2023屆新高考英語(yǔ)模擬預(yù)熱卷

2023屆新高考英語(yǔ)模擬預(yù)熱卷（3）第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATopPublicSculptureParkstoVisitinAmericaKasminSculptureGarden(NewYorkCity)ThisquietsculpturegardeninManhattan'sChelseaneighborhoodisfarfromthecrowds.OwnedandoperatedbyKasminGallery,thisexhibitionspacecanbeviewedfromthenearbyHighLine.ItisdesignedbyFutureGreen,aBrooklyn,landscapearchitectstudio,anditstandsbesideafamousbuildingdesignedbyZahaHadid.There'sacurrentexhibitionfeaturingbronze(銅)sculpturesbyAlmaAllen,whichshowstheartist'sregardforUtah.TippetRiseArtCenter(Fishtail)ThissculpturegardenisworththetriptotheBeartoothMountainsinFishtail.Itisa12,500-acreranch(牧場(chǎng)),whichispepperedwithpublicart,includingsculpturesbyMarkdiSuvero,amongothers.Thissummer,theranchwillbeopentothosewhoarehikingortravelingbybike.StormKingArtCenter(NewWindsor)ByfarthemostpopularsculptureparkinupstateNewYork,itisa500-acresculptureparkinHudsonValley.Sinceopeningin1960,ithasgrowntoincludedozensofsculpturesthatchangeovertime.Initscollection,theparkownssculpturesbyfamousartistsincludingCarlAndre,LouiseBourgeois,andDanielBuren.OlympicSculpturePark(Seattle)ThisoutdoorparkwascreatedbythenearbySeattleArtMuseumandfeaturesalargeredsculpturebyAlexanderCaldercalledEagle,aswellasWakebyRichardSerra.Since2007,thiswaterfrontparkhasbroughtcreativitytoElliottBay.Thelandscapedesignfitsinwiththelocalroadsandskyline,facingtheharborinwhat'srecognizedasSeattle'slargestdowntowngreenspace.1.WhatcanbelearnedaboutthegardeninManhattan'sChelseaneighborhood?A.ItisrunbyKasminGallery.B.ItisdesignedbyZahaHadid.C.IthasbecomeapartoftheHighLine.D.ItstandsforAlmaAllen'srespectforUtah.2.WhichofthefollowingparksislocatedinHudsonValley?A.KasminSculptureGarden. B.TippetRiseArtCenter.C.StormKingArtCenter. D.OlympicSculpturePark.3.WherecanyouseethesculptureWake?A.InNewYorkCity. B.InSeattle.C.InNewWindsor. D.InFishtail.BRollinsCollege'sgraduate,ElizabethBonkergaveapowerfulspeechattheschool'sgraduationceremonyusingtext-to-speechtechnology."Youhaveavoice.Useit,"sheadvisedgraduates.Itseemsfunnythatanon-speakingautistic(孤獨(dú)癥患者)encouragesyoutouseyourvoice.However,hermovingspeechtouchednotonlyherfellowclassmatesbutalsotheworldwideaudiencewithapowerfulmessageofhope.Throughoutheracademiccareer,Elizabethhasstudiedhardtoreachhergoalsatschoolandinlife.Shewroteabook,IAminHere,whichhighlightstheabilitiesofpeoplelikeherwithnon-speakingautism.Shealsofoundedanon-profitorganizationcalledCommunication4All.Elizabethhasaformofautismthatresultedinherlosingtheabilitytospeakwhenshewas15monthsold.Aftershelostherspeechherfamilyhelpedherlearntocommunicatebytyping.Shehasbecomeasupporterofassistivecommunicationandtypinginstructionforthosewithnon-speakingautism."Ihavetypedthisspeechwithonefingerwithacommunicationpartnerholdingakeyboard,"sharedElizabeth.Shegaveherpersuasivespeechthroughtext-to-speechtechnology.Elizabethmajoredinsocialservicewiththepurposeofhelpingthe31millionpeopleintheworldwhohavenon-speakingautism.Shestronglybelievesthatservicetoothersgivesmeaningtoeachindividualandtothosetheyserve.Throughoutherlife,Elizabethhassoughtaplatformwhereotherswouldhearandaccepther.Sheignorednegativecommentsandthelowexpectationsothershadforherlife.Instead,shewalkeddownherownpathandsetouttorealizeherdreamsusingintellect,talentanddetermination.Sheencouragedherfellowclassmatestousetheireducationandthepoweroftheirownmindstohelpmaketheirdreamareality.4.WhateffectdoesElizabeth'sspeechhaveontheaudience?A.Itbringsthemhope.B.Itinspiresthemtousetechnology.C.Itinformsthemofmoreaboutautism.D.Itencouragesthemtomakespeeches.5.WhatdidElizabeth'sfamilydoaftershewasunabletospeak?A.Theytriedtheirbesttoteachherhowtospeak.B.Theystartedanon-profitorganizationforher.C.Theyhelpedherfindanotherwayofcommunication.D.Theycreatedthetext-to-speechtechnologytohelpher.6.WhydidElizabethchoosesocialserviceashermajor?A.Todevelopherpotentialandstrengths.B.Togetbetteremploymentopportunities.C.Tomakeherchildhooddreamcometrue.D.Tohelpmorepeoplelikeherintheworld.7.WhichwordscanbeusedtodescribeElizabeth?A.Positiveandcreative.B.Strong-mindedandhelpful.C.Energeticandhumorous.D.Kind-heartedandimaginative.CTheeffectofclimatechangeextendsbeyondruiningEarth'senvironmentandourphysicalsafety.Areportpublishedthisweeksuggeststhatclimatechangehasanegativeeffectonourmentalhealth,too.Thestudy,publishedinthejournalProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesoftheUnitedStates(PNAS),linksanincreaseinmonthlytemperaturestoariseinmentalhealthissues.Theexperimentalevidencestemsfrommeteorological(氣象的)datapairedwithinformationcollectedfromnearly2millionrandomlysampledresidentsintheUnitedStates.Thedatawascollectedoverthespan(跨度)ofadecade."Wefindthatexperienceswithhottertemperaturesandaddedrainfalleachworsenmentalhealth,thatlong-lastingwarmingassociateswithanincreasedpopularityofmentalhealthissues,andthatexposuretotropicalcyclones(熱帶氣旋),likelytoincreaseinfrequencyinthefuture,islinkedtoworsenedmentalhealth,"authorsofthestudystated."Theseresultsprovideaddedlarge-scaleevidencetothegrowinglinkbetweenclimatechangeandmentalhealth."Thereportspecificallyfocusedonmentalhealthoutcomesduetotheeffectsofenvironmentalstress—suchastemperature,rainfall,andtropicalcyclones—butotherclimatechange-relatedissuesarelikelytoaffectmentalhealthaswell—specifically,thestressandanxietyofknowingnaturaldisasterscouldbemorefrequentastemperaturesrise.8.Fromthenewly-publishedreport,welearnthattheclimatechangemay_________.A.savealotofpeople'slivesB.causeunbelievabledisastersC.influencepeople'smentalhealthD.greatlychangepeople'slifestyles9.Whydidtheauthormention"thespanofadecade"inParagraph2?A.Tostresstheimportanceofthestudy.B.Toshowthatthestudycosttoomuchmoney.C.Toexplainthedifficultiesandhardshipsofthestudy.D.toindicatethatthestudyisobjectiveandbelievable.10.Wherecanwefindsomespecificresultsofthestudy?A.InParagraph1. B.InParagraph2.C.InParagraph3. D.InParagraph4.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Thestudyhasitslimits.B.Theresultsofthestudyaren'tsatisfactory.C.Theenvironmentalproblemscan'tbesolved.D.Mentalhealthisdeterminedbyclimatechange.DPolarbearsgenerallyuseseaicetohunt(捕獵),butanewlydiscoveredgrouphasfoundanotherway.Anisolated(與世隔絕的)populationofpolarbearshasbeendiscoveredinafjord(峽灣)insoutheastGreenland,whichisfreeofseaiceformostoftheyear.Polarbeargenerallyneedseaicetosurvive,sothediscoveryisraisinghopesthatsomekindsofthepolarbearsmightsurvivethelossofseaicecausedbyglobalwarming.ResearchersfoundthepopulationlivinginafjordinthesoutheastGreenland,whichissurroundedbymountainsandanicesheettothewest,andoceantotheeast.Thesea-icecoveragelastsforonlyaround100dayseachyear.Withseaiceinthefjordbecomingsmallerbecauseofglobalwarming,thewholegroupwereexpectedtodieoutbytheendofthiscentury.Buttheisolatedpopulationhasfoundawaytohuntwithoutseaice.Thegroup,about27adultfemales,hasbeenisolatedfromotherpolarbearpopulationsalongGreenland'seastcoastforatleast200years.Trackingdatafrommarkedbearsprovesthattheydon'tmovefar.Forexample,whenmembersofthegroupwentoutofthefjord,theiceonwhichtheysatsometimesgotcaughtintherapidwaterflow."Wheneverthishappened,theywouldgetstuckandthen,theywouldhavetojumpoff,swimtothebeachandwalkbackhomeempty-handed,"saysleadauthorKristinLaidre,ananimalecologistattheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattle.Thoughtheresearchersfailedtovideotheirhuntingwithoutseaice,theexistenceofthissmallpopulationinconditionsoflowsea-icecoveragesuggeststhereisachancethatthepopulationcansurvive,evenasseaiceflowsawaytofarthernortheachyear.12.Whathavethenewlydiscoveredpolarbearsfound?A.Aplacefilledwithicesheets.B.Awaytohuntwithoutseaice.C.Awaytotrackseaiceflowingaway.D.Anicesheetcaughtintherapidwaterflow.13.Whywerepolarbearsinthefjordexpectedtodieout?A.Theyarebeinghuntedbyhuman.B.Theyhavelosttheirsourceoffood.C.Theycan'tstandtheincreasingheat.D.Theseaicethereisbecomingsmaller.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Thebearscanswimveryfartohuntforfood.B.KristinLaidreisnegativeaboutthefutureofthegroup.C.Oncethegroupwentoutofthefjord,theymightgetintotrouble.D.Ifthebearsgotcaughtintherapidwaterflow,theywouldn'tgohome.15.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.PolarbearpopulationcansurvivewithoutseaiceB.SeaiceisbecomingsmallerbecauseoftheglobalwarmingC.PolarbearpopulationmaydieoutbecauseoftheglobalwarmingD.Anewlydiscoveredpolarbearpopulationhasbeenstuckinafjord第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。"Teamworking"isfoundeverywherewithinjustabouteveryorganization.Youcan'tgetawayfrom"teams"thatmayprobablycreatesomethinggreaterthanthesumofitsparts.Orsothetheorygoes.16._______Everyteamneedsacommongoal.Theremustbeaclearreasonfortheteamtoexist.17._______Whattheyarehopingtoachieveshouldbesomethingachievablebuttoughandinspiringenoughtoattractthemembersandkeeptheirmotivationalive.What'smore,theyshouldalsobewellpreparedforthepossibledifficultiestheymayhaveintheprocess.18._______Teammembersmustbeabletoexpresstheiropinionsfreelyandbelievetheirsuggestionswillbetakenseriously.Thisisimportantbecausetheteammayneedtosolvesomecomplexissues.Forexample,itmaydiscussasensitivetopic.Shouldtheykeeptheirconclusionwithintheteamorshareitwithotheremployees?Thisisanissuethatallthemembersshouldagreeonandhonestdiscussionisneeded.Conflictsolvingisalsoveryimportant.Disagreementsarenaturaland,infact,debateanddiscussionshouldbeencouraged.Ateammadeuponlyof"yesmen"canmakedisastrousdecisionsthatfewpeoplehonestlyagreedwithinthefirstplace.19._______Forexample,teammeetingsmaynotbeagoodplaceforapairdiscussion,so"under-the-table"methodmaybebetter.20._______Itrequiresmuchmore,butmotivatingpeopleismostessential.Successfulteamworkingisnotmarkedbyhowmuchprogresstheteammakestowarditsgoals,butbyhowconfidentlyitsmemberscompletetheirtaskswithasenseofachievementandpride.A.Buildingastrongteamisnotdifficult.B.Hemustbeskilledincoachingthemtoreachgoals.C.Therearesomewaystohelpgetthemostoutofateam.D.Teambuildingisn'tjustthrowingafewpeopletogether.E.Sothereshouldberulesonhowtohandledisagreements.F.Besides,goodteamworkisbuiltonopencommunication.G.Andallthemembersshouldrealizethevalueofwhattheyaregoingtodo.