北京市房山區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末英語試題

房山區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期學(xué)業(yè)水平調(diào)研（二）高二英語本試卷共10頁，滿分100分，考試時長90分鐘。考生務(wù)必將答案填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Leapingonanarrowbalancebeam(平衡木)isnoteasy.ButLolaWaltera13-year-oldgymnast,isanexpertatit.Toperfectherskills,Lola___1___forfourhoursaday,fivedaysaweek.AtthestatechampionshipsinMarch,shefinishedseventhout.of-16-girls.That’sespeciallyimpressive,sincesheislegallyblind,bornwitharareconditionthatcauseshereyestoshiftconstantly.Sheoftenseesdoubleandcan’ttellhowfarawaythingsare.Whenshewaslittle,hermom___2___thateventhoughshecouldn’tseewell,shewasfearless.Sohermomsignedherupforgymnasticswhenshewasthree.Shelovedthesportrightaway.Thoughlearninggymnasticshasbeenmore___3___forherthanforsomeofherteammates,shehasneverquit.Shedoesn’tlether___4___stopherfromdoinganythingthatshewantsto.Herbiggest___5___isthebalancebeam.Becauseshehasdoublevision,sheoftenseestwobeams.Shemustusehersenseoftouchtohelpherduringherroutine.“Youhaveto___6___yourmindthatit’lltakeyouwhereyouwanttogo;”saysLola.Thebeamisprobablythemostfearfulforanyonebecauseit’sfourincheswide.Atthestatecompetition,shegotan8.1outof10.Lolaneverthinksabout___7___.Sheispresentlyatlevel7whilethehighestislevel10ingymnastics.Her___8___istoreachlevel9.Shesaysshewantstobeagymnasticscoachtopassdownwhatshe’slearnedtootherkidswhenshegrowsup.Lolais___9___ofallherhardworkandsuccess.Shesaysit’shelpedherovercomeproblemsinherlifeoutsidegymnastics,too.Her_____10_____forothersis“justbelieveourself”.1.A.runs B.trains C.teaches D.dances2.A.imagined B.suspected C.noticed D.remembered3.A.boring B.difficult C.enjoyable D.satisfactory4.A.talent B.nature C.condition D.quality5A.doubt B.advantage C.program D.challenge6.A.trust B.open C.express D.examine7.A.showingup B.givingoff C.showingoff D.givingup8.A.goal B.range C.view D.standard9.A.tired B.proud C.ashamed D.confident10.A.plan B.reward C.advice D.responsibility第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。EteneshDirohadalmostcompletedtwothirdsofthe3000msteeplechase,whendisasterstruck.Shegottangledupwithsomeothercompetitors.Itmadeherfall.Herrightshoestartedtocomeoff.But____11____(try)topulltheshoebackoncostherprecioustime.Soshe____12____(throw)theshoeaway.Sherantherestoftherace____13____justoneshoeon.Itraisedabigcheerforher.Luckily,she____14____(give)achancetocompeteinthefinallater.Losingashoedidn’tkeepherfromtakingpart.Thisisthetruespiritofsport.B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。Ecotourismisatypeoftourism____15____conservestheenvironment.It____16____(encourage)peopletoberesponsibletravellersandinvolveseducatingthemaboutthenaturalworld.For____17____(country)suchasCostaRica,KenyaandNepal,ecotourismisanimportantpartoftheeconomy.Someecotourismholidaysinvolvevoluntarywork,suchasplantingtreesorcountingendangeredanimals.C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。Thefirstlandmarktocatch,myeyeisthesplendidQingshuiheBridge,theworld’slongestbridge____18____(build)overpermafrost.Look!AgroupofTibetanantelopesismovingunderthebridge,withsomestoppingtoeatgrassattheirleisure.Thirty-threepassageshavebeenconstructedundertherailwaytoallowtheanimals____19____(move)safelyandfreelyintheirnaturalhabitat.WildanimalssuchastheseTibetanantelopeshavenowbeenusingthesepassagesforyears.Theyseem____20____(total)unawarethatwearespeedingpastatover100kilometresanhour.