人教版高中英語必修第三冊UNIT4課時評價作業(yè)（十）含答案

PAGE課時評價作業(yè)(十)SectionⅡReadingandThinking(1)[基礎(chǔ)測評]Ⅰ.根據(jù)語境及漢語提示寫出正確單詞1.Livinginspacestationsseemstobefun,butastronauts(宇航員)facemanyproblems.2.Millionsofpiecesofjunkarefloatingaroundorbits(軌道)whichistheresultofyearsofspacetravelandfewregulationstokeepspaceclean.3.Thechairmanisquitefamiliarwiththeprocedure(s)(程序)forconductingameeting.4.Inthe1600s,thescientificunderstandingofgravity(引力)andouterspacewaslimited.5.Communicationsatellites(衛(wèi)星)permittheexchangeoflivetelevisionprogrammesbetweennationsandcontinents.6.ImadeupmymindtobeajournalistwhenIvisitedtheXinhuaNewsAgency(機構(gòu))lastyear.7.Theearthisnothingbutaverysmallplanetintheendlessuniverse(宇宙).8.Hisdetermined(有決心的)lookshowedthathehadmadeuphismind.Ⅱ.用方框中所給短語的正確形式填空carryon,onboard,makesure,gowrong,succeedin,believein,inthehopeof1.Ibelieveintheexistenceofmiracles.

2.Havethepassengersgoneonboardyet?

3.Makesureyoujointhequeueinsidethebank.

4.Theirmarriagestartedtogowrongwhenhegotajobabroad.

5.Youwon’tsucceedingettingwhatyouwantunlessyouworkhard.

6.Itwouldbeniceformetobeabletocarryonaconversationwithyou.

7.TheyhavecometoSouthAfricainthehopeoffindingtreasure.

Ⅲ.翻譯句子1.昨天,我和我的兒子Shepherd坐在一起,決心測試一下我自己在這方面的理論。(determined)Yesterday,Isatwithmyson,Shepherd,determinedtotestmyowntheoryonthis.

2.使我們大失所望的是,野餐那天下起雨來了。(disappointment)Toourgreatdisappointment/Muchtoourdisappointment,itrainedonthedayofthepicnic.

3.她渴望有一天能去巴黎,并且渴望通過學(xué)習(xí)法語來實現(xiàn)這個夢想。(desire)ShehasadesirethatshecouldgotoParisoneday,andshealsohasadesireforlearningFrenchtomakethatdreamcometrue.

4.我還沒來得及向司機示意,那輛出租車就開走了。(signal)ThetaxihadmovedawaybeforeIcouldsignaltothedriver.

5.為了更好地體驗中國傳統(tǒng)文化,我校學(xué)生會組織了一次有意義的活動。(soastodosth)Thestudents’unionofourschoolorganizedameaningfulactivitysoastobetterexperiencetraditionalChineseculture.

