Unit5WorkingtheLandVocabulary詞匯學(xué)案-高中英語人教版選擇性

Book4Unit5WorkingthelandWordsandExpressions1.devotevt.

把……獻(xiàn)（給）；把……專用于；專心于devotion n.愛;奉獻(xiàn),專心devoted adj.摯愛的,忠誠的,全心全意的devote...to... 把...用于,獻(xiàn)身,致力,專心(to為介詞,后跟名詞、代詞或v.ing)devoteone'slife/money/time/energy/attention/...to(doing)sth.把某人的生命/金錢/時(shí)間/精力/注意力/……用到(做)某事上【拓展】“專心于...”的表達(dá):devoteoneselfto(doing)sth.=bedevotedto(doing)sth.beburied/absorbed/lost/involvedinsth.fix/focus/concentrateone’sattentiononsth.payattentiontosth.putone’sheartintosth.①Thefinaltermwillbe________________(devote)toprojectwork.②Heisfocused________________nothingbutwinning.③Youbeesodeeplyabsorbed________________anactivitythatyoulosetrackoftime.2.shortagen.

不足；缺少；短缺shortadj.短缺的，稀少的 shortenv.縮短;變短food/housing/watershortages 食物/住房/用水短缺beshortof=belackingin=lackof 缺乏3.tacklevt.

解決（難題）；應(yīng)付（局面）；處理tackletheproblem 處理問題【拓展】“處理，解決”的同義表達(dá)：address 設(shè)法解決;處理 solve/resolve/settle/workout/dealwith/dowith/fix處理 approach/handle 處理;對付4.crisisn.

（pl.crises)危機(jī)；危急關(guān)頭【總結(jié)】sis→ses復(fù)數(shù)變位basis→basesn.基礎(chǔ) analysis→analysesn.分析emphasis→emphasesn.重要性beincrisis處于危機(jī)中 apolitical/financialcrisis政治/金融危機(jī)5.boostvt.

使增長；使興旺;n.

增長；提高；激勵(lì)boosttheeconomy促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展 boostsb'sconfidence增強(qiáng)某人的信心boostexports/profits增加進(jìn)口/提高利潤giveaboostto促進(jìn)6.yieldn.

產(chǎn)量；產(chǎn)出;

vt.出產(chǎn)（作物）；產(chǎn)生（收益、效益等）;vi.屈服；讓步high/lowyield高產(chǎn)/低產(chǎn) yieldtosb./sth.向.....屈服/讓步7.convincevt.

使相信；使確信；說服convincing adj.令人信服的convinced adj.確信的:堅(jiān)信的ofsth. 使某人信服某事convincesb.todosth. 說服某人做某事that... 使某人確信......beconvincedof/that... 確信......①You'llneedtoconvincethem________________yourenthusiasmforthejob.②Scientistssaythereisno________________(convince)evidencethatpowerlineshaveanythingtodowithcancer.③Hewasabsolutely________________(convince)thathewasright.單句表達(dá)④我希望這能說服你改變主意。Ihopethiswill____________________________________yourmind.⑤試圖讓她相信她不需要減肥是沒有用的。It'suselesstryingto________________________________shedoesn'tneedtoloseanyweight.8.characteristicn.

特征；特點(diǎn)；品質(zhì);character(漢)字，字體、字符;(小說、戲劇等的)角色、人物;(人的)性格、品質(zhì);特性、特征【寫出character的中文意思】1.Hisbestcharacterishonesty.2.Everycountryhasitsuniquecharacter.3.YoucanseemanycartooncharactersinDisneyland.4.GrowingupinAmerica,hedoesn’tknowanyChinesecharacters.9.attainvt.

（通常經(jīng)過努力）獲得；得到attainable adj.可達(dá)到的，可實(shí)現(xiàn)的attainone'sgoal實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo) attainknowledge獲得知識(shí)10.conventionaladj.

傳統(tǒng)的；習(xí)慣的convention n.習(xí)俗，常規(guī);大會(huì)；公約conventionalmethods/behaviour 傳統(tǒng)方法/循規(guī)蹈矩的行為socialconventions 社會(huì)習(xí)俗11.pollinatevt.

授粉；傳粉pollinationn.傳粉 pollinatorn.傳粉者;傳粉昆蟲12.assumptionn.

假定；設(shè)定；（責(zé)任的）承擔(dān)；（權(quán)利的）獲得assumev.假定 assumingconj.假如makeanassumption做假設(shè)；認(rèn)為 assumeresponsibility承擔(dān)責(zé)任assumesbtobe/as假定某人是.. assumingthat假如①Wecan’tassumethesuspects________________(be)guiltysimplybecausethey'vedecidedtoremainsilent.②Itwasimpossibletomake________________(assume)aboutpeople'sreactions.13.intenseadj.

