Unit 4 Space Exploration Reading and高中英語人教版（2019）必修第三冊

WordsandExpressionsinreadingandthinkingSpaceExploration

vehiclen.交通工具;運載工具jeep:吉普車 truck:卡車 aircraft:飛機helicopter:直升機 spaceship/spacecraft:宇宙飛船motorbike/motorcycle:摩托車1)電動汽車electricvehicles

2)商用車輛;商務(wù)車commercialvehicles

3)應(yīng)急車輛;緊急服務(wù)車輛;救急車輛;emergencyvehicles

wenowhopetodiscoverotherplanetsthataresuitableenoughtosupportlife.【句式分析】①that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞planets。②adj+enough+todosth“足以做某事”,不定式作結(jié)果狀語。Firstofall,youmustbeintelligentenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree.Iwasstupidenoughtobelievehim,anonlinefriend.Surelynoonewouldbefoolishenoughtolendhimthemoney.Wedon’thaveenoughmoneytorecordthingsthatsoundcontemporary.Parentsshouldmakesurethatthechildrenspendenoughtimedoinghomework.Wouldyoubekindenoughtodosth?幫忙做某事怎么樣？Wouldyoubekindenoughtoholdthedooropen?

determinev.決定；確定；查明determinetodosth.

決心做某事determineon/upon(doing)sth.

決定(做)某事拓展determined

adj.

有決心的；意志堅定的bedeterminedtodosth.下定決心做某事bedeterminedthat...決心……determinationn.決定；確定隨著母親節(jié)的臨近，雙胞胎決定為他們深愛的母親準(zhǔn)備一頓美味的早餐。WithMother'sDaydrawingnear,thetwins____________________________adeliciousbreakfastfortheirbelovedmother.weredeterminedtoprepareHowever,scientistsweredeterminedtorealisethatdream.單句語法填空①Theoutcomeofthiselectionwillbe________(determine)bythevotesandbythelaw.②Everyoneconcernedactedwithgreatcourageand____________(determine)．③Weare________(determine)torescuehistwocountrymen.determineddeterminationdetermined

satelliten.人造衛(wèi)星;衛(wèi)星

1)氣象衛(wèi)星;aweathersatellite2)通訊衛(wèi)星;acommunicationsatelliteOn4October1957,theSputnik1satellitewaslauchedbytheUSSRandsuccessfullyorbitedaroundEarthorbitn.軌道v.

環(huán)繞....運行Theearth’sorbitaroundthesun地球環(huán)繞太陽的軌道Unlikeearlierlunarmissions,thespaceshipdidn’torbitonlyaroundthemoon’sequator.不像早期的月球探測那樣，飛船并不是沿著月球的軌道飛行。

launchvt&n.發(fā)射；發(fā)起；上市1)On4October1957,theSputnik1satellitewaslaunchedbytheUSSRandsuccessfullyorbitedaroundEarth.2)Ourmarketingpeoplehavecomeupwithagreatideaforthelaunchofthenewmodel．(3)Theyheldaspecialpartytolaunchthenewbook.

vt.

發(fā)射；n.上市vt.

把......投放市場NewProductLaunch發(fā)射塔alaunchingtower發(fā)射衛(wèi)星/火箭launchasatellite/rocket啟動項目launchaprojectAfterwards,theUSSRfocusedonsendingpeopleintospace.之后，蘇聯(lián)專注將人類送入太空。focuson/upon集中(注意力、精力等）于Hepreferstofocuseonthepositiveaspect.他更愿意關(guān)注積極的一面。Hiseyesslowlybegantofocuseon

whatlookedlikeasmalldarkball.他的目光開始慢慢聚焦到那個小黑球似的東西上?！凹凶⒁饬?全神貫注于......”表達法集錦：1.

concentrate(one’smind/attention)on2.beburied/absorbed/lostin3.

keepone’smindon4.

focus/fixone’smind/attentionon5.

loseoneselfin/buryoneselfinYuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtoenterspace.學(xué)過的句子：Dr.Linimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidentphysician.結(jié)構(gòu)：the+序數(shù)詞+n.+todo(不定式作定語)含義：第幾個做某事的……（不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞前面常有only,first,last,next或序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級等修飾）*Heisalwaysthelastperson________totheoffice.他總是最后一個到達辦公室的人。*Brazilwasoneofthefirst_________outoftheglobalfinancialdownturn.巴西是第一批脫離全球經(jīng)濟衰退的國家之一。togettocome【歸納拓展】(1)序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級或被序數(shù)詞及形容詞最高級等修飾通常用不定式作定語。被修飾詞與不定式是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。

Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.

