山東省青島市2024-2025年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題 【含答案解析】

青島市2025年高二年級(jí)調(diào)研檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題2025.01注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫(xiě)在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案劃在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15B.￡9.18C.￡9.15答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatwillthemandothisafternoon?ATakeaFrenchclass. B.Gotothelibrary. C.Seeafilm.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Jennifer,areyougoingtothelibrary?W:No,I’mgoingtothecinemanearourschool.AfamousFrenchmoviewillbeontherethisafternoon.Doyouwanttogowithme?M:Sure.IthinkitcanhelpmyFrenchlearning.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhatseemstobeJenny’sproblem?A.Sheistoobusy. B.Sheisseriouslyill. C.Sheisn’tqualifiedforherwork.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Jenny,everytimewemeet,youlookabittired.W:Well,honestly,I’malwaysonthegobecauseofwork,schoolpickupsandotheractivities.Ihavenotimetorelaxmyself.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howmuchshouldthemanpayfortheticket?A$20. B.$45. C.$90.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:I’dliketobuyaround-triptraintickettoChicago.I’mleavingonMarch20andcomingbackonMarch25th.W:Thatwillbe45dollarsfortheone-wayticket.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthatfilm?A.Boring. B.Moving. C.Amusing.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Ilovedwatchingthatromanticfilmwithyou.Iwasdeeplytouchedbythehappyending.W:Itwasagoodlovestory,butIguesswe’dbettertrysomecomediesoractionmoviesnexttimeincasewerunoutoftissuesagain.M:That’strue.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Talkshows. B.Currentevents. C.Interviewskills.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Henry,couldyouexplaintalkshowstome?M:Yes,theyareTVshowswhereahostorhostsinterviewguestsaboutaparticulartopicorjusthaveconversationsaboutcurrenteventsorpopculture.W:NowIsee.Thankyou.第二節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whatistheman?A.Adriver. B.Arepairman. C.Awaiter.7.Whatisthemangoingoutfor?A.Achat. B.Adrink. C.Histools.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M:Hello,I’mPaulfromSpeedyComputers.Didyoucallforarepair?W:Ohyes,I’mgladyoucame.IwashavingavideochatwithmysoninChinawhenthecomputerscreensuddenlywentblack.M:Didyoucheckthepowersupply?W:Yes,everythingseemstobenormal.IneedittoberepairedbecauseIhavesomeurgentworktodealwith.M:Okay,I’lltrymybest.W:CanImakeyouacupofteaorcoffee?M:Nothanks.Ihadadrinkafewminutesago.I’lljustgoouttomycarandgetmytools.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.HowdoesGracesound?A.Confused. B.Interested. C.Disappointed.9.Whatwilltheyprobablydonext?A.Cleanthetable. B.Downloadtheapp. C.Haveameal.【答案】8.B9.C【解析】【原文】W:Peter,canyouhelpsetthetable?M:Justamoment,Grace.I’mtryinganappthatusesAIandhelpsusersmakeart.W:That’samazing.Canyoushowmehowtouseit?M:Sure,youjustneedtogiveitsomewords.Forexample,let’stellitakoalaonaballoon.See,itgivesusfourdifferentpicturesallshowingakoalaonaballoon.Isn’tthatcool?W:Ohwow.Ican’tbelieveit.Iwanttheapponmyphone.HowcanIdownloadit?M:I’llsendyouthelinklater.Nowweshouldgodownstairs.Mothercalledustodinner.