外研版高中英語選擇性必修第四冊UNIT3 Period4課件

Period4

Unit3

TheworldmeetsChina主題語境人與社會——物質(zhì)與非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)課時學(xué)案單元語法講練(Usinglanguage)oaccount＝takeaccountof

把……考慮在內(nèi)onaccountof 因為，由于onnoaccount 決不(置于句首時，句子要用

部分倒裝)accountfor 解釋，說明，(數(shù)量、比例上)占1．giveanaccountof描述[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Shedidverywellonthetestwhenyoutake____accounthowlittleshestudied．②Wehadtoputoffthesportsmeet___accountofthebadweather．③Howdoyouaccount___makingsomanymistakesinyourhomework?④他詳細(xì)描述了在那個災(zāi)難性的夜晚他的財物被偷的經(jīng)過。He_______________________hispossessionsstolenonthefatefulnight．intoonforgaveadetailedaccountof進行總結(jié)時用以引出自己的觀點或理由的表達，常見的有：asawhole

總的來說ingeneral 通常，總的來說tosumup 總之，概括地說inshort 簡言之，總之insummary 總之，概括起來inaword 總之，簡言之inconclusion 總之，最后inbrief 簡言之toconclude 最后，總之2．onthewhole基本上，大體上；總的來說[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①WhenIlookbackonmylife，whatstrikesmeisthatIhavebeen__awholeaveryluckyman，aboveall，luckyinmyfriends．②__short，changesinourlifeinthepasttwentyyearshavebroughtuscomfortandconvenience．③基本上，人們都渴望享受休閑時光的機會。____________，peopleareeagerfortheopportunitytoenjoyleisure．a(chǎn)sInOnthewhole復(fù)習(xí)狀語從句一、時間狀語從句1．when，while和as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句(1)when從句的動作和主句的動作可以同時發(fā)生，也可以先后發(fā)生，從句謂語動詞為延續(xù)性動詞或非延續(xù)性動詞。WhenIlivedthere，IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays．我住在那里時，星期天常到海濱去。(2)while從句的動作與主句的動作同時發(fā)生，從句的謂語動詞為延續(xù)性動詞。Pleasedon'ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking．別人工作時，請別高聲談話。(3)as從句的動作與主句動作交替進行或同時發(fā)生，可翻譯為“隨著；一邊……一邊……”。Hehurriedhome，lookingbehindashewent．他匆忙回家去，一邊走一邊回頭望。Astimewenton，it'sgettingwarmerandwarmer．隨著時間的推移，天越來越暖和了。2．before和since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句(1)before本意為“在……之前”，還可引申為“還未……就……，不到……就……；趁……；還沒來得及……就……”。before引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的常用句型：①Itwas＋時間段＋before從句(一般過去時)過了多久才……②Itwillbe＋時間段＋before從句(一般現(xiàn)在時)要過多久才……Hehadputthebrokenvaseawaybeforehismothercameback．他趁媽媽還沒回來就把打碎的花瓶收拾好了。Itwassometimebeforewerealizedthetruth．過了一段時間我們才意識到真相。ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback．半年之后我才回來。(2)since意為“自從……以來”，主句用完成時。since引導(dǎo)的從句如果用非延續(xù)性動詞，常理解為某一狀態(tài)的終止；若用延續(xù)性動詞或狀態(tài)動詞，則理解為某一動作的開始。since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的常用句型：Itis/hasbeen＋時間段＋since...自從……以來多久了HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIgotsick．自從我病了以后，他經(jīng)常給我寫信。Itisthreeyearssincehecametoourschool．他來我們學(xué)校已經(jīng)三年了。3．till和until引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句在肯定句中主句謂語動詞應(yīng)是延續(xù)性的，而在否定句中主句謂語動詞應(yīng)是非延續(xù)性的；till不可位于句首，而until則可以。Youmaystayheretill/untiltherainstops．你可以待在這里直到雨停。Iwon'tseehimtill/untilhisangerhascooleddown．等他怒氣消了，我再去看他。Untilyoutoldme，Ihadnoideaofit．直到你告訴我，我才知道這件事。[名師點津]

