課件英語選擇性必修三Unit3Developingideas

Unit3WarandpeaceDevelopingideasBYMICHELLEReading01LeadinGuesswhichuniversityitis.Alotoffamousgraduatesoncestudiedinthisuniversity.YangZhenningLiZhengdaoDengJiaxianSomeprominentprofessorsevertaughtinthisuniversity.Itwasfoundedby3universities(PKU,THU,&NKU)andlastedforonly8years.ZhuZiqingQianZhongshuHuaLuogengLiangSichengLiandaNationalSouthwestAssociatedUniversityPre-readingLookatthepicturesandanswerthequestions.Whatkindofuniversitydoyouthinkitis?Whatdoyouknowaboutit?Howisitdifferentfromtoday’suniversities?Whatkindofuniversitydoyouthinkitis?Whatdoyouknowaboutit?Howisitdifferentfromtoday’suniversities?AsIknow,itisauniversitythatcameintobeingunderextremelypoorconditionsduringtheWarofResistanceagainstJapan.IalsolearnthatitproducedmanyofChina’smostoutstandingscientistsandintellectuals.Notliketoday’smostuniversities,Liandawasmadeupofthreeestablisheduniversities—that’showitgotitsname.PredictionWhataspectsofLiandawillbe

mentioned?ThereasonofsettingupLianda.Thefamousprofessorsandtalentedstudents.ThedevelopmentofLianda.ThecontributionsofLianda.TheeverlastingspiritsofLianda.√√√√N(yùn)owreadthepassageandfindoutwhatissospecialaboutLianda.While-readingReadforstructurePara.___Para.___Para.___1-23-56-7

Tointroducethetopic---theestablishmentofLianda.TogivemoreinformationaboutLianda(hardships,academicachievementsandcontributions).TostresstheeverlastingspiritofLianda.establishment

ofLiandainformationaboutLiandaspiritofLiandaLiandaReadforgeneralideaChoosetheideasthatareconveyedinthepassage.Findevidencetosupportyourchoices.1.LiandawasthebestuniversityinChinesehistory.2.ThestoryofLiandashowsChineseintellectuals’academicpursuitandpatriotism.3.Onlyunderdifficultcircumstancescanstudentssucceed.4.Liandahasnurturedmanyoutstandingscholars.5.Liandawasagreatsuccessonlybecauseithadprominentprofessorsandtalentedstudents.6.PeopletodaystilladmirethespiritofLianda.ReadfordetailsPart1：TheestablishmentofLiandaWhat’sthedefinitionof“war”?Formostofthegreatthinkers,theiracademicstruggleshaveoftenbeenromanticallyreferredasbeinglike“war”,whichhasbeenpurelysymbolic.Realwarisneverromanticasitbringssufferingandimmensechallenges.Part1：TheestablishmentofLiandaTimeUniversitiesReasonIn1937PekingUniversity,TsinghuaUniversity,NankaiUniversiyTosavetheireducationalandIntellectualheritageLianda:NationalSouthwesternAssociatedUniversityPart2：InformationaboutLiandahardshipsWhatdifficultiesdidtheprofessorsandstudentsencounter？WhatmadethenationsintellectualheritagenotonlyGuardedbutalsofortified？WhatkindofspiritdrovestudentstojointhearmytoresisttheJapaneseinvaders?academicachievementscontributionshardshipsjourneyconditionslifeandstudyanepicjourneymorethan2000kilometresmostofthemonfoot“中國教育史上最偉大的長征”liveinroughbuildingsdireshortagesoffood,books,andequipmentclasseswerefrequentlydisruptedastrongspiritofperseveranceacademicachievements2arenobelprizewinners5areournationalscienceandtechnologyawardwinners8arethekeypersonsofthe“Twobombs.Onesatellite”project9are

partyandstateleadersMorethan100becamefamousteachersandmastersandalargenumberofthemareworldrenownedpillarspassionandbeliefoftheworthyacademicsofLiandacontributionsAgreatmanystudentsatLiandajoinedthearmytoresisttheJapaneseinvadersanddefendthehonourofthenation.Infact,Liandaprovidedthelargestnumberofstudent-soldiersfromanycampusinChina.asenseofcommitment/dedication

許先生從事文學(xué)翻譯工作長達(dá)六十多年，在國內(nèi)外出版中、英、法文著譯數(shù)本，包括《詩經(jīng)》《楚辭》《李白詩選》《西廂記》《紅與黑》《包法利夫人》《追憶似水年華》等中外名著，被譽(yù)為“詩譯英法唯一人”。