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Hostandguest. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Bossandemployee.11.WhatdoesMrs.Brownconsidervitaltorunningabusiness?A.Greatproducts. B.Goodcommunication. C.Considerateservice.12.WhatdoesMrs.Brownintendtodoattheendoftheconversation?A.Recommendalanguagetrainingprogram.B.Collectopinionsforhertrainingprogram.C.Encouragepeopletocommunicatedirectly.【答案】10.A11.B12.A【解析】【原文】M:WelcomeMrsbrown,weallknowyou’vehadaverysuccessfulcompany.Canyousharewithourlistenersthesecretofsuccess?W:It’smypleasure.Goodcommunicationisvitalinallareasoflife,especiallywhenitcomestorunningabusiness.Afterall,it’snousecreatingthegreatestproductorserviceintheworld.IfyourteamisunabletoconvincinglyshareitwithpotentialcustomersM:Thatmakesperfectsense.Butveryfewpeoplearebornasgreatpublicspeakersornaturalcommunicators.W:Youareright.Soitcomesdowntoacquiringtheseskillsbylearningfromyourmistakes,participatinginusefultraining.M:Whatcanpeoplefocusontraining?W:Forexample,whenspeaking,youmustensurethatthepace,volumeandclarityofspeechishelpfulforyourlisteners.Italsoinvolvesyourwordchoice,bodylanguageandselfconfidence.Prebusinesscanhelpwithlanguagetraining.Youcanexploreourcorporatelanguagetrainingprogramonourwebsite.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Attheoffice. B.Onthestreet. C.Overthephone.14.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday. B.Tuesday. C.Wednesday.15.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.She’saguide. B.She’sateacher. C.She’sastudent.16.Whatdoesthewomanfinallydecidetodo?A.Gotothemuseumalone.B.Makeagroupreservation.C.Putoffherplanuntilnextweek.【答案】13.C14.A15.B16.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,NationalGeographicMuseum.HowmayIhelpyou?W:Hello,I’dliketogotheretomorrow.Couldyoutellmetheopeninghours?M:WewillbeclosedonMondayandTuesday.Ithinkyoucancomethedayaftertomorrowatthesoonest.Itisopenfromtenamtofivepm.W:Okay,I’lldrivethere.WhereshouldIpark?M:Parkingisnotavailableformuseumticketholders.Youcanfindaparkinglotnearby.W:IfI’mtakingmystudentswithme,isthereanydiscountonfare?M:Yes.NationalGeographicisperfectforstudentandadultgroupsofallages.Wewelcomeyoutolearn,engageanddiscover.Youneedtofilloutthegroupreservationrequestform.We’llcallyoubackafterwecalculatethediscountedfare,butinthatcase,youneedtopostponetheplanagain.Allgroupreservationsmustbemadeatleasttwoweeksinadvance.W:Isee.I’llgoandseebymyselfthistime.Thankyouverymuch.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.WhendidSinclaircometoChina?A.Attheageof19. B.Attheageof21. C.Attheageof25.18.WhoinspiredSinclair’sinterestinChineseculture?A.Histeacher. B.Hisfamilymember. C.Hisfriends.19.WheredidSinclairlearnSichuan-stylepenjing?A.Inparks. B.Inaschool. C.OntheInternet.20.WhatisSinclair’sdream?A.Tobecomeaworld-famousartist.B.Toholdanexhibitionofhiscreations.C.TospreadSichuan-stylepenjingworldwide.