notuntil置于句首時主句要用部分倒裝。Notuntilnineo'clockyesterdayeveningdidwefinishthework．直到昨晚九點，我們才完成這項工作。4．引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的名詞詞組一些表示時間的名詞詞組，如themoment/minute/instant，everytime，eachtime，thefirsttime，thelasttime，thenexttime，bythetime等可以起連詞的作用，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。EverytimeIwasintrouble，hewouldcometohelpme．每次我處于困境，他就會來幫助我。Bythetimewegotthere，therainhadstopped．等我們到達那兒時，雨已經(jīng)停了。5．表示“一……就……”的名詞詞組和連詞themoment/minute/instant等名詞詞組以及assoonas，immediately，directly，nosooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...等連詞都可引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，表示“一……就……”。Theboyburstintotearsimmediatelyhesawhismother．這個男孩一看到他媽媽就放聲大哭。[名師點津]

nosooner...than...，hardly...when...結(jié)構(gòu)中，nosooner與hardly置于句首時，其后的句子用部分倒裝。Nosoonerhadwearrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft．我們一到車站，火車就離站了。[即時訓(xùn)練1]單句語法填空/完成句子①_____theyheardthenews，theywereverysurprised．②___yougrowolder，you'llknowbetterandbetteraboutyourself．③MyonlymistakewasthatIdroppedsomeonthefloor___________Iwaspackingthemup．④___________hehadfinishedhishomework，hetookashortrest．⑤Motheraskedmetomakeawish______Iblewoutallthecandles．⑥Ihaveheardlotsofgoodthingsaboutyou_____Icamebackfromabroad．WhenAswhen/whileWhen/Afterbeforesince⑦Ididn'tbegintolikeourhouseparents

________somethinghappenedonenight．⑧___momentIsawher，Iknewtherewassomethingwrong．⑨我第一次見他時，他給我留下了好印象。Heleftmeagoodimpression_____________________．⑩他一到家就開始抱怨。Hardly______________________hebegantocomplain．until/tillThethefirsttimeImethimhadhecomehomewhen二、地點狀語從句和條件狀語從句1．地點狀語從句where，wherever可引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句。Wemustcampwherewecangetwater．我們必須在能找到水的地方露營。2．條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞有：if，unless，as/solongas，supposing(that)(倘若；如果)，provided/providing(that)(倘若；如果)，onconditionthat(條件是)，incase(萬一)等。You'llfailtheexamunlessyoustudyhard．除非你努力學(xué)習(xí)，否則你會考試不及格。Wecanovercomethedifficultiesaslongasweareorganized．只要我們組織起來，我們就能克服困難。Youcanusethisroomsupposingthatyoukeepitcleanandtidy．如果你能保持房間干凈整潔，你就可以用這間房子。[即時訓(xùn)練2]單句語法填空/完成句子①Ifyouhappentogetlostinthewild，you'dbetterstay_____youareandwaitforhelp．②__wedon'tstopclimatechange，manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone．③Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents'opinion______hewantstheirsupport．whereIfunless④_________________(provide)thathedoesn'tcome，whatshallwedo?⑤只要一個人給別人的生活帶來價值，那么他的生命就有價值。One'slifehasvalue_______________________________________．⑥萬一你需要幫助的話，這是我的電話號碼。______________________，hereismytelephonenumber．Provided/ProvidingaslongasonebringsvaluetothelifeofothersIncaseyouneedmyhelp三、原因狀語從句1．because/as/since/now(that)引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句because語氣最強，表示直接的理由。可用來回答why引導(dǎo)的問句，可用于強調(diào)句型從句常放在主句后as語氣較弱，較口語化，表示較明顯的原因或已知的事實從句常放在主句前IwaslateforschoolbecauseImissedthefirstbus．我上學(xué)遲到是因為我錯過了頭班車。Ashewasinahurry，helefthisbaghome．由于他太匆忙才把包丟在了家里。since/now(that)語氣較弱，所表示的原因為人們已知的事實。常譯為“既然”?？苫Q，但now(that)可用來說明一種新情況，然后加以推理Since/Nowthattherainhasstopped，let'sgohomeatonce．既然雨已停了，我們馬上回家吧。[名師點津]