他總是第一個來，最后一個走。(2)不定式作后置定語的其他情況：

①被修飾詞被theonly，thevery等修飾時；

②抽象名詞ability,attempt,chance,promise,reason,time,way等后常用不定式作定語。

giantadj.巨大的;偉大的n.巨人;巨獸;偉人1)a

sleeping

giant沉睡的巨人(潛力還未充分發(fā)揮的大公司或組織)；沉睡的雄獅2)商業(yè)巨頭commercial/businessgiantsleapn.跳躍;劇增;劇變v.跳過;躍過(leapt--leapt/leaped--leaped)

1)Lookbeforeyouleap.2)GreatLeapForwardmankindn.人類

(不可數(shù)的集合名詞，前不用冠詞)

aman/ahuman/ahumanbeingmankind作主語時，謂語一般用單數(shù)；表示“人（類）”有時表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，其表語是復(fù)數(shù)。eg：Mankindareintelligentanimals.

agencyn.(政府的)專門機構(gòu);服務(wù)機構(gòu);代理處agentn.代理人;經(jīng)紀(jì)人

1)intelligenceagency2)航天局aspaceagency3)旅行社atravelagency4)代理費;中介費;agencyfees5)總代理商;總代理;ageneralagent

transmitv.傳輸;發(fā)送transmissionn.傳輸1)傳輸信息transmitinformation2）translatetransporttransplant移植transfer轉(zhuǎn)移transform變形transatlantic橫渡大西洋的transcontinental橫貫大陸的onboard:在宇宙飛船上;在船上;在飛機上;在火車上

goonboard:登上船/飛機/火車e.g.:1)Thefourastronautsonboardwillspendabout40daysinspace.2)Thereweretenpeopleonboardtheplane.onboard還可以用作介詞，其后可直接跟表示車、船、飛機的名詞。aboard為副詞在船(或飛機，車)上Ineverwentaboard(onboard)aship.board

動詞，上(船，飛機，車)board名詞1.板,牌子,黑板2.紙板,木板3.委員會,董事會4.(包飯的)伙食5.用于機構(gòu)名稱6.（美國大學(xué)的）入學(xué)考試7.舞臺8.(木或其他材料制作的)板,板材,木板；薄板Thepassengersareboardingtheplane.All269peopleonboardtheplanewereclaimed.=All269peopleaboardtheplanewereclaimed.broad為形容詞，寬廣的Hehasverybroadshoulders.abroad副詞，在國外或海外Heoftengoesabroad.disappointed

adj.失望的;沮喪的;失意的

拓展bedisappointedat/

about/bysth

對某事失望bedisappointedin/withsb 對某人感到失望bedisappointedtodosth 做某事很失望;因干某事而感到失望toone’sdisappointment 令某人失望的是disappointvt.使失望disappointingadj.令人失望的disappointmentn.[U]失望;沮喪[C]令人失望的人;令人掃興的事情Thesedisastersmadeeveryonesadanddisappointed,butthedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdied.

這些災(zāi)難使人倍感傷心與失望,但是探索宇宙的愿望永不磨滅。單句語法填空用disappoint的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Donotbe

ifyouhavetotryseveraltimesbeforeyoufinallystopsmoking.

(2)Ourresultsinthismarkethavebeenrather

comparedwithlastyear.

(3)Onlyafewpeoplewereinsupportofhisplan,whichmadehimvery

.