第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Someyearsago,Iwasstuckonacrosstownbusduringrushhour.Thebuswasfilledwithcold,tiredpeople___21___withoneanother.Twomen___22___ateachotherforanunintentionalpush.Anelderlywomangoton,andnobodyofferedhera___23___.Angerwasintheair;no___24___couldbefoundhere.AsthebusapproachedSeventhAvenue,thedriver'swordscamefromthespeaker."Folks,"hesaid."Iknowyou'vehada(n)___25___dayandthatyouaredepressed,butIwill___26___.Wheneachofyouwalksbybeforegettingoff,dropyour___27___intomypalm(手掌).MyroutegoesrightbytheHudsonRiver,intowhichI'll___28___them."Itseemedasifaspellhadlifted.Everyoneburstoutlaughing,theirfacesshiningwith___29___.Thepassengerswhohadbeen___30___eachother'sexistenceweresuddenlygrinning(咧嘴笑)ateachother—isthisguyserious?Atthenextstop,justas___31___,thedriverheldouthishand,palmup,andwaited.Allthe___32___passengersperformedthegestureofdroppingsomethingintohispalm.Thedriver___33___thesameactionateverystopthatfollowed.Occasionallywemaysinkintoagreyworld,butsomeonecan___34___itlikearayoflight,showingushope.Whatifwearethelight?___35___,anyonepossessesthepowertoshineonothers'darkdays.21.A.satisfied B.associated C.impressed D.annoyed22.A.waved B.nodded C.barked D.shot23.A.reminder B.seat C.ride D.choice23.A.mercy B.fortune C.courage D.security25.A.tough B.average C.important D.fruitful26.A.makecommentsB.showupC.helpout D.takerisks27.A.memories B.troubles C.faults D.tips28.A.transform B.stretch C.accompany D.cast29.A.envy B.greed C.pleasure D.pride30.A.suspecting B.ignoring C.expecting D.appreciating31.A.ordered B.promised C.requested D.reported32.A.chosen B.fooled C.sitting D.exiting33.A.repeated B.designed C.interpreted D.evaluated34.A.divide B.explore C.reward D.brighten35.A.However B.Instead C.Actually D.Consequently第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Inaworldthatisfullofdifferentkindsofcolors,redquitestandsout.InChina,peoplecallthiscolorChinaRed,36._______hasbecomeaquitepopularexpression37._______(catch)theworld'sattention.ThisexpressionfullyshowsChinesepeople'sspecialloveforred.SowhyaretheChinesereallyfondofit?Onereason38._______(lie)inthecolor'srichmeaninginChinesehistoryand39._______(tradition)culture.InancientChina,red40._______(regard)asasymbolofhealth,energy,happiness,hopeandsoon.Nowredthingscanbe41._______(common)foundacrossthenation,forexampleredlanterns.PeoplecanfindredlanternsacrossChina,especiallyduring42._______(festival)andholidays.DuringtheSpringFestival,peoplewillseeredlanternshangingon43._______frontgatesofhousesandstores,trees,etc.Besidesredlanterns,things44._______SpringFestivalcouplets(對(duì)聯(lián))andinvitationsarealsooftenred.Inaword,redispopularinChinaandit'smorethanjustacolor.Itcarriestherichcultureofthisnation.Andyou'rewelcome45._______(feel)anddiscoveritinChina.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假定你是李華，得知由于國(guó)際交流的需要，你校的校史館正在招募英文講解員，請(qǐng)你向負(fù)責(zé)人Harry老師寫一封申請(qǐng)信。要點(diǎn)如下：1.寫信目的；2.個(gè)人優(yōu)勢(shì)；3.能做的事情。