for“因為”后跟句子時，不是從屬連詞而是并列連詞，是用來說明、補充解釋或表示一種推理，所以for跟從句時不能置于句首。Thedaybreaks，forthebirdsaresinging．天亮了，因為鳥兒都在叫了。2．seeing(that)(鑒于，由于)，considering(that)(考慮到)，inthat(因為)引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句Thebookisdifferentfromthatbookinthatthisoneisaboutchemistryandthatoneabouthistory．這本書不同于那本，因為這本是關(guān)于化學(xué)的，而那本是關(guān)于歷史的。Theyhavemaderemarkableprogress，consideringthat

theyonlystartedlastweek．考慮到他們是上周才開始的，他們已經(jīng)取得了相當(dāng)大的進步。[即時訓(xùn)練3]單句語法填空/完成句子①Itwas_______hewaslateforclassthathewasscoldedbytheteacher．②Shewasfortunatein______shehadmanyfriendstohelpher．③因為我的英語口語很流利，我認(rèn)為我適合這項工作。_______________________________，IthinkIamverysuitableforthisjob．④既然你有機會，就該充分利用。________________________________，youmightaswellmakefulluseofit．becausethatBecausemyspokenEnglishisfluentSince/Now(that)you'vegotachance四、目的狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句1．目的狀語從句引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的常用從屬連詞有so(that)，inorderthat，forfear(that)，incase等。Myfatherbegantostudycomputerknowledgeattheageofsixtysothat/inorderthathemightkeepupwithtimes．我的父親六十歲時開始學(xué)習(xí)電腦知識，以便跟上時代。Sometimeswearenotsatisfiedwithwhatourfrienddoes，butwewillnotpointitoutforfearthatwemightlosethatfriend．有時我們對朋友的所作所為并不滿意，但我們不會指出來，唯恐失去那個朋友。2．結(jié)果狀語從句引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的常用從屬連詞有so...that...，such...that...等。在非正式語體中，其中的that可以省略。(1)這類從句的具體結(jié)構(gòu)：

