)，它們吸收一點(diǎn)樹木做的糖。分享有助于樹木和蘑菇的生存。這也是樹木交流的方式)”可知，菌絲促進(jìn)樹木之間的交流、形成地下網(wǎng)絡(luò)并與樹木共享營養(yǎng)和水分，“菌絲生產(chǎn)糖并與樹木分享”表述錯(cuò)誤。故選C?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Whenatreeisbeingeatenbybugs,itmakeschemicalstoshoothemaway,sortoflikebugrepellent(驅(qū)蟲劑).Thechemicalstravelthroughthetree,downitsroots,andintothehyphaenetwork.Othertreesconnectedtothenetworktastethechemicals.Thattellsthemanearbytreeisunderattack,sotheystarttomaketheirownbugrepellent.(當(dāng)一棵樹被蟲子吃時(shí)，它會(huì)制造化學(xué)物質(zhì)將它們趕走，有點(diǎn)像驅(qū)蟲劑。這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)穿過樹木，從根部進(jìn)入菌絲網(wǎng)絡(luò)。其他連接到菌絲網(wǎng)絡(luò)的樹木品嘗這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)。這告訴它們附近的一棵樹受到了攻擊，所以他們開始自己制造驅(qū)蟲劑)”可知，樹木通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)送化學(xué)物質(zhì)作為信號(hào)，告訴附近的樹木自己受到了昆蟲的攻擊，以便于其他樹木制造驅(qū)蟲劑以應(yīng)對(duì)昆蟲的攻擊。故選D?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“MicrobesinforestsdominatedbyAMfungidealwithcarbon-containingorganicmatterfaster,sotheycouldliberatelotsofheat-trappingcarbondioxidequickly,potentiallyacceleratingaclimatechangeprocessthatisalreadyhappeningatafrighteningpace.(以AM真菌為主的森林中的微生物處理含碳有機(jī)物的速度更快，因此它們可以迅速釋放出大量吸熱的二氧化碳，這可能會(huì)加速已經(jīng)以可怕的速度發(fā)生的氣候變化過程)”可知，用AM相關(guān)樹替換EM相關(guān)樹可能會(huì)加速氣候變化。故選C。第二節(jié)：(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtowriteaCoverLetter(求職信)Areyoutiredofyourjobandinthemarketforanewone?Manypeoplearethesedays,andthatcanbeaproblemforjobhun