(4)Formany,theirlong-awaitedhomecomingwasabitter

.

disappointed(more)disappointingdisappointeddisappointment

,helockedhimselfinhisroom.他因未能獲獎而失望，把自己鎖在房間里。(讀后續(xù)寫情感描寫)Alookof

flashedacross/spreadoverhisface.他的臉上掠過失望的神情。(讀后續(xù)寫神態(tài)描寫)寫作disappointmentDisappointedathisfailingtowinaprize

desiren.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望(1)

n.渴望；欲望satisfyone’sdesire滿足某人的欲望havea(strong)desiretodo...（強烈）渴望做……h(huán)aveadesirefor...渴望……(2)

vt.渴望；期望desiretodosth.渴望做某事desiresb.todosth.想要某人做某事desirethat...(should)dosth.渴望……desire用作及物動詞,不用于進行時態(tài)。desire意為“希望”后接賓語從句時,從句中的謂語動詞用“(should+)動詞原形”?！翱释ㄗ觯┠呈隆钡钠渌磉_haveahunger/thirstforsthlongforsth/todosthbe

eager/anxious/dying/hungry/thirstyforsth/todosthdesirableadj.值得擁有的；值得做的

desirousadj.希望的，渴望的單句語法填空(1)Shehasnodesire____thelifeinthecity,becauseshecan'tadapttothefastpaceofthelifethere.(2)Ihadadesire_______(buy)whatIlikedwiththemoneyIhadmade,butmyparentsdesiredthatI____________________(contribute)themoneytomyfamily'shousehold.fortobuy(should)contribute每個人都渴望成功，而成功只屬于努力的人。(3)Everyone_________________________whilesuccessonlybelongstothehard-workingpeople.(desiren．)(4)Everyone___________________whilesuccessonlybelongstothehard-workingpeople.(desirev．)hasadesireforsuccessdesirestosucceedmake的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)如下:①makesb.dosth.使/讓某人做某事

當(dāng)該結(jié)構(gòu)用于被動語態(tài)時，不定式符號to要還原；即makesb/sthdosth讓某人做某事；sb/sth+be+madetodosth【其被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)】OurEnglishteacheroftenmakesusrecitethenewly-learnedwords.②makesb./sth.done(過去分詞)使某人或某事被……過去分詞與賓語是被動關(guān)系,用于makeoneselfknown/heard/understood...Itriedtospeakmoreclearlytomakemyselfunderstood.

我嘗試說得清楚一點，讓別人明白我的意思。③makesb./sth.doing使某人或某事一直做……*Hemakesthenaughtyboystandingthereallthetime.他讓那個淘氣的男孩一直站在那兒。④make+sb./sth.+adj.使某人或某事(變得)……*I’msoblessedtocomeacrossyoubecauseyoumakemehappy.我是如此幸運邂逅你，因為你讓我感到幸福。⑤make+sb./sth.+n.

讓某人或某物成為……*TheyallwanttomakeJimtheirmonitor.他們都想讓吉姆當(dāng)班長。⑥makeit+賓補+不定式（真正的賓語）it為形式賓語，真正的賓語是不定式。Theyheavyrainmadeitimpossibleforustogoout.大雨使得我們無法出去?！炯磳W(xué)活用】(1)Heraisedhisvoiceinordertomakehimself__________(understand).(2)Marytriedto_____________________(留我們吃晚飯).

(3)Ibelievethatthesystemwill_____________________(讓他成為一名更好的律師).

(4)Hefailedonceagaininthefinalexam,whichmadehisparentsvery____________(disappoint).(5)Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmade___possibleforlifetodevelop.(6)Theteacherspokeloudlysothathecouldmadehimself______

(hear).itheardunderstoodmakeusstayforsuppermakehimabetterlawyerdisappointedThisisbecausepeoplebelieveintheimportanceofcarryingonspaceexplorationdespitethehugerisks.這是因為人們堅信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面臨巨大的風(fēng)險。[句式分析]本句是一個復(fù)合句。句中的_________引導(dǎo)的是表語從句。It/This/Thatis/wasbecause...意為“它/這/那是因為……”,because引導(dǎo)表語從句，后接原因。?Sheisalwaysunhappy.Thisisbecausesheisratherdemanding.她總是不快樂。這是因為她要求很高。[拓展]：This/That/Itiswhy...這/那是為什么……(why引導(dǎo)表語從句，后跟結(jié)果)This/That/Itisbecause...這/那是因為……(because引導(dǎo)表語從句，后跟原因)Thereason(why...)isthat...(……的)原因是……(why引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾reason;that引導(dǎo)表語從句，后接reason的具體內(nèi)容)because[即學(xué)即練]

單句語法填空/完成句子1.Hefellasleepduringthelecture.