Mikeissuchanhonestworkerthat(＝sohonestaworkerthat)weallbelieveinhim．邁克是一個很誠實的工人，我們都信任他。Itissuchgoodweatherthatweallwanttogotothepark．天氣非常好，我們都想去公園。Theseweresuchdifficultquestionsthatnoneofuscouldanswerthem．這些問題很難，我們沒人能回答。Heearnedsolittlemoneythathecouldn'tsupporthisfamily．他掙這么少的錢養(yǎng)不起家。(2)為了強調(diào)形容詞和副詞，當(dāng)so或such置于句首時，主句要用倒裝語序。Socleverastudentwashethathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultquestions．他是一個非常聰明的學(xué)生，能夠解出所有的難題。[名師點津]除引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句外，so(that)也可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，并常有逗號和主句隔開。引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中常有can，could，might，may等情態(tài)動詞。試比較：Heturneduptheradio，sothateveryoneheardthesong．他把收音機的音量調(diào)高了，結(jié)果每個人都聽到了那首歌。(結(jié)果狀語從句)Heturneduptheradiosothateveryonecouldhearthesong．他把收音機的音量調(diào)高，目的是每個人都能聽見那首歌。(目的狀語從句)[即時訓(xùn)練4]單句語法填空/完成句子①Itwas____ahotdaythattheywantedtogoswimming．②Thewindwas__strongthathecouldhardlymoveforward．③Hehasmade____greatprogressthattheteachersarepleasedwithhim．④他傷得很重，不得不被送往醫(yī)院。Sobadly________________hehadtobesenttothehospital．suchsosuchwasheinjuredthat⑤我們的老師講得很慢，以便我們都能聽懂。Ourteacherspokeslowly____________________________________________．⑥我們很早就朝車站出發(fā)了，唯恐錯過火車。Wesetoffforthestationearly_______________________________．sothat/inorderthatallofuscouldunderstandhimforfearthatwewouldmissthetrain五、讓步狀語從句1．引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞有：although，though，while(盡管，雖然)，evenif/though，whether...or...，疑問詞＋-ever與nomatter＋疑問詞等。Although/Though/Whilehemaybetroubled，healwayspresentsacalmsmilingface．盡管他可能會遇到麻煩，但他總是露出平靜的微笑。Evenifitshouldraintomorrow，wewillcontinueourwork．即使明天下雨，我們也要繼續(xù)工作。We'llgoonwiththework，whetherwecanfindthenecessarytoolsornot．不管我們能否找到所需的工具，我們都要把這項工作做下去。Whatever/Nomatterwhatyouwanttodo，pleaselookbeforeyouleap．不管你想做什么事，請三思而后行。2．a(chǎn)s引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句需采用部分倒裝，有時though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句也采用部分倒裝。Tryashemight，hecouldn'tsolvetheproblem．盡管他嘗試了，但還是無法解決這個問題。Childasheis，heknowsalotofthehistoryofChina．雖然他只是個孩子，但他懂得許多中國歷史方面的知識。(注意child前不用冠詞)Youngthoughheis，heknowshowtodealwithsuchathing．他雖然年輕，但懂得如何處理這件事。[即時訓(xùn)練5]單句語法填空/完成句子①_____________________I'vetriedhard，noneofmybookshavebeenpublished．②Hard__________shetries，shecanhardlyavoidmakingmistakesinherhomework．③無論遇到什么樣的困難，他都要繼續(xù)推行他的計劃。___________________________________________，hewillcarryonhisplan．Although/Though/Whileas/thoughWhatever/Nomatterwhatdifficultieshemeetswith④即使我們會遇到困難，為實現(xiàn)夢想而吃苦也是值得的。Itisworthwhiletosufferforourdreams，____________________________________________．⑤清潔工不得不整天在街上工作，無論是陽光暴曬還是天降大雪。Cleanershavetoworkalldayonthestreet__________________________________________________．evenif/thoughwemayencounterdifficultieswhetherthesunshinesstronglyoritsnowsheavily六、比較狀語從句和方式狀語從句1．比較狀語從句由as...as，notas/so...as，than引導(dǎo)。Sheisasgoodanactressassheisasinger．她當(dāng)演員和當(dāng)歌手一樣出色。Nobodyunderstandthesituationbetterthanyou(do)．誰也不如你了解情況。2．方式狀語從句通常由as，asif，asthough引導(dǎo)。TheydidasIhadasked．他們是按我的要求做的。Hebehavedasif/asthoughnothinghadhappened．他表現(xiàn)得若無其事。[即時訓(xùn)練6]完成句子①她不如她姐姐外向。Sheis____________________hersister．②你應(yīng)該按照老師告訴你的去做。Youshoulddo_________________________．notso/asoutgoingasastheteachertellsyoutodo用適當(dāng)?shù)膹膶龠B詞填空1．_____Iwasalittlegirl，myfamilymovedtoatinytownatthebottomofabigmountain．Onedayafterschool，2．_____Iwasexploringthegreenwoodsofthismagnificentmountain，Ialmostfellonasetofstairs．Whatcouldthesestepsleadto?Curiositygotthebestofme3．_____________Iknewitwouldbestartingtogetdarksoon．Istartedclimbingupthosestrangelymysterioussteps．Whenwhileevenif/thoughIclimbedandclimbed，4．_______________therewasnothingbutjustgreenbushesandthesesteps．Ihadtoreachthetop!However，itwasnowgettingreallydark．Mymumwouldbeworriedsick5．__Ididn'tcomehomesoon．Tiredandscared6．__________Iwas，Iranbackhomealmostinthedark．a(chǎn)lthough/thoughifas/thoughIwassoanxious7．____IwenttobeddreamingaboutwhatIwouldfindatthetopofthismagicalmountain．Couldtherebeacastleupthere?MaybeIwouldfindamonster8．_____therearegreenwoods．MaybeIwastakingtheriskofnevercomingbackhome．Or，maybeallIwouldfindwasabsolutelynothing!However，9．________Iwouldencounter，Iwasgoingtoclimbthatmountainatallcost．Anditwasnotalongtime10．______Itriedthisadventureagain．thatwherewhateverbefore①befamiliarto為……所熟悉befamiliarwithsth．通曉……，熟悉……②Sinologistn．漢學(xué)家-ist后綴是名詞性后綴，主要用于表示信仰者、專家、從事某種活動的人或具有某種特征或性質(zhì)的物品。如dentist指的是牙醫(yī)，artist指的是藝術(shù)家。課下預(yù)習(xí)第二篇課文(Developingideas)③translatorn．翻譯，譯員translatev．翻譯translationn．翻譯④fallinlovewith愛上fallintoruin(因無人照料而)衰落，敗落⑤beamazedby對……感到驚訝beamazedtosee/find/learn/discover驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)……⑥tunen．曲調(diào)，旋律themetune主題曲⑦inspirev．激勵，鼓舞；賦予靈感inspirationn．靈感inspiringadj．鼓舞人心的；激勵的；啟發(fā)靈感的⑧academicmajor學(xué)術(shù)專業(yè)majorv．主修