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：講解員commentatorDearHarry,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Itwasalovelyspringmorninginthemountainsofmyhome.Herewasfullofnaturalatmosphere.Theskywasblue,thesunwaswarm,andtheairwasfresh.Asdrivingalongthewindingroad,Icouldseethousandsofwildflowersinbloom.WhenIturnedround,IsloweddownasIsawsomevolunteerspickingupgarbagealongthesideoftheroad.IjustsmiledasIsawthemdoingsomecleaninginspringforMotherEarthandmymindsuddenlyfloatedbackintimetoanotherspringmorninglongago.Whenmychildrenwereyounger,Iusedtowalkalongasmallroutearoundthelakenearmyhome.ItwasalsoonaspringmorningthatInoticedmuchgarbagelyingalongtheroute.Thenextday,Ibroughtabiggarbagebagandstartedtoslowlypickupthegarbagealongmyway.Allkindsofdesertedobjectslayalloverthefloor.Therewerepopcans,plasticwaterbottles,wrappersforcandybars,emptychipbags,piecesofbrokenfishinglineandevenanoldshoe.EverytimeIstopped,Ipickedupapieceofgarbage.AndIevenfishedsomegarbageoutoftheedgeofthewater.BythetimeIcircledthelake,thegarbagebaghadbeennearlyfull.Tiredbuthappy,Iputthebaginanemptygarbagecan.IstoppedbeforeIheadedhomeandtookonelastlookatthelakeasthesunset.ItlookedmorebeautifulthaneverandIfeltliketheangelswerelookingdownuponitwithmeandsharingmysmiles.Ialwaysthinkthatattimesthisworld'sproblemscanseemoverwhelmingandyoumaywonderwhatyoucandotomakeadifference.Butthetruthisthateverygoodthingyoudomattersalot!IdobelieveeverytimeIstoptopickupasinglepieceofgarbage,Icanmakeadifference.Asmychildrenareadultsnow,Idecidetospendmoretimeprotectingtheenvironment.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Ibegintoencourageotherstodeveloptheenvironmentalawareness.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Manydayshavepassed,andthesurroundingshaveimprovedalot.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案以及解析第一部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)A1.答案：A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KasminSculptureGarden(NewYorkCity)中的"ThisquietsculpturegardeninManhattan'sChelseaneighborhoodisfarfromthecrowds.OwnedandoperatedbyKasminGallery,thisexhibitionspacecanbeviewedfromthenearbyHighLine.(這座位于曼哈頓切爾西區(qū)的安靜雕塑花園遠(yuǎn)離人群。這個(gè)展覽空間由KasminGallery擁有和運(yùn)營(yíng)，可以從附近的HighLine觀看)"可知，KasminSculptureGarden由KasminGallery運(yùn)營(yíng)。故選A。2.答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)StormKingArtCenter(NewWindsor)中的"ByfarthemostpopularsculptureparkinupstateNewYork,itisa500-acresculptureparkinHudsonValley.(迄今為止，它是紐約州北部最受歡迎的雕塑公園，位于哈德遜河谷，占地500英畝)"可知，StormKingArtCenter位于哈德遜河谷。故選C。3.答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OlympicSculpturePark(Seattle)中的"ThisoutdoorparkwascreatedbythenearbySeattleArtMuseumandfeaturesalargeredsculpturebyAlexanderCaldercalledEagle,aswellasWakebyRichardSerra.(這座戶外公園由附近的西雅圖藝術(shù)博物館創(chuàng)建，以亞歷山大·卡爾德的大型紅色雕塑Eagle和理查德·塞拉的Wake為特色)"可知，在西雅圖可以看到RichardSerra的雕塑作品Wake。故選B。B4.答案：A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中"However,hermovingspeechtouchednotonlyherfellowclassmatesbutalsotheworldwideaudiencewithapowerfulmessageofhope.(然而，她動(dòng)人的演講不僅打動(dòng)了她的同學(xué)，也用強(qiáng)有力的希望的信息打動(dòng)了全世界的觀眾。)"可知，她的演講用強(qiáng)有力的希望的信息打動(dòng)了全世界的觀眾，即她的演講帶給了觀眾希望。故選A。5.