譯林八年級(jí)下冊課件 8B-unit1-Grammar

Presentperfecttense

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

Haveyoueverneededyourfriend'shelp?Haveyouevertriedtostudyhard?warmup1.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.1)IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.2)HehaslivedheresincehecametoNanjing.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)定義(從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作).2.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutanactionthathappenedinthepastandhasaconnectionwiththepresent.1)Eddie

has

justeaten

Hobo’sfood.(Eddieatethefood,andnowHobohasnothingtoeat.)2)Ihavelostmymobilephone.(Ilostmymobilephone,andnowIhavenomobilephonetouse.)(發(fā)生在過去并和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系的動(dòng)作)3.Wealsousethepresentperfecttensetotalkabouthowmanytimesanactionhashappenedtillnow.(到現(xiàn)在為止動(dòng)作發(fā)生了多少次)Ihavealreadyreadthisbookmanytimes.1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句

主語+have/has+done+…e.g.Ihave

finishedmyhomework.Hehaswrittensixpoems.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句hasn’t=hasnothaven’t=havenot主語+have/has+not+done+…e.g.Ihavenotseenthemovieyet.Hehasn’tcomehereyet.3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問句

Have/Has+主語+done+……?Yes,主語+have/has.No,主語+have/hasnot.

e.g.1)Ihavefinishedthework.(改成一般疑問句并回答)4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+have/has+主語+done+……？e.g.IhavelivedheresinceIcamehere.（劃線提問）__________________you______here?Howlonghavelived______she________here?Yes,she_____./No,she_______.______you_______thework?HavefinishedYes,I______./No,I_______.

havehaven’t2)Shehasarrivedhere.(改成一般疑問句并回答)

Has

arrivedhas

hasn’t規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞的構(gòu)成大多數(shù)的動(dòng)詞的過去分詞是規(guī)則的，只需在動(dòng)詞后加-ed；

work→workedlisten→listenedjump→jumped2.在以-e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后只加-d；

close→closedlike→likedagree→agreed3.在以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)將y改為i再加ed；

study→studiedcarry→carriedtry→triedworry→worried4.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要雙寫末尾的輔音字母再加-ed；

stop→stoppeddrop→dropped

動(dòng)詞的過去分詞不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞的構(gòu)成有些動(dòng)詞的原形和過去分詞相同；

put→puthurt→hurtbecome→becomerun→run2.改變單詞中間元音字母；

sit→satwin→wonhold→held3.把單詞結(jié)尾的字母d改為t；

lend→lentspend→spentsend→sent4.以eep結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把eep改為ept；

keep→keptsleep→slept5.過去分詞以aught或ought結(jié)尾；

teach→taughtcatch→caughtbuy→bought6.以ay結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,把a(bǔ)y變成aid;7.在原形詞尾加n或en；還有些動(dòng)詞的過去分詞是不規(guī)則的，需要特殊記憶。say→saidpay→paidgive→giveneat→eaten現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用的標(biāo)志詞1.already與yetalready“已經(jīng)”(用于肯定句中，常放于行為動(dòng)詞之前，其他動(dòng)詞之后)yet用于否定句中“還”用于疑問句中“已經(jīng)，還，仍然”yet是already的否定詞(放于句末)I_____already____

thefilm.(我已看過這部電影了)haveseen否：I______________thefilm______.haven’tseenyet“還”2.ever與neverever曾經(jīng)主要用于疑問句(放句中)never從不主要用于否定句(放句中)--____youever_____(eat)BeijingDuck?--No,______.Haveeatennever3.just與recently1)I______just_______(see)him.haveseen2)She_______________(notsee)themrecently.2)She’sneverseenthefilm,________?hasshehasn’tseen4.since和for+一段時(shí)間常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)since+短語=for+一段時(shí)間句子(用一般過去時(shí))for+一段時(shí)間1)常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)2)動(dòng)詞必須可以延續(xù)3)用Howlong提問1)I______(begin)toworkherein2000began=I_____________heresince2000.haveworked2)They__________(notmeet)eachotherforyears.haven’tmet3)She_______(feel)lonelysinceshe______(move)here.hasfeltmovedMyfriendJackhascometoNanjing.Whathashedoneinthelast2days?HehaseatensomethingdeliciousinNanjingTeaHouse.haseaten （eat）HehastakensomephotosinPurpleMountain.hastaken

（take）

Hehasseendifferentkindsofa