n．專業(yè)；主修生

adj．主要的；重要的⑨prioradj．先前的；較早的priorto在……之前，先于……priorityn．優(yōu)先事項；最重要的事；首要事情atoppriority當(dāng)務(wù)之急⑩beexposedto接觸；暴露于；面臨?encountern．相遇，邂逅achanceencounter偶然相遇encountersb．/sth．偶然碰到或意外地遇見某人或某物?geniusn．天才，天賦?haveaprofoundeffecton...對……有深遠的影響profoundadj．

巨大的；深切的；深遠的；知識淵博的；理解深刻的；深邃的?passionn．熱情；激情passionateadj．

熱誠的；狂熱的passionatelyadv．

熱誠地；狂熱地?stimulatingadj．激勵人心的；

趣味盎然的stimulatev．促進；激發(fā)；激勵?particularlyadv．尤其，特別particularadj．不尋常的；格外的；特別的inparticular尤其；特別beparticularaboutsth．對……挑剔?bedeterminedtodo...決心做……?o...把……翻譯成……?respectedadj．受人尊敬的respectn．&v．尊敬respectableadj．可敬的?inaddition除……以外(還)?gowith伴隨；與……相伴而生?keepacloseeyeon密切關(guān)注?best-seller暢銷品；暢銷書?publishv．出版publishern．出版人(或機構(gòu))publishingn．出版(業(yè))，發(fā)行(業(yè))?onthewhole從整體上說?limitedadj．有限的?significancen．意義，重要性significantadj．重要的?behighlythoughtof被高度贊揚?reflectv．反映?becloselyconnected聯(lián)系密切?have...incommon有相同之處?strikeachord引起共鳴；打動心弦READINGCHINATheworldofChineseliteratureisonethatisfamiliarto①usall．ButhaveyoueverstoppedtowonderwhatworksarereadoutsideofChinaandhowtheyarereceived?Today，fourSinologists②andtranslators③sharetheirexperienceofChineseliteraturewithus．Theyare：Petko，aged43fromBulgariaAnnelous，aged34fromtheNetherlandsJoachim，aged25fromFranceMai，aged28fromEgyptQ1：HowdidyougetinterestedinChineseliterature?Petko：[1]ItallstartedwithamovieIwatchedwhenIwasaboy—The

Shaolin

Temple．Thatmoviegavemesomanyreasonstofallinlovewith④China．Iwasamazedby⑤Chinesekungfu，ofcourse—everyoneloveskungfu，don'tthey?IalsothoughttheChineselanguagesoundedsobeautiful，andIfoundthatIlikedChinesemusic，too—Ijustlovedthemovie'sthemetune⑥，

