2016年成人高考-專升本-英語真題及答案解析-

2016年成人高考-專升本-英語真題及答案解析一、語音知識I.Phonetics(5points)Directions:Ineachofthefollowinggroupsofwords,therearefourunderlinedlettersorlettercombinationsmarkedA,B,CandD.Comparetheunderlinedpartsandidentifytheonethatisdifferentfromtheothersinpronunciation.MarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.1.A.vitalB.silentC.collideD.Fierce答案：D2.A.taughtB.caughtC.laughD.Fault答案：C3.A.receptionB.receiptC.captureD.Concept答案：B4.A.boomB.gooseC.floodD.Gloom答案：C5.A.fingerB.singerC.hangerD.Ringer答案：A二、詞匯與語法知識Ⅱ.VocabularyandStructure(15points)Directions..Thereare15incompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChooseoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.6.AsachildIusedtowashmyparents'cartoearnsome__money.A.paperB.easyC.privateD.Pocket答案：D解析：考查固定搭配。句意：在我還是小孩子的時候我就常常清洗我父母的汽車來掙點零花錢。pocketmoney意為“零花錢”，符合題意。papermoney紙幣；easy容易的；private私人的。7.AfterthebusydayI'vehad,Ineeda__drink.A.heavyB.sharpC.StrongD.Powerful答案：C解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：忙碌了一天后，我需要一杯烈性酒。strong(飲料等）濃的，烈性的，strongdrink意為“烈性酒”，符合題意。heavy沉重的；sharp鋒利的；powerful強有力的。8.Ifyou__stayedathome,thiswouldneverhavehappened.A.HaveB.HadC.willhaveD.wouldhave答案：B解析：考查虛擬語氣。句意:要是你待在家里的話，這件事就不會發(fā)生了。此處為if引導的虛擬條件句，主句的謂語為“would+have+過j分詞”形式，所以這里表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，if條件句中的謂語形式應為過去完成式形式，故選B。9.--Howmuchdidthissetoffurniturecost?--Iforgot__A.howmuchitcostsB.howmuchdiditcostC.howmuchitcostD.howmuchdoesitcost答案：C解析：考查賓語從句的語序。句句意:——這套家具花費了多少錢？ 我忘記花費多少錢了。forgot后為賓語從句，賓語從句必須用陳述句語序。由forgot可知，賓語從句的謂語動詞應為過去式形式，故選C。10.Wehadalongwaytogosowedecidedto__early.A.setonB.putonC.setoffD.putoff答案：C解析：考查詞組詞義辨析。句意：有很長一段路要走，所以我們決定早點出發(fā)。seton襲擊；puton穿上;setoff出發(fā)，起身；putoff推遲。11.__itisnothisresponsibilitytodothat,hesaidhewouldhelp.A.AlthoughB.AsC.SinceD.Unless答案：A解析：考查連詞詞義辨析。句意:盡管做那件事并不是他的職責所在，他仍說他會幫忙。although盡管，雖然，即使，表示讓步；as因為，表示原因；since因為，由于，表示原因；unless除非，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。12.Oneofthestrongesthurricanes__wastheFloridaKeysStormof1935,duringwhich500peoplewerekilled.A.torecordB.recordedC.recordingD.beingrecorded答案：B解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：有記載的最強的颶風之一是1935年的佛羅里達群島風暴，此風暴造成500人死亡。thestrongesthurricanes與record之間為被動關(guān)系，所以要用record的過去分詞形式，作thestrongesthurricanes的后置定語。13.Ms.Jolieisbeautifulandverytalented,andincontrolofherowncareer.A.basicallyB.remarkablyC.perfectlyD.Actively答案：B解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：朱莉女士美麗出眾，才華卓越，而且執(zhí)掌著自己的事業(yè)。basically基未地；remarkably非常地，顯著地；perfectly完全地，完美地；actively積極地。14.WhenJohnlefttheoffice,Amy__atherdesk.A.isstillworkingB.hasstillworkedC.hadstillworkingD.wasstillworking答案：D解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。約翰離開辦公室時，艾米仍然在工作。由時間狀語whenJohnlefttheoffice可知，謂語動詞時態(tài)應為過去進行時，表示過去某一時刻或某一時間段正在進行的動作，故選D。