安徽省合肥市合肥六校聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省合肥市合肥六校聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AHopeBookClubAbookclubisasmallgroupofpersonsthatarereadingthesamebookinordertosharedifferentfeelingsandopinionsaboutthebook.Thebookclubmeetsonceamonthforanhouroflivelydiscussion.Allstudents(3+),teachersandparentsarewelcome!Hereyoucandiscoveranewworld,learnnewideasandmakenewfriends!Whatyoushoulddo:★Youwillreadthebookaloneandthendiscussyourreadinginthebookclub.★Youmustkeepupwithyourreadingsothatyoucanjoinasapartofyourgroup.Thebookclubwilldecidewhatpagesorchapters(章節(jié))youwillread.Youshouldtakedownnotesandthoughtsasyouread.Everyoneinthebookclubisexpectedtojoininthediscussion.Moretips:Keepourplaceclean.Nopetsandnosmoking.Takegoodcareofbooksandreturnthemontime.Youmustaskforleaveifyoucannotjoininthediscussion.Fees:Kidsfrom3-7:Free;Kidsfrom8-18:10dollarsamonth;Adults:15dollarsamonth.Ifyouareinterested,call487-256-656or487-266-545,sendanemailtohopebook@yahoo.comorvisitourwebsiteatwww.hopebookclub.com.1.Howmuchshouldacouplewitha9-year-oldsonpayforbeingintheclubforamonth?A.30dollars. B.25dollars. C.40dollars. D.50dollars.2.Whatarerequiredintheclub?A.Keepingtheenvironmenttidy.B.Takingcareofyourpets.C.Keepingsilentwhendiscussing.D.Decidingwhateverpagesorchapterstoread.3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Youcankeepthebooksaslongasyoulike.B.Booksaren’tallowedtobetakenoutoftheclub.C.Themembersintheclubhavetotakedowntheirideas.D.Youcanchooseyourfavoritebookstoreadintheclub.【答案】1.C2.A3.C【語篇解讀】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個讀書俱樂部的情況，閱讀要求以及收費(fèi)信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Fees部分的“Kidsfrom8-18:10dollarsamonth;Adults:15dollarsamonth(8-18歲的孩子每月10美元，成人每月15美元)”可知，一對夫婦(兩個成人)和他們9歲的兒子(一個孩子)加入俱樂部一個月的費(fèi)用是15×2+10=40美元。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Moretips部分的“Keepourplaceclean.(保持我們的地方干凈)”可知，需要保持環(huán)境整潔。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whatyoushoulddo部分的“Youshouldtakedownnotesandthoughtsasyouread.(你應(yīng)該在閱讀時記下筆記和想法)”可知，讀書時需要記筆記，記下自己的想法。故選C。BMarieVanBrittanBrown,anAfricanAmericannurselivinginJamaica,Queensinthe1960s,wasworkinginshifts,aswasherhusband,Albert,anelectronicstechnician.Whenshearrivedhomelate,shesometimesfeltafraid.SeriouscrimesinQueensjumpednearly32percentfrom1960to1965,andpolicewereslowtorespondtoemergencycalls.Mariewantedtofeelsaferathome.Withthehelpofherhusband,Marieimaginedadevicethatcouldbeattachedtothefrontdoor.Itwouldofferfoursmallholes,andthroughthese,avideocameraontheinsidecouldviewvisitorsofdifferentheightsasthehostturnedthecameraupanddown.Thecamerawasconnectedtoatelevisionmonitorinside.Amicrophoneontheoutsideofthedoorandaspeakerinsideallowedthehosttointerrogateavisitor,whileanalarmcouldinformpoliceviaradio.Closed-circuittelevision(CCTV),inventedduringWorldWarIIformilitaryuse,wasnotwidespreadinthe1960s,andtheBrownsproposedusingthetechnologytocreatethefirstmodernhomesecuritysystem.Theyfiledapatentfortheirdevicein1966,citing(提及)Marieastheleadinventor.Itwasapprovedthreeyearslater.“Theequipmentisnotinproduction,”TheNewYorkTimesreported,“buttheBrownshopetointerestmanufacturersandhomebuilders.”Thatneverhappened.“Thecostofinstalling(安裝)itwidelywouldbeprettyhigh,”saysRobertMcCrie,anemergencymanagementexpertatJohnJayCollegeofCriminalJusticeinManhattan.Marie’sinvention,thoughitdidn’tbenefitthemfinancially,wouldearntheBrownsameasureofrecognitioninthetechnologyworld:Thepredecessor(前身)oftoday’shomesecuritysystems,ithasbeencited(引用)in35U.S.patents.4.WhatcanbelearnedaboutMarie?A.Shelivedinadangerousneighborhood. B.Sheworkedasanelectronicstechnician.C.Shewenthomewithherhusbandeveryday. D.Shewasafraidofmakinganemergencycall.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“interrogate”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Attract. B.Frighten. C.Welcome. D.Question.6.WhatwastheproblemwiththeBrowns’system?A.Itwasconsideredtobeasillyinvention. B.Itwasthoughtlittleofbythethenpolice.C.Itwastooexpensivetobemass-produced. D.Itwasillegaltobeusedbyordinarypeople.7.WhatcanwesayaboutMarieandherhusband?A.TheycontributedalottoCCTV. B.Theyweregenerousandresponsible.C.Theyhelpedreducecrimeinthe1960s. D.Theywereintelligentandworthyofrespect.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.D【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要講述瑪麗和她的丈夫因為住在犯罪率較高的社區(qū)，就想有個安全的居住環(huán)境，而設(shè)計了一款設(shè)備?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“SeriouscrimesinQueensjumpednearly32percentfrom1960to1965,andpolicewereslowtorespondtoemergencycalls.Mariewantedtofeelsaferathome.”（皇后區(qū)的嚴(yán)重的犯罪從1960到1965年跳了將近32%，并且警察出警的速度很慢?，旣愊朐诩依锔械礁踩c(diǎn)。）可知，瑪麗住的社區(qū)不安全。故選A?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)這句話“Amicrophoneontheoutsideofthedoorandaspeakerinsideallowedthehosttointerrogateavisitor,whileanalarmcouldinformpoliceviaradio.”（門外面的話筒和門內(nèi)的揚(yáng)聲器允許主人interrogate來訪者，同時警鈴可以通過無線電通知警察。）可知，interrogate是及物動詞，avisitor是它的賓語。根據(jù)上文的Amicrophoneontheoutsideofthedoorandaspeakerinside可知，門外面的話筒和門內(nèi)的揚(yáng)聲器都是可以傳達(dá)聲音的設(shè)備，所以就可以讓家里的主人通過這些設(shè)備和門外的人說話，問門外的人問題。D選項“質(zhì)問，提問”和它意思接近。故選D。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theequipmentisnotinproduction”（這個設(shè)備沒有大量生產(chǎn)）和“Thecostofinstalling(安裝)itwidelywouldbeprettyhigh”（廣泛安裝的費(fèi)用相當(dāng)?shù)母撸┛芍?，這個設(shè)備的不足之處在于大量生產(chǎn)的費(fèi)用太高。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Marie’sinvention,thoughitdidn’tbenefitthemfinancially,wouldearntheBrownsameasureofrecognitioninthetechnologyworld:Thepredecessor(前身)oftoday’shomesecuritysystems,ithasbeencited(引用)in35U.S.patents.”（盡管瑪麗的發(fā)明沒有為他們掙大錢，但是卻給布朗一家贏得了在技術(shù)界的認(rèn)可：現(xiàn)在家里的安保系統(tǒng)的前身，它已經(jīng)在35個美國專利上被引用。）可知，瑪麗和她的丈夫很聰明，并且獲得了大家的認(rèn)可和尊敬。故選D。CWalkinginthelocalsupermarket,youwillbecaughtbythescent(氣味)ofmixedherbs(香草),mentallytransportingyoutoakitchenfilledwiththesmellofyourfavoritehome-cookedmeal.Innotime,yourplansfordinnerandyourshoppinglistchange.Previousresearchhasfoundspreadingachocolatescentinabookstoreincreasedinterestinromancebooksandcookbooks.Andnaturalscentsinastoreencouragedspendingonproductswithfewerman-madecharacteristics.Generally,differentscentshavebeenshowntoinfluenceshoppers’choicesofspecifictypesofclothing.Tounderstandtheeffectofherbs,ournewresearchwasbrokenintothreeparts:experimentsinthelab,afieldstudyandonlinesurveys.InoursensorylabatAucklandUniversityofTechnology,weinvitedparticipantstoexperiencethesmellofmixedherbswhileshoppinginasupermarket.Shoppersboughtmorebasketsofhealthygoodswheninanenvironmentwiththeherbalsmellcomparedtothenon-herbalsmell.Inthefieldstudy,wespreadaherbalscentintwostoresandfoundshoppersexperiencingthescentboughtmorehealthyfooditemsthanthoseexperiencingnoscent.Ouronlinesurveyspresentasimilarresult-evenwhenthescentsareonlyimagined.Accordingtotheresearch,whenparticipantsaresmellingacertainscent,theyeasilystartactivitiesrelatedtothescent.Theactofsmellingorimaginingaherbalscentencouragesmemoriesofcookingandeatinghome-cookedmealspreparedfromfreshingredients(食材).Wefindthementalconnectionwithhome-cookingthendrivescustomerstochooseandbuyrelatedhealthyfoodsratherthanprocessedfoods.Beyondgeneralsmellsthatcomefromtheproducts,supermarketsoftenuseman-madescents,suchasspreadingthegrapefruitsmellintheproducesection,andthechocolatesmellinthesweetfoodssection.Understandingtheinfluenceofcertainsmellsisn’tjustaboutincreasingsales.Supermarketsplayakeyroleinshapingfoodchoices.Usingscentmarketingtodirectcustomerstowardswiserfoodchoicesisanunder-exploredopportunitytoachievebetterpublichealthresults.8.Whatcanweinferfrompreviousresearch?A.Bookstoresaleskeeprising. B.Materialinfluencesthescentquality.C.Man-madeproductsaregainingpopularity. D.Scentmarketinghasbeenwidelyapplied.9.Whatdoesthenewresearchshow?A.Naturalfoodmarketsattractmorecustomers. B.Herbalscentsaddtothehealthvalueoffood.C.Herbalscentsencouragehealthyfoodchoices. D.Mixedsmellscausetroublefordecision-making.10.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph4?A.Raisingdoubts. B.Explainingreasons.C.Suggestingsolutions. D.Makingcomparisons.11.Whatisabenefitofusingman-madescentsinsupermarkets?A.Improvingpublichealth. B.Promotingfoodstorage.C.Increasingsalesofallproducts. D.Simplifyingproductarrangement.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，香草氣味能促使顧客購買更多健康食品，人造氣味也在超市中常被使用以提升銷售。通過在超市中應(yīng)用香味營銷，商家不僅可以增加銷量，還可以引導(dǎo)顧客做出更健康的食品選擇，從而改善公共健康?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Previousresearchhasfoundspreadingachocolatescentinabookstoreincreasedinterestinromancebooksandcookbooks.Andnaturalscentsinastoreencouragedspendingonproductswithfewerman-madecharacteristics.(先前的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在書店散發(fā)巧克力氣味會增加對浪漫書籍和烹飪書籍的興趣。而商店中的自然氣味則鼓勵人們購買具有較少人造特征的產(chǎn)品)”可知，氣味營銷已經(jīng)被廣泛應(yīng)用。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Shoppersboughtmorebasketsofhealthygoodswheninanenvironmentwiththeherbalsmellcomparedtothenon-herbalsmell.(在有香草氣味的環(huán)境中，購物者購買的健康商品比在沒有香草氣味的環(huán)境中更多)”以及第三段“Inthefieldstudy,

wespreadaherbalscentintwostoresandfoundshoppersexperiencingthescentboughtmorehealthyfooditemsthanthoseexperiencingnoscent.(在實(shí)地研究中，我們在兩家商店散發(fā)香草氣味，發(fā)現(xiàn)體驗到這種氣味的購物者購買的健康食品比沒有體驗到這種氣味的購物者更多)”可知，香草氣味鼓勵健康食品的選擇。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Accordingtotheresearch,whenparticipantsaresmellingacertainscent,theyeasilystartactivitiesrelatedtothescent.Theactofsmellingorimaginingaherbalscentencouragesmemoriesofcookingandeatinghome-cookedmealspreparedfromfreshingredients(食材).(根據(jù)研究，當(dāng)參與者聞到某種氣味時，他們很容易開始與氣味相關(guān)的活動。聞到或想象香草氣味的行為會激發(fā)烹飪和食用新鮮食材準(zhǔn)備的家常飯菜的記憶)”可知，第四段的功能是解釋原因。故選B。【11題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Beyondgeneralsmellsthatcomefromtheproducts,supermarketsoftenuseman-madescents,suchasspreadingthegrapefruitsmellintheproducesection,andthechocolatesmellinthesweetfoodssection.(除了來自產(chǎn)品的一般氣味外，超市還經(jīng)常使用人造氣味，比如在農(nóng)產(chǎn)品區(qū)散布葡萄柚味，在甜食區(qū)散布巧克力味)”以及“Usingscentmarketingtodirectcustomerstowardswiserfoodchoicesisanunder-exploredopportunitytoachievebetterpublichealthresults.(利用氣味營銷引導(dǎo)顧客做出更明智的食品選擇是一個未被充分探索的機(jī)會，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)更好的公共健康結(jié)果)”可知，使用人造氣味的好處是改善公共健康。故選A。DAirpollutionisamongthebiggestthreatsagainsthumans,whichcausessevenmillionearlydeathsayear.Tofightthisproblem,fourfriendsputtheirheadstogetheranddesignedCityTree,whichisamobilestructurethatcancaptureasmanypollutantsasaforestmadeupof275trees.Whatmakesthe‘tree’specialisthatit’snotaregulartreeatall;itismadeupofmosscultures(苔蘚培養(yǎng)物)thatdoagreatjobofabsorption.“Mosscultureshaveamuchlargersurfacethananyotherplant,”ZhengliangWu,co-founderofGreenCitySolutions,explainedtoCNN.“Thatmeanswecancapturemorepollutants.”Theentire‘tree’sustainsitselfusingsolarpanelsthatgenerateelectricitysothatitcancollectrainwateritself.Tomonitorthehealthofthemoss,theCityTreehassensorswhichmeasuretemperatureandwaterquality.Now,about20CityTreescanbefoundinmajorcitieslikeOslo,andParis.TheteamalsohasplanstointroducetheCityTreetocitiesinlower-incomecountries,whichmayhaveworseairpollution.However,GaryFuller,anexpertonairpollution,thinksthattheconceptofanurbanairpurifiermightbetooambitious.“Evenifyouhadaperfectaircleaner,gettingthesurroundingairincontactwithitisreallyhard,”hesaid.Pollutionmadebycars,forexample,spreadsupwardsafewkilometersintotheair.“Effortswouldbebetterputintostoppingthepollutionfromforminginthefirstplace,”headded.Inresponse,theCityTreeinventorssaythattheyareawareofthisandchoosethelocationofeachCityTreecarefully.Theyarealsotestingasystemtocreatetheirownairflowthatdrawsthepollutiontothe“tree”.12.Whatisparagraph2mainlyaboutconcerningtheCityTree?A.Itsappearance. B.Itsoperatingprocess.C.Howitworks. D.Howitgetspowered.13.WhatisGaryFuller’sattitudetotheCityTree?A.Doubtful. B.Intolerant. C.Worried. D.Unclear.14.WhatwilltheCityTreeinventorsprobablydo?A.Developanewtypeofaircleaner. B.Makeimprovementstothestructure.C.Redirecteffortstomakegreenercars. D.Expandtheirbusinessinrichcountries.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthistext?A.GlobalEffortsinPlantingTrees B.TheAlarmingTrendofAirPollutionC.AStructurethatWillChangetheWorld D.The‘Tree’withtheGreenBenefitsofaForest【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了“城市樹”可以改善空氣污染，介紹了其工作原理以及好處?！?2題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段““Mosscultureshaveamuchlargersurfacethananyotherplant,”ZhengliangWu,co-founderofGreenCitySolutions,explainedtoCNN.“Thatmeanswecancapturemorepollutants.”Theentire‘tree’sustainsitselfusingsolarpanelsthatgenerateelectricitysothatitcancollectrainwateritself.Tomonitorthehealthofthemoss,theCityTreehassensorswhichmeasuretemperatureandwaterquality.(綠色城市解決方案的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人吳正良向CNN解釋說：“苔蘚的表面比其他任何植物都要大得多。”“這意味著我們可以捕獲更多的污染物?！闭谩皹洹蓖ㄟ^太陽能電池板來維持自身，太陽能電池板可以發(fā)電，這樣它就可以自己收集雨水。為了監(jiān)測苔蘚的健康狀況，“城市樹”裝有測量溫度和水質(zhì)的傳感器。)”可知，第2段主要是關(guān)于CityTree是如何工作的。故選C?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“However,GaryFuller,anexpertonairpollution,thinksthattheconceptofanurbanairpurifiermightbetooambitious.“Evenifyouhadaperfectaircleaner,gettingthesurroundingairincontactwithitisreallyhard,”hesaid.Pollutionmadebycars,forexample,spreadsupwardsafewkilometersintotheair.“Effortswouldbebetterputintostoppingthepollutionfromforminginthefirstplace,”headded.(然而，空氣污染專家加里·富勒認(rèn)為，城市空氣凈化器的概念可能過于雄心勃勃?！凹词鼓阌幸慌_完美的空氣凈化器，也很難讓周圍的空氣接觸到它，”他說。例如，汽車造成的污染向上擴(kuò)散幾公里進(jìn)入空氣中。他補(bǔ)充說：“最好從一開始就努力阻止污染的形成?！?”可知，加里·富勒對城市樹的態(tài)度是懷疑。故選A?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theyarealsotestingasystemtocreatetheirownairflowthatdrawsthepollutiontothe“tree”.(他們還在測試一個系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)可以制造自己的氣流，將污染物吸入“樹”。)”可知，CityTree的發(fā)明者可能會對結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。故選B。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Tofightthisproblem,fourfriendsputtheirheadstogetheranddesignedCityTree,whichisamobilestructurethatcancaptureasmanypollutantsasaforestmadeupof275trees.Whatmakesthe‘tree’specialisthatit’snotaregulartreeatall;itismadeupofmosscultures(苔蘚培養(yǎng)物)thatdoagreatjobofabsorption.(為了解決這個問題，四個朋友集思廣想，設(shè)計了“城市樹”，這是一個移動結(jié)構(gòu)，可以捕獲與275棵樹組成的森林一樣多的污染物。這棵“樹”的特別之處在于，它根本不是一棵普通的樹；它是由苔蘚培養(yǎng)物組成的，吸收效果很好。)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了“城市樹”可以改善空氣污染，介紹了其工作原理以及好處。可知，D選項“具有森林綠色效益的‘樹’”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Haveyouhadameltdownlately?Anemotionalmeltdownisn’texactlyamedicaldisease.___16___It’sapopulartermusedtodescribeasituationwhereweareovercomeemotionallyofhitabreakingpoint.Howdoyoufeelafteryou’vehadameltdown?Doyoufeelembarrassedaboutyourbehavior?___17___Anoccasionalmeltdowndoesn’tmeansomethingis“wrong”withyou.Itmayjustbeanindicatorofachallengingtimeforyou.Whilemostpeoplewouldratherforgetameltdownasquicklyaspossible,itcanbealearningexperience.Ifyoufeelembarrassedaboutrevealingyouremotionsinpublic,youmightexaminehowyoufeelaboutyourfeelings.Whyisn’titokayforyoutobeangry,ortobesad,ortoneedsomethingfromsomeoneelse?___18___So,bekindtoyourself.Ifyourmeltdowninvolvedraisingyourvoiceatotherpeopleorbehaviorlikethrowinganobjectinthepresenceofothers,apologizeandcomeupwithaplantomanageyouremotionsdifferentlythenexttimeyou’reupsetorstressed.Ifyoufindthistypeofbehavioriscommonforyouandyou’rehavingdifficultymanagingitonyourown,considerreachingtoapsychologist.___19___Itdamagesanotherperson’sattitudeandeatsintotheirhealth.___20___Yourexperienceservesabasisforreflection.Bekindtoyourselfandfindsomehelpfulwaystodealwithmeltdowns:A.Itcanhappentoanyone.B.Areyouahappyperson?C.Learnfromeverymeltdown.D.Therearesomenegativeeffectsaboutmeltdown,E.Shamingyourselfaboutyouremotionisnothelpful.F.Areyouanxiousaboutpossibleconsequencesforyouroutburst?G.Havinganemotionalmeltdownisneveranexcuseforabusivebehavior.【答案】16.A17.F18.E19.G20.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要告訴了讀者關(guān)于情緒崩潰的一些知識?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Anemotionalmeltdownisn’texactlyamedicaldisease.(情緒崩潰又不是什么醫(yī)學(xué)疾病。)”可知，情緒崩潰不算疾病；后文“It’sapopulartermusedtodescribeasituationwhereweareovercomeemotionallyofhitabreakingpoint.(這是一個常用的術(shù)語，用來描述我們在情感上達(dá)到崩潰點(diǎn)的情況。)”說明情緒崩潰是常見的。A項“Itcanhappentoanyone.(它可能發(fā)生在任何人身上。)”符合語境，且A項中“It”指代前文中的“Anemotionalmeltdown”。故選A項。【17題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Howdoyoufeelafteryou’vehadameltdown?Doyoufeelembarrassedaboutyourbehavior?(你崩潰后是什么感覺?你對自己的行為感到尷尬嗎?)”推知，空處是情緒崩潰的舉例，F(xiàn)項“Areyouanxiousaboutpossibleconsequencesforyouroutburst?(你是否為你的爆發(fā)可能帶來的后果感到焦慮?)”符合題意，與前文并列。故選F項?！?8題詳析】前文“Whyisn’titokayforyoutobeangry,ortobesad,ortoneedsomethingfromsomeoneelse?(為什么你不能生氣，悲傷，或者需要別人的幫助呢?)”說明生氣、悲傷和需要別人幫助的正常的；結(jié)合后文“So,bekindtoyourself.(所以，善待自己。)”，說明情緒崩潰是很正常的，沒必要因此而自責(zé)。E項“Shamingyourselfaboutyouremotionisnothelpful.(為自己的情緒感到羞愧是沒有幫助的。)”承上啟下，符合語境。故選E項?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Itdamagesanotherperson’sattitudeandeatsintotheirhealth.(它會損害別人的態(tài)度，損害他們的健康。)”可知，嚴(yán)重的情緒崩潰可能會對別人造成傷害。G項“Havinganemotionalmeltdownisneveranexcuseforabusivebehavior.(情緒崩潰絕不是虐待行為的借口。)”說明因為情緒崩潰而做出錯誤的行為是不對的。后文“It”指代G項中“abusivebehavior”。故選G項?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Yourexperienceservesabasisforreflection.(你的經(jīng)驗可以作為反思的基礎(chǔ)。)”可知，我們可以從情緒奔潰中反思、學(xué)到一些東西。C項“Learnfromeverymeltdown.(從每次崩潰中學(xué)習(xí)。)”符合語境。故選C項。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Wetalkaboutthepersistenceneededtomakeourdreamcometruetoday.JustthinkofWilburandOrvilleWright.Their____21____certainlydidn’thappenovernight!Wilburwas12yearsoldandOrville8whentheirfatherbroughthomeatoy.Itwasarubber____22____madeinFrance.Theylikeditsomuchthattheyplayedwithituntilitbroke.Immediately,theybegan____23____copies.Theywerehookedonaviation!In1900,asyoungmen,havingbuilttheirfirstglider(滑翔機(jī)),theydecidedto____24____itoutatKittyHawkonKillDevilHills.It____25____consistentstrongwindsandthesomewhatcushioningeffectsofsand.Thatfirstflightwasunsuccessful,butitdidn’tstopthem.Afterseveralmoretries,onDecember17,1903,withamuch____26____plane,theyriskedtheirlivestoflyitinthewind.They____27____flyingtheworld’sfirstpoweredairplane.Beginningat10:35a.m.thatday,Orville____28____it120feetinabout12seconds!At12:00,Wilburflewit852feetin59seconds!JohnnyMoore,oneofthefivemenwho____29____themthatmorning(inchargeofdraggingtheplaneacrossthesandforpositioning),rantothevillageofKittyHawkcrying.“They’vemadeit!”Thiswasthe_____30_____ofaviation!Atthistime,Wilburwas36andOrville32.Roughly24yearshadpassedsincetheirfathergavethemthat_____31_____!Ifyouhaveadream,workatit.Ifitdoesn’tturnoutas_____32_____,don’tgiveup!Tryagain!_____33_____whatyouwantandaccomplishit.Don’tevergiveup!_____34_____intheworldcantaketheplaceofpersistence.Talentwillnot.Nothingismore_____35_____thanunsuccessfulmenwithtalent.Persistenceanddeterminationalonemakeadifference.21.A.failure B.accident C.achievement D.change22.A.car B.bicycle C.helicopter D.ship23.A.building B.selling C.buying D.drawing24.A.put B.try C.pick D.carry25.A.avoided B.prevented C.provided D.caught26.A.ordinary B.similar C.organised D.improved27.A.tookto B.keptto C.gaveup D.endedup28.A.flew B.placed C.dragged D.pulled29.A.noticed B.met C.visited D.helped30.A.result B.birth C.target D.development31.A.toy B.party C.promise D.chance32.A.allowed B.decided C.expected D.required33.A.Worryabout B.Returnto C.Forgetabout D.Stickto34.A.Something B.Nothing C.Anything D.Everything35.A.common B.active C.satisfactory D.exciting【答案】21.C22.C23.A24.B25.C26.D27.D28.A29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.B35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。本文通過講述萊特兄弟經(jīng)過多次實(shí)驗，終于制造出第一架飛機(jī)的故事，說明了這樣一個道理：如果你有夢想，就要不斷地為之努力；即使它沒有出現(xiàn)預(yù)期的結(jié)果，也不要放棄，世界上沒有什么事情能代替堅持不懈；只要有毅力，最終一定會取得成功?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：萊特兄弟的成就當(dāng)然不是一夜之間發(fā)生的。A.failure失??；B.accident事故；C.achievement成就；D.change改變。根據(jù)上文“Wetalkaboutthepersistenceneededtomakeourdreamcometruetoday.”以及下文““They’vemadeit!”Thiswasthe________ofaviation!”可知，此處指萊特兄弟的成就不是一夜之間發(fā)生的。故選C。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那是一個法國制造的橡膠直升機(jī)。A.car汽車；B.bicycle自行車；C.helicopter直升飛機(jī)；D.ship輪船。根據(jù)下文“Theywerehookedonaviation!”可知，那是一個法國制造的橡膠直升機(jī)。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：1900年，作為年輕人，在建造了第一架滑翔機(jī)后，他們開始建造復(fù)制品。A.building建造；開發(fā)；B.selling售賣；C.buying買；D.drawing畫。根據(jù)上文“In1900,asyoungmen,havingbuilttheirfirstglider”可知，他們開始建造復(fù)制品。故選A。【24題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他們決定試驗一下。A.put(out)撲滅；B.try(out)試驗；C.pick(out)挑選；D.carry(out)實(shí)施。根據(jù)下文“Afterseveralmoretries”可知，他們決定試驗一下。故選B。【25題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個地方提供持續(xù)的大風(fēng)還有沙子的緩沖作用。A.avoided避免；B.prevented防止；C.provided提供；D.caught抓住。句中it指代上文“KittyHawkonKillDevilHills”，此處指這個地方提供持續(xù)的大風(fēng)。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：又嘗試了幾次之后，在1903年12月17日，他們冒著生命危險在風(fēng)里駕駛一架經(jīng)過多次改進(jìn)的飛機(jī)。A.ordinary普通的；B.similar相同的；C.organised有組織的；D.improved改良過的。根據(jù)上文“Afterseveralmoretries”以及常識可知，他們駕駛的是一架經(jīng)過多次改進(jìn)的飛機(jī)。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：最終他們駕駛世界上第一架有動力裝置的飛機(jī)。A.tookto喜歡；參加；B.keptto遵守；堅持；C.gaveup放棄；D.endedup最終。根據(jù)下文““They’vemadeit!”Thiswasthe________ofaviation!”可知，他們最終駕駛了世界上第一架有動力裝置的飛機(jī)。endupdoingsth.意為“結(jié)果做……；以做……而告終”，符合句意。故選D?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從當(dāng)天上午10點(diǎn)35分開始，奧維爾在大約12秒內(nèi)飛了120英尺。A.flew飛行；B.placed放置；C.dragged拖；D.pulled拉。根據(jù)下文“At12:00,Wilburflewit852feetin59seconds!”中的關(guān)鍵詞flew可知，這里是說，在大約十二秒鐘之內(nèi)Orville飛行了120英尺。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：JohnnyMoore是那天早上幫助他們的五個人之一（負(fù)責(zé)將飛機(jī)拖過沙地進(jìn)行定位），他跑到小鷹村時，哭了。A.noticed注意；B.met遇見；C.visited參觀；D.helped幫助。根據(jù)下文“inchargeofdraggingtheplaneacrossthesandforpositioning”可知，JohnnyMoore在幫助他們。故選D。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這就是航空制造業(yè)的誕生。A.result結(jié)果；B.birth誕生；C.target目標(biāo)；D.development發(fā)展。根據(jù)上文“They________flyingtheworld’sfirstpoweredairplane.”可知，這是航空制造業(yè)的誕生。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：自他們的父親給他們那個玩具起，已經(jīng)過了差不多24年了。A.toy玩具；B.party派對；C.promise承諾；D.chance機(jī)會。根據(jù)第二段首句中“...broughthomeatoy.”可知，父親給他們的是玩具。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果結(jié)果不如預(yù)期，不要放棄！A.allowed允許；B.decided決定；C.expected期待；D.required要求。asexpected是固定用法，意為“正如預(yù)期的那樣”，符合句意。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：堅持你所想的，并且實(shí)現(xiàn)它。A.Worryabout擔(dān)心；B.Returnto返回到；C.Forgetabout忘掉；D.Stickto堅持。根據(jù)下文“Don’tevergiveup!”可知，這里是指堅持(stickto)你所想的，并且實(shí)現(xiàn)它。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查不定代詞辨析。句意：世界上沒有什么事情能代替堅持不懈。A.Something某物；B.Nothing沒有什么東西；C.Anything任何事物；D.Everything一切事物。根據(jù)上文“________whatyouwantandaccomplishit.Don’tevergiveup!”可知，世界上沒有什么事情能代替堅持不懈。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有天賦但不成功的人太常見了。A.common常見的；B.active積極的；C.satisfactory令人滿意的；D.exciting令人激動的。根據(jù)下文“Persistenceanddeterminationalonemakeadifference.”可知，只有堅持不懈和決心才能通往成功，由此可知，有天賦但不成功的人太常見了。故選A。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OnDecember28th2021,awinterfishing-themedtouristfestivalopenedatChaganLakeoneofChina's___36___(large)freshwaterlakes,markingthebeginningofthegoldenseasonforwinterfishing.Overtwenty___37___(activity)willbeheldduringtheannualfestival,___38___runsthroughFeb28nextyear.Thehighlightoftheeventisskiingcontests,naturewatchingandanicedragonboat____39____(compete).Yetmeredecadesago,ChaganLakewasaverydifferentplace.Bytheendofthe1970s,thelake____40____(cut)downtoonlydozensofsquarekilometersduetodroughtandoverfishing.Thankstothegovernment'efforts____41____(restore)Chagantoitsformerglory,thelakenowcoversanareaof500squarekilometers,___42___itsfishresourceshavealsorecovered.Thelakehasreceivedmorethan1.8millionvisitorssofarthisyear,a29.4%increase_____43_____(compare)withthesameperiodofthepreviousyear.ThecharmoficefishingatChaganLakeliesinkeepingthefishingcultureofourancestorsaliveand___44___(carry)itforwardhand-drillingholesthroughthethickiceandloweringnetsintothefrostywaterstocatchfish.Thetechniquehasbeenlisted____45____anational-levelformofintangibleculturalheritage.【答案】36.largest37.activities38.which39.competition40.hadbeencut41.torestore42.and43.compared44.carrying45.in【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了2021年12月28日，一個冬季捕魚主題旅游節(jié)在查干湖開幕，這是中國最大的淡水湖之一，標(biāo)志著冬季捕魚的黃金季節(jié)的開始。一年一度的藝術(shù)節(jié)將于明年2月28日結(jié)束，期間將舉行20多項活動。【36題詳析】考查形容詞的最高級。句意：2021年12月28日，一個冬季捕魚主題旅游節(jié)在查干湖開幕，這是中國最大的淡水湖之一，標(biāo)志著冬季捕魚的黃金季節(jié)的開始。oneof修飾形容詞的最高級。故填largest?！?7題詳析】考查名詞。句意：一年一度的藝術(shù)節(jié)將于明年2月28日結(jié)束，期間將舉行20多項活動。activity“活動”是可數(shù)名詞，空前有數(shù)詞overtwenty“超過二十”修飾，故用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填activities?！?8題詳析】考查非限制性定語從句。句意：一年一度的藝術(shù)節(jié)將于明年2月28日結(jié)束，期間將舉行20多項活動。在非限制性定語從句中缺少主語的成分，先行詞是theannualfestival。故填which?！?9題詳析】考查名詞。句意：這項活動的亮點(diǎn)是滑雪比賽、觀看大自然和冰龍舟比賽。分析句子可知這是三個并列的名詞短語作句子的表語。故填competition。【40題詳析】考查過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。句意：到20世紀(jì)70年代末，由于干旱和過度捕撈，湖泊面積已減少到只有幾十平方公里。當(dāng)by構(gòu)成的時間狀語表示過去時，句子的謂語用過去完成時，thelake與cutdown是被動關(guān)系。故填hadbeencut。【41題詳析】考查非謂語。句意：多虧了政府努力讓查干湖恢復(fù)昔日的輝煌。此空用不定式作thegovernment'efforts的后置定語，故填torestore。【42題詳析】考查連詞。句意：湖面面積500平方公里，魚類資源也已恢復(fù)。and可以連接兩個并列句。故填and。【43題詳析】考查非謂語。句意：今年到目前為止，該湖已經(jīng)接待了180多萬游客，比去年同期增長了29.4%。固定搭配becomparedwith“與……相比較”，句子的謂語是故填hasreceived，故填compared?！?4題詳析】考查動詞。句意：查干湖冰上捕魚的魅力在于保持了我們祖先的捕魚文化的活力，并將其向前推進(jìn)，用手在厚厚的冰上鉆孔，并將漁網(wǎng)放入冰冷的水中捕魚。and屬于并列連詞，連接兩個并列的結(jié)構(gòu)，and前的動詞是keeping，所以and后也填動名詞，共同作介詞in的賓語。故填carrying。【45題詳析】考查介詞。句意：該技術(shù)已被列入國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄。固定搭配belistedin“被列入……”故填in。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你是李華，上周五你班組織了一次參觀自然歷史博物館的游學(xué)活動，請給你的新西蘭筆友Lisa寫一封郵件分享此事。內(nèi)容包括：1.你的所見所聞；2.你的感受。注意：1.詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：講解員docent標(biāo)本specimen___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】DearLisa,LastFriday,ourclassvisitedtheNaturalHistoryMuseum,anditwasanamazingexperience!Wesawavarietyoffascinatingspecimens,includingdinosaurskeletonsandancientfossils.Aknow