Song

of

the

Shepherd．[1]本句為復(fù)合句，Iwatched為省略了that或which的定語從句，修飾先行詞amovie；whenIwasaboy為時間狀語從句。Annelous：Ibecameinterestedinlanguagesatayoungage．WhenIstartedhighschool，IbeganreadingbooksaboutChinesehistoryandculture，andthisinspired⑦metochooseChineseStudiesasmyacademicmajor⑧atuniversity．Joachim：WhenIwas15yearsold，mymotherboughtmeacopyoftheclassicShi

Ji，orRecords

of

the

Grand

Historian．Prior⑨t(yī)othat，theonlygreathistoricalworksIhadbeenexposedto⑩wereHomer'sepicpoems．Records

of

the

Grand

Historianwasmyfirstencounter?withChineseclassicalliterature．Afterreadingit，Irealisedthetruegenius?ofChina's“GrandHistorian”，

SimaQian．Hiswritinghadaprofoundeffecton?me，andIhavethistothankformypassion?

forChineseliterature．Mai：IgraduallyfellinlovewithChineseliteraturewhenIstartedworkingasatranslator．MostofthetranslatedworksofliteratureinEgyptarefromtheEnglish-speakingworld，soreadingChineseliteraturewasastimulating?andinspiringexperience．Q2：Howdoyouselectworkstotranslate?Petko：Iparticularly?likeclassicalChineseliterature，especiallyworksfromtheMingandQingdynasties．[2]IfellinlovewithDream

of

the

Red

ChamberthefirsttimeIreadit，andwasdeterminedto?translateitinto?Bulgarian．[3]Nowthatthisdreamhascometrue，mynextgoalistotranslateThe

Romance

of

the

Three

Kingdoms．[2]本句為復(fù)合句，thefirsttime引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意為“第一次……”。[3]本句為復(fù)合句，nowthat引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，意為“由于，因為，既然”。Annelous：[4]IntheNetherlands，thedecisionastowhichworksofChineseliteraturegettranslatedislargelyinfluencedbytheopinionsofrespected?Sinologists．

Inaddition?，publishinghousestendtolooktoothercountriestoseewhichChineseworkshavesoldwellthere．I'vesofartranslatedthewritingsofseveralyoungChineseauthors，andI'mlookingforwardtotheirnewworks．[4]本句為復(fù)合句，whichworksofChineseliteraturegettranslated為which引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，作asto的賓語。Joachim：Ijustgowith?whatIlikeandwhatIaminterestedin．I'vetranslatedsomepoemsbyDaiWangshu．Rightnow，I'mdoingresearchintopopularliteratureinShanghaiatthestartofthe20thcentury．Mai:Idon'tcareifawriterispopularornot．Whatinterestsmemostistheworkitself．I'vetranslatedsomeworksbyauthorssuchasXiMurongandBiShumin．Ialsokeepacloseeyeon?what'sbeingself-publishedonlinebynew，youngauthors—theyhavesomegoodideas．Q3：WhichworksbyChinesewritersarepopularinyourcountry？Petko:Thirty-six

Stratagemshassoldmorethan1，000copiesinBulgaria．[5]Whenyouconsiderthatherethebestawritercanusuallyhopeforistosellafewhundredcopiesoftheirwork，Thirty-six

Stratagemsisabest-seller?inBulgaria![5]本句為復(fù)合句，when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；that引導(dǎo)賓語從句；awritercanusuallyhopefor為省略了that的定語從句，修飾先行詞thebest；tosellafewhundredcopiesoftheirwork為動詞不定式短語作表語。Annelous：[6]EachyearseesmoreworksbyChinesewriterspublished?intheNetherlands，andtheyarewell-received．ThepeoplethatbuyandreadthesebooksdosobecausetheywanttolearnmoreaboutChinesecultureandeverydaylifeinChina．Onthewhole?，Idohavetoadmitthathere，people'sknowledgeofChineselitera