15.Youshouldlearnthroughfailures.Whydon'tyou__yourplanortryanewapproach?A.adjustB.repeatC.acceptD.Refuse答案：A解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:你應該從失敗中吸取教訓。為什么不調(diào)整你的計劃或嘗試一種新的方法呢？adjust調(diào)整；repeat重復；accept接受；refuse拒絕。16.ThecarpethassomanystainsonitthatitneedsA.replaceB.toreplaceC.beingreplacedD.tobereplaced答案：D解析：考查need的用法。句意：地毯上有如此多的污漬，需要被更換掉了。物作主語時，need的用法肴sth.needdoing或sth.needtobedone的形式，可以直接表示被動關(guān)系。D項符合題意，故選D。17.Isenthimthepackageyesterday.He__itbynow.A.mighthavereceivedB.receivedC.willreceiveD.Receives答案：A解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意：我昨天把包裹發(fā)給他了，到現(xiàn)在他可能已經(jīng)收到了。由時間狀語bynow及句意可知，此處應用現(xiàn)在完成時，且此處有猜測的含義，might可能，表示推測，故選A。18.Isthisthefactory__youvisitedtheotherday?A.whatB.whereC.ThatD.When答案：C解析：考查定語從句。句意：這是你前幾天參觀過的工廠嗎？that引導定語從句，修飾先行詞thefactory,且在從句中充當賓語，符合題意。19.Tomakethefish__nice,sheputinsomesugarandwinevinegar.A.tasteB.totasteC.tastedD.Tasting答案：A解析：考查make的用法。句意：為了使魚吃起來更美味，她放了一些糖和酒醋。make作使役動詞時，可跟復合結(jié)構(gòu)，即“make+賓語+賓語補足語”?！癿ake+賓語+dosth.”表示“使某人/某物……”，符合題意。20.Mydaughterrunsfasterthan__inherclass.Sherunsthefastest.A.aboyB.anyboyC.someboysD.mostboys答案：B解析：考查副詞的最高級。句意：我女兒比她們班里任何一個男孩都跑得快，她跑得最快。由后一句“Sherunsthefastest”可知，這里要表達的是最高級的意思?！氨容^級+than+any+單數(shù)名詞”形式可以表示最高級，故選B。三、完型填空Ⅲ.Cloze(30points)Directions:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethaismostsuitableandmarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Insomnia,or"poorsleep",canhavebadeffectsonaperson'shealthandgeneralwell-being.Itcan21onbothourphysicalandmentalhealthandcanleadtootherhealth22Insomniacanbetracedtomanydifferentreasons,butwhatis23tomostofsufferersistheirinabilitytorelaxfullyand"switchthemind24Constantthoughts,25aroundandaroundinthemind,movingfromone26tothenext,preventstillnessandpeaceand27asuffererextremelytired.Inordertotreatinsomnia28,itisfirstnecessarytoallowasufferertore-experience29realrelaxationfeellike.It’salmostasthoughthey‘veforgottenhowtorelax.Oncethishasbeen30____bythebrain,thenfastandeffective31canbemadetoreeducatetheunconscioustowardsallowingthepersontorelax32andtoallowanaturalstateofsleepto33，Hypnotherapy(催眠療法)isoneofthefastestandmosteffectivewaysof34thisgoalforlong-lastingresults.Sleepingpills,ifusedatall,shouldonlybeashort-term35astheireffectissoonreducedandtheirsideeffectscanbedeepandfar-reaching.21.A.harmB.affectC.changeD.Impact答案：D解析：詞義辨析題。此處表示“它能影響我們的身體和心理健康”。harm傷害；affect影響，為及物動詞，后面可直接跟名詞；change改走；impact影響，作不及物動詞時，可以加介詞on再跟名詞。故選D。22.A.demandsB.concernsC.ReasonsD.Questions答案：B解析：詞義辯析題。demands需求;reasons原因。concerns和questions都可以用來表示“問題”，但concerns一政表示關(guān)注的問題，questions—般表示說話者需要專找答案的問題，它常與動詞ask或answer連用。healthconcerns表示“健康問題”，符合題意。23.A.interestingB.sameC.commonD.Alike答案：C解析：詞義辨析題。此處意為：失眠可以追溯到許多不同的原因，對許多患者來說共同的是他們不能完全放松。interesting有趣的；same同樣的；common普遍的，共同的；alike相像。24.A.onB.offC.upD.Down答案：B解析：固定搭配題。此處表示“不能擺脫掉這種想法”，switchoff表示“關(guān)掉，失去興趣”，符合題意。25.A.gettingB.takingC.goingD.pulling答案：C解析：固定搭配題。