熱切的；十分強(qiáng)烈的；激烈的intensityn.強(qiáng)烈;劇烈 intensiveadj.密集的intenselyadv.強(qiáng)烈地；熱切地 intensifyvt.(使)加強(qiáng)，增強(qiáng)，加劇intensepetition激烈的競爭 intenseheat/cold/pain酷熱/嚴(yán)寒/劇痛theintenseinterest濃厚的興趣14.overevt.克服；解決；戰(zhàn)勝overeovercameovereoveredifficulties/fear/disadvantages/one'sshyness克服困難/恐懼/缺點(diǎn)/羞怯beoverewith/byemotion 激動(dòng)得難以自持①Overe________________curiosity,theboylookedthroughthewindow.②She________________(overe)injuryandwontheOlympicgoldmedal.單句表達(dá)③他努力克服自己的羞怯。Hestruggledto__________________________________.④她激動(dòng)得難以自持，有好幾分鐘說不出話來。________________________________，shefoundherselfunabletospeakforafewminutes.15.expandvt.

＆vi.

擴(kuò)大；增加;.

擴(kuò)展；發(fā)展（業(yè)務(wù)）expansion n.擴(kuò)大;擴(kuò)張expandon/uponsth 詳述/詳細(xì)闡明某事16.estimatevt.估計(jì)；估價(jià)；估算;n.估計(jì)；估算estimation n.估計(jì)，估算，評(píng)價(jià)Itisestimatedthat 據(jù)估計(jì)17.domesticadj.

本國的；國內(nèi)的；家用的；家庭的domesticallyadv.國內(nèi)地;家庭式地; abroadadv.國外的domesticaffairs/politics/flights 國內(nèi)事務(wù)/政治/航班domesticappliances/chores 家用器具/家務(wù)瑣事18.consumptionn.

消耗；消耗量；消費(fèi)consumev.消耗，消費(fèi)；吃，喝 consumern.消費(fèi)者，顧客consumefood/drink/wine 吃東西/喝飲料/飲酒consumevastamountsofmoney 花很多錢beconsumedby/withsth. 被……吞;充滿(某種強(qiáng)烈的感情)①25percentoftheworld'spopulation________________(consume)80percentoftheplanet'sresources.②Asanation,our________________(consume)ofjunkfoodishorrifying.③Suchlawscouldprotectthe________________(consume)fromharmfulordangerousremedies.④那座旅館很快被大火吞噬。Thehotelwasquickly________________________________.19.prisev.包括；包含；由……組成beprisedof由……組成 bemadeupof由……組成consistof由……組成（無被動(dòng)） includingsb/sth包括某人/某物=sb/sthincluded20.generatevt.

產(chǎn)生；引起generation n.代generateprofit/ine產(chǎn)生利潤/收益 generateexcitement/interest產(chǎn)生興奮/引起興趣21.envisionvt.

展望；想象visionn.想象:視力;視野:影像 visualadj.視力的，視覺的envisionthefuture 展 望未來havegood/perfect/poor/normalvision 視力好/極好/差/模糊/正常22.realityn.

現(xiàn)實(shí)；實(shí)際情況；事實(shí)realadj.真的;真實(shí)的 reallyadv.真正地inreality事實(shí)上；實(shí)際上 turn...intoreality把……變成現(xiàn)實(shí)beeareality 成為現(xiàn)實(shí)【拓展】“事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上”的表達(dá)①intruth/fact/effect②asamatteroffact③actually①Iam________________(real)happytohearfromyou!②In________________(real),Jobs

would

continue

his

struggle

with

cancer

for

the

next

six

years.③The________________(real)

is

that

there

is

not

enough

money

to

pay

for

this

project.

22.urbanadj.

城市的；都市的；城鎮(zhèn)的ruraladj.鄉(xiāng)村的；農(nóng)村的 urbanizationn.城市化23.extensionn.

擴(kuò)建部分；擴(kuò)大；分機(jī)extendv.延伸；擴(kuò)大 extensiveadj.廣闊的；外延的24.chemicaladj.

與化學(xué)有關(guān)的；化學(xué)的;n.

化學(xué)制品；化學(xué)品chemicallyadv.化學(xué)上 chemistryn.化學(xué);化學(xué)成分chemistn.化學(xué)家;藥劑師chemicalreactions 化學(xué)反應(yīng)25.fertiliser(izer)n.