Thiswas

_______

hegotboredwithit.2.ThereasonwhyJennymissedthelecturewas_____hemissedthebus.3.Alicehasn’tworkedhard.Thatis_____shefailedtheexamination.4.Fromspace,theearthlooksblue.______________(這是因為)aboutseventy-onepercentofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.5.Thisisnotthestandardprocedure,but____________

(這就是為什么)Ilovemydoctor.becausethatwhyThisisbecausethiswaswhy

carryon繼續(xù)做,堅持干Herbraveryhasgivenhimthewilltocarryonwithhislifeandhiswork.她的勇氣激發(fā)了他繼續(xù)生活和工作的意愿。You’llwearyourselfoutifyoucarryonworkingsohard.你要是繼續(xù)這樣拼命工作,身體會吃不消的。carryonwithsth.

繼續(xù)某事carryondoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事【詞匯拓展】carryonsth繼續(xù)……;堅持……carryonwithsth 繼續(xù)某事carryondoingsth 繼續(xù)做某事carryoff 贏得;成功地對付carryout 執(zhí)行;實行carrythrough 完成;堅持下去carrysbthrough

幫某人渡過……[用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空](3)Nomatterwhatwedo,wemustcarryoutourduties.(4)Theboardofthedirectorsdecidedtocarryonthediscussionnextday.(5)Theaudiencewascarriedawaybyhiswonderfulperformance.Chinabecamethethirdcountryintheworldtoindependentlysendhumansintospacein2003,whenYangLiweisuccessfullyorbitedEarthintheShenzhou5spacecraft.

2003年,楊利偉乘坐“神舟五號”飛船成功環(huán)繞地球飛行,中國成為世界上第三個獨立將人類送入太空的國家。

independently

adv.獨立地;自立地Itwasthefirsttimethatshehadlivedindependently.那是她第一次獨立生活。independentadj.獨立的;自主的independencen.獨立;自主dependv.依靠,依賴拓展beindependentof不信賴……;獨立于……之外dependon依靠,依賴反：dependentadj.依靠的;依賴的反：dependencen.信賴,依賴ThenShenzhou6and7completedasecondmannedorbitandthefirstChinesespacewalk,followedbythevehicleJadeRabbitbeingsenttothemoontostudyitssurface.此后，“神舟六號”和“神舟七號”分別完成了第二次載人環(huán)繞地球飛行以及中國人的第一次太空行走，接著“玉兔號”月球探測器被送上月球去探測其表面。ThinkandDiscuss本句中有_____個謂語動詞，即___________。followed為____________________________;Rabbitbeingsent為____________________________.一completed-ed分詞短語作狀語動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)ThissignalledonestepfurtherinChina’splantoestablishaspacestationinthefuture.(教材P41)

這標(biāo)志著中國未來建立空間站的計劃又向前邁進了一步。

signal

vt.&vi.標(biāo)志著;標(biāo)明;發(fā)信號;示意n.信號;標(biāo)志(1)vt.&vi.標(biāo)志著;標(biāo)明;發(fā)信號;示意signal(to)sbtodosth示意某人做某事signal(sb)that示意……signalsthtosb向某人示意……(2)n.信號;標(biāo)志trafficsignals交通信號燈sendoutasignal發(fā)出信號現(xiàn)在分詞：signalling過去式：signalled過去分詞：signalled1.ThepolicemanspottedthatIhadn’tgotmyseatbeltonandsignalledmetostop.2.Hungeristhebody’ssignalthatlevelsofbloodsugararetoolow.【易混辨析】

