高考英語寫作專題英語5種基本句型,教你寫好簡單句

高考英語寫作專題：英語5種基本句型，教你寫好簡單句英語5種基本句型1.S(主）+Vi.（不及物動詞）（謂）

常見的不及物動詞有：appear,apologize,arrive,come,die,disappear,exist,fall,happen,rise,laugh,smile,live,

arrive,1isten,

2.S(主）+V.（謂）（lv.)(系動詞）+P（表）1)表感官的動詞，feel,smell,taste,sound,look,appear,seem等。2)表轉(zhuǎn)變變化的動詞，become,get,grow,turn,go,等。

3)表延續(xù)的動詞remain,keep,seem,hold,stay,rest等。4)表瞬時的動詞come,fall,set,cut,occur等

5)其他動詞lie,prove,ring,run,shine,sit,stand,continue,hang等。

注：下列常見“It…”句式也是屬于第二句型。1）It+be+adj./n.+todo…(不定式)

Itisyourdutytotakecareofyourmother.2）It+be+adj.+for/of+sb.+todo…

Itiseasyforustofinishtheprojectintwodays.3.S(主）+Vt.（及物動詞）（謂）+O（賓）togothere.

Infinitive（不定式）wheretogo.

Wh-Word+Infinitivestealingthemoney.

Gerund（動名詞）thatthereisnothingwrong..

That-clause（that從句）注：1)S+Vt.+infinitive(不定式）Iwanttohelphim.

常用于這句型的動詞有：attempt,dare,decide,desire,expect,hope,intend,learn,need,offer,pretend,promise,propose,purpose,refuse,want,wish等。2)S+Vt.+Wh-Word+Infinitive

Idon'tknowwhattodo.

常用于這句型的動詞有：ask,consider,decide,discover,explain,findout,forget,guess,inquire,know,learn,observe,remember,see,settle,tell,think,understand,wonder等。3)S+Vt.+Gerund

Ienjoylivinghere.

常用于這句型的動詞有：admit,advise,avoid,consider,defend,enjoy,excuse,finish,forbid,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest,giveup,can'thelp，lookforwardto,stickto等。4)S+Vt.+That-clause

Idon'tthink(that)heisright.

常用于這句型的動詞有：Admit,believe,command,confess,declare,demand,deny,doubt,expect,explain,feel(覺得）,hear（聽說）,hope,imagine,intend,know,mean,mind（當心）,notice,propose,request,report,say,see（看出），show,suggest,suppose,think,understand,wish,wonder(覺得奇怪）。4.S(主）+Vt.（謂）+I.O.（間接賓）+D.O.（直接賓）wheretheteacherlives.

(從句)本句型的謂語動詞所發(fā)出的動作有兩個對象，一為“人或動物等”，稱為間接賓語；另一為“物或事”，稱為直接賓語。本句型也可以把“D.O.”置于“I.O.”之前，應(yīng)注意用介詞to或for，句型為：S+Vt.+N./Pron.+To/for-phrase.如：1）Hesentmeabook.→Hesentabooktome.2）Heboughtmeacoat.→Heboughtacoatforme.

間接賓語前需要加to的常用動詞有：bring,deny,give,grant,hand,leave,lend,offer,owe,pass,pay,permit,promise,read,render,restore,sell,send,show,teach,tellwish,write等。

間接賓語前需要加for的常用動詞有：bring,buy,cash,choose,fetch,get,leave,make,order,paint,play(演奏），save,sing,spare等。5.S(主）+Vt.（謂）+O.（賓）+O.C.（賓補）howtolearnEnglish.

(Wh-word+Infinitive)thathepassedtheexam.(賓語從句)whenweshouldstart.

(賓語從句)此句型中的動詞叫做可以跟復(fù)合賓語的動詞，后面的賓語補足語是說明賓語的情況的，賓語和賓語補足語一起被稱做復(fù)合賓語。注：1)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+N

常用于這句型的動詞有：appoint,call,choose,elect,entitle,find,make,name,nominate(命名）。

2)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+Adj

常用于這句型的動詞有：beat,boil,cut,drive,find,get,hold,keep,leave,like,make,paint,see,set,turn,want,wash,wipe,wish等。

3)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+PrepPhrase

Shealwayskeepseverythingingoodorder.