查良錚是穆旦先生的本名，于1940畢業(yè)于西南聯(lián)大外文系。他有個叔伯兄弟叫查良鏞，也就是大名鼎鼎的武俠小說家金庸。作為詩人的穆旦現(xiàn)在被推為現(xiàn)代詩歌第一人，一首《哀國難》驚醒了無數(shù)同胞。從1954年開始，他用業(yè)余時間進(jìn)行詩歌翻譯工作并署名查良錚，翻譯了普希金、濟(jì)慈、雪萊等詩人經(jīng)典作品，并被認(rèn)為是“迄今為止中國詩歌翻譯史成就最大的一人”。ZhaLiangzheng

查良錚XuYuanchong許淵沖SOFTLY,ONTHEHILLSIDEFORGOTENBYALL,AMISTYRAINFALLSINAGENTLEBREEZE;THEREISNOTRACEOFTHEFOOTPRINTSOFHISTOY;WHEREBRAVESOULSONCESTOOD,BREATHINGNEWLIFEINTOTHETREES.Readthepoemwithemotion.WhatisyourunderstandingofthepoemwrittenbyZhaLiangzheng?Part3：ThespiritofLiandaAproductofthewar,Liandaisnowphysicallygone.ButithasbecomethecrowninggloryofChina’smodernuniversities,notonlybecauseofitsprominentprofessorsandtalentedstudents,butalsobecauseoftheschool’sstrongspiritofperseveranceanddedication.The80thanniversaryofitsfoundingDeepthinkingTheSpiritofLiandaasenseofcommitmentpassionandbeliefoftheworthyacademicastrongspiritofpeserverancenevergiveuphard-workingTheloveofCPCandmotherland(愛黨愛國)down-to-earthAsateenager,howcanyouapplythespiritofLiandaintoyourstudyandlife?

Similesandmetaphorsaretwocommonlyused，buteasytoconfuse，figuresofspeech.Similescompareandshowsimilaritiesintypicallydifferentthings.Similesusuallyuseconnectingwordssuchaslike

，as

，soandresemble.Forexample，Heisascoolasacucumber.Unlikesimiles，metaphorsmakedirectcomparisonswithoutusingconnectingwords.Forexample，Shehasaheartofalion.Herearesomeexamplesof

similes

and

metaphors:Lifeislikeaboxofchocolates.Mylifeisanopenbook.Thatbabyisascuteasabutton!Baby,you’reafirework.SimileMetaphorSimileMetaphor1Theirbedwasthedustyroadandtheirroofwastheopensky,…2Theyhadtoliveinroughbuildings,packed40toaroom,likesardines.Findoutwhatfiguresofspeechareusedinthesentencesanddiscusshowtheyhelptoexpresstheauthor’semotions.Metaphorisusedinthissentence.Ithelpstodescribehowdifficultitwasforprofessorsandstudentsinthethreeuniversitiestomakethejourney.Simileisusedinthissentence.Ithelpstoexpressthehardshipsandchallengesthattheywentthrough.Post-readingWhatdifficultiesdidtheprofessorsandstudentsofLiandaencounter?Howdidtheydealwiththese?TheyhadtotravelalongdistancetoreachLianda.Throughoutthejourney,theyhadnoaccommodationandhadtosurviveextremeconditions.Also,theconditionsinLiandaitselfwereveryharsh.Theydidnothaveenoughfoodandstudiedinroughbuildings.Furthermore,theirstudywasofteninterruptedbyairattacks.Theyhadtoadapttothesechallenges,forinstance,byholdingtheirclasseswhentheywerenotlikelytobebombed.WhatcontributiondidLiandamaketotheeducationofthenation?Inwhatwaysisthethemeofwarandpeacepresenteddifferentlyinthetworeadingpassagesinthisunit?ManyofChina’sleadingscholarsandscientistscamefromLianda,includingtwoNobelPrizewinners.Lianda’sspirithasbecometheblueprintforalluniversitiesinChinainthemodernera.ThepassageontheD-Daylandingsfocusesonwarasamilitaryoperation,andonhowdeadsoldiersarememorialised.ThepassageonLiandafocusesonhowwaraffectedChina’sstudentsandacademics,andhowtheywereabletoachieveexcellenceinspiteofthegreatdifficulties.GiveatalkaboutthespiritofLianda.1Discussthequestionsbelow.?HowcanyoudescribethespiritofLianda??Whatexamplessupportyourideas??WhatcanyoulearnfromthestoryofLianda?Strong，persistent，determinedandoutstanding.Despitetheimmensehardshipsandthedauntingchallenges，theynevergaveuptheirdreams.ManyofChina’sleadingscholarsandscientistsemergedatLianda.Fromthestory，wecanlearntofacedifficultiesbravelyandpursuethetruthpersistently.