答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中"Elizabethhasaformofautismthatresultedinherlosingtheabilitytospeakwhenshewas15monthsold.Aftershelostherspeechherfamilyhelpedherlearntocommunicatebytyping.(Elizabeth患有一種孤獨(dú)癥，導(dǎo)致她在15個(gè)月大的時(shí)候喪失了說(shuō)話的能力。她失去語(yǔ)言能力后，家人幫助她通過打字來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)交流。)"可知，在她失去說(shuō)話能力后，她的家人幫助她通過打字來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)交流，即幫她找到了另一種溝通方式。故選C。6.答案：D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中"Elizabethmajoredinsocialservicewiththepurposeofhelpingthe31millionpeopleintheworldwhohavenon-speakingautism.(Elizabeth主修社會(huì)服務(wù)專業(yè)，目的是幫助世界上3100萬(wàn)孤獨(dú)癥患者。)"可知，Elizabeth主修社會(huì)服務(wù)專業(yè)是想幫助世界上更多的跟她一樣的孤獨(dú)癥患者。故選D。7.答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中"Instead,shewalkeddownherownpathandsetouttorealizeherdreamsusingintellect,talentanddetermination.Sheencouragedherfellowclassmatestousetheireducationandthepoweroftheirownmindstohelpmaketheirdreamareality.(相反，她走了自己的路，開始用智慧、才華和決心來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)她的夢(mèng)想。她鼓勵(lì)她的同學(xué)們利用他們的教育和自己的思想力量來(lái)幫助他們實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想。)"可知，她用智慧、才華和決心來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)她的夢(mèng)想，而她是一個(gè)失去語(yǔ)言能力的孤獨(dú)癥患者，因此她的意志是非常堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的；她鼓勵(lì)別人用自己的教育和思想力量來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想，因此她是一個(gè)樂于助人的人。故選B。C8.答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中"Areportpublishedthisweeksuggeststhatclimatechangehasanegativeeffectonourmentalhealth,too.(本周發(fā)表的一份報(bào)告表明，氣候變化對(duì)我們的心理健康也有負(fù)面影響。)"可知，氣候變化還會(huì)對(duì)人們的精神健康產(chǎn)生不良影響。故選C。9.答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中"Theexperimentalevidencestemsfrommeteorological(氣象的)datapairedwithinformationcollectedfromnearly2millionrandomlysampledresidentsintheUnitedStates.Thedatawascollectedoverthespan(跨度)ofadecade.(實(shí)驗(yàn)證據(jù)來(lái)自氣象數(shù)據(jù)以及美國(guó)近200萬(wàn)居民隨機(jī)抽樣收集的信息。這些數(shù)據(jù)的時(shí)間跨度為十年。)"可知，此處提到該研究的數(shù)據(jù)是在十年間收集的，是為了說(shuō)明該項(xiàng)研究的客觀性和可信度。故選D。10.答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中""Wefindthatexperienceswithhottertemperaturesandaddedrainfalleachworsenmentalhealth,thatlong-lastingwarmingassociateswithanincreasedpopularityofmentalhealthissues,andthatexposuretotropicalcyclones(熱帶氣旋),likelytoincreaseinfrequencyinthefuture,islinkedtoworsenedmentalhealth,"authorsofthestudystated.(該研究的作者表示："我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，氣溫升高和降雨增加都會(huì)惡化心理健康，持久的變暖與心理健康問題的增加有關(guān)，而暴露在熱帶氣旋中，未來(lái)可能會(huì)越來(lái)越頻繁，與心理健康狀況惡化有關(guān)。")"可知，第三段介紹了一些具體的研究結(jié)果。故選C。11.答案：A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中"butotherclimatechange-relatedissuesarelikelytoaffectmentalhealthaswell—specifically,thestressandanxietyofknowingnaturaldisasterscouldbemorefrequentastemperaturesrise.(但其他與氣候變化相關(guān)的問題也可能影響心理健康——具體來(lái)說(shuō)，隨著氣溫上升，自然災(zāi)害可能會(huì)更加頻繁，這種壓力和焦慮會(huì)更加頻繁。)"可知，其他與氣候變化相關(guān)的問題也可能影響心理健康，由此可以推斷，該研究有一定的局限性。故選A。D12.答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段"Buttheisolatedpopulationhasfoundawaytohuntwithoutseaice.(但是這一與世隔絕的群體發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種不用海冰的狩獵方式)"可知，新發(fā)現(xiàn)的這一北極熊群體找到了一種不用海冰的狩獵方式。故選B。13.答案：D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Withseaiceinthefjordbecomingsmallerbecauseofglobalwarming,thewholegroupwereexpectedtodieoutbytheendofthiscentury.(隨著全球變暖，峽灣的海冰變少，預(yù)計(jì)整個(gè)群體將會(huì)在本世紀(jì)末消亡)"可知，由于海冰變少，峽灣里的北極熊群里就可能會(huì)面臨滅絕。故選D。14.答案：C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"Forexample,whenmembersofthegroupwentoutofthefjord,theiceonwhichtheysatsometimesgotcaughtintherapidwaterflow."Wheneverthishappened,theywouldgetstuckandthen,theywouldhavetojumpoff,swimtothebeachandwalkbackhomeempty-handed,"saysleadauthorKristinLaidre,ananimalecologistattheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattle.(例如，當(dāng)北極熊群體的成員走出峽灣時(shí)，它們坐著的冰有時(shí)會(huì)被湍流的水流困住。"每當(dāng)這種情況發(fā)生時(shí)，它們就會(huì)被困住，而不得不跳下，游到海灘，空手回家，"西雅圖華盛頓大學(xué)的動(dòng)物生態(tài)學(xué)家、第一作者KristinLaidre說(shuō)道)"可知，如果北極熊群體走出峽灣，它們就會(huì)陷入困境。故選C。15.答案：A解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Polarbeargenerallyneedseaicetosurvive,sothediscoveryisraisinghopesthatsomekindsofthepolarbearsmightsurvivethelossofseaicecausedbyglobalwarming.(北極熊常常需要海冰才能生存，因此這項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)提高了人們的希望，即某些種類的北極熊可能會(huì)在全球變暖導(dǎo)致的海冰流失中幸存下來(lái))"可知，本文主要講述了研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)北極熊可能會(huì)在全球變暖導(dǎo)致海冰流失中幸存下來(lái)。由此可知，A項(xiàng)"沒有海冰，北極熊群體可能會(huì)幸存下來(lái)"符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)答案：16-20CGFED解析：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了如何才能有良好的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作。16.根據(jù)上文"Youcan'tgetawayfrom"teams"thatmayprobablycreatesomethinggreaterthanthesumofitsparts.Orsothetheorygoes.(你無(wú)法擺脫"團(tuán)隊(duì)"，它可能創(chuàng)造出比部分之和更大的東西。理論上是這樣的。)"說(shuō)明了團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的重要性。而下文則講述了如何擁有良好的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作。選項(xiàng)C"Therearesomewaystohelpgetthemostoutofateam.(有一些方法可以幫助一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)揮最大的作用。)"承上啟下。故選C。17.根據(jù)下文"Whattheyarehopingtoachieveshouldbesomethingachievablebuttoughandinspiringenoughtoattractthemembersandkeeptheirmotivationalive.(他們所希望達(dá)到的目標(biāo)應(yīng)該是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的，但也應(yīng)該是艱難并足以鼓舞人心的，以吸引隊(duì)員并保持他們的動(dòng)力。)"可知，本段講的是每一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)都要有一個(gè)目標(biāo)，而每一個(gè)隊(duì)員也要清楚這個(gè)目標(biāo)。選項(xiàng)G"Andallthemembersshouldrealizethevalueofwhattheyaregoingtodo.(所有的成員都應(yīng)該意識(shí)到他們將要做的事情的價(jià)值。)"指的是每個(gè)人都要心中有目標(biāo)。故選G。18.根據(jù)下文"Teammembersmustbeabletoexpresstheiropinionsfreelyandbelievetheirsuggestionswillbetakenseriously.Thisisimportantbecausetheteammayneedtosolvesomecomplexissues.(團(tuán)隊(duì)成員必須能夠自由地表達(dá)他們的意見，并相信他們的建議會(huì)被認(rèn)真對(duì)待。這很重要，因?yàn)閳F(tuán)隊(duì)可能需要解決一些復(fù)雜的問題。)"講述的是團(tuán)隊(duì)隊(duì)員應(yīng)該能自由地表達(dá)自己的意見。選項(xiàng)F"Besides,goodteamworkisbuiltonopencommunication.(此外，良好的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作建立在開放溝通的基礎(chǔ)上。)"與下文一致。故選F。19.根據(jù)上文"Conflictsolvingisalsoveryimportant.Disagreementsarenaturaland,infact,debateanddiscussionshouldbeencouraged.Ateammadeuponlyof"yesmen"canmakedisastrousdecisionsthatfewpeoplehonestlyagreedwithinthefirstplace.(解決沖突也很重要。分歧是很自然的，事實(shí)上，應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)辯論和討論。一個(gè)只由"唯唯諾諾者"組成的團(tuán)隊(duì)可能會(huì)做出災(zāi)難性的決定，而這些決定最初很少有人誠(chéng)實(shí)地同意。)"講述了團(tuán)隊(duì)中需要恰當(dāng)?shù)亟鉀Q沖突。選項(xiàng)E"Sothereshouldberulesonhowtohandledisagreements.(所以應(yīng)該有關(guān)于如何處理分歧的規(guī)則。)"承接上文說(shuō)明團(tuán)隊(duì)有沖突很自然，所以要有規(guī)則，同時(shí)又引出下文說(shuō)明有分歧該如何做。故選E。20.根據(jù)下文"Itrequiresmuchmore,butmotivatingpeopleismostessential.Successfulteamworkingisnotmarkedbyhowmuchprogresstheteammakestowarditsgoals,butbyhowconfidentlyitsmemberscompletetheirtaskswithasenseofachievementandpride.(這需要更多，但激勵(lì)人們是最重要的。成功的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作不在于團(tuán)隊(duì)朝著目標(biāo)前進(jìn)了多少，而在于團(tuán)隊(duì)成員帶著成就感和自豪感自信地完成任務(wù)。)"可知，下文主要講述了成功的團(tuán)隊(duì)的特征。選項(xiàng)D"Teambuildingisn'tjustthrowingafewpeopletogether.(團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)不只是把幾個(gè)人聚在一起。)"中的notjust和下文的muchmore相呼應(yīng)，表明團(tuán)隊(duì)工作不僅僅是幾個(gè)人聚在一起，還在于激勵(lì)人們?yōu)榱俗约旱哪繕?biāo)而前進(jìn)等。故選D。第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用第一節(jié)21.答案：D解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：公共汽車上擠滿了既冷漠又疲憊的人，他們對(duì)彼此很生氣。A.satisfied滿意的；B.associated相關(guān)的；C.impressed印象深刻的；D.annoyed生氣的。根據(jù)上文"Someyearsago,Iwasstuckonacrosstownbusduringrushhour."和下文"Angerwasintheair"可知，因交通高峰期被堵在路上，公共汽車上擠滿了既冷漠又疲憊的人，他們對(duì)彼此很生氣。故選D。22.答案：C解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：兩名男子因無(wú)意推搡而互相吼叫。A.waved揮手；B.nodded點(diǎn)頭；C.barked吼叫；D.shot射擊。根據(jù)下文"anunintentionalpush"和"Angerwasintheair"可知，乘客都惱怒對(duì)方，兩名男子因無(wú)意推搡而互相吼叫。故選C。23.答案：B解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一位老婦人上了車，沒人給她讓座。A.reminder提醒；B.seat座位；C.ride乘坐；D.choice選擇。根據(jù)上文"Thebuswasfilledwithcold,tiredpeople"和"Anelderlywomangoton"可知，公共汽車上擠滿了既冷漠又疲憊的人，一位老婦人上了車，沒人給她讓座。故選B。24.答案：A解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：空氣中彌漫著憤怒；這里沒有慈悲可言。A.mercy慈悲；B.fortune好運(yùn)；C.courage勇氣；D.security安全。根據(jù)上文"Anelderlywomangoton,andnobodyofferedhera______"可知，這里沒有慈悲可言。故選A。25.答案：A解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道你們今天過得很艱難，很沮喪，但我會(huì)幫你們的。A.tough艱難的；B.average平均的；C.important重要的；D.fruitful富有成果的。根據(jù)上文"tiredpeople"可知，此處表示"我知道你們今天過得很艱難"。故選A。26.答案：C解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我知道你們今天過得很艱難，很沮喪，但我會(huì)幫你們的。A.makecomments評(píng)論；B.showup出現(xiàn)；C.helpout幫助……擺脫困難；D.takerisks冒險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)上文"youaredepressed"可知，此處表示"我會(huì)幫你們的"，空格處是"幫助……擺脫困難"，呼應(yīng)下文司機(jī)想辦法讓乘客們開心。故選C。27.答案：B解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)你們每個(gè)人下車前經(jīng)過的時(shí)候，把你們的煩惱丟在我的掌心。A.memories記憶；B.troubles煩惱；C.faults過錯(cuò)；D.tips建議。根據(jù)上文語(yǔ)境可知，疲憊的乘客們因堵車心煩意亂，導(dǎo)致車上彌漫著憤怒情緒，司機(jī)想緩和這種情況，所以司機(jī)是讓乘客把他們的煩惱丟在他的掌心。故選B。28.答案：D解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的路線正好經(jīng)過哈德遜河，我會(huì)把它們?nèi)舆M(jìn)河里。A.transform使轉(zhuǎn)化；B.stretch拉伸；C.accompany陪伴；D.cast扔。根據(jù)上文"dropyour______intomypalm"可知，此處表示把煩惱扔進(jìn)河里。故選D。29.答案：C解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每個(gè)人都笑了起來(lái)，臉上洋溢著喜悅的光彩。A.envy忌妒；B.greed貪婪；C.pleasure快樂；D.pride驕傲。根據(jù)上文"Everyoneburstoutlaughing"可知，每個(gè)人都笑了起來(lái)，臉上洋溢著喜悅的光彩。故選C。30.答案：B解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一直無(wú)視對(duì)方存在的乘客們突然互相笑了——這家伙是認(rèn)真的嗎？A.suspecting懷疑；B.ignoring忽視；C.expecting期待；D.appreciating感激。根據(jù)上文"Thebuswasfilledwithcold,tiredpeople