goaroundandaroundinthemind表示“在腦海里翻來覆去”。26.A.imageB.dreamC.conceptD.Thought答案：D解析：理解推斷題。由前文中的constantthoughts可知，此處表示“從一個想法轉(zhuǎn)移到下一個想法”，thought意為“想法”，符合題意。27.A.causeB.leaveC.disturbD.lead答案：B解析：理解推斷題。此處表示“讓患者非常疲憊”，“l(fā)eave+賓語+形容詞”表示“使……處于某種狀態(tài)”，符合題意。28.AcarefullyBeasilyC.effectivelyD.Finally答案：C解析：詞義辨析題。此處表示“為了有效地治療失眠癥”，effectively意為“有效地”，符合題意。carefully小心地;easily容易地;finally最后。29.A.ifB.howC.whereD.What答案：D解析：理解推斷題。what引導賓語從句，且在從句中作feelslike的賓語，符合題意，故選D。30.A.rememberedB.pulledC.changedD.Printed答案：A解析：詞義辨析題。此處表示“一旦這被大腦記住're-member意為“記住”，符合題意。pull拉；change改變；print打印。31.A.scalesB.stepsC.methodsD.techniques答案：B解析：詞義辨析題。scale規(guī)模;step步驟，措施;method方法；technique技巧。根據(jù)題意，應選B。32.A.fullyB.recentlyC.silentlyD.Actively答案：A解析：詞義辨析題。此處表示“允許人們完全放松”，fully意為“完全地”，符合題意。recently最近；silently沉默地；actively積極地。33.A.appearB.showC.occurD.Realize答案：C解析：詞義辨析題。appear出現(xiàn)；show顯現(xiàn)；occur發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生；realize意識到。此處表示“使自然睡眠狀態(tài)產(chǎn)生”，故選C。34.A.achievingB.targetingC.keepingD.Aiming答案：A解析：詞義辨析題。此處表示“達成目標”，achieve意為“達到，完成”，符合題意。target以……為目標；keep保持;aim目的是。35.A.objectB.systemC.resultD.Strategy答案：D解析：詞義辨析題。此處表示“服用安眠藥是一個短期策略”，strategy意為“策略”，符合題意。object目標；system體系；result結(jié)果。四、閱讀理解Ⅳ.ReadingComprehension(60points)Directions：Therearefivereadingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfourquestions.ForeachquestiontherearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA，B，CandIChoosethebestanswerandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.PassageOneAlexiaSloane，alo一year-oldgirl，losthersightwhenshewastwofollowingabraindiseaseButdespiteherdisabilityshehasexcelledatlanguagesandisalreadyfluentinEnglish，F(xiàn)rench，SpanishandChinese。andislearningGerman.NowshehasexperiencedherdreamjobofworkingasaninterpreterafterEastofEnglandMEP(歐盟議員)RobertSturdyinvitedhertotheparliamentbuildinginBrussels，thusbecomingtheyoungestinterpretertoworkattheEuropeanParliament.“Shewasgivenaspecialpermittogetintothebuildin9，wherethereisusuallyaminimumagerequirementofl4.andsatinaboothlisteningandinterpretin9，”saidhermother，Isabelle.“Theotherinterpreterswereamazedathowwellshedidasthedebatewasquitecomplicatedandmanyofthewordswererathertechnical.”Alexiahasbeentri-lingualsincebirthashermother，ateacher，ishalfFrenchandhalfSpanish，whileherfather，Richard，isEnglish.Shestartedtalkingandcommunicatinginallthreelanguagesbeforeshelosthersightbutadaptedquicklytoherblindness.Bytheageoffour，shewasreadingandwritinginBraille(盲文).Whenshewassix。AlexiabegantolearnChinese.ThegirlisnowlearningGermanatschoolinCambridge.AlexiahasbeenlongingtobeaninterpretersinceshewassixandshechosetogototheEuropeanParliamentasherprizewhenshewonayoungachieveroftheyearaward.SheaskedifshecouldshadowinterpretersandMr.Sturdyagreedtotakeheralongashisguest.Alexiaworkedwiththeheadofinterpretingandhadarealtasteoflireinparliament.