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AAgooddoormatisamustallyearround.Ourbeautifullyhandmadedoormatsaremadefromtraditionalmaterials.Theyarehard-wearingandlong-lasting,protectyourfloorsfrombeingtrackedindirtanddust,andcleanshoesbrilliantly.Ourbeautifulmatsdecoratethedoorstepsofmanymuseums.Theyaremadeofhighqualitynaturalmaterialsandfitinperfectlywiththeirsurroundings,inawiderangeofthicknessestomakeamattoyourexactneeds.OurdoormatsarehandmadeinourUKworkshoptoensuretheirmaximumuse.Ourpersonalizeddoormatsmakebrillianthousewarmingorweddinggifts,andareperfectforwelcomingvisitorstoyourhomewithauniquemessage.Wearealsoabletoproducecomplexdesignlogosforbusinesses.Yourchosendesigniscutoutofthenaturalmaterialsandeachpartofthedesignisreplacedwithcoloredmaterial,sothedesigngoesallthewaytothebottomofthemat.Thisisamuchmorecomplexprocessthansimpleprinting,butmatsmadebythismethodlastmuchlonger.Withover30yearsofexperienceintheproductionofhandmadedoormats,ourworkshopisanexpertinitsfield.Ourworkersareskilledincreatinghandmademats,usingtechniquesthathavebeenhandeddownthroughthegenerations.Pleasecalltodiscussyourrequirementssothatwecanadviseonthemostappropriatesolutionforyourhome.Wearehappytogiveadvicewithnocharge.Nowwehaveaspecialofferforaweek,duringwhichyoucanenjoyahalfdiscountandafreedelivery.Calluson02088195869.21.Whatcanweknowaboutthedoormats?A.Theycanbeusedforalongtime. B.Theyaremadeofthelatestmaterials.C.TheyaremadebymachinesintheUK. D.Theycancleanupthedirtanddustthemselves.22.Accordingtothepassage,apersonalizeddoormat.A.isdesignedinamuseum B.canheatthehouseCishandeddowntothechildren D.canbeagreatweddingpresent23.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelguide. B.Abookreview.C.Afashionmagazine. D.Asciencereport.BAsachild,WangJunyanneverdreamedofbecomingafamouspersononTV.NowsheisthepresenterforUniverseTV’snewsprogrammes.Iaskedherhowshehadachievedsuccess,andshetoldmeherstory.“Itwasmymotherwhotaughtmetobecurious:Shehadagreatloveofeverythingintheuniverseandshetaughtmetobeinterestedinmankindandnature,”Junyantoldme.“Wewouldlookinoldneststofindbirds’feathersandwewouldeventurnoverstonestolookatthelittlecreaturesthere.Iloveddoingthat,”rememberedJunyan.Shesaid,“Mymotherwasastrongcharacter.Althoughtherewerelotsofdifficultiestoovercome,sheneverletherproblemsdefeather.SheworkedextremelyhardtosupportmethroughschoolandduringmytimeatFudanUniversity.Herattitudetowardslifewillneverstopinfluencingmythoughtsandactions.”Aftergraduatingfromuniversity,shebecameareporterforalocalnewspaper.Shesaidshechosetobeajournalistbecauseitisimportantthatpeoplegraspwhatisgoingonaroundthem.Iaskedheriftherewasanyspecialmomentthatmadeherrealisethisandsherepliedthatitwasaftershewasaskedtoinspectanillegalbusiness.Herreporthelpedthepeoplewhohadbeenaffectedanditalsohelpedthegovernmentinspectthecompanyandcatchtheguiltypeople.“ThatiswhenIrealisedtheimportanceofbeingajournalist,”saidJunyan.“Writingthatreportwasn’teasy,butIrealisedthatpeopleneededtoknowandsoIdidn’tgiveup,”Junyantoldme.IaskedJunyanwhatshelikedmostaboutherjobandshesaidthatalthoughtherewasn’tmuchgloryinareporter’sexistence,shefounditinterestingandchallenging.“Imeetalotofpeopleandgotomanydifferentplaces.I’mneverboredwiththisjob!”Sheaddedthatasareportersheneededmanydifferentskillsandwasconstantlychallengedtolearnnewthings.Finally,Iaskedherifaftermanyyearsshestillfeltcurious.Smilingbrightly,shetoldme,“NothingthatIlearnedfrommymotherhaseverleftme.TodaywhenI’mlookingforstories,IstillfeellikeI’mturningoverstonestoseewhatmightbehidingbeneath!”24.HowdidJunyan’smotherinfluenceher?A.Junyan’smotherworkedpart-timetosupporther.B.Junyan’s-mothertaughthernowtowriteagoodreport.C.Junyan’smotheraccompaniedhertostudyatuniversity.D.Junyan’smotherhelpedhertodevelopaninterestinhumansandnature.25.WhydidJunyanchoosetobeajournalist?A.TobecomeafamouspersononTV.B.Tolearnmanydifferentskillsandnewthings.C.Tomeetmorepeopleandgotomanydifferentplaces.D.Tomakepeopleawareofwhatisgoingonaroundthem.26.WhatdidJunyanthinkofinspectingtheillegalbusiness?A.Scarybutexciting. B.Difficultbutmeaningful.C.Simplebutinnovative. D.Dangerousbutwell-paid.27.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A.Curiositycanmakeadifferenceinaperson’slife. B.Acceptingwhatyouhavemakesyouhappy.C.Upsanddownscanmakeonestrong. D.Chancefavorsthepreparedmind.CHumanshavenames,ofcourse,anddogsandcatsmayreactwhentheirnamesarecalled.Someoceananimals,includingthedolphin,inventtheirownnameswhentheyareveryyoung.Andthebirdscalledparrotsmayalsousenames.Eachofthesenaminganimalsalsohavetheabilitytolearnandsayindividualnewsoundsthroughouttheirlives,asdoestheAfricanelephant,theresearchshows.Africanelephantsareamongthelargestanimalsthatliveonland.Theycalleachotherbyandanswertoindividualnamesanewstudyfinds.Suchcommunicationisrareintheanimalworld.Thenamesareonepartofthelowsounds,orrumbles,elephantsmake.Theycanhearthesesoundsoverlongdistanceswheretheyliveinthesavannah—largegrassyareasoflandmixedwithwoodlands.Scientistsbelievethatanimalswithcomplexsocialstructuresmaybemorelikelytouseindividualnames.StuartPimmofDukeUniversityisanecologistwhowasnotinvolvedwiththestudy.Hesaid:“Ifyou’relookingafteralargefamily,you’vegottobeabletosay,Hey,Virginia,getoverhere!”ThestudywasreleasedinthepublicationNatureEcologyandEvolution.Inthestudy,biologistsusedmachinelearningtofindtheuseofnamesinrecordingsofsavannaelephantsounds.ThesoundswererecordedatKenya’sSamburuNationalReserveandAmboseliNationalPark.Theresearchersfollowedtheelephantsastheytraveledtoobservewhichonecalledoutandwhichoneappearedtoanswer.Byexaminingonlytheaudiodata,thecomputermodelpredictedwhichelephantwasbeingcalled28percentofthetime,likelyduetotheinclusionofitsname.Whenfedmeaninglessdata,themodelonlycorrectlypredictedeightpercentofcalls.Researcherstestedtheirresultsbyplayingrecordingstoindividualelephants.Theelephantsreactedmoreenergetically,movingtheirearsandliftingtheirtrunks,torecordingsthatcontainedtheirnames.Sometimeselephantsdidnotreactinanywaytothesoundsofelephantnamesotherthantheirown.EcologistGeorgeWittemyer,whohelpedwritethestudy,said“Elephantsareincrediblysocial,alwaystalkingandtouchingeachother—thisnamingisprobablyoneofthethingsthatunderpinstheirabilitytocommunicatetoindividuals.”28.Theauthormentionsmanyan?malsinParagraph1to______.A.questiontheresult B.introducethetopicC.illustrateanargument D.presentanassumption29.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat______.A.communicationbetweenanimalsisrareintheanimalworldB.Africanelephantscan’thearlowsoundsoverlongdistancesC.AfricanelephantsuseindividualnameswhencommunicatingD.animalswithsimplesocialstructurestendtouseindividualnames30.Whatdidtheresearchersdointhestudy?A.Theyusedthecomputermodeltoanalyzetheaudiodata.B.Theyfollowedtheelephantstorecordtheirdailyroutine.CTheyusedmachinelearningtocommunicatewithelephants.D.Theytestedtheresultsbyplayingrecordingstoagroupofelephants.DWhenitwasannouncedin2018thattheChineseAcademyofSciencesinShanghaihadcreatedtheworld’sfirstclonedmonkeys,ZhongzhongandHuahua,heateddiscussionsfollowedonline.Infact,cloninghasalwaysbeenwithus.Itisawayofmakinganexactcopyofanotheranimalorplant.Ithappensinplantswhengardenerstakecuttingsfromgrowingplantstomakenewones.Italsohappensinanimalswhenidenticaltwinsareproducedfromthesameegg.Thesearebothexamplesofnaturalclones.Cloninghastwomajoruses.First,gardenersuseittoproducelargequantitiesofplantsforsale.Second,itisvaluableforresearchonnewplantspeciesandformedicalresearchonanimals.Cloningplantsisfairlystraightforward,whilecloninganimalsismuchmorecomplicatedanddifficult.Overtheyears,manyscientistsfailedintheirattemptstocloneanimals,buttheirdeterminationandpatiencepaidoffin1996withabreakthrough—thecloningofDollythesheep.Withtheadvancesofscientificresearch,cloningwillhaveseveralmajoruses,inthefuture.Foronething,itcouldbeusedtobreedanimalspecieswhichareendangered,orevenbringbackspecieswhicharenowextinct.Foranother,itcouldbeusedtogrowhumanorgansortissueinanimals,whichcouldbeusedforhumanorgantransplantsormedicaltreatments.Finally,cloningcouldbeusedtobreedanimalsthatwillprovideuswithhigherqualitymeat,milk,oreggs.Whiletherearetechnicalissuesthatneedtobeworkedthroughtomakewidespreadcloningpossible,thebiggestconcernsaremoral.Forexample,ifscientistsbroughtanextinctanimalbackintoexistence,itwouldprobablyendupfivinginazoo.Thatisnotverygoodfortheanimal.Evenworsefortheanimalisusingitasasourceoforgantransplants—becauseitwillbeinjuredorevendie.Inaddition,manypeopleworrythateatinganimalproductsthatresultfromcloningmightbeharmfultoourhealthovertime.Thepossibilityofusingcloningtoproducehumanbeingsisanevenbiggerconcern.Whatwouldhappenifsuchknowledgeendedupinthewronghands?Whenitcomestocloning,wewonder,ultimately,whethercloningwillhelporharmtheworld.Nodoubt,wewillbetalkingaboutthisquestionforalongtimetocome.31.Whatcanwelearnaboutcloning?A.Clonedanimalsfirstappearedin2018.B.Clonedplantsaremainlyusedformedicalresearch.C.Cloningtechnologycanbeusedinthestudyofnewplantspecies.D.Cloningplantsismorecomplicatedanddifficultthancloninganimals.32.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?A.Futureusesofcloning.B.Scientificresearchesofcloning.C.Theproductsprovidedbycloning.D.Themedicaltreatmentsbroughtaboutbycloning,33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“moral”inParagraph4referto?A.Physicalhealth. B.Technicaldevelopment.C.Principleandbelief. D.Knowledgeandexperience.34.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardscloning?A.Supportive. B.Objective. C.Disapproving. D.Unconcerned.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whetheryouwereoncemuchmorephysicallyactiveorhaveneverbeenaregularexerciser,nowisagreattimetostart.Keepingfitisimportantforeveryone.Thereareendlessformsofexercise.____35____Thedivisionisbasedonwhateachcallsuponyourbodytodo,andhowthemovementbenefitsyou.____36____Althoughmostaerobicexercisesrequireyoutomoveyourwholebody,themainfocusisonyourheartandlungs.Activitieslikewalking,sw?mm?ng,dancingandcycling,ifdoneatsufficientintensity,getyoutobreathefasterandyourhearttoworkbranderAerobicexercises-burnfatandlowerbloodsugar.Strengthtrainingshouldbeperformedtwoorthreetimesaweek.Somesuitableexercisesincludesquats,push-upsandexercisesperformedonresistancemachinesorusingweightsorbands.____37____Stretchingexerciseskeepyourmusclesandtendonsflexible,preserveyourposture,andimprovemobility.Stretchingcanbedoneeveryday.Balanceexercisescallonvarioussystemstohelpyoustayuprightandoriented,suchasvision,muscles,andjoints.____38____Somepeoplemaywonderhowmuchexerciseisappropriate.____39____Forexample,yourcurrentfitnesslevel,yourstrength,flexibilityandbalance,andyourfitnessgoals.A.Expertsdividephysicalactivityintofourbroadtypes.B.Aerobicexerciseismarkedbyanincreasedheartrate.C.Regularaerobicexercisecanhelpkeepyourmindsharp.D.Manypeoplethinkthattaichiandyogaaregreatchoices.E.Theycanhelpkeepyourbonesstrongandbuildyourmusclemassandstrength.F.Infact,theamountofexerciseyoushouldbegettingdependsonseveralfactors.G.Asmorepeopleengageinsports,thereisagrowingdemandforfacilitiesandservices.第三部分書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。JesseBrookswasastraight-Astudent—aresultofcountlesshoursspentstudyingduringcollege.Shegraduatedatthetopofherclassandbelievedshewouldhavenoproblemgettingajob.However,havinghadteninterviewsandnojoboffers,shewasstartingtowonderwhatwaswrong.“AtfirstIwasconfused.I’mintelligentanddiligent,butwhycouldn’tIgetajob?”Despitehaving“academic”intelligence,Jessewasmissingtheintelligencethatmanyemployersarenowlookingfor—emotionalintelligence.Emotionalintelligenceistheabilitytounderstandyourownemotionsandtheemotionsofpeoplearoundyou.Itcanhaveasurprisinglypowerfuleffectonyourlife.MoreandmorecompaniesuseEIassessmentteststorecruitnewstaff.TheyhavecometoknowthatpeoplewithhighEIformbetterrelationshipswiththeircolleaguesandcanmanagethemselvesbetter.Thisbenefitsthecompany,intheformofhigherproductivityandprofit.Jessethinksthatshespentsomuchofhercollegelifestudyingalonethathersocialskillsdidno