2Completethediagramwithyourideasandtheexamplesthatsupportthem.Giveyourtalktotheclass.Throughouthistory，thegreatthinkersoftheworldhaveoftenratherromanticallyreferredtotheiracademicstrugglesasbeinglike“war”.縱觀歷史，世界上偉大的思想家們常常以一種浪漫的說法把他們的學(xué)術(shù)之爭比喻為“戰(zhàn)爭”。

academicadj.學(xué)術(shù)的；學(xué)業(yè)的anacademiccareer學(xué)術(shù)生涯academicsubjects/qualifications學(xué)科/學(xué)術(shù)資歷thestartofthenewacademicyear新學(xué)年的開始Beingunabletouseacomputermakesitmoredifficultforhimtodohisacademicresearch.不會使用電腦使他的學(xué)術(shù)研究更加困難。【單詞積累】academyn.研究院；學(xué)會；?？茖W(xué)院

單句語法填空（1）Perhapsyouarenot__________academicpersonbutyouseethesamekindofattitude

inotherareas.完成句子（2）ThestudentsreturninSeptemberforthestartof____________________________（新學(xué)年）.（3）He’sbeeninformedthathedoesn’tqualifyforthescholarshipbecauseofhis________________________（學(xué)術(shù)背景）.anthenewacademicyearacademicbackgroundTheirbedwasthedustyroadandtheirroofwastheopensky，oftenlitupbyexplodingJapanesebombs.他們以塵土飛揚(yáng)的道路為床，以開闊的、經(jīng)常被日軍的炸彈照亮的天空為屋頂。lightup照亮；變得明亮；（使）流露出喜悅/興奮【注意】（1）light的過去式或過去分詞有兩種形式lighted或lit，但在通常情況下lit比lighted用得更多。（2）若轉(zhuǎn)化成形容詞，作表語時常用lit，而作定語時常用lighted。Thematchislit.火柴點(diǎn)燃了。Hewasholdingalightedmatch.他手里拿著根點(diǎn)燃的火柴。單句語法填空（1）Therewasanexplosionandthewholesky_______________（light）up.（2）Asthescreenlit__________，hetypedinhispassword.（3）Lilywasfrightened，withthe____________（light）matchinherhand.完成句子（4）Shedrewbackthecurtain，andabrilliantsun__________（照亮）theirrooms.（5）看到禮物的時候羅茜滿臉興奮。Rosie’swholeface____________withexcitementwhenshesawthepresents.lit/lighted

uplightedlituplitupItisnowonderthatmany，ifnotmost，ofChina’sleadingscholarsandscientistsemergedatLianda...難怪即使不是大多數(shù)，但也有許多中國領(lǐng)先的學(xué)者和科學(xué)家都是聯(lián)大出身……emergev.出現(xiàn)Themoonemergedfrombehindtheclouds.月亮從云層后露了出來。Shefinallyemergedfromherroomatnoon.中午，她終于從屋里出來了。Weemergedintobrightsunlight.我們來到明媚的陽光下?！締卧~積累】emergencen.出現(xiàn)；顯現(xiàn)emergencyn.緊急情況，不測事件inanemergency在緊急情況下incaseofemergency萬一遇到緊急情況單句語法填空（1）Shewasworryingabouthimwhenhe___________（emerge）fromthelake.（2）Incaseof__________（emerge），pressthebuttonandbreaktheglass.（3）Wetendtooverlooksomesignificanteventsthatemerged_______thenetuntilmonthslater.（4）Languageemergesanddevelopswiththe_____________（emerge）anddevelopmentof

society.emergedemergencyfromemergenceItisnowonderthatmany，ifnotmost，ofChina’sleadingscholarsandscientistsemergedatLianda...難怪即使不是大多數(shù)，但也有許多中國領(lǐng)先的學(xué)者和科學(xué)家都是聯(lián)大出身……Itisnowonder(that)...……不足為奇，難怪……【歸納拓展】Nowonder（that）...=Itisnowonderthat...難怪……Itisawonder（that）...令人驚奇的是……Nowonderthatshemisunderstoodhim.HisspokenEnglishispoor.It’sawonderthatnoonegothurtintheaccident.單句語法填空（1）_________wasnowonderLucywassoupset.Shefailedmaths.（2）Itisnowonder___________manyretiredpeopleareescapingfromcrowdedcities.完成句子（3）Heisthecleverestandworks