[提升測評]Ⅳ.閱讀理解Aswecontinuetoexplorefartheroutintooursolarsystemandbeyond,thequestionofhumanslivingonotherplanetsoftencomesup.MannedbasesontheMoonorMars,forexample,havelongbeenadreamofmany.Thereisanaturaldesiretoexploreasfaraswecango,andalsotoextendhumanity’spresenceonapermanentoratleastsemi-permanentbasis.Inordertodothis,however,itisnecessarytoadapttodifferentextremeenvironments.OntheMoon,forexample,acolonymustbeself-sustainingandprotectitsinhabitantsfromtheairless,harshenvironmentoutside.Mars,though,isdifferent.WhilefuturebasescouldadapttotheMartianenvironmentovertime,thereisalsothepossibilityofmodifyingthesurroundingenvironmentinsteadofjustco-existingwithit.Thisistheprocessofterraforming(地球化)—adjustingMars’atmosphereandenvironmenttomakeitmoreEarth-like.Butthebiggerquestionis,shouldwe?OneofthemainissuesiswhetherMarshasanynativelifeornotandifitdoes,shoulditbepreservedasmuchaspossible?Iftheanswerisyes,thenlarge-scalehumansettlementonMarsshouldbecompletelyoff-limits.Smallcoloniesmightbefine,butlivingonMarsshouldnotbeattheexpenseofanynativeinhabitants,iftheyexist.IfMarsishometoanyindigenouslife,thenterraformingshouldbeanon-issue;itsimplyshouldnotbedone.WhatifMarsislifeless?Evenifnolifeexiststhere,thatuntouchedanduniquealienenvironmentneedstobepreservedasitisasmuchaspossible.We’vealreadydonetoomuchdamagehereonourownplanet.BystudyingMarsandotherplanetsandmoonsintheircurrentnaturalstate,wecanlearnsomuchabouttheirhistoryandalsolearnmoreaboutourownworld.Weshouldappreciatethedifferencesofotherworldsinsteadofjusttransformingthemtosuitourownambitions.1.WhatdoestheauthorthinkweshoulddoiflifeisfoundonMars?A.Ensurethatit’snotharmed.B.NegotiatewiththeMartians.C.Changetheunpopulatedregions.D.Assesstheadvantagesanddisadvantages.解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“l(fā)arge-scalehumansettlementonMarsshouldbecompletelyoff-limits”,“l(fā)ivingonMarsshouldnotbeattheexpenseofanynativeinhabitants,iftheyexist”,“itsimplyshouldnotbedone”可知,如果火星上有生命存在,我們應(yīng)當(dāng)避免大規(guī)模移民,應(yīng)當(dāng)盡力保護其不受傷害。故選A。答案:A2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“indigenous”inparagraph3mean?A.Complex. B.Native.C.Foreign. D.Intelligent.解析:詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句中的“...thenterraformingshouldbeanon-issue;itsimplyshouldnotbedone.”可知,這樣的話,我們就不應(yīng)該使火星地球化。又結(jié)合該段第一句可以推知,這樣做的前提是火星上有原始生命;故畫線詞與B項詞義相近。故選B。答案:B3.Howdoestheauthordevelophisideasinthetext?A.Byreferringtoothers’research.B.Byevaluatingdifferentplanets.C.Byjustifyingthebenefitsofterraforming.D.Byarguinginsupportofoneviewpoint.解析:寫作手法題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Butthebiggerquestionis,shouldwe?”和第三段以及第四段的內(nèi)容可知,作者先提出一個問題,然后通過討論兩種情況來論述自己的觀點。故選D。答案:D4.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.IsThereLifeonMars?B.CanWeAdapttoMars?C.ShouldWeTerraformMars?D.AreMarsandEarthSoDifferent?解析:標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知,本文是圍繞第二段結(jié)尾句“Butthebiggerquestionis,shouldwe?”提出的問題展開討論的,又結(jié)合下文論述的不應(yīng)該以犧牲火星上的原始生命為代價而去改變火星上的環(huán)境以適應(yīng)人類的生存,以及即使火星上無生命我們也應(yīng)讓它保持原狀以便我們了解到更多東西可知,C項最適合做本文的標(biāo)題。故選C。答案:CⅤ.閱讀七選五Gardening380KilometresAboveEarthAstronautshavetogothroughphysical,psychological,andtechnicaltraining.Theyalsogothroughtraininginhowtocareforplants.These“astronautgardeners”sharetheirworkandlivingspacewithplants.Takingseedsandplantsalongonatripisn’tanewidea.Asspacetripsbecomelonger,itwillbenecessarytogrowfoodinspace.1.______Becauseofthis,it’snotpracticaltosendeverythingneededforalongjourney,onlytobeusedonceandthrownaway.

Plantscanhavemanyusesonaspacejourney.Theycanprovidemorefreshthings.2.Also,plantscanhelptomakeairqualitybetterbecausetheyproduceoxygen.Theycanimprovethequalityoftheairinsidethespacecraft—theonlyairtheastronautscanbreathe.

3.Duetothelackofgravityinspace,theoxygenthattheplantsproducestaysaroundtheplants.Thiscanactuallykillthem,sofansareneededtocirculatetheair.Withoutgravity,rootsdon’t“know”howtogrowdown,leavesdon’t“know”howtogrowup,andwaterdoesn’teasilytravelupfromtherootstotheleaves.4.Besides,soilistooheavytosendtospace,andspecialliquidgels(膠滯體)areusedtohelpplantsgrow.

Scientistsarealsoworkingontheplantsthemselves.Theyaretryingtomakeplantsgrowmorerapidlyandgrowwithlesswaterandlightinspace,andtheyarelookingforwaystomakeplantsmoreresistanttodisease.5.Imaginethatdesertsmayonedayprovidelotsoffreshfoodforlocalpeople,savingtransportationcosts.Similarly,plantsthatareresistanttodiseasecouldprovideanimportantfoodsupply.Withtheworld’spopulationnowatmorethansevenbillion(十億),ourastronautgardenersmayhelpdiscoverwaystofeedthosebillions.

A.Everyplantgrowninspacemusthaveseveraluses.B.However,therearechallengesofgrowingplantsinspace.C.SuchmethodsmayresultinimprovementsbackhereonEarth.D.Thecostoftakinganythingintospaceisabout$22,000perkilogram.E.Specializedcontainersarebe