【答案】17.C18.B19.A20.C【解析】【原文】InChengdu,aCanadianhasbecomefascinatedbytheartofpenjing,orChinesebonsai.HisnameisChadSinclair.He’s46yearsold.HecametoChina21yearsagotolearnChinesepenjing.HefellinlovewithChengduanddecidedtostayhere.Sincethen,hehasbeenseekinginspirationfrommountains,rocks,plantsandtreestodesignhisownpenjingcreations.Fromayoungage,undertheinfluenceofhisgrandmother,SinclairdevelopedastronginterestinChineseculture,especiallytheartofbonsai.In1997attheageofnineteen,SinclairbegantolearnfromTakayama,aworld-classJapanesebonsaimaster.ButhehadalwayswantedtovisitChina,wheretheartoriginated.InChengdu’sparks,SinclairlearnedofSichuanstylepenjing.AsoneofthefiveschoolsofChinesepenjing,Sichuanstylepenjingisanationalintangibleculturalheritagewithelegantshapes.HehopestocombinehisownstylewiththeSichuanstyleconceptandintroducetheSichuanstylepenjingtotheworld.HetookalotofpicturesandhisfriendswhoareoutsideofChinarepostedthem.Today,SinclairhasbecomeasomewhatfamouspenjingartistinSichuan.HehasalsobeenselectedastheExpopromotionambassadorfortheInternationalHorticulturalExpo2024Chengdu.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AChoosinganeco-friendlygiftisathoughtfulwaytoshowcareandcontributetothebettermentoftheworldwelivein.Thisarticleexploressomeofthebestgreengiftsforyourfriends.PatagoniaWomen’sDownWithItParkaThiscoatisanexcellentgiftfortheeco-awarewomeninyourlife.Itismadeof100%reusedpolyester.ThePatagoniacompanyiscommittedtofairemploymentpracticesanddesignsitsproductsforlongevity,meaninglesswastesincethecoatdoesn’tneedfrequentreplacements.ParavelAviatorCarry-OnSuitcaseThissuitcasemadefromsustainablematerialsisdesignedtobelong-lasting,andtheParavelcompanyiscommittedtominimizingitsenvironmentalimpactthroughinitiativessuchasusingrenewableenergytooffset(抵消)carbonreleasefromshipping.UnitedbyBlueCeramicMugMadefromsustainablematerials,thismug(馬克杯)caneasilyreplacesingle-useplasticcups.Bestofall,UnitedbyBlueremovesonepoundoftrashfromoceansandwaterwaysforeverymugsold,supportingenvironmentalcleanupefforts.EverlaneReNewTransitBackpackStylish,functional,andtravel-friendly,theReNewTransitBackpackisperfectforyouradventurouslovedones.Plus,itismadefrom100%reusedmaterialsandgetsitsbeautifulcoloringfrombluesign?-approveddyes(染料),whicharebetterfortheenvironment.21.Whyarethegiftsrecommended?A.Theyhavespecialdesigns.B.Theyfollowthelatesttrends.C.Theyusesustainablematerials.D.Theyaredelightfulandaffordable.22.Whichcanbethebestgiftforanadventurer?A.PatagoniaWomen’sDownWithItParka.B.ParavelAviatorCarry-OnSuitcase.C.UnitedbyBlueCeramicMug.D.EverlaneReNewTransitBackpack.23.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythetextappear?A.What’son. B.Digital&Gaming.C.Gogreen. D.Joinus.【答案】21.C22.D23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章推薦了四件環(huán)保型的禮物?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PatagoniaWomen’sDownWithItParka部分中“Itismadeof100%reusedpolyester.(它由100%再利用的聚酯制成)”、ParavelAviatorCarry-OnSuitcase部分中“Thissuitcasemadefromsustainablematerialsisdesignedtobelong-lasting(這款由可持續(xù)材料制成的行李箱旨在經(jīng)久耐用)”、UnitedbyBlueCeramicMug部分中“Madefromsustainablematerials,thismug(馬克杯)caneasilyreplacesingle-useplasticcups.