hardest._________________________________________（難怪）heisalwaysgettingfirstplaceinhisclass.（4）__________________（令人驚奇的是）hecouldfinishsuchahardtaskinsuchashorttime.It

that

Itisnowonder（that）/Nowonder（that）ItisawonderthatOnwindydays，wehadtoholddownthepaperonthedesk...在刮風(fēng)的日子里，我們不得不把紙按在桌子上……h(huán)olddown控制住，固定住；抑制（價格等）的上升；保?。üぷ鳌⒙毼唬㊣ttookthreementoholdhimdown.Therateofinflationmustbehelddown.Hewasunabletoholddownajobafterhisbreakdown.【歸納拓展】holdon等會兒；別掛斷電話；堅持下去

holdonto守住，保住；緊緊抓住

holdback阻擋；控制；隱瞞

holdout伸出（手）；維持，堅持

holdup舉起，支撐；耽擱，阻礙

holdtogether（使）團(tuán)結(jié)，（使）不分裂單句語法填空（1）Astrongwindblewandheimmediatelyheld________thebookinfrontofhim.（2）Themethodhelpshold_________thepricesofimports，forsuchthingsasoilandfood.（3）Iwillholdon_______mydreamandnevergiveitup.（4）Noonecanhold________thewheelofhistory.（5）I’dthoughtIcouldhold________tillmydentistcamebackfromholiday，butthepainwasreallyunbearable.（6）Theroofisheld________bywood.downdowntobackoutupIn2017，representativesfromPekingUniversity...gatheredtocommemoratethe80thanniversaryofitsfounding.2017年，北京大學(xué)……的代表們齊聚一堂，共同紀(jì)念聯(lián)大建校80周年。representativen.代表adj.典型的；有代表性的搭配：berepresentativeof代表……的arepresentativeoftheUN聯(lián)合國代表aunionrepresentative工會代表【單詞積累】representv.代表；表示，象征；描繪，展示單句語法填空（1）Isaquestionnaireansweredby500peopletruly________________（represent）ofthepopulationasawhole?（2）Heistheidealperson______________（represent）ourclass.完成句子（3）Dorememberthatyouarethepeople’s_____________________（選出的代表）andyou____________________________（代表）thepeople.representativetorepresentelectedrepresentativerepresent/arerepresentativeofWriting02WritingaboutawarheroWatchthevideo,andtellwhatawarherois.Awarheroisapersonwhoisadmiredforbraveryinwar.ReadtheintroductiontoYangJingyuandanswerthequestions.YangJingyu，ananti-Japanesehero，wasborninHenanProvincein1905.HejoinedtheCommunistPartyofChina（CPC）in1927.In1937YangbecameleaderoftheNorth-eastAnti-JapaneseUnitedArmyandfoughtaguerrillawaragainsttheJapaneseinvaders.In1938，theJapanesearmyofferedalargesum

ofmoneyforYang’sheadandalargenumberoftroopssurroundedhismen.Inearly1940，facingacriticallackof