“Itwasfantasticandlmabsolutelydeterminednowtobecomeaninterpreter，shesaid.36.WhatdoesthepassagetellaboutAlexiaSloane?A.Sheisveryproudofherparents.B.Shehaslearnedfiveforeignlanguages.C.Sheisaquicklearneroflanguages.D.Shehasdifficultieswithlanguagelearning.答案：C解析：推理判斷題。由第一段第二句可知,AlexiaSloane擅長學習語言，她已經(jīng)學習了英語、法語、西班牙語和漢語，現(xiàn)在正在學習德語。由此可知，B、D兩項都不正確。而且由第一段也可知，她只有10歲，但已經(jīng)掌握了四種語言，可見她在語言方面學得很快，故選C。37.WhydidAlexianeedspecialpermissiontoentertheparliamentbuilding?A.Shewasnotinastateofgoodhealth.B.Shecouldnotaffordtheadmissionfees.C.Shedidnotmeettheagerequirement.D.Shedidnothaveanadulttoaccompanyher.答案：C解析：事實細節(jié)題。第三段第一句可知，進入議會大樓有年齡限制，最低要求年滿14歲，而AlexiaSloane只有10歲，不符合年齡要求，所以她需要得到特別的許可才進入議會大樓，故選C。38.WhatdidAlexiawanttodoaftershegottheaward?A.TotraveltootherEuropeancountries.B.TovisittheEuropeanParliament.C.Toapplyforapositioninthegovernment.D.TostudyGermanatCambridgeUniversity.答案：B解析：事實細節(jié)題。第五段第一句“…shechosetogototheEuropeanParliamentasherprizewhenshewonayoungachieveroftheyearaward.’’可知，當AlexiaSloane獲獎后她想去參觀歐洲議會，故選B。39.Thetoneofthepassagecanbebestdescribedas。A.CriticalB.admiringC.UnderstandingD.Doubtful答案：B解析：推理判斷題。由第一段第二句中的“shehasexcelledatlanguagesandisalreadyfluentinEnglish...”及下面段落的敘述可知，作者寫這篇文章充滿了贊賞之情，故選B。PassageTwoGenerationsofAmericanshavebeenbroughtuptobelievethatagoodbreakfastisessentialtoone'slife.Eatingbreakfastatthestartoftheday,wehavebeentold,andtoldagain,isasnecessaryasputtinggasolineinthefamilycarbeforestartingatrip.Butformanypeople,thethoughtoffoodasthefirstthinginthemorningisneverapleasureSodespitealltheefforts,theystilltakenobreakfast.Between1977and1983,thelatestyearforwhichfigurescouldbeobtained,thenumberofpeoplewhodidn'thavebreakfastincreasedby33%from8.8millionto11.7million--accordingtotheChicago-basedMarketResearchCorporationofAmerica.Forthosewhodislikeeatingbreakfast,however,thereissomegoodnews.Severalstudiesinthelastfewyearshaveshownthat,foradultsespecially,theremaybenothingwrongwithomittingbreakfast."Goingwithoutbreakfastdoesnotaffectwork,"saidArnoldE.Bender,formerprofessorofnutritionatQueenElizabethCollegeinLondon,"nordoesgivingpeoplebreakfastimprovework."Scientificevidencelinkingbreakfasttobetterhealthorbetterworkissurprisinglyinadequate(不充分),andmostoftherecentworkinvolveschildren,notadults."Theliterature,"saysoneresearcher,Dr.EarnestPoliteattheUniversityofTexas,"ispoor."40.Whichoftheseismentionedinthesecondparagraph?A.Thenumberofthepeoplewhoskipbreakfasthasincreased.B.Manypeoplefilltheircarswithgasolineinthemorning.C.8.8millionpeoplegotinvolvedinastudyoneatinghabits.D.Acompanycarriedoutaresearchin1983.答案：A解析：事實細節(jié)題。由第二段第一句“Between1997and1983...thenumberofpeoplewhodidn'thavebreak-fastincreasedby33%...”可知，不吃早飯的人數(shù)有所增加，故選A。41.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedpart?A.Havingbreakfastdoesnotimprovework,either.B.Givingpeoplebreakfastimproveswork.C.Goingwithoutbreakfastcanimprovework,too.D.Havingbreakfastdoesimprovework.