(這款由可持續(xù)材料制成的杯子，可以輕松替代一次性塑料杯)”和EverlaneReNewTransitBackpack部分中“Plus,itismadefrom100%reusedmaterialsandgetsitsbeautifulcoloringfrombluesign?-approveddyes(染料),whicharebetterfortheenvironment.(此外，它由100%再利用的材料制成，其美麗的色彩來(lái)自通過(guò)bluesign?認(rèn)證的染料，這種染料對(duì)環(huán)境更加友好)”可知，文章推薦這些禮物是因?yàn)樗鼈兪褂每沙掷m(xù)材料。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EverlaneReNewTransitBackpack部分中“Stylish,functional,andtravel-friendly,theReNewTransitBackpackisperfectforyouradventurouslovedones.(時(shí)尚、實(shí)用且適合旅行的ReNewTransit背包，是送給你熱愛(ài)冒險(xiǎn)的親人的完美禮物)”可知，EverlaneReNewTransitBackpack這款背包非常適合冒險(xiǎn)家。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Choosinganeco-friendlygiftisathoughtfulwaytoshowcareandcontributetothebettermentoftheworldwelivein.Thisarticleexploressomeofthebestgreengiftsforyourfriends.(選擇一件環(huán)保禮物是一種貼心的方式，既能表達(dá)關(guān)愛(ài)，又能為我們生活的世界做出貢獻(xiàn)。本文為你探索了一些最適合送給朋友的綠色禮物)”可知，文章的主要內(nèi)容是推薦環(huán)保禮物，強(qiáng)調(diào)了這些禮物的可持續(xù)性和對(duì)環(huán)境的影響。這與環(huán)保主題密切相關(guān)，因此最可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的Gogreen“變得環(huán)?！卑鍓K。故選C項(xiàng)。BThelasttimeIvisitedmyparents,Iborrowedanovelfromtheshelvesinmyoldbedroom.Thebooksthereoncebelongedtome,butoverthedecades,myfatherhastakenoverthespace.It’sfitting.Igrewupinahousefullofbooks,freetoexploreanything,aslongasIreturnedit.Butthat’shardernow.Myparents,intheir80s,stillliveinManhattan,whileI’minLosAngeles.ThebookIgrabbedwasanovelbyS.A.Cosby.Atfirst,Iwassurprisedmyfatherknewofhim,butwhynot?ForaslongasIcanremember,he’sbeenaregularathisneighborhoodbookstore.Heusedtosayhewouldn’tmindagingaslongashecouldread.Evennow,Ioftenfindhimwithabook,thoughIfearhe’sbeguntofalloutofthenarrative(敘述).Ididn’treadthebookuntilIwasbackinSouthernCalifornia.Ididn’twantmyfathertoknowIhadthebook.Ididn’twanthimtofeelanystressaboutit,thoughthetwoofushavebeentalkingbookseversinceIwas12.Ididn’twanttoknowwhathemightormightnotrecall.Openingitfeltlikeopeningaconversationwithmyfather,retracinghisstepsandreadingthroughhiseyes.Ienjoyedthenovel,thoughthat’sbesidethepoint.Whatstruckmemostwasaplotlineaboutfeelingsadforone’sparents,aprocessI’mbeginningtounderstand.WhenIfinished,Iranmyfingersovermyfather’smarkonthecover,thoselettershe’dpressedintothecoverwithahand-heldmetalpress,spellingoutanamethesameasmine.ThenIslippedthebookintomysuitcase,certaintoreturnitnexttimeIvisit.24.Whyisitfittingforthefathertotakeovertheauthor’soldspace?A.Becausebothareattachedtoreading.B.Becausethefatherlovescollectingbooks.C.Becausetheauthor’sbooksarepreservedthere.D.Becausethefatherneedsspaceforbookshelves.25.Whydidtheauthornotwanthisfathertoknowhehadthebook?A.Toputthebookintohisowncollection.B.Toavoidpressureonhisfathertodiscussit.C.Tofreehisfatherfromtoomuchreading.D.Tomaintainasenseofprivacyinreading.26.HowdidtheauthorfeelwhilereadingCosby’snovel?A.Inspiredbytheplotline. B.Connectedtohisfather.C.Eagertosharewithothers. D.Surprisedathisfather’smark.27.