4)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+Infinitive

常用于這句型的動詞有：a)不定式帶to的詞：advice,allow,ask,beg,cause,choose,command,decide,encourage,expect,force,get,hate,invite,know,leave,like,love,order,permit,persuade,prefer,remain,request,teach,tell,want,warn,wish等。

b)不定式不帶to的詞：feel,have,hear,know,let,listento,lookat,make,notice,see,watch等。

5)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+Participle(分詞）

常用于這句型的動詞有：catch,feel,find,get,have,hear,imagine,keep,leave,listento,lookat,notice,observe,perceive,see,set,smell,start,watch等。

6)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+Wh-word+Infinitive

常用于這句型的動詞有：advise,ask,inform,show,teach,tell等。

7)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+That-clause

常用于這句型的動詞有：assure,inform,promise,remind,teach,tell,warm等。

8)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+Wh-Clause

常用于這句型的動詞有：Advise,ask,inform,show,teach,tell.6.Therebe句型此句型是由there+be+主語+狀語構(gòu)成，用以表達某地存在有，它其實是倒裝的一種情況，主語位于謂語動詞be之后，there僅為引導(dǎo)詞，并無實際意義。Be與其后的主語在人稱和數(shù)上一致，有時態(tài)和情態(tài)變化。如，現(xiàn)在有

thereis/are…過去有

therewas/were…將來有

therewillbe…/thereis/aregoingtobe...現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有

therehas/havebeen…

可能有

theremightbe...

肯定有

theremustbe…/theremusthavebeen...過去一直有

thereusedtobe…

似乎有

thereseems/seem/seemedtobe…碰巧有

therehappen/happens/happenedtobe..注：我們受漢語的干擾，會運用一些漢式表達。請觀察下列句子：1）Therearetwoboysarewaitingforyou.(去掉第二個are或boys后加who)2）Therearemanypeopledoexercisesintheparkeverymorning.(去掉Thereare)此句型有時可用live,stand,come,go,lie,remain,exist,arrive,等詞代替be動詞。Eg:Therelivedanoldmanatthefootofthemountain.

Thereliesabookonthedesk.

注：在書面表達中。“有…”這個含義，我們會情不自禁地使用Thereare和have結(jié)構(gòu)來表達。雖然能表達出原意，可千篇一律，總會顯得俗氣呆板。試比較以下句子，便可見分曉。學(xué)校的體育中心有三個運動區(qū)域。1)Therearethreeathleticareasintheschoolsportscentre.2)Theschoolsportscentrecontainsthreeathleticareas.(Better)with結(jié)構(gòu)也有“有”的含義。主要用法介紹如下：1）It’sasmallflatof25squaremetres,withabedroom,abathroom,andakitchen.2）with+賓語+介詞短語

Hesatinachair,withanewspaperinhishands.3）with+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞

Hearrivedatamountain,withatowerstandingatthetop.

Withwintercomingon,it’stimetobuywarmclothes.

練習(xí)：英語5種基本句型

（一）主謂結(jié)構(gòu)（主語＋不及物動詞）1.你應(yīng)當努力學(xué)習(xí)。2.她昨天回家很晚。______________________________________________________________________________________3.那天早上我們談了很多。4.會議將持續(xù)(last)兩個小時。

______________________________________________________________________________________5.在過去的十年里，我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生（takeplace）了巨大的變化。

______________________________________________________________________________________6.這種事情全世界各地每天都在發(fā)生。7.每天八時開始上課。______________________________________________________________________________________8.這個盒子重(weigh)五公斤。9.五年前我住在北京。______________________________________________________________________________________10.讓我們立即行動(act)起來。11．恰好(happentodo)他身邊有錢。______________________________________________________________________________________12.慢慢地她臉上露出(appear)了一絲笑容。_________________________________________（二）主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)（主語＋及物動詞＋賓語）1.昨晚我寫了一封信。2.今天下午我想同你談?wù)劇_____________________________________________________________________________________3.這本書他已經(jīng)讀過多次了。4.他們成功地完成了計劃(carryouttheplan)。______________________________________________________________________________________5.你們必須在兩周內(nèi)看完這些書。6.我收到了筆友從澳大利亞寄來的信。______________________________________________________________________________________7.我們大家都相信Jack是一個誠實男孩。8.他不知道說什麼好。______________________________________________________________________________________（三）主系表結(jié)構(gòu)（主語＋系動詞＋表語）1.我的兄弟都是大學(xué)生。2.冬季白天短，夜晚長。______________________________________________________________________________________3.布朗夫人看起來很健康。4.十五歲他就成為有名的鋼琴家(pianist)了。______________________________________________________________________________________5.孩子們，請保持安靜。6.這本書是有關(guān)美國歷史的書。______________________________________________________________________________________7.她的工作是在幼兒園里照看兒童。8.他失業(yè)了。______________________________________________________________________________________9.樹葉已經(jīng)變黃了(turn)。10.這個報告聽起來很有意思。______________________________________________________________________________________11.商店開到八點。12．機器出了毛病。______________________________________________________________________________________13．這些努力似乎全都白費了。14．這話聽起來有道理(reasonable)。______________________________________________________________________________________15．房里一會兒就擠滿了人。_____________________________________________________________（四）雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)（主語＋及物動詞＋間接賓語＋直接賓語）1．Johnson先生去年教我們德語(German)。2.奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個有趣的故事。

_____________________________________________________________________________________3.他把錢包(wallet)交給(hand)校長(principal)了。4.請把那本字典遞給我好嗎？

_____________________________________________________________________________________5.他把車票給列車員(conductor)看。6.這個學(xué)期我已經(jīng)給父母寫過三封信了。______________________________________________________________________________________7.我父親已經(jīng)給我買了一輛新自行車。

8.RobinsonCrusoe給自己做了一只小船。______________________________________________________________________________________9.請你給我弄一本新的(anewcopy)，好嗎？10.我替你叫輛出租汽車好嗎？______________________________________________________________________________________（五）復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)（主語＋及物動詞＋賓語＋賓語補足語）1.他的父母給他取名為John.

2.每天早晨我們都聽到他大聲朗讀英語。______________________________________________________________________________________3.我們大家都認為他是誠實的。

4.他們把門推開了。______________________________________________________________________________________5.我們要使學(xué)校變得更美麗。

6.我要你把真相告訴我。______________________________________________________________________________________7.給我?guī)追昼娍紤]一下。8.我們不會讓她在晚上外出的。______________________________________________________________________________________9.他每個月理一次發(fā)。10.我要請人把我的錄音機修理一下。______________________________________________________________________________________11.那可怕的聲音把孩子們嚇壞了。12.她正在聽人家講故事。______________________________________________________________________________________13.我從來沒看見這個字這樣用過。14.他感到很難跟你交談。______________________________________________________________________________________15.學(xué)校定了一條規(guī)則，開始上課時學(xué)生要起立。

16.我認為與那個人談話是無益的。______________________________________________________________________________________17.祝一路平安。

18你讓我等了三個鐘頭。______________________________________________________________________________________（六）Therebe句型1.今晚沒有會。2.這個學(xué)校有一名音樂老師和一名美術(shù)老師。______________________________________________________________________________________3.天氣預(yù)報說下午有大風(fēng)。4.燈亮著，辦公室里肯定有人。______________________________________________________________________________________5.恰好那時房里沒人。6.公共汽車來了。______________________________________________________________________________________7.就只剩下二十八美元了。8.在這個山洞前面長著一棵高大的松樹(pine)。______________________________________________________________________________________9.鈴響了。10.最近幾年,這個村莊發(fā)生了巨大的變化。______________________________________________________________________________________11.過去這條河上有座橋。

12.十字路口(crossing)處站著一個警察。_____________________________________________________________________________________英語5種基本句型答案：（一）1.Youshouldstudyhard.

2.Shewenthomeverylateyesterdayevening.

3.Thatmorningwetalkedalot.

4.Themeetingwilllasttwohours.

5.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepast/lasttenyears.

Myhometownhaschangedgreatlyinthepast/lasttenyears6.Thingsofthatsortarehappeningallovertheworldeveryday.

7.Classesbeginateighteveryday.

8.Thisboxweighsfivekilos.

9.IlivedinBeijingfiveyearsago.

10.Let’sactatonce/immediately11.Hehappenedtohavesomemoneywithhim.

12.Graduallyasmileappearedonherface.（二）1.Iwrotealetterlastnight.

2.Iwanttotalkwithyouthisafternoon.3.Hehasalreadyreadthisbookmanytimes.

4.Theycarriedouttheplansuccessfully.(success/succeed/successful)Theysucceeded(in)carryingouttheplan5.Youmustfinishreadingthesebooksintwoweeks.

6.IreceivedaletterfrommypenfriendinAustralia.

7.AllofusbelievethatJackisanhonestboy.

8.Hedidnotknowwhattosay.（三）1.Mybrothersareallcollegestudents.

2.Inwinter,thedaysareshortandthenightsarelong.

3.Mrs.Brownlooksveryhealthy.

4.Attheageoffifteenhebecameafamouspianist.

5.Children,keepquietplease.

6.ThisbookisaboutthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.7.Herjobistolookafterthechildreninthekindergarten.

8.Heisoutofwork.9.Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.

10.Thereportsoundsinteresting.

11.Theshopstaysopentill8o’clock.

12.Themachinewentwrong.13.Alltheseeffortsseeminvain

14.Thesewordssoundreasonable.15.Theroomsoonbecamecrowded.（四）1.Mr.JohnsontaughtusGermanlastyear.

2.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.

3.Hehandedthewallettotheprincipal.

4.Wouldyoupleasepassmethedictionary?

5.Heshowedthetickettotheconductor.

6.ThistermIhavewrittenthreeletterstomyparents.

7.Myfatherhasboughtmeanewbike.

8.RobinsonCrusoemadehimselfaboat.9.Willyoupleasegetmeanewcopy?

10.ShallIcallyouataxi?（五）1.HisparentsnamedhimJohn.

2.EverymorningwehearhimreadEnglishal