答案：A解析：句意理解題。由第三段第二句“Goingwithoutbreakfastdoesnotaffectwork…nordoesgivingpeoplebreakfastimprovework.，”可知，不吃早飯不會影響工作，吃早餐也不會提高工作效率，故選A。42.Whatdoestheword"literature"inthelastsentencereferto?A.ModemAmericanliterature.B.Anyprintedmaterials.C.Writtenworksonasubject.D.Stories,poemsandplays.答案：C解析：推理判斷題。literature所在句的前一句指出，早餐與健康或工作有關(guān)的科學證據(jù)不充分，而且大部分最近的研究工作是有關(guān)兒童的，而不是有關(guān)成年人的。由此可推測，literature—詞指的是“（某學科的）文獻，資料”，故選C。43.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizesthewriter'sconclusionaboutthefunctionofbreakfast?A.Omittingbreakfasthelpsimprovework.B.Eatingbreakfastisabsolutelynecessary.C.Scientistshaveproducedsufficientevidenceinsupportofbreakfast.D.Thereisn'tstrongevidencetoprovethatbreakfastisamust.答案：D解析：推理判斷題。作者的觀點可從最后一段倒數(shù)第二句看出來，由這句話“Scientificevidencelinkingbreakfast...notadults.”可知，還沒有足夠的證據(jù)證明吃早餐對健康和工作有利，也就是說沒有足夠的證據(jù)證明吃早餐是必要的，故選D。PassageThreeWhenyoustretchoutinthesunyoucandooneofthethreethings:youcanusenosuntanoil,anordinarysuntanoil;orBergasol.Ifyoudon'tuseanysuntanoilwhenyou'reinthesun,youwillburnsurprisinglyquickly.Ifyouuseanordinarysuntanoil,youwillprotectyourskintoalesserorgreaterdegree.Howmuchprotectiondependsonthe"protection-factornumber"onthebottle.Someoilsblockoutsomanyofthesun'sraysandyoucanstayinthesunalldaywithoutburningbutyouwon'tgoverybrown,either.Bergasolwillprotectyourskinlikeanordinarysuntanoil.Italsohasatanacceleratorthatspeedsuptherateatwhichthesunactivatestheskincellsthatproducemelanin(黑色素).Itismelaninthatgivestheskinitsbrowncolour.Bergasolenablesyoutogobrownfaster,amasthedayspassthedifferencewillbecomemoreobvious.Unfortunately,thisspecialformulationisn'tCheaptoprepare.SoBergasolisrathermoreexpensivethanordinarysuntanoil.However,thepricelooksmoreattractiveasyoudo.BergasoiItmakesyougobrownfasterProtectionManypeopleimaginethat"cover-up"meansyoudon'tgetatan.Nothingtoshowforyourholiday.Notso.With"cover-up",youcangetbrownifyouwantto.Thepointof"cover-up"istoprotectyourskinfromtheharmfulraysofthesunwhich,accordingtotheexperts,makeyourskinlookolder.That'swhatSolexCover-upisallabout--protectionforyourskin.IthasaSunProtectionFactor8,whichmakesitsuitableforanyone.FindouthowitworksforyoubyconsultingtheSolexSunChart.OnsalewhereverSolexis.WithSolexCover-up,youcantanasslowlyasyoulike.Asgentlyasyoulike.Andwithmuchlesschanceofpeeling.Yourtanwilllookbetter.Yourskinwillstayyounglonger.SolexGentletan..,fullprotection44.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondadvertisement?A.Itiseasytogetasuntaninsummer.B.Suntanisregardedasasignofprotection.C.Sunlightcouldmakeonelookolder.D.Everyonewantstogetasuntanfromholiday.答案：C解析：推理判斷題。由第二個廣告的第二段最后一句“…theharmfulraysofthesunwhich...makeyourskinlookolder.”可知，太陽的有害射線能使人的皮膚看起來更蒼老，故選C。45.WhyisSolexsuitableforeveryone?A.Itspriceismoreattractive.B.Itcanbeusedtorelievesunburn.C.Itcanmaketheskincellsmoreactive.D.Ithasamildprotectionfactor.