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?AReturningHome B.LovethroughPagesC.ThePowerofBooks D.MyFather,aGreatReader【答案】24.A25.B26.B27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者通過(guò)閱讀父親的書(shū)，感受到與父親之間的情感聯(lián)系?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Igrewupinahousefullofbooks,freetoexploreanything,aslongasIreturnedit.(我在一個(gè)充滿(mǎn)書(shū)籍的房子里長(zhǎng)大，可以自由探索任何書(shū)籍，只要我歸還它們)”和“ForaslongasIcanremember,he’sbeenaregularathisneighborhoodbookstore.Heusedtosayhewouldn’tmindagingaslongashecouldread.Evennow,Ioftenfindhimwithabook,thoughIfearhe’sbeguntofalloutofthenarrative(敘述).(從我記事起，他就一直是附近書(shū)店的?？?。他過(guò)去常說(shuō)，只要還能閱讀，他就不介意變老。即使現(xiàn)在，我經(jīng)?？吹剿掷锬弥槐緯?shū)，盡管我擔(dān)心他已經(jīng)開(kāi)始跟不上故事情節(jié)了)”可知，父親接管作者的舊空間是合適的，因?yàn)閮扇硕紝?duì)閱讀有著深厚的感情。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Ididn’twantmyfathertoknowIhadthebook.Ididn’twanthimtofeelanystressaboutit,thoughthetwoofushavebeentalkingbookseversinceIwas12.Ididn’twanttoknowwhathemightormightnotrecall.(我不想讓父親知道我拿了這本書(shū)。我不想讓他因此感到任何壓力，盡管我們倆從我12歲起就一直在討論書(shū)籍。我也不想知道他可能記得或可能不記得的內(nèi)容)”可知，作者這樣做事希望避免讓父親感到需要討論這本書(shū)的壓力。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Openingitfeltlikeopeningaconversationwithmyfather,retracinghisstepsandreadingthroughhiseyes.(打開(kāi)它就像打開(kāi)了與父親的對(duì)話(huà)，追溯他的腳步，通過(guò)他的眼睛閱讀)”可知，作者在閱讀時(shí)感到與父親有某種聯(lián)系。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要以作者拿了一本父親讀過(guò)的書(shū)來(lái)閱讀為線(xiàn)索展開(kāi)，講述了作者讀這本書(shū)前不希望父親知道自己拿了這本書(shū)，在閱讀時(shí)感受到與父親的對(duì)話(huà)，并通過(guò)父親的視角理解故事，決定之后和父親一起討論這本書(shū)，這展現(xiàn)了父子之間通過(guò)書(shū)籍建立的情感聯(lián)系。因此，B項(xiàng)“通過(guò)書(shū)籍傳遞的愛(ài)”最契合文章主旨，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。CCatsperformbetterthanhumanbabiesonasimplemeasureoflanguagecomprehension.Theresearch,publishedOct.4inthejournalScientificReports,revealedthat.Researchinthepastfiveyearshasshownthatcatscanrecognizenotonlytheirownnamesbutthoseoffamiliarhumansandanimals.Butcantheyassociatewordsandobjectsmoregenerally?Totestthistheory,SahoTakagiandherteamgave31adultcatsasimplewordgameusedtoinvestigatethesameabilityinhumanbabies.Thecatswereshowntwonine-secondcartoonclips(電影片段)withrecordingsoftheirownersrepeatingamade-upwordovereachimage.Thetwoclips-aredsunlabeled“paramo”andablueunicornwiththeword“keraru”-wererepeateduntilthecatsappearedtogetboredandpaid50%lessattentiontothescreen.Afterashortbreak,theimageclipswererepeated,butthistime,halfofthepairingswereswitched.Theswitchedclipsvisiblyaffectedthecats,withrecordingsof“paramo”alongsidetheunicornand“keraru”withthesunholdingtheirinterestanaverageof15%longer.Thatthecatsnoticedthischangeandwereclearlyperplexedbyitisgoodevidencethattheyhadformedalinkbetweenthewordsandimages,writteninthestudy.Theexperimentrevealedthatthecatswereabletolearnthecombinationsfromjusttwonine-secondexposures-significantlyfasterthanbabies,whorequiredatleastfour20-secondtrials.However,thesecomparisonsshouldnotbeoverinterpreted.“You’recomparinganadultanimalwithanimmatureanimalfromadifferentspecies,”saidDr.CarloSiracusa,ananimalbehavioristattheUniversityofPennsylvania.