2024-2025學(xué)年北京市朝陽區(qū)高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷

2024—2025學(xué)年北京市朝陽區(qū)高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷

一、完形填空(★★)At13yearsold,ItookalongtriptoLondonalone.WhenIsatdownonthecoach,anelderlygray-hairedman_____andaskedifhecouldsitbesideme.“Ofcourse!”Helooked_____,soIavoidedeyecontactashesettled.“Hi,I’mSara.”Iawkwardlyofferedmyrighthand.“…George.”Hepausedbeforeacceptingit.Then,ourchattookoff.Charleshadneverleftthecountryorrarelytalkedtostrangers,whileI,athirdculturekid,grewupwithfriendsfromaroundtheworld.Aswelearnedmoreabouteachother,webothseemedto_____.ListeningtoGeorge,Ifeltthankfulforhis_____,agecontrastnotwithstanding.It’softenourexperiencesthat_____us,notage.Ourconversationwasinterruptedbymygrowlingstomach.ItookoutasandwichandhandedGeorgeanotherone.“Wouldyoueatwithme?”Atfirst,herefusedinshock.Butthedeterminationonmyfacemusthavebeenverypersuasive.Afteramoment’shesitation,heacceptedit.Assilencesettledin,Ifeltmyselffallingasleep.Thesuddentaponmyshouldermademe_____inmyseat.ItwasGeorge,readytogetoffthebus.AsIextendedmyhandforafinalhandshake,he_____itinbothofhis,lookingdirectlyatme,hiseyesfullof_____.“Thankyouforbeingsokindtome.Safetravels.”Lookingoutside,IrealizedthatIhad_____showngenerositytothisoldman,whohadprobablyneverbeenofferedfoodbyastranger.IfIfeltthisgoodsimplybecauseIhadunconsciouslybrightenedsomeone’sday,Iwonderhowwonderfulitwouldfeeltoshowstrangerskindnesswith______.1.A．steppedB．wanderedC．returnedD．a(chǎn)pproached2.A．excitedB．nervousC．confusedD．confident3.A．relaxB．focusC．worryD．hesitate4.A．guidanceB．wisdomC．honestyD．company5.A．createB．shapeC．discoverD．control6.A．shootupB．sitbackC．benddownD．stretchout7.A．wavedB．supportedC．cuppedD．balanced8.A．hopeB．gratitudeC．prideD．curiosity9.A．consistentlyB．purposelyC．a(chǎn)ccidentallyD．thoughtfully10.A．intentionB．sympathyC．inspirationD．expectation二、語法填空(★)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。DuringmysummervacationintheUS,Ionceaskedforacupofhotwateratarestaurant.Thewaiter’s11(confuse)looksuggestedmyrequestseemedstrange.InAmerica,peoplelovetodrinkice-coldwater.ButinChina,wepreferhotwater.Thewaiter12(come)backwithaglassofroomtemperaturewater.Ipolitelyaskedagain,“CanIpleasehavesomehotwater?”Thewaiterfinallyunderstoodandbroughtmeasteamingcupofhotwater.13(learn)somethingnewabouteachother’scultures,webothsmiled.(★)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Today,manypeoplewonder14electriccarsarebetterthangasolinecars.Somearguetheyareclean,not-pollutingandcheaper,15gasolinecarsarestillverypopular.Theycandrivelongdistances16needingtorecharge,andtheyalsorefuelmorequickly,takingonlyafewminutesatagasstation.Additionally,therearemoregasstationsthanchargingstations,makinggasolinecarsmoreconvenientforlongtrips.(★)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Shanxiisahugemuseumofhistoryandculture.Recently,thegameBlackMyth:Wukong17(gain)alotofattention.ToshowcasethebeautyofChinesearchitecture,thegamefeaturesovertwentyscenes,18templesandtowersaremodeledafterancientShanxi’sbuildings.AvideoentitledTravelShanxiwithWukonghasbeenreleasedtofollowinthefootstepsandtakeviewersonavirtualtourofeveryfamous19(attractive).Thiscloseconnectiontothegameworldallowsus20(use)digitalplatformstointroduceShanxi’shigh-qualityculturalandtourismresourcesthroughinteractivemethods.三、閱讀理解(★★)TheOxfordCollegeFarm,locatedontheedgeofOxfordcampusofEmoryUniversity,wascreatedin2014afterthedonationofelevenacres(英畝)oflandfromanEmorygraduate.Here,organicandfreshfoodisgrownbothforEmory’scampusesandthesurroundingcommunities.Also,thefarmprovidesstudentsacrossdisciplineswithhands-onexperienceinsustainableagriculture.Ifyouarelookingforlocalandorganically-grownfood,deliciousvarietiesharvestedatthepeakofripenessorotherexcitingpossibilities,comeandjointheOxfordCollegeFarmCommunitySupportedAgriculture(CSA)Program!Justtakeitasasubscriptionprogramthatallowsyoutobeasteward(管家)ofthelandwhileeatingwell!CSAProgramMembership·Tourthegardensonweekdays.·Enjoylocally-grown,fresh,andseasonalproduce.·Receivenewsletterfeaturinggardenupdatesandrecipesuggestions.·Havepriorityforsigningupfornextyear’sCSA.Sign-upReminders·Fillinyourinformation,includingyourEmoryNetID,firstname,lastname,preferredemail,preferredphone,homeaddress,city,stateandzipcode.·Selectyourpickuplocation:OxfordFarmersMkt,AtlCampusKaldi’s,AtlCampusMath/Sci,EmoryUniversityHospital.·Chooseyourpickupseason(s).Pleasenotethatpricesvaryfromseasontoseason.Toreceivea10%discount,youcanparticipateinallseasons.·Useadeliveryserviceifyouneed.Itisfreeforallordersover$30,otherwisefeesvaryanywherefrom$2to$5dependingondistance.IfyouareunabletojointheCSAbecauseoffinancialneed,pleaseemailusatoxfarm@emory.edutodiscuss.MembershiptotheCSAislimited,sosignupassoonaspossible!Don’tmissoutonthisopportunitytosupportsustainableagricultureandenjoyfresh,locally-grownfood!21.TheOxfordCollegeFarm_________.

