Unit 4 Journey across a Vast Land 現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別 人教版（2019）選擇性必修二

Unit4JourneyAcrossAVastLandPeriodIII-Discoverusefulstructures過去分詞vs.現(xiàn)在分詞如果句中已經(jīng)存在一個_______動詞，那么在沒有_____________的情況下，這個句子就是

______句，那么,另一個動詞要選用______動詞。Revision謂語連詞或引導(dǎo)詞簡單非謂語使用非謂語動詞的條件：判斷下列句子應(yīng)使用謂語還是非謂語動詞（1）Thebook__________(write)bySanMao.（2）Ilikereadingthenovels________(write)bySanMao（3）He_____(go)intotheclassroom,openedhisbookandwroteontheblackboard.（4）Althoughitiswinternow,thetreeintheschoolcampus____(look)beautiful.（5）Thegirlthatlivesinthecity_____(make)aphonecalltothefarmeryesterday.（6）Shegotoffthebus,but_____(leave)herbookinthebus.（7）Shegotoffthebus,______(hold)herbook.（8）_______(drive)byaburningdesireforadventure,LiMinglefthomeandstartedtotravelaroundhisearlytwentieswaswrittenwrittenwentlooksmadeleftholdingDriven確定謂語動詞or非謂語動詞？填非謂語動詞：句子中已有_________且無______________。判斷非謂語動詞的形式：12Summary謂語動詞連詞或引導(dǎo)詞目的、將來，用_________主動、進(jìn)行，用_________被動、完成，用_________tododoingdone【探究感知】觀察以下課文原句并思考黑體部分的功能:1.Seenfromthetrainwindow,themountainsandforestsofCanadalookedmassive.2.Lookingatthebeautifulscenery,theybothagreedthatitwasthemostawesomejourneytheyhadevertaken.3.Totally

touched,shefailedtoutterasingleword,tearsblurringhereyes.4.Thethoughtofcrossingthewholecountrybyrailwasexciting.【要義精析】一、系動詞be/get/feel/remain/seem/look/become+過去分詞（表語-主語狀態(tài)）Itwillundoubtedlyhelpyouget

refreshed!它無疑會幫助你精神煥發(fā)!Ⅰ.過去分詞作表語二、過去分詞作表語時與被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別*Thecupisbroken.杯子碎了。*Thecupwasbroken

by

Tom.杯子是湯姆打碎的。表語：狀態(tài)被動：動作【即學(xué)活用】語法填空/翻譯句子(1)Talkingwithothersaboutourpressurecanmakeusfeel________(relax).(2)Theythinkthatitisawasteoftimeandwemayget________(injure)intheprocess.relaxedinjured【要義精析】三.過去分詞與動詞-ing作表語的區(qū)別*與感覺有關(guān)的動詞：·過去分詞：人感覺...的(飾人、聲音或表情等);·過去分詞：令人....(飾物);exciting令人激動的excited激動的，興奮的surprising令人驚訝的surprised驚訝的encouraging令人鼓舞的encouraged受到鼓舞的frightening令人驚恐的frightened受驚的interesting令人感興趣的interested感興趣的moving令人感動的moved感動的pleasing令人高興的pleased高興的shocking令人震驚的shocked震驚的tiring令人勞累的tired感到勞累的worrying令人擔(dān)心的worried擔(dān)心的satisfying令人滿意的satisfied滿意的puzzling令人迷惑的puzzled迷惑的Readandmemorize【即學(xué)活用】

用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)The__________lookonherfacesuggestedthatshewas_______bythe___________scene.(frighten)(2)Thesceneis________,andI’mvery________atpresent.(excite)(3)Whathedidis___________,soI’m___________bywhathedid.(encourage)(4)Theaudiencewereall_______totearsbythe________film.(move)(5)(應(yīng)用文之推薦信)Idobelieveyouarecertainlytobe________bythe_________sceneryofMountTai.(amaze)frightenedfrightenedfrighteningexcitingexcitedencouragingencouragedmovedmovingamazedamazing目標(biāo)一:Tocomparetheuseandfunctionofthepastparticipleswiththe-ingformsActivity1:FillineachblankwiththecorrectformofaverbfromtheboxthentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.seefrightenheadamaze1Thegirlswere______toseesuchanopencountry.Thefarmscoveredaverylargearea,whichwas_________.2Goingintothewildernessalonecanbe__________.Doyoufeel___________whengoingintothewildernessalone?3______fromthetopofthemountain,thescenerywasreallyfascinating.______thesceneryfromthetopofthemountain,Iwasfascinatedbytheautumncolours.4_________eastwards,youwillpasstheCanadianRockies.Finally,thecompany—______byitsnewmanager—startedtomakeaprofit.amazedamazingfrighteningfrightenedSeenSeeingHeadingheadedtextbookP41練習(xí)1.1姑娘們看到如此廣袤的國家甚為驚訝。

這些農(nóng)場面積之大令人驚訝。2獨自一人進(jìn)入荒野令人恐懼。

你一個人進(jìn)入荒野感到恐懼嗎？3從山頂往下望，景色令人著迷。

我在山頂看風(fēng)景，被秋天絢爛的色彩深深吸引。4往東，你會經(jīng)過加拿大落基山脈。

最終，在新經(jīng)理的帶領(lǐng)下，公司開始盈利。目標(biāo)二：Tousethepastparticiplesand-ingformscorrectlyActivity1:

Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.ThentranslatethesentencesintoChineseandsaytheuseofthe-edand-ingforms.1Webecame_______whenthinkingaboutthosebeautifullocationsinFinland.Weexpectedtoexperiencealotof_______thingsthere.2Wewenttobedassoonaswearrivedatthehotelbecausewewereso_______.Theeight-hourtrainridewasquite_______.3Iwasnot_______withthehotel.ItwasnotascleanasIhadexpected.Butwehada_______mealatthehotel'srestaurant,soIfeltabitbetterlateron.4Itwasraininghardthenextday,sowejuststayedinthehotelandwatchedTV.Sadly,theTVprogrammesthatdaywerereally_______.Aswehadnothingelsetodo,wefeltpretty_______.boreexcitetiresatisfyexcitedexcitingtiredtiringsatisfiedsatisfyingboringboredtextbookP41練習(xí)2.1想到芬蘭那些美麗的地方我們激動起來。我們期待在那里體驗

很多令人激動的事情。2由于疲乏，我們一到賓館就上床休息了。長達(dá)八小時的火車行程

令人疲憊不堪。3我對這家賓館不滿意，它的衛(wèi)生狀況沒有達(dá)到我的預(yù)期。不過

我們在賓館餐廳吃的那頓飯令人滿意，因此后來我感覺好一些了。4第二天下起了大雨，因此我們只是待在賓館看電視。不幸的是，

當(dāng)天的電視節(jié)目索然無趣。我們無所事事，感覺百無聊賴?，F(xiàn)在分詞(V-ing)和過去分詞(V-ed)作狀語youwillfindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.thecitylookslikeabiggarden.thegirlwasveryhappy.theywenttobed.when/how?when/how?when/why?when/why?Seeingfromthehill,Seenfromthehill,Havingfinishedhishomework,區(qū)別：過去分詞與句子的主語之間存在邏輯上的______關(guān)系,即表示被動;動詞-ing與句子的主語之間存在邏輯上的_______關(guān)系,即表示主動。動賓主謂Encouragedbytheteacher,作用：分詞在句中作狀語時,修飾謂語動詞或整個句子，說明動作發(fā)生的__________________________伴隨、結(jié)果、讓步情況等，其邏輯主語是句子的主語。相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句或and連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)時間、原因、條件、方式、分詞作狀語記憶口訣分詞作狀語，主語是問題。前后兩動作，共用一主語。主語找出后，再來判關(guān)系。主動用-ing,被動用-ed。havingdone表先后，千萬要牢記。?過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語的區(qū)別·過去分詞與句子的主語存在邏輯上的被動關(guān)系

（被動/主語狀態(tài)）·現(xiàn)在分詞與句子的主語存在邏輯上的主動關(guān)系（主動/進(jìn)行/習(xí)慣）*Thecoldsoondrovehisgeeseintothebarn,followedbytheswans.*Delightedandexcited,weenteredthetrackfield,followingourleader.【即學(xué)活用】語法填空(1)________(locate)inthecitycenter,ourschoolenjoysgreatpopularity.(2)Gradually,Iadjustedmyself,_________(follow)Aunt’sinstructions.LocatedfollowingUsingthebook,Ifinditveryuseful.(主謂關(guān)系)在使用這本書時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)它很有用。注意：無論是現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，其邏輯主語必須和句子的主語一致。如果不一致，則必須用狀語從句、獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)等其他表達(dá)形式。Ifcaught,thepolicewillpunishthethief.(

)Ifcaught,thethiefwillbepunishedbythepolice.(

)Ifthethiefiscaught,thepolicewillpunishhim/her.(

)×√

√

【要義精析】Ⅱ.過去分詞作狀語相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句，可以表示時間、讓步、條件、原因、方式和結(jié)果1.作時間狀語（可在分詞前加上連詞“when,while,until”,使意義更明確）Asked

whether

he

could

do

me

a

favor,heagreedreadily.→When

he

was

asked

whether

he

could

do

me

a

favor,heagreedreadily.【要義精析】2.作原因狀語（相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句或并列句）Frozen

in

a

panic,IhadnoideawhattodowhenIheardasweetvoicebehindme.→Because

I

was

frozen

in

a

panic,IhadnoideawhattodowhenIheardasweetvoicebehindme.【要義精析】3.作條件狀語（可加連詞if,unless等轉(zhuǎn)換成條件狀語從句）Given

the

right

to

deal

with

their

own

money,childrenwillhaveagreatopportunitytoestablishaclearideaoffinancialmanagement.→If

children

are

given

the

right

to

deal

with

their

own

money,theywillhaveagreatopportunitytoestablishaclearideaoffinancialmanagement.4.作讓步狀語（可加although,though,evenif,eventhough,whether...or等連詞轉(zhuǎn)換成讓步狀語從句）Though

exhausted

with

sweat,weallcheeredwithgreatjoy.→Though

we

were

exhausted

with

sweat,weallcheeredwithgreatjoy.5.作方式、伴隨狀語（相當(dāng)于and連接的并列句）Therewillbelecturesontheimportanceofreading,followedbybookreviewspresentedbystudentsreaders.→Therewillbelecturesontheimportanceofreading,and

they

are

followedbybookreviewspresentedbystudentsreaders.注意1：有些過去分詞源于系表結(jié)構(gòu),作狀語不強調(diào)被動而重在描述主語的狀態(tài).常見的分詞/短語有:lost:迷路;seated:坐;hidden:躲著lost/absorbedin:沉溺于;dressedin:穿著;tiredof:厭煩*Lost

in

thought,hedidn’thearthebell.*Seated

in

thechairatthewindow,theoldladyfeltataloss.?獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：邏輯主語+過去分詞

（可表示時間、原因、條件等）“That’sprettyanditlookswarm,”theladycriedexcitedly,her

eyes

filled

with

tears

of

gratitude.__________________________,shedidn’thearthesound.由于陷入沉思，所以她沒有聽到那個聲音。____________________________,shelooksverybeautiful.穿著一件新衣服，她看上去很漂亮。Lost/AbsorbedindeepthoughtDressedinanewdress1.__________(give)himthechance,Ididn’tfeelregretful.2.____________(consider)oneofthesevenworldwonders,theGreatWallattractmillionsoftouristseveryyear.3.Frankly_________(speak),Idolovehim.speaking注意2：given(鑒于)/considering(考慮到)/judgingfrom等可獨立引導(dǎo)句子，作用相當(dāng)于介、連詞GivingConsidered4.________(give)thathehasworkedforawholeday,hedeservestohavearest.5.____________(consider)thesituation,hedecidedtotellthetruth.GivenConsidering有些分詞或不定式短語作狀語,其形式的選擇不受上下文的影響。常見的有:一般來說坦白地說根據(jù)……來判斷考慮到……generallyspeakingfranklyspeaking/tobefrankjudgingfrom/by...considering.../taking...intoconsiderationConcerning/Regarding關(guān)于，有關(guān)Talkingof...談到…鑒于/由于……假設(shè),如果假使seeing...Supposing/Suppose...assuminggivenProviding..../provided(that...)說實話totellyouthetruth/tobehonesttomakematters/thingsworse長話短說tocutalongstoryshort坦率地說tobefrank更糟糕的是Judgingfrom/byhisfaciallook,thenewsmustbeterrible.

Provided/Providingthatthereissufficienttime,everyonecandothejobbetter.1.嚴(yán)格地講，誰也不允許在這兒。2.從他的面部表情來判斷，這個消息肯定特別可怕。Strictlyspeaking,nobodyisallowedhere.3.只要有充足的時間，每個人都可以把這個動作做的更好。翻譯下列句子

用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①Theteachersstoodthere________

(talk)，___________

(surround)bythestudents.②_______

(see)thecat,themouseranoff.③______________

(wait)forhours,heleftindisappointment.talkingsurrounded

Seeing

Havingwaited

注意3：havingdone表示分詞動作先于謂語動詞發(fā)生Complete

the

sentences1

________________in

England

for

many

years,

he

can

speak

very

good

English.

(live)2.

_______________

this

wonderful

TV,

I

decided

to

buy

it

at

once

（see）3.

_______________

the

room,

I

found

the

recorder

stolen.

(enter)4

_________________

all

day

at

home

writing,

the

writer

went

out

for

a

walk

in

the

evening.

(spend)Having

livedSeeingEnteringHaving

spentExercise1.Shewatchedthefilm,________(weep)and_______(sigh).2.Theteacherstoodthere,_________(surround)byalotofstudents.3.Thestormleft,_______(cause)alotofdamagetothisarea.4.Shefelloffthebike,_________(break)herleftleg.5._______(see)fromthehill,thecityisbeautiful.6._______(see)fromthehill,youcanseethewholecity.7._______(lose)inthought,healmostranintoapost.

weepingsighingsurroundedcausingbreakingSeenSeeingLost8._____________(use)formanyyears,thebikeneedsrepairing.9._____________(fail)severaltimes,thescientiststillkeptonmakinghisexperiments.HavingbeenusedHavingfailed10.________(face)withadifficultsituation，Arnolddecidedtoaskhisbossforadvice.Faced11.________(face)adifficultsituation，Arnolddecidedtoaskhisbossforadvice.Facing12.________(absorb)inreading,wealldidn’thearthesound.Absorbed13.Properamountsofexercise,if________(carry)outregularly,canimproveourhealth.carried14.Thefanswaitedoutsidethemalljust_________(buy)thenewestmobilephones.tobuy15.Hewentfromdoortodoor,________(gather)wastepapersandmagazines.gathering16.Myshoes___________(remove),Ienteredalow-ceilingedroom.removed【即學(xué)活用】語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換(1)_________(satisfy)withwhatIdid,myteacherpraisedmeinclass.(2)Officially________(open)inJune2016,itisthesixthDisneythemeparkintheworld.Satisfiedopened(3)(讀后續(xù)寫之動作描寫)Eventually,usingawalker,Mombegantotakewalksthroughthehouse,_________(follow)byOtto.(4)________(write)byCaoXueqin,Dream

of

the

Red

ChamberisoneofthefourmasterpiecesofnovelsinChina.(5)(讀后續(xù)寫之動作描寫)Hiseyes______(fill)withtears,EastonrangthedoorbellandthankedOfficerMatthewagain.followedWrittenfilled(6)Aftertheywerediscussedmanytimes,theproblemsweresettledatlast.→____________________,theproblemsweresettledatlast.

(7)Givenmoreattention,thefirecouldhavebeenavoided.→___________________________,thefirecouldhavebeenavoided.

DiscussedmanytimesIfitwasgivenmoreattention(8)Althoughshewasleftaloneathome,Jennydidn’tfeelafraidatall.→_________________,Jennydidn’tfeelafraidatall.

(9)Surroundedbyhisstudents,theteacherwentintothelab.→Theteacher__________________________andhewentintothelab.

(10)Becausetheyweredeeplymovedbythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.→________________________,thechildrenbegantocry.

LeftaloneathomewassurroundedbyhisstudentsDeeplymovedbythestory【即學(xué)活用】語法填空(3)(應(yīng)用文之倡議書)_______(face)withthissituation,weappealtoallthestudentstoavoidaddictiontotheInternetandtreasureourlives.(4)Doingsomehouseworkisaperfectwaytoshowourloveforparents,_______(give)themmoretimetodowhattheylike.(5)(讀后續(xù)寫之動作描寫)_______(seize)byanawfulfeeling,Rosequicklypulledthecellphoneoutofherpocketanddialed911.(6)NotonlyamIaqualifiedEnglishlearner,butI’malsoknowledgeable,________(make)meapotentialcompetitor.FacedgivingSeizedmakingP41練習(xí)3.即學(xué)即練Example:Step1切分主句與改寫部分Step2找到改寫部分的動詞Step3找到邏輯主語Step4確定主被動關(guān)系改寫部分主句部分時間狀語被動關(guān)系即學(xué)即練P41練習(xí)3.Activity2:

Task1Lookatthesentences,discussingroupandsummarizethemethodsofsentencetransformation.EXAMPLEWhenpeopleaskedthemanwhatthetripmeanttohim,hesaiditwas"anexperienceofalifetime".→Whenaskedwhatthetripmeanttohim,themansaiditwas“anexperi