“Moreover,acertainnumberofthecatshavetobeexcluded,sothere’salreadyabias(偏見(jiàn))-notafaultoftheresearch.Interactingwithcatsintheexperimentisnoeasytask.”headded.Despiteitslimitations,thestudydoesshowthatcatsarecapableofformingpicture-wordassociations,theteamwroteinthepaper,althoughwhetherthisisaninbornabilityoraproductofdomesticationremainsamystery.28.WhydidSahoTakagiandherteamcarryouttheexperiment?A.Totestcats’recognitionoffamiliarnames.B.Toexplorecats’word-objectassociationability.C.Torevealcats’secretoflanguageunderstanding.D.Tocomparecats’memorywiththatofhumanbabies.29.Whatispresentedinparagraph2?A.Datacollection. B.Resultanalysis.C.Practicalexamples. D.Experimentalmethods.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“perplexed”inparagraph3mean?A.Attracted. B.Surprised.C.Frightened. D.Confused.31.Whatisonelimitationofthestudy,asmentionedbyDr.CarloSiracusa?A.It’sdifficulttoengagecats.B.There’renotenoughclipsinvolved.C.Thecatstestedarechosenrandomly.D.Similaritiesbetweenspeciesareignored.【答案】28.B29.D30.D31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究表明，貓?jiān)诤?jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)言理解能力上表現(xiàn)得比人類(lèi)嬰兒更好，它們能夠?qū)卧~和圖像聯(lián)系起來(lái)，但這項(xiàng)研究也有一定的局限性?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。第一段提到“Butcantheyassociatewordsandobjectsmoregenerally.(但它們能更普遍地將單詞和物體聯(lián)系起來(lái)嗎？)”和第二段“Totestthistheory,SahoTakagiandherteamgave31adultcatsasimplewordgameusedtoinvestigatethesameabilityinhumanbabies.(為了測(cè)試這一理論，SahoTakagi和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)讓31只成年貓玩了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的文字游戲，這個(gè)游戲用來(lái)調(diào)查人類(lèi)嬰兒是否具有同樣的能力。)”可知，SahoTakagi和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)進(jìn)行這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)是為了探索貓的單詞-物體聯(lián)想能力。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Totestthistheory,SahoTakagiandherteamgave31adultcatsasimplewordgameusedtoinvestigatethesameabilityinhumanbabies.Thecatswereshowntwonine-secondcartoonclips(電影片段)withrecordingsoftheirownersrepeatingamade-upwordovereachimage.Thetwoclips-aredsunlabeled“paramo”andablueunicornwiththeword“keraru”-wererepeateduntilthecatsappearedtogetboredandpaid50%lessattentiontothescreen.(為了測(cè)試這一理論，SahoTakagi和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)讓31只成年貓玩了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的文字游戲，這個(gè)游戲用來(lái)調(diào)查人類(lèi)嬰兒是否具有同樣的能力。給貓看兩段九秒鐘的卡通片段，同時(shí)播放主人重復(fù)一個(gè)虛構(gòu)單詞的錄音。這兩段片段——一段是標(biāo)有‘paramo’的紅色太陽(yáng)，另一段是標(biāo)有‘keraru’的藍(lán)色獨(dú)角獸——重復(fù)播放，直到貓似乎感到厭煩，對(duì)屏幕的注意力減少了50%。)”可知，第二段主要介紹了實(shí)驗(yàn)方法，包括實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象、實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程和實(shí)驗(yàn)材料。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“Theswitchedclipsvisiblyaffectedthecats,withrecordingsof“paramo”alongsidetheunicornand“keraru”withthesunholdingtheirinterestanaverageof15%longer.(交換后的視頻片段明顯影響了貓，paramo的錄音與獨(dú)角獸一起播放，以及keraru的錄音與太陽(yáng)一起播放，平均吸引了它們15%更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的注意力)”以及“Thatthecatsnoticedthischangeandwereclearly…byitisgoodevidencethattheyhadformedalinkbetweenthewordsandimages,writteninthestudy.