A．ismanagedbyEmorygraduatesB．istailoredforagriculturemajorsC．a(chǎn)llowsstudentstoexperienceinpersonD．makesdonationstonearbycommunities22.TheCSAmemberscan_________.

A．getlatestnewsaboutthegardensB．enjoyfreedeliveryserviceC．takepartinfarmtoursonweekendsD．getdiscountsformembershiprenewal23.IfyouwanttosignupfortheCSAprogram,youneedto_________.

A．sendanemailinadvanceB．fillinyourfinancialconditionsC．chooseyourpreferredpickupspotD．guaranteetoparticipateinallseasons(★★★)NiciMense,theNewYorkJets’firstfull-timedietitian,facesthedemandingtaskofmanagingthedailynutritionalneedsofprofessionalathletes.Recently,shehassuccessfullycompletedherseventhseasonwiththeteam.Properlyfuelingplayerssothattheyfeelthedifferenceintheirperformanceissomethingshelearnedwhileplayingsocceratuniversity.“IfoundsoccertobemoredemandingonmybodythanIhadexpected,andIneededtomaintainmyenergythroughpropernutritiontomatchmyperformanceonthefield,”shesaid.“Thisrealizationchangedmyperspective.I’vealwayslovedsportsandfood,socombiningthetwomadethemostsense.”MensejoinedtheNewYorkJetsandhasstayedintunewiththeteam’sschedule.“Myhoursvaryfromtimetotime,”shesaid.“It’sthebusiestduringtrainingcampthroughtheendoftheseason.Wewillworksevendaysaweekunlessit’sourbyeweek,whenwedon’tplayagameduringtheseason.Weensureplayersfuelproperlybefore,duringandafterpractice.Theyreceiverecoveryshakes,snacksandfruitforpost-practicerecovery.Whiletheyareintrainingthroughouttheday,that’smytimetoplanfortheweeksahead.”O(jiān)ccasionally,athletesneedawarm-upperiodwhenworkingwithadietitian.“Itcanbequitechallengingtoprovethatdietitiansareheretohelpthemandthatwearenotthefoodpolice,”saidMense.“Therearetimeswhenaplayerdoesn’tlistentotheeducationandinjuresthemselves.Butit’salwayssoawesometoseewhenitworksforthem.”Nevertheless,Mensefeelsfulfilledinherroleandcontinuestopushtheathletes,knowingthatnutritioniskeytofuelingperformance,recoveryandlong-termhealth.Mensedescribesherselfas“obsessed”withherfield,constantlyevolvingandgainingknowledge.“IfIamthesamedietitianthreeyearsfromnow,thenIamdoingsomethingwrong,”shedeclared.“Themoreopen-mindedIam,andthemoreIamabletolearnasaprofessional,thebetterIcanhelpathleteswiththeirgoals.”Bystayingattheforefrontofherfield,Menseprovidesathleteswithessentialnutritionstrategiestosupporttheirperformance,recovery,andlong-termhealth.Withherdedicationandexpertise,it’sclearthatprofessionalathletesaretrulyeatingtheirwaytovictory.24.WhatmotivatedNiciMensetochoosehercareer?