supplies，Yangdecidedtolethismenbreakthroughinsmallgroups，buthisownsectionof60menwasbetrayedtotheJapanese.Afterthesemenwerekilled，Yangfoughtonaloneforfivedays.Hewaseventuallytrackeddownon23FebruarybyalargeunitofJapanesetroops.Hekilledmorethan20Japanesesoldiersbeforedyinginahailofmachinegunfire.WhentheJapanesecutopenhisbody，theydiscoveredonlytreebark，cottonandgrassroots，butnotasinglegrainofriceinhisstomach. Yang’sdeathwasahugeblowtohisloyaltroops，buttheyturnedsorrowintoangerandcontinuedtofightfiercelyagainsttheinvaders.AfterthePeople’sRepublicofChina（PRC）wasestablished，Yangwasreburiedwithfullmilitaryhonours，inTonghua，JilinProvince.WhowasYangJingyu?WhydidYangdecidetoletsmallgroupsofhismenbreakthroughtheencirclement?WhatdidtheJapanesefindwhentheykilledYang?HowwouldyoudescribeYang’sspiritinyourownwords?YangJingyuwasananti-Japanesehero,whodiedinafightagainstJapanesetroops.Becauseatthattimetherewasacriticallackofsupplies.Theyfoundonlytreebark,cottonandgrassroots,insteadofriceinhisstomach.YangJingyu’sheroicspiritofkillinghimselfratherthansurrendermovesusmost.Heneveryieldedtotheaggressorsandfoughttothedeath.Inordertosafeguardnationaldignity，YangJingyuledhistroopstofightbloodybattles，settinganexampletotheChinesepeopletofighttheenemywithloyaltyandcourage，andshowingtheChinesepeople’sheroicspiritofnotfearingviolenceandresolutedeterminationtosavethecountryinfrontofJapaneseinvaders.ThestructureofthepassageAwarheroMajoreventsaboutYangJingyuAbriefintroductiontoYangJingyuPeople’sopinionsofYangJingyuIntroductionMainbodyConclusionTalkaboutotherwarheroesandchooseonetowriteabout.Organiseyourideasbycompletingthenotesbelow.Domoreresearchifnecessary.Writingaboutawarhero此類作文是記敘文的一種，以人物為中心組織材料，圍繞人物來寫。第一段中應(yīng)簡要進(jìn)行人物介紹，包括人物基本信息；第二段應(yīng)進(jìn)一步描述人物性格特點(diǎn)、主要事件，說明此人值得尊敬/愛戴/學(xué)習(xí)的地方。文章結(jié)尾還應(yīng)說明人們對該人物的印象或評價。寫此類文章之前先列出文中要提到的人物的主要信息，以及備用的描述性詞語。人物描寫重在描述，描述時應(yīng)準(zhǔn)確生動、詳略得當(dāng)、層次分明、主體完整。1.確定文體：以人物描寫為主，可輔以敘述和評論。2.主體時態(tài)：文章以一般過去時或一般現(xiàn)在時為主。3.主體人稱：第三人稱。4.內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)：①人物簡介；②人物事跡；③人物成就；④人物評價及其他。5.可有選擇性地對人物進(jìn)行肖像描寫、語言描寫、動作描寫、心理描寫或神態(tài)描寫等等?！咀⒁馐马?xiàng)】此類短文雖屬于描述性寫作范疇，但寫作內(nèi)容涉及描寫、敘述和議論等多個方面，在寫此類英語短文時應(yīng)注意以下兩點(diǎn)：1.介紹人物基本信息。正如本題題目所要求，文章宜開門見山，對所描寫的人物進(jìn)行總體介紹。文中還應(yīng)遵循一定的時間和邏輯順序來介紹人物的主要事跡。盡管人物描寫可以從外貌、心理、行動等多方面展開，但“以事寫人”依然是此類短文寫作中應(yīng)遵循的基本思路。2.主題鮮明，重點(diǎn)突出。在人物描寫（characterization）中，具體生動的描寫能夠“再現(xiàn)”人物的性格特點(diǎn)和思想感情，使得讀者印象深刻，甚至如見其人。這就要求寫作時精挑細(xì)選、合理編排，圍繞主線選取人物的典型事跡和代表性話語等等，在有限的篇幅內(nèi)進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)描寫，實(shí)現(xiàn)效果的最大化。背景：...wasbornin/intoapoor/richfamilyin...,when...wasyoung,spentone’schildhoodin...外貌：beautiful,pretty,good-looking,ordinary-looking,handsome,strong,fat,thin品質(zhì)和個性：kind,determined,gentle,considerate,optimistic,easy-going,warm-hearted,hard-working,responsible,patient,helpful,friendly,generous愛好：begoodat,haveagiftfor,beinterestedin,befondof,becrazyabout教育背景：graduatedfrom,gota...degree,majoredin,studiedhardat,tookanactivepartinclass經(jīng)歷和事跡：devoteoneselftodosth.,withgreatdeterminationandperseverance,fightfor,makeupone’smindtodosth.,overcomemanydifficulties,tryone’sbesttodosth.評價：oneofthebest,mostimportant,setagoodexampleto,...istheprideof...,makegreatcontributionsto,beregardedasDongCunruiwasbornintoapoorpeasantfamilyinHuailaiCounty,HeBeiProvinceon15October1929.In1945hejoinedtheEighthRouteArmyandinMarch1947hejoinedtheCommunistPartyofChina.On25May1948,thebattlefortheliberationofLonghuabegan,andthesoldiersoftheChinesePeople’sLiberationArmy(PLA)floodedtowardsLonghuaMiddleSchool,theHeadquartersoftheenemy.Sixjetsoffirefromabridge