(研究報(bào)告中寫(xiě)道，貓注意到了這種變化，并且顯然被它……，這是它們已經(jīng)在單詞和圖像之間建立了聯(lián)系的有力證據(jù))”可知貓對(duì)交換后的片段明顯有反應(yīng)，興趣平均延長(zhǎng)了15%，可推測(cè)貓是對(duì)這種變化感到困惑，所以“perplexed”意思是“困惑的”，與“Confused”同義，故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Interactingwithcatsintheexperimentisnoeasytask.(在實(shí)驗(yàn)中與貓互動(dòng)并非易事)”可知，卡羅?西拉庫(kù)薩博士提到的研究局限性之一是很難讓貓參與進(jìn)來(lái)，即很難與貓互動(dòng)，故選A項(xiàng)。DThereisatendencyamonghow-toenthusiaststotalkaboutcreativityasifithadfixedgoals:thingsyouknowfromthestartwillturnouttobenovelsorsymphonies(交響樂(lè)).Writersandmusicianswhohavesufferedmanyfailuresknowthisisanunlikelytask.Iftheyhavetotalkaboutit,theyuse“artisticvision”andleaveitatthat.However,experiencetellsmethatcreativityoftenliestoonesideofadeclaredaim.Someyoungwritersareattractedbytheideathattheycanidentifyamodelandknockoutathriller.Well,maybeso,butnovelscantakeoncountlessshapes.Theproblembecomesclearwhenyoustartworkcreatively,becausetheneedtobelieveinafixedgoalwillholdyouback.Scientistscallthisneedtheseteffect.Itfindsthatageneraltendencyexiststofavourknownmethodsinproblem-solvingattheexpenseofalternatives.Itisalsoagoodwayofdescribingwhatcanhappenwhenanartisticapproachstopsproducingresults.Afewyearsago,whenIfinishedMurmur,anovelaboutAlanTuring,IknewIwouldn’tbeworkingthatwayagain.Nevertheless,Itriedasecondhistoricalfiction.Failed.Meanwhile,Iwasplayingthepianoandcomposingontheside,whichworkednicely.So,theside-longviewisimportant.Theworldofnaturealsoofferssimilarcases.Insectsandsomebirdsrelylessonaninbuiltmapoftheworldtolocatefoodthanonwhattheyseewhentheyaremoving.Whenabeefliessideways,generatingmotionparallax(運(yùn)動(dòng)視差),aflowercanbeclearlylocated.Perhaps,artisticvisionisapartofphysicalseeing,wherelookingfromdifferentanglesismoreimportantthanstaringstraightatsomething.Creativeprojectsandartisticvisioncomefromourinbornresponsetotheworldaroundus.Andsincetheworldisalwayschanging,soisourcreativity—it’sneverfixedorsetinstone.32.Howdowritersandmusiciansviewcreativityinthefirstparagraph?A.Ithasuncertainties. B.Itishiddeninfailures.C.Itcomeswithafixedgoal. D.Itislimitedtospecificfields.33.Whatmadetheauthorfailinthecreationofthefiction?A.Influenceoftheseteffect. B.Lackinghistoricalknowledge.C.Tryinganewartisticapproach. D.Distractionfromplayingthepiano.34.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Explanationoftheseteffect. B.Deepresearchintoinsectlife.C.Supportingevidenceinnature. D.Doubtsoninsects’inbornabilities.35.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestinthelastparagraph?A.Stayingflexible. B.Livingtothefullest.C.Keepingexploring. D.Holdingontoyourgoal.【答案】32.A33.A34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章探討了創(chuàng)造力的不確定性，指出固定目標(biāo)和方法會(huì)限制創(chuàng)意，強(qiáng)調(diào)從多角度觀察和靈活應(yīng)對(duì)變化是激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力的關(guān)鍵?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thereisatendencyamonghow-toenthusiaststotalkaboutcreativityasifithadfixedgoals:thingsyouknowfromthestartwillturnouttobenovelsorsymphonies(交響樂(lè)).Writersandmusicianswhohavesufferedmanyfailuresknowthisisanunlikelytask.(在那些熱衷于“如何做”的人中，有一種傾向是談?wù)搫?chuàng)造力，仿佛它有固定的目標(biāo)：從一開(kāi)始就知道會(huì)變成小說(shuō)或交響樂(lè)的東西。經(jīng)歷過(guò)多次失敗的作家和音樂(lè)家知道，這幾乎是不可能的任務(wù))”可知，作家和音樂(lè)家認(rèn)識(shí)到創(chuàng)造力具有不確定性，不是從一開(kāi)始就有固定目標(biāo)的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Scientistscallthisneedtheseteffect.Itfindsthatageneraltendencyexiststofavourknownmethodsinproblem-solvingattheexpenseofalternatives.Itisalsoagoodwayofdescribingwhatcanhappenwhenanartisticapproachstopsproducingresults.Afewyearsago,whenIfinishedMurmur,anovelaboutAlanTuring,IknewIwouldn’tbeworkingthatwayagain.Nevertheless,Itriedasecondhistoricalfiction.Failed.(科學(xué)家將這種需求稱(chēng)為定勢(shì)效應(yīng)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們?cè)诮鉀Q問(wèn)題時(shí)普遍傾向于使用已知方法，而忽視了其他選擇。這也是描述當(dāng)一種藝術(shù)方法不再產(chǎn)生結(jié)果時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生什么的一種好方式。幾年前，當(dāng)我完成了Murmur——一部關(guān)于艾倫·圖靈的小說(shuō)時(shí)，我知道我不會(huì)再以那種方式工作了。然而，我還是嘗試了第二部歷史小說(shuō)，結(jié)果失敗了)”可知，作者在創(chuàng)作小說(shuō)時(shí)失敗，是因?yàn)樗噲D重復(fù)之前的方式，受到了定勢(shì)效應(yīng)的影響。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“So,theside-longviewisimportant.Theworldofnaturealsoofferssimilarcases.Insectsandsomebirdsrelylessonaninbuiltmapoftheworldtolocatefoodthanonwhattheyseewhentheyaremoving.Whenabeefliessideways,generatingmotionparallax(運(yùn)動(dòng)視差),aflowercanbeclearlylocated.(因此，從側(cè)面著眼很重要。自然界也提供了類(lèi)似的例子。昆蟲(chóng)和一些鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)在尋找食物時(shí)，較少依賴(lài)內(nèi)置的世界地圖，而是更多地依靠它們?cè)谝苿?dòng)時(shí)看到的東西。當(dāng)蜜蜂側(cè)飛時(shí)，產(chǎn)生運(yùn)動(dòng)視差，花朵的位置就能被清晰地確定)”可知，本段主要通過(guò)昆蟲(chóng)和鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的例子說(shuō)明從側(cè)面著眼的重要性，提供了自然界的支持證據(jù)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Perhaps,artisticvisionisapartofphysicalseeing,wherelookingfromdifferentanglesismoreimportantthanstaringstraightatsomething.Creativeprojectsandartisticvisioncomefromourinbornresponsetotheworldaroundus.Andsincetheworldisalwayschanging,soisourcreativity—it’sneverfixedorsetinstone.(或許，藝術(shù)愿景是物理視覺(jué)的一部分，從不同角度觀察比直盯著某樣?xùn)|西更為重要。創(chuàng)意項(xiàng)目和藝術(shù)愿景源于我們對(duì)周?chē)澜缗c生俱來(lái)的反應(yīng)。既然世界總是在變化，我們的創(chuàng)造力也是如此——它從來(lái)不是固定不變的)”可知，作者認(rèn)為創(chuàng)造力也應(yīng)該是靈活的，需用從多角度出發(fā)，而不是固定不變的。由此可知，作者建議保持靈活。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Wealldoit.Welookatourmountainofworktobedoneandthefeelingoffearsettlesin.Suddenlyeverythingelseyoucouldbedoingbeginstolooksomuchmoreappealing.What’sthedeal?____36____Butwhenfacingataskthatischallenging,wequestionourabilitiesandevenourselves.That’swhereprocrastination(拖延癥)begins.____37____.Whilethesearegoodtools,theydon’tshowthewholepictureofhowtothinkaboutthisall-too-commonandfrustratingphenomenon.Weneedtodealwiththefeelingshiddenunderthesurfacethatbothleadtoprocrastinationandoriginatefromit.Ifwelookatatask,saydoingthedishes,wedoaninternalassessmentandconcludethattaskwon’tmakeusfeelgood.Sowhatdowedo?Anythingotherthanthattask.Sowhat’sthesolutionhere?Waitