Unit3DiscoveringUsefulStructures分層練習(xí)-高二英語（人教版2019選擇性）

Unit3DiscoveringUsefulStructures分層練習(xí)語言知識(shí)一、（2024·高二課時(shí)練習(xí)）詞性轉(zhuǎn)換1._________vi.&vt.(使)挨餓；餓死→_________n.挨餓；餓死2._________n.生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué)→_________adj.生態(tài)學(xué)的3._________vt.維持；遭受；承受住→_________adj.可持續(xù)的；合理利用的4._________adj.經(jīng)常的；頻繁的→_________adv.頻繁地；經(jīng)常5._________vt.限制；限定；束縛→_________n.限制規(guī)定；限制法規(guī)；約束6._________n.融洽，一致→_________n.和諧的7._________adj.每年的；一年的n.年刊；年鑒→_________adv.每年；一年一次地8._________n.起源；由來→_________adj.最初的；原始的→_________vi.&vt.起源；發(fā)源；創(chuàng)立9._________vt.保存→_________n.對(duì)(環(huán)境、文物等)保護(hù)；保持

10._________vt.規(guī)定，管理→________n.章程；規(guī)章制度11._________vt忍受；包容；容許→_________n.忍受；寬容12._________vt.檢查；視察→_________n．檢查；查看；視察【答案】1.starve；starvation2.ecology；ecological3.sustain；sustainable4.frequent；frequently5.restrict；restriction6.harmony；harmonious7.annual；annually8.origin；original；originate9.conserve；conservation10.regulate；regulation11.tolerate；tolerance12.inspect；inspection二、（2024·高二課時(shí)練習(xí)）單句語法填空1.Millionswillface_________(starve)nextyearasaresultofthedrought.2.Thegovernmentshoulddomoretopromote_________(sustain)agriculture.3.Busesrun_________(frequent)betweenthecityandtheairport.4.Therelaxationoftravel_________(restrict)meanstheyarefreetotravelandwork.5.Itisa_________(harmony)munitywherepupilsarehappyandhardworking.6._________behalfoftheentirepany,Iwouldliketothankyouforallyourwork.7.Thereisa_________(regulate)thatlargetrucksmustnotusethisroad.

8.Theheadwentonatourof_________(inspect)ofalltheclassrooms.【答案】1.starvation2.sustainable(句意：政府應(yīng)該做更多工作來發(fā)展可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)。)3.frequently4.restrictions5.harmonious6.On7.regulation8.inspection三、（2024·高二課時(shí)練習(xí)）選詞填空blogpost,searchengine,account,discount,keeptrackof,chat,streamThere'salmostnolimittowhatyoucandoonline.Let'stakealookatsomeofthewaystheInternetismostmonlyusedtoday.ThereisalotofinformationontheInternet,and1.________maketheinformationeasiertofind.YoucanalsousetheInternetto2.________importanteventsaroundtheworld.EmailisawaytosendandreceivemessagesacrosstheInternet.AlmosteveryonewhousestheInternethastheirownemail3.________.Unlikesendingemailstojustafewpeople,socialnetworksconnectmanypeopleatthesametime.Forexample,onsocialnetworkingwebsitesyoucanjoinanonlinegroupand4.________withothers,oryoucanwritea(n)5.________whichcanbeseenbymanyothers.Therearealsomanysitesthatallowyouto6.________moviesandmusic.AndyoucanalsousetheInternettoshopforjustaboutanythingyouwantata(n)7.________.【答案】1.searchengines2.keeptrackof3.account4.chat5.blogpost6.stream7.discount知識(shí)應(yīng)用四、（云南省昆明市尋甸縣第一中學(xué)20242025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期8月月考）閱讀理解TheBestputerSciencepetitionsforStudentsBebrasBebrasisaputingpetitionwhereeachparticipantgets45minutestoanswer15multiplechoicequestionsonputationalandlogicalthinking.Studentspletethechallengeatschool,andtheycantrackhowtheirputerscienceskillsgrowovertime.Eligibility(資格)requirements:Anyteachercansigntheirstudentsupforthepetition.Prizes:Yourteachercanprintcertificateswithyourlevelofachievement.CongressionalAppChallengeInthisputersciencepetition,individualstudentsorgroupsofuptofourdesignanapp.Theappcanbecreatedusinganyprogramminglanguageandplatform,anditcanbeonanythemeortopic.Eligibilityrequirements:Youmustbeamiddleorhighschoolstudentinaparticipatingdistrict.Prizes:WinningappsarequalifiedtobedisplayedintheUSCapitolBuildingandfeaturedontheHouseofRepresentatives’website.WinnersarealsoinvitedtoattendareceptiononCapitolHillandmaybeawardedadditionalsponsorprizes.InternationalOlympiadinInformatics(IOI)Eachcountrysendsagroupoffourstudents,whopeteindividually,tothetwodayinternationalpetition.AmericanstudentsmustwintheUSACOpetition(seebelow)tobechosentoparticipate.Eligibilityrequirements:Youmustbesecondaryschoolstudentswhowinyournationalpetition.Prizes:IOIofficiallyonlygivesmedalstothewinners.However,therealprizeisbeingabletowritedown“IOIwinner”whenyouapplytoacollege,whichwillgiveyouabigadvantageinmosttopScience,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics(STEM)collegeprograms.USAputingOlympiad(USACO)Thiswellknownandwellregardedpetitiontestsskillsinareassuchasprogrammingproblemsthatcanbesolvedusingvariousprogramminglanguages.Studentspeteinthreeonlinecontests,plusanational“USOpen”petition,Fromtheseresults,thetop24orsoscorersareinvitedtoatrainingcampintheearlysummer.Attheendofthecamp,thetopfourparticipantsareinvitedtoattendIOI(seeabove).Eligibilityrequirements:YoumustbeamiddleschoolorhighschoolstudentintheUS.Prizes:TopfourparticipantsgoontopeteatIOI.1.Whichpetitionisopentoanystudent?A.Bebras. B.USAputingOlympiad.C.CongressionalAppChallenge. D.InternationalOlympiadinInformatics.2.WhatisspecialaboutCongressionalAppChallenge?A.Participantsmustbeguidedbyteachers.B.Anappcanfocusonmorethanonetopic.C.Itallowsparticipantstopeteasateam.D.ParticipantsmustwintheUSACOpetition.3.WhatprizecananInternationalOlympiadinInformaticswinnerget?A.Ajobofferfromawebsite. B.AninvitationtoCapitolHill.C.AchancetopeteatBebras. D.Anadditiontothecollegeapplication.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了四個(gè)面向?qū)W生的計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)競賽【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bebras部分的“Eligibility(資格)requirements,Anyteachercansigntheirstudentsupforthepetition.(資格要求，任何老師都可以讓學(xué)生報(bào)名參加比賽)”可知，任何學(xué)生都可以參加Bebras競賽。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CongressionalAppChallenge部分的“Inthisputersciencepetition,individualstudentsorgroupsofuptofourdesignanapp.(在這場計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)競賽中，學(xué)生個(gè)人或最多四人一組設(shè)計(jì)一款應(yīng)用程序)”可知，CongressionalAppChallenge競賽的特殊之處在于允許以團(tuán)隊(duì)形式參賽。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)InternationalOlympiadinInformatics(IOI)部分的“Prizes:IOIofficiallyonlygivesmedalstothewinners.However,therealprizeisbeingabletowritedown“IOIwinner”whenyouapplytoacollege,whichwillgiveyouabigadvantageinmosttopScience,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics(STEM)collegeprograms.(獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)：IOI官方只向獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)哳C發(fā)獎(jiǎng)牌。然而，真正的獎(jiǎng)品是在你申請(qǐng)大學(xué)時(shí)能夠?qū)懴隆癐OI獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)摺?，這將使你在大多數(shù)頂尖的科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)（STEM）大學(xué)項(xiàng)目中占據(jù)很大優(yōu)勢)”可知，IOI的獲勝者可以將這個(gè)稱號(hào)寫在大學(xué)申請(qǐng)里。故選D。五、（福建省20242025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期11月期中）語法填空China'slunarspacesuitmadeitsfirstpublicappearanceonSaturdayataforum（論壇）inChongqing.Theappearancemarks56significantmilestoneinthecountry'slunarexplorationeffortsandreflectstheadvancementofChina'sspacesuittechnology.Thereddecorativebandsonthearmsandlegsemphasizeitsgracefulandpowerfuldesign，withthearmbands57（look）likeflowing“Feitian”ribbons（絲帶），symbolizinggraceand58（elegant），whilethelegbandsareshapedliketheexhaustflames（排氣火焰）ofarocket,conveyingthedynamicenergyofspaceexploration.Thesuitdrawsinspiration59traditionalChinesearmor,representingstrengthanddignity,reflectingthecourageandpioneeringspiritoftheChinesepeople.Since2020,theresearchandthedevelopmentofthelunarspacesuit60(focus)onprotectionfunctioninplexenvironmentsandenhancingastronautmobility.Thesuit'sdevelopmenthasachievednumeroustechnical61(breakthrough).“China'sspaceprogrammeisprogressingstepbystep62(base)onitsownplans.OurfirstlunarspacesuitmarksthesteadyadvancementofChina'smannedlunarlandingprogramme,indicatingthattheday63Chinesepeoplesetfootonthemoonmaynotbefaroff,”KangGuohua,aprofessorofAerospaceEngineeringatNanjingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics.Theresearchanddevelopmentofspacesuitsinvolvesawiderangeofscientificdisciplinesandplextechnologies,andonlyafewcountriesintheworldpossessthecapabilityof64(independent)designingandmanufacturingspacesuits.Chinaaims65(send)astronautstothemoonby2030,officialspreviouslyrevealed.Thecountry'snewgenerationmannedspacecraftMengzhou,lunarlanderLanyue,andthenewgenerationmannedlaunchvehicletheLongMarch10havebeenproceedingsmoothly.【答案】【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國登月服亮相以及其設(shè)計(jì)巧思。56.【答案】a（形式錯(cuò)誤，拼寫錯(cuò)誤，大小寫錯(cuò)誤均不得分。）【解析】考查冠詞。此處asignificantmilestone表示“一個(gè)重要的里程碑”。57.【答案】looking（形式錯(cuò)誤，拼寫錯(cuò)誤，大小寫錯(cuò)誤均不得分。）【解析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。此處考查with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，with＋n.＋doing用法。58.【答案】elegance（形式錯(cuò)誤，拼寫錯(cuò)誤，大小寫錯(cuò)誤均不得分。）【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處填入名詞elegance，和上文的grace呼應(yīng)。59.【答案】from（形式錯(cuò)誤，拼寫錯(cuò)誤，大小寫錯(cuò)誤均不得分。）【解析】考查介詞。此處drawinspirationfrom表示“從·······中獲得靈感”。60.【答案】havefocused（形式錯(cuò)誤，拼寫錯(cuò)誤，大小寫錯(cuò)誤均不得分。）【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)此句時(shí)間狀語“Since2020”可知此處填現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。61.【答案】breakthroughs（形式錯(cuò)誤，拼寫錯(cuò)誤，大小寫錯(cuò)誤均不得分。）【解析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)上文“numerous”可知此處填入復(fù)數(shù)。62.【答案】based（形式錯(cuò)誤，拼寫錯(cuò)誤，大小寫錯(cuò)誤均不得分。）【解析】考查過去分詞。此處basedonitsownplan作狀語。63.【答案】when（形式錯(cuò)誤，拼寫錯(cuò)誤，大小寫錯(cuò)誤均不得分。）【解析】考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。此處when引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾前面的theday。64.【答案】independently（形式錯(cuò)誤，拼寫錯(cuò)誤，大小寫錯(cuò)誤均不得分。）【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處independently修飾下文的designing和manufacturing。65.【答案】tosend（形式錯(cuò)誤，拼寫錯(cuò)誤，大小寫錯(cuò)誤均不得分。）【解析】考查不定式。此處不定式作aim的賓語。六、（廣東省惠州市博羅縣20242025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期11月期中）讀后續(xù)寫Tomwasn’tverygoodatkeepingthingsneatandclean.Therewerealwayssmallpiecesoffoodonthetableafterheate.Hissocksneverwentintothelaundrybasket.Heonlypickeduphistoyswhenhismomsaidshewouldthrowthemaway.Mostdays,hismomcleanedupafterhim.Oneday,hismomaskedTomtopickuphistoytrains.“Notnow,”Tomsaid.Hewasreadingafunnybook.Thetoytrainshadbeenonthefloorallday.“Youknowwhat,Tom?Iwon’taskyouagain.”sheraisedhervoice,“I’mdonecleaningfortoday,andIwillfinishitbeforedinner.”Tom’seyesremainedfixedonthepagesofhisfunnybook,pletelyabsorbedinthepicturesandjokes.Thelaughterbubblingupfromthebookseemedtocreateabarrierbetweenhimandhismom’srisingvoice.Atdinner,Tomsawalotofcrumbs（面包屑）onhisplate.Hismom’splatewasclean.Tomdidn’tlikethecrumbsandfeltawaveofannoyance.Afterdinner,Tom’sfeetwerecold.Hewenttohisroomandlookedinhisdrawer,butitwasempty.“Mom,wherearemysocks?”Tomasked.“Therewerenosocksinthelaundrybasket,soIdidn’twashthem,”hismomsaid.Hearingit,Tomwasnothappy.Nowhisfeetwouldbecoldunlessheworedirtysocksfromthefloor.However,hedecidedtogowithoutsocks.Whenitwasbedtime,Tomwentintohisroomevenwithoutsayinggoodnighttohismom.Unfortunately,hesteppedononeofhistoytrainswithhisbarefeet.“Ouch!”Tomcriedloudly.“Thatreallyhurt!”Tom’scriesechoedthroughthehouse,buthismomdidn’trespondimmediately.Shehadheardthepaininhisvoice,butshealsoknewthatthiswasanimportantmomentforTomtounderstandtheconsequencesofhisactions.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Suddenly,Tomheardaknockonhisdoor.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________