答案：D解析：事實細節(jié)題。由第二個廣告的第三段第二句“IthasaSunProtectionFactor8,whichmakesitsuit-ableforanyone.”可知,Solex所含的保護成分使得它適合每個人使用，故選D。46.ComparedwithSolex,Bergasol.A.helpsonegobrownmorequicklyB.betterprotectsone'sskinC.ismorecompetitiveinpriceD.isabettersuntanoil答案：A解析：事實細節(jié)題。由第一個廣告的第三段最后一句“enablesyoutogobrownfaster...”及最后的宣傳語“Itmakesyougobrownfaster”可知，Bergasol可使人的皮膚迅速呈現(xiàn)棕色，故選A。47.WhatisthemostattractivefeatureofSolexCover-up?A.Ithelpsonegetamorebeautifultan.B.Itisoftenonsaleinsupermarkets.C.Itblocksoutmoresun'sraysthanotheroils.D.Ithelpsonetangraduallyandgently.答案：D解析：事實細節(jié)題。由第二個廣告的第四段第一、二句'"WithSolexCover-up,youcantanasslowlyasyoulike.Asgentlyasyoulike.”可知，SolexCowr-up吸引人的地方在于它能幫助人逐漸并且溫和地曬成棕色，故選D。PassageFourIdeasaboutpolitebehaviourdifferfromoneculturetoanother.Somesocieties,suchasAmericaandAustralia,forexample,aremobileandveryopen.Peopleherechangejobsandmovehousequiteoften.Asamresult,theyhavealotofrelationshipsthatoftenlastonlymashorttime,andtheyneedtogettoknowpeoplequickly.Soit'snormaltohavefriendlyconversationswithpeoplethattheyhavejustmet,andyoucantalkaboutthingsthatothercultureswouldregardaspersonal.Ontheotherhand,therearemorecrowdedandlessmobilesocietieswherelong-termrelationshipsaremoreimportant.AMalaysianorMexicanbusinessperson,forexample,willwanttogettoknowyouverywellbeforeheorshefeelshappytostartbusiness.Butwhenyoudogettoknoweachother,therelationshipbecomesmuchdeeperthanitwouldinamobilesociety.ToAmericans,bothEuropeansandAsiansseemcoolandformalatfirst.Ontheotherhand,asapassengerfromalessmobilesocietyputsit,it'snofunspendingseveralhoursnexttoastrangerwhowantstotellyouallabouthisorherlifeandasksyouallsortsofquestionsthatyoudon'twanttoanswer.Cross-culturaldifferencesaren'tjustaproblemfortravelers,butalsoforpeopleindailylife.Somesocietieshave"universalist''cultures.Thesesocietiesstronglyrespectrules,andtheytreateverypersonandsituationinbasicallythesameway."Particularist"(強調(diào)特性的)societiesalsohaverules,buttheyarelessimportantthanthesociety'sunwrittenideasaboutwhatisrightorwrongforaparticularsituationoraparticularperson.Sothenormalrulesarechangedtofittheneedsofthesituationortheimportanceoftheperson.48.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph1?A.Peoplefromamobilesocietydisliketalkingaboutpersonalaffairs.B.Short-termrelationshipsarecommoninamobilesociety.C.Americanstendtomakemorefriendsthanpeoplefromothercultures.D.ItisdifficultforAmericansandAustralianstocommunicatewithstrangers答案：B解析：事實細節(jié)題。由第一段第三、四句“Peopleherechangejobs…theyhavealotofrelationshipsthatoftenlastonlyashorttime…”可知，在流動性的社會，人們之間短期關(guān)系的存在是很普遍的，故選B。49.WhodoMalaysiansprefertostartbusinesswithaccordingtothepassage?A.Thosewhotalkalotaboutthemselves.B.Thosewhotheyknowwellenough.C.Thosewhoenjoytalkingwithstrangers.D.Thosewhowanttodobusinesswiththem.答案：B解析：事實細節(jié)題。