A．Herurgetomakelifechanges.B．Herexperienceofplayingsoccer.C．Heradmirationforathletes’spirits.D．Herdreamofbeingaprofessionalathlete.25.WhatcanwelearnaboutNiciMense?

A．Shekeepsherprofessionalknowledgeupdated.B．Herpriorityistoprovidepost-gamerecoverymeals.C．Sheworkssevendaysaweekduringtheseasonperiod.D．Herworkinghoursarefixedthroughouttheentireseason.26.NiciMensesometimesfindsithardtoworkwithathletesbecausethey_________.

A．puttheirpersonalinterestsfirstB．complainabouttheirunhealthydietC．disagreeabouttheirtrainingscheduleD．doubttheroleofadietitianintheirteam27.WhichwordscanbestdescribeNiciMense?

A．Determinedandgenerous.B．Humbleandinnovative.C．Talkativeandopen-minded.D．Enthusiasticandcommitted.(★★★★)Accordingtoanideacalledthe“inflationary(暴脹的)multiverse”,theuniversehasbeenconstantlyexpanding,whichwouldhavecreatedacountlessnumberofotheruniverses.Collectively,thesecosmicislandsformwhatscientistscalla“multiverse”.However,otheruniversesmayliebeyondourscientificreach,physicallyandphilosophically.Consequently,themethodologiesbywhichphysicistsmightvalidate(驗(yàn)證)themultiverseandwhethersuchvalidationisevenpossibleremainunresolvedinquiries.Inscience,hypotheses(假說)areusedtoproposeexplanations,butfromhypothesestotheories,validationofpredictionsisessentialtoseewhetherinitialassumptionsaresupportedordisproved.TheoreticalphysicistCarloRovellisays,“Itishardtowritetheoriesthatsurvivetheproofofreality.Fewsurvivethankstoabasicidea:Donottrustyourfancies.Keeponlytheideasthatcanbetested.”Rovelliadds,“Todaymanyphysicistsarewastingtimetryingtoguessandjumpingtoconclusions.Thisapproachhasneverworkedpreviously,anditisnotworkingnow.”Themultiversemightbeoneofthosewildguesses.Now,physicistsaredebatingwhetherthatproblemmovesthemultiversefromphysicstometaphysics,fromtheworldofsciencetothatofphilosophy.PhilosopherRichardDawidbelievesscientistscouldsupportthemultiversehypotheseswithoutactuallyfindingphysicalsupport.“Ifwehaveatheorythatseemstowork,andhavecomeupwithnothingthatworksbetter,chancesareourideaisright,”hesays.Noteveryoneissocheerful,though.SabineHossenfelder,anothertheoreticalphysicist,thinks“Withoutmakingcontactwithobservation,atheoryisn’tpartofthenaturalsciences,andnotphysics.”Somesupportersofthemultiverseclaimtheyhavefoundphysicalevidence.AndreiLindeinsists“Ouruniverseseemsfine-tuned(精調(diào)的)tobefavourabletolife,withafour-dimensionalspaceinwhichwecanlive.Itiscertainthatinaneternallyinflatingmultiverse,oneoftheuniversesshouldturnoutlikeours.Eachuniversecanhavedifferentphysicallawsandfundamentals.Givenlimitlesschanges,auniverseonwhichhumanscanbebornwillbeborn.Themultiverseactuallyexplainswhywe’rehere.Andourexistence,therefore,helpsexplainwhythemultiverseisplausible.”JustasEinstein’stheoryofgeneralrelativitycouldonlybeconfirmedrecentlywithabillion-dollarinstrumentcalledLIGO,scientistsmayeventuallydiscovermoredirectevidenceofthemultiverse.Sofar,allofsciencehasreliedontestability,butthoseteststaketime,andmosttheoreticianswanttowaititout.Theyarenotreadytoshelveanidealikethemultiverse—whichcouldactuallybetheanswertolife,theuniverseandeverything—untilandunlesstheycanprovetothemselvesitdoesn’texist.Andthatdaymaynevercome.28.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A．Themultiverseisrecognizedasatheory.B．Themultiversestartsdebatesonhumanexistence.C．Rovellicriticizesphysicistsfortheirbaselessfancies.D．Dawidemphasizesthenecessityofphysicalevidence.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plausible”inParagraph4probablymean?

A．Credible.B．Complex.C．Essential.D．Fascinating.30.Asfortheexistenceofmultiverse,theauthoris_________.

A．negativeB．neutralC．certainD．positive31.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A．MysteriesofMultiverse:Fine-TunedforLifeB．CanPhysicistsEverProvetheMultiverseIsReal?C．TheInflationaryMultiverse:ProvenBeyondDoubtD．HavePhysicistsLostTheirMindsintheMultiverse?(★★★★)Puremathematicsfascinatesme,preciselybecauseitissoinaccessible.Ienvisionitasaremote,chilly,dangerousplace,likeAntarctica’sSentinelRange.Thehardysoulswhosurmountitspeaksseemsuperhuman.PerhapsbecauseIromanticizemathematicians,I’mtroubledbythethoughtthatmachinesmightreplacethem.IstatedthispossibilityinTheDeathofProof,publishedintheOctober1993ScientificAmerican.Inresponsetothegrowingcomplexityofmathematics,Ireported,mathematicianswerebecomingincreasinglyreliantoncomputers.Iasked,“Willthegreatmathematiciansofthenextcenturybemadeofsilicon(硅)?”Mathematiciansarestillannoyedaboutthatarticle,evenasthetrendsIdescribedhavecontinued.AnthonyBordgatCambridgeUniversityworriesthathisfieldcouldfacea“replicationcrisis”(復(fù)制危機(jī))likethattroublingscientificresearch.Mathematicians,Bordgnotes,sometimesacceptaproofnotbecausetheyhavecheckedit,stepbystep,butbecausetheytrusttheproof’smethodsandauthor.Giventhe“increasingdifficultyincheckingthecorrectnessofmathematicalarguments”,old-fashionedpeerreviewmaynolongerbesufficient.Outstandingmathematicianshavepublished“proofs”sonovelandelaboratethatevenspecialistsintherelevantmathematicscan’tvalidatethem.Bordgsuggestscomputerized“proofassistants”willhelpconfirmproofs.Researchershavealreadyinventedan“interactivetheoremprover(交互式定理證明程序)”thatcancheckproofsandevenproposeimprovements.Somemathematicianswelcomethedigitizationofmathematicsforaccuracy.Othersareconflicted.MichaelHarrisseesmathematicsas“afree,creativeactivity”pursuedforitsownsake,forthepurejoyofdiscoveryandinsight.Heworriessuchtoolswillencouragea“l(fā)imitedvision”ofmathematicsasaneconomicproductratherthan“awayofbeinghuman”.Afterall,manyfundersofmathematicalresearch,includingtechnologygiants,valuemathematicsprimarilyforitsapplications.Wevaluescienceforapplications,too.Sentimentalsciencewriting,includingmine,impliesthatscience’spurposeisinsightintonature.Inthemodernera,however,science’sprimarygoalispower.Sciencehelpsuscontrolnatureforvariousends:toenrichandentertain,toboosteconomy,andtodefeatenemies.Modernphysics,tomostofus,isincomprehensible,butwhocareswhenphysicsgivesussmartphonesandhydrogenbombs?Physicistsoftenadoptautilitarian(實(shí)用主義的)mindset,exemplifiedbytheslogan“Shutupandcalculate!”Thatiswhatprofessorssupposedlytellstudentsstuckinquantummechanics.StephenHawkingandMartinReeshavepredictedartificialintelligencewillplayanincreasingroleinphysics.Wouldn’titbefunnyifaquantumAIfindsthelong-soughtunifiedtheoryofphysics,butnotevenbrillianttheoristEdwardWittenunderstandsit?Giventhepowerfulforcesbehindautomatization,ifmachinescanreplacemathematicians,theyprobablywill,justastheyarereplacingdrivers,banktellers,travelagents,cashiersandotherworkers.Mathematicians’wishes,suchastheirdesiretopursuetruthpurelyforitsownsake,mightbeunlikely.Thecharmofmathcanhardlybepreservedinfaceofthepowerfulforcesbehindautomatization.32.“Replicationcrisis”ismentionedto_________.

A．reduceaparticularconcernB．justifytheuseofdigitalassistantsC．questiontheroleofauthorityinmathD．highlightthepotentialthreatofmachines33.Advocatesofutilitarianisminsciencewouldprobablyagreethat_________.

A．insightintonatureisapriorityB．a(chǎn)utomatizationisamajortrendC．quantumAIremainsafantasyD．powerisanapproachtodigitization34.Whatcanbelearnedfromthispassage?

A．Utilitarianmindsetpushesphysicsforward.B．Quantummechanicsunifiestheoriesofphysics.C．Thehumanityofmathematicsishardtomaintain.D．Leadingmathematicians’proofsarebeyondunderstanding.(★★★★)Areyoustrugglingwithlowself-esteem(自尊)?Ifso,youmayhavebeentoldtorepeatphrasessuchas“I’malovableperson”.35However,whenpsychologiststestedtheeffectsofsuchpositiveself-talk,theyfound“toxicpositivity”—thephenomenonthataforcedoptimisticinterpretationofourexperiencesalongsidethebottlingupofnegativeemotionscandorealdamage.36Beginningintheindustrialrevolution,socioeconomicgoalsaroundproductivityandefficiencycontributedtoaculturewhereemotions,especiallyparalyzingoneslikesadness,wereseenashandbrakestoeconomicoutput.Ifsomeonewasstruggling,theywereadvisedtohavemorefaithratherthanencouragedtoexploretherootcauses.Sciencealsotakessomeblame.Historically,psychologistsdidn’tconsideremotionsasjustifiedphenomenatostudy,sotherewaslittleunderstandingoftheirsignificantimpactonmentalhealth.Itisn’tsurprisingthatwewanttobelievethingswillturnoutbetterifwehavepositiveattitude.Afterall,thereisagrowingbodyofresearchindicatingthatanoptimisticoutlookonlifedoeshavebenefits,suchaspromotingphysicalhealth,boostingenergy,andreducingstress.Italsoisn’tsurprisingthatwelabelcertainemotions,likeanger,guilt,fear,andbitterness,asbadbecausetheydofeelunpleasant.37Nevertheless,itisbecomingapparentthatpositivityhasitslimits.In2021,ameta-analysiswithmorethan217,000participantsinvestigatedthelinkbetweenoptimism,pessimismandmortality.Itfoundthatanoptimisticoutlookwasindeedassociatedwiththelowerriskofdeath,however,bothunrealisticoptimismandpessimismwerelinkedtoahigherriskofdeath.38Howcanweescapetoxicpositivity?SusanDavisfromHarvardMedicalSchoolemphasizestheimportanceofallowingourselvestositwithuncomfortableemotions.39Thekeytomanagingemotionsdoesnotlieinjudgingoneselfforfeelingnegativeemotions,butsimplyexperiencingthem,knowingthattheywillpass.

A．Weneedtoacceptthemasanormalpartofhumanexperience.B．Ourtendencytoavoidthedarkeraspectsofhumanexperienceisn’tnew.C．Whenweexperiencethem,wecanbecomeconsumed,disturbedorinactive.D．Neglectingnegativeemotionsisalsofoundtobeharmfultoourmentalhealth.E．Theyurgeustoinjectabitofpositiveemotionintoourdaytogainthebenefits.F．Positivechantslikethisaresettoboostaperson’smoodandfeelingsofself-worth.G．Wearemorelikelytoperceivenormalemotionsasmentalproblemsneedingtreatment.(★★★)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Mypathwaslongtorecognizingmyvocation(職業(yè)),muchlongerthanithadtobe.Myparentswereprofessorsofengineering.Sciencewasthehorizonofpossibilityinmyfamily;nothingelsecountedorevenexisted.NomatterhowmuchIlovedtoreadandwrite,itneveroccurredtometomajorinanythingelse.Ihadbeencuriousaboutbiologyandpsychologyinhighschool,sowhenIknewColumbiaofferedajointmajorinthetwofields,Ichoseitonthespot.Thefeeling,otherthanexcitement,wasoneofrelief.Icouldn’tbeartheuncertaintythatcollegerepresented.Insteadofopeningoptionsup,Ineededtoshutthemdown.Ihadlockedupthree-quartersofmycoursesforthenextfouryears,andIhadn’tevengonetoasingleclass.Therewasnoonetheretostopme.Iwouldmope(消沉)inthebackofthoselec