肥料fertileadj.肥沃的;富饒的 fertilityn.富饒;豐產(chǎn)fertilizev.施肥于 fertilizationn.施肥chemicalfertilizer化學(xué)肥料26.nutritionaladj.

營養(yǎng)（物）的nutritionn.營養(yǎng):滋養(yǎng) nutritiousadj.有營養(yǎng)的:營養(yǎng)豐富的27.alleviatevt.

減輕；緩解alleviation n.緩解alleviatetheproblem/situation/suffering 減輕/緩解問題狀況/痛苦28.povertyn.

貧窮；貧困pooradj.貧窮的 alleviatepoverty緩解貧困29.organicadj.

有機(jī)的；不使用化肥的；有機(jī)物的organicallyadv.有機(jī)地;有組織地;器官上地organn.(人體或動(dòng)植物的)器官；風(fēng)琴organicfarming有機(jī)種植/農(nóng)業(yè) organicfood有機(jī)食品30.bacteriumn.

細(xì)菌 ium后綴名詞變復(fù)數(shù)形式bacterium→bacterian.細(xì)菌 medium→median.媒介；媒體stadium→stadia（或stadiums）n.體育場31.inturn相應(yīng)地；轉(zhuǎn)而；依次；輪流 byturns交替；輪流 taketurnstodosth.輪流做某事It'sone'sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事32.digestvt.＆vi.

消化;.

領(lǐng)會(huì)；領(lǐng)悟;n.

摘要；文摘 digestiveadj.消化的 digestionn.消化，消化能力newsdigest新聞?wù)?3.essentialadj.

完全必要的；極其重要的 essentiallyadv.太質(zhì)上;基本上 essencen.本質(zhì)beessential/vital/crucialto/for... 對.....必不可少的Itisessentialthat… ……是必要的/至關(guān)重要的34.mineraln.

礦物；礦物 minen.礦；礦物質(zhì) minern.礦工mineralwater礦泉水35.alternativen.

可供選擇的事物;

adj.

可供替代的；非傳統(tǒng)的 alternatively adv.二者擇一地；或者h(yuǎn)avethealternativeofdoingsth. 有做某事的選擇【拓展】別無選擇不得不做某事：havenoalternative/choice/optionbuttodosth.havenothingtodobutdosth.candonothingbutdosth. can’t(help)butdosth.36.depthn.

向下（或向里）的距離；深（度） deepadj.深的，厚的 deeplyadv.深深地;在深處地deepenvt.使加深;使強(qiáng)烈the/adepthof……….的深度 indepth在深度上;深入地;詳細(xì)地37.rootn.根；根莖；根部；根源v.生根 berootedin 扎根于；跟源于38.aspectn.

方面；層面inthisaspect在這個(gè)方面 everyaspectoflife生活的各個(gè)方面詞匯變形1.devotionn.獻(xiàn)身,奉獻(xiàn)，忠誠→devotevt.為...付出時(shí)間;努力;金錢等→devotedadj.獻(xiàn)身的;專心致志的;忠實(shí)的2.shortagen.不足,缺少→shortadj.短缺的,短的→shortenvt.使變短,縮短3.crisisn.危及,危急關(guān)頭→_crisesn.危及,危急關(guān)頭(復(fù)數(shù))4.convincevt.使相信→convincingadj.令人信服的→convincedadj.確信的5.characteristicn.特征,特點(diǎn),品質(zhì)adj.典型的,獨(dú)特的→characterizevt.描述,是…..的特征→charactern.(字，字體;(小說、戲劇等的)角色、人物;(人的)性格;特征6.attainvt.(通過努力獲得),得到→attainableadj.可達(dá)到的,可得到的7.conventionn.習(xí)俗,慣例→conventionaladj.常規(guī)的,傳統(tǒng)的8.pollinationn.傳粉,授粉→pollinatevt.傳粉,授粉9.assumptionn.假定,設(shè)定,(責(zé)任)的承擔(dān),(權(quán)力)的獲得→assumevt.假設(shè),承擔(dān)10.intensityn.強(qiáng)烈;緊張;劇烈;強(qiáng)度;烈度;→intenseadj.強(qiáng)烈的,激烈的→intensiveadj.密集的,徹底的,細(xì)致的11.expansionn.擴(kuò)大,擴(kuò)張,擴(kuò)充→expandv.擴(kuò)展,發(fā)展(業(yè)務(wù))12.consumptionn.消耗(量),消費(fèi)(量)→consumevt.消耗,消費(fèi)13.generationn.代,一代→generatevt.