由第二段第二句“AMalaysianorMexicanbusinessperson...heorshefeelshappytostartbusiness”可知，馬來西亞商人在與他人做生意之前想先對對方有所了解，也就是說，他更愿意與他熟悉的人做生意，故選B。50.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherulesin"particularist"societies?A.Theychangetofitdifferentsituations.B.Peoplerespectandobeythemcompletely.C.Theydon'texist.D.Nooneobeysthem.答案：A解析：事實細節(jié)題。由第四段最后兩句“‘Particularist’…thenormalrulesarechangedtofittheneedsofthesituationortheimportanceoftheperson.’’可知，強調(diào)特性的社會也有規(guī)矩，但這些規(guī)矩可以改變以適應環(huán)境的需要或適應人物重要性的需要，故選A。51.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Politebehaviourvarieswithdifferentcultures.B.Lessmobilesocietieshavefewerrules.C.Peoplefrommobilesocietiesaremorepolite.D.Culturaldifferencesareimportant.答案：A解析：主旨大意題。文章第一句就點明了主旨，即對禮貌行為的觀點隨著文化的不同而有所不同，接下來以實例證明了這種說法，所以本題應選A。PassageFiveClaude-OscarMonet(1840--1926)wasaFrenchartistandaleadingmemberoftheImpressionistgroupofpainters.BorninParis,MonetspenthischildhoodinLeHavre.Therehemetalocalartist,EugeneBoudin.Whoencouragedhimtobecomealandscapepainter.In1859,MonetwenttoParistostudyattheAcademieSuisse.Between1860and1862,MonetservedinthearmyinAlgeria(阿爾及利亞).HereturnedtoPariswherehemetmostofthemajorartistsoftheera.In1870,MonetmarriedCamilleDoncieux.ToescapetheFranco-Prnssianwar,theymovedtoLondonBacktoFrance,theysettledatArgenteuil,aboatingcentreontheSeine(塞納河)whichdrewmanyotherImpressionistpainters.WorkingfromnaturewasaparticularsymboloftheImpressionistmovement,andonethatMonetvalued,reflectinginhispaintingstheever-changingimpactoflightandweatherconditions.In1872,hevisitedLeHavrewherehepainted"AnImpression,Sunrise".Whenexhibitedin1874,partofitstitlewasusedbyacritictolabelthewholemovement"Impressionism".Monet'swifediedin1879,andhesetuphomewithAliceHoschede,thewifeofoneofhismostimportantsponsors.Duringthe1880s,MonettraveledthroughFrancepaintingavarietyoflandscapes.Hegraduallybecamebetterknownandforthelast30yearsofhislifehewasregardedasthegreatestoftheImpressionists.From1890hebegantopaintaseries(系列)ofpicturesofonesubject,including"Haystacks""RouenCathedral"and"Waterlilies".ThelatterwerepaintedinthefinegardenMonetcreatedathishouseatGiverny,wherehelivedfrom1883on.Hepaintedthemoverandoveragain,mostsignificantlyinaseriesespeciallyforamuseuminParis.52.Monetwasintroducedtoart.A.byanartistinhischildhoodB.byhisfatherinLeHavreC.duringhisshortstayinAlgeriaD.duringhisvisittoParis答案：A解析：事實細節(jié)題。由第一段最后一句“Therehemetalocalartist...encouragedhimtobecomealandscapepainter.”可知，Monet是小時候受到當?shù)匾晃划嫾业墓膭畈沤佑|繪畫的，故選A。53.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.ImpressionismwasborninLondon.B.MonetwasoneofthesponsorsofImpressionC.ArgenteuilwasthebirthplaceofmanyimpressionistsD.Impressionistpaintingsaremainlybasedonnature答案：D解析：事實細節(jié)題。由第三段最后一句“WorkingfromnaturewasaparticularsymboloftheImpressionistmovement...”可知，從自然入手是印象派運動的典型象征，也就是說，印象派畫作主要是以自然為基礎(chǔ)的，故選D。54.Whatissaidaboutthepainting"AnImpression,Sunrise"?A.ItestablishedMonet's