signal“信號”,常指約定俗成,用于傳達某些信息的信號,也指燈光、聲音或信號標(biāo)志sign“記號,標(biāo)記”,可指符號(裝置),也可指情緒、性格的直觀顯示,還可指具體的用于識別或指示的標(biāo)志,如指示牌、卡片等mark“標(biāo)志,標(biāo)記”,含義廣泛,指事物留下的深刻印記或某物上用于辨別該物品的附屬物symbol“象征,符號”,指被人們選出的物體或圖案用來代表另一事物,并作為該事物的標(biāo)記或象征【單句語法填空】1.

Thepoliceseemstobe

（signal）touswithhisarm.2.

Inordernottobeheard，shepointedherfinger

upwards________（signal）thatsomeonewasmovingaboutupstairs.3.

Thefarsideofthemoonisararequietplacethatisfreefrominterferencefromradio_________（signal）fromEarth.signallingtosignalsignals①TheLanternFestivalfallsonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth,

.正月十五是元宵節(jié),標(biāo)志著春節(jié)慶?；顒拥慕Y(jié)束。(傳統(tǒng)文化介紹)②Iranuptothecar,tookhimbythearmand

.我跑向汽車,拉住他的

胳膊,示意他跟我走。(讀后續(xù)寫動作描寫)signallingtheendoftheSpringFestivalcelebrationssignalledhimtofollowme

Despitethedifficulties,scientistshopefuturediscoverieswillnotonlyenableustounderstandhowtheuniversebegan,butalsohelpussurvivewellintothefuture.despite(inspiteof):1.usedtoshowthatsthhappenedoristruealthoughsthelsemighthavehappenedtopreventit即使；盡管e.g.Despiteallthedifficultiesshecarriedonworkingasusual.2.(-oneself)usedtoshowthatsbdidnotintendtodothethingmentioned盡管（自己）不愿意,表示不由自主；情不自禁e.g.Despitehimselfhelookeddownagainatthegapingmouthofthevictim.

Despitemyself,Harry’sremarkshadcausedmetostopandreflect.

哈里的話讓我不由自主地停下來細(xì)想。despitethefactthat+句子，表示的意思是：盡管inspiteof+賓語作讓步狀語，表示“不顧”,“盡管”,“雖然”之意inspiteofthefactthat(從句)，表示“不顧......事實”講notonly...but(also)...表示“不但......而且......”該結(jié)構(gòu)用法說明：(1)語法功能：連接平行結(jié)構(gòu)-名詞、代詞、動詞（短語）、非謂語動詞、介賓短語、句子等。(2)主謂一致：它連接的并列成分作主語時，謂語動詞與鄰近的成分在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，即就近原則，類似用法的詞組還有either...or...,neither...nor...等(3)倒裝:notonly...but(also)...連接并列分句，且notonly位于句首時，notonly所在的分句需部分倒裝，but(also)所在的分句不倒裝。例句：1.Shespokenotonlyhernativelanguage,Swedish,

butalso

EnglishandFrench.

她不僅講她的母語瑞典語，還講英語和法語。2.

Henotonlyreadthebook,butalsorememberedwhathehadread.他不但讀了這本書，而且記得讀的內(nèi)容。3.

Notonlydoesthesungiveuslightbutalsoitgivesusheat.太陽不但提供給我們光，還有熱。

in(the)hopeofdoingsth:抱著…的希望1)Hestudieshardinthehopeofattendingakeyuniversity.2)Wegotupveryearlyinthehopeofcatchingthefirsttrain.3)Wegotupveryearlyinthehopethatwecouldcatchthefirsttrain.inhopesofdoing…:抱著做…的希望inthehopethat…:抱著…的希望WordsandExpressionsindiscoveringusefulstructuresSpaceExplorationDespitethehugerisksthough,peoplewillalwayscontinuetoexplorethisfinalfrontierso

as

to

learnitssecrets.盡管存在巨大的風(fēng)險,但人們總會繼續(xù)探索這個最后的邊境,以了解它的秘密。soasto(dosth)為了;以便Helistenedtotheteachercarefullyso

asnottomissaword.為了避免漏掉一個字,他仔細(xì)聽老師講課。Heoftenworkedlateintothenightso

as

toearnenoughmoney.為了賺到足夠的錢,他常工作到深夜?！疽谆毂嫖觥縮oasto,inorderto,inorderthat,sothat,so...astosoasto常放在句中,不能放在句首,引導(dǎo)目的狀語(否定形式:soasnotto)inorderto可置于句中或句首,引導(dǎo)目的狀語,意為“為了;以便”(否定形式:inordernotto)inorderthat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句,從句中常有情態(tài)動詞can/could/may/might等sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句,從句中常有情態(tài)動詞can/could/may/might等引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,從句中不用情態(tài)動詞so...asto引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語,意為“如此…以至于”(否定形式:so...asnotto)【遷移應(yīng)用】單句填空(1)Cutdownthearticlesoas

(make)itfitthespaceavailableonthepaper.

句式轉(zhuǎn)換Hetoldmethenewsinalowvoicesoasnottolettheothershearwhathewassaying.→(2)Hetoldmethenewsinalowvoice

theothers

hearwhathewassaying.

→(3)Hetoldmethenewsinalowvoice

tolettheothershearwhathewassaying.

tomakesothatcouldn’t

inordernot/soasnot

lack

n.缺乏;短缺vt.沒有;缺乏Astronauts’bonesandmusclescangetveryweakinspaceduetothelackofgravity,sotheyneedtoexerciseeveryday,whichwillhelpthemstayhealthy.(教材P42)在太空中,宇航員的骨骼和肌肉會由于缺乏重力而變得非常脆弱,所以他們每天都需要鍛煉,這會幫助他們保持身體健康。(1)

n.缺乏;短缺（作名詞時常與介詞of連用）alackof...缺少……alackoffood/money/skillsforlackof...由于缺乏……(2)

vt.缺乏某物

(不能用于被動語態(tài)和進行時)lack

(for)sth

缺乏/需要某事物拓展lackingadj.

缺乏的;不足的belackingin 在……方面缺乏【語境應(yīng)用】完成句子。1)Though__________(lack)money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtoauniversity.2)Healthproblemsarecloselyconnectedwithbadeatinghabitsand________________(缺乏鍛煉).lackingalackofexercise

,Janewasquiteatalossastohowtodealwiththeterriblesituation.由于缺乏自信和經(jīng)驗,簡完全不知道該如何應(yīng)付這可怕的情況。(讀后續(xù)寫情感描寫)Lacking/Forlackof/Lackinginconfidenceandexperience

otherwise

conj./adv.否則;要不然Astronautshavetousetapetostickeverythingdownwhileworkinginspacebecauseeverythingwouldfloatoffotherwise.宇航員在太空工作時必須用膠帶把所有的東西都粘住,不然的話一切都會飄走。Thebikeneedsanewsaddle,butotherwiseit’singoodcondition.這輛自行車需要一個新車座,除此以外它完好無損。Don’tstartgivingmeproblemsotherwiseI’llhavetobeveryunpleasantindeed.不要開始給我找麻煩,否則我就不客氣了。用作連詞,意思為“否則;要不然”,通常用于“祈使句+otherwise+陳述句”的句型。作副詞，“在其他方面;除此之外”,相當(dāng)于inother/differentways。

recyclev.回收利用;再利用recyclableadj.可回收利用recyclingn.回收利用1)可回收材料recyclablematerials2)可回收垃圾recyclablewastefloatv.浮動;漂流;漂浮;提出n彩車，魚漂，浮板1)thesolarsystem太陽系2)太陽能thesolarpower/energy3)陽歷thesolarcalendar

currentadj.當(dāng)前的;現(xiàn)在的n.水流;電流;思潮currentlyadv.目前currencyn.貨幣；通貨1)currentevents2)oceancurrents3)electricalcurrents4)acurrentofthought思潮

sufficientadj.足夠的;充足的sufficiencyn.足量，充足1)self-sufficient自給自足的2)necessaryandsufficientcondition

充分必要條件3)morethansufficient綽綽有余

beyond

prep.在更遠(yuǎn)處;超出(1)

后接表示空間的名詞,意思是“在……那一邊,在……之外”。Theairportisaround30milesbeyondthecity.(2)

后接表示時間的名詞,意為“遲于;晚于”。Don’tstaytherebeyondmidnight.(3)

在句中表示“超出(能力、范圍等),為……所不能及”。beyondrecognitionbeyond(one's)expectationsbeyonddescriptionbeyondwords/expression認(rèn)不出來出乎（某人的）意料無法形容；難以描述難以言表；無法表達figureout

弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白;計算1)Ittookthemaboutonemonthtofigureouthowtostartthemachine.2)Noonecanfigureouthowsheissorich.3)Shewastryingtofigureoutwhatwouldhappennext.4)Haveyoufiguredouthowmuchthetripwillcost?弄懂弄清楚弄明白計算keenadj.熱衷的;渴望的;敏銳的I’mverykeentoknow...(教材P43)我很想知道……Heiskeentopointoutthebenefitswhichthefamilynetworkcanprovide.他很熱衷于指出家庭網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以帶來的好處。拓展bekeenondoingsth熱衷于做某事bekeentodosth 熱衷/渴望做某事keenlyadv.

熱切地;敏銳地Keennessn.

熱切;渴望keennessfor... 對……的渴望keennessof... ……的敏銳單句填空(1)Therewasatimewhenmydaughterwaskeen

popmusic.

(2)Theyoungplayeriskeen

(win)agoldmedalintheOlympicGames.

(3)Iwillbelookingforthecrowd’sperformanceas

(keen)astheteam’s.

(4)TheonlythingIcouldseeinhimwasacertainkeenness

action.

ontowin

keenlyforWordsandExpressionsinreadingforwritingSpaceExplorationargue

vt.&vi.論證;爭辯;爭論;主張,認(rèn)為arguefor/

against(doing)sth. 據(jù)理力爭/反對某事arguewithsbabout/oversth與某人爭論某事arguesbinto/outofdoingsth 說服某人做/不做某事1)Wemustargueforourrights.2)Idon’twanttoarguewithyou---justdoit!3)Shearguedherfatheroutofsmoking.argumentn.

爭論;爭吵;論點haveanargumentwithsb.與某人爭吵/爭論beyondargument無可爭辯settleanargument解決爭端拓展單句語法填空①It______________(argue)bysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclassesinthepastfewyears.

②InthisarticleIwillpointoutsomefurtherexplanations,andargue___oneofthem.完成句子③Thecommitteeisconcernedaboutplayers’behaviour,especially___________(與……爭吵)referees.

④We’dliketoaskyoutohelpus________________(解決一場爭論).hasbeenarguedforarguingwithsettleanargument

resultin

導(dǎo)致;造成resultin

(=leadto=contributeto)導(dǎo)致,引起(其后接結(jié)果)resultfrom(=liein) 由……引起,在于(其后接原因)asaresult 所以;結(jié)果(是)asaresultof 作為……的結(jié)果,由于1)Thiskindofthingscanresultinmanysocialproblems.2)2.Manyhealthproblemsresultfromwhatyoueat.2)Asaresult,thebadthinghasbeenturnedintoagoodone.3)Manypeoplediedasaresultofdroughtandpoorharvests.Notonlydidthefestivalimmerseusindiversecultures,butitalso

mutualunderstandingandfriendship.文化節(jié)不僅使我們浸潤在不同的文化中,也促進了彼此的理解和友誼。

resultedin

limited

adj.有限的拓展limit

vt.限定,限制n.限制,限度(1)

vt.

限定,限制limit...to...把……限制在……范圍內(nèi)(2)

n.限制,限度atime/speed/agelimit時間/速度/年齡限制withinlimits在某種程度上;有一定限制setalimiton對……加以限制beyondthelimit超過限度limitation

n.限制；控制limitlessadj.無限制的；無界限的belimitedto...

局限于……單句語法填空①Thisdictionaryusesa________(limit)numberofwords,around2000,initsdefinition.②Theorganizationcommitteesetalimit______thenumber.③Thelengthofthearticleshould___________(限制在)400wordsorso.④Thereis__________(無限的)thechild'simagination.limitedtobelimitedtonolimitto

provide

v.提供;供應(yīng);給予;規(guī)定providesbwithsthprovidesthforsb 向某人提供某物provided(that)...=providing(that)..

倘若;在……情況/條件下（條件狀語從句）provideforsb向某人提供生活所需Mygoalistoprovidehumanswithalifeofhighquality.Thisisagroupthatprovideshousingandservicesforneedypeople.Iwillplaytennisprovided(that)we’vefinishedby5pm.Aslongasyouareabletowork,youneedtoprovidefor

yourselfandyourfamily.offersbsth=offersthtosbsupplysbwithsth=supplysthtosb

單句語法填空(1)Thewebsiteprovidesstudents

freeinformationabouthowtochooseagoodcollege.

(2)Youshouldprovideaqualifiedwitness

yourapplication.

(3)

(provide)thathisplanwaspractical,thefirstthingweshoulddowastomakepeopleawareoftheenvironmentalproblems.

(4)Myfatherprovides

ourfamilybyworkinginanITcompany.

withforProvided/Providingfor1)Inclosing,exploringspaceprovidestheworldwithmanydifferentbenefits.2)Inclosing,IwouldliketosayafewwordsaboutChina’seffortstocontrolCovid-19.inclosing:最后；在結(jié)束時tosumup,allinall,insummary,toconclude,tosummarize,finallyfinally

最后;終于intheend

最后;終于atlast

最后;終于runout(of...):用完;耗盡sthrunout=

sthgiveout某物被用完(無被動)sb.runoutofsth.=

sb.

useupsth某人用完某物1)Naturalgaswillbethefirsttorunout.2)Nowtheyhaverunoutoftime/food/money.runacross偶然遇見runafter追求runinto遇見，撞上runaway(from)逃離runat向某人沖去ontherun忙碌，奔波

attach

vt.系;綁;貼;附Whilesleeping,theymustattachthemselvestosomethingsoastopreventfloatingaround.

睡覺時,他們必須把自己綁在某樣?xùn)|西上,以防止四處飄浮。拓展attachsthto...把某物連接到/附在……attachoneselfto 依附……;纏著……attachimportance/

significance/valueto...

重視;認(rèn)為……重要/有意義/有價值attachedadj. 喜愛的;依戀的;附屬的beattachedto+n./v-ing 被連接到……;愛慕;附屬于attachmentn. 附屬,附著;依戀單句填空(1)Itishightimethatthecountryshouldattachimportance

energysavingandenvironmentalprotection.

(2)Acrossthestream,amanistryingtoreachoutontheedgeofthebankforthefruitwithanet

(attach)toapole.

(3)Tobehonest,alotofpeopleattachgreatimportanceto

(become)richandfamous.

(4)The

(attach)ofthenewenginetothecaronlytookafewminutes.

toattached

becomingattachmentHandwritingisofsuchgreatimportancethateveryoneshouldattachgreatimportancetoit.書法是如此重要，每個人都應(yīng)該重視它。

fataladj.致命的;災(zāi)難性的faten.命運;天數(shù);天意1)絕癥afataldisease/illness

shallow

adj.膚淺的;淺的deepadj.深的

profoundadj.深奧的1)淺水區(qū)shallowwater2)膚淺的論點ashallowargument

analysisn.(對事物的)分析;分析結(jié)果

analyses

復(fù)數(shù)

analyse/analyzev.分析

analyticaladj.分析的

1)進行圖像/數(shù)據(jù)分析do/carryout/conductimage/dataanalyses2)分析問題analyzeproblems

high-endadj.高端的

low-endadj.低端的

cuttingedge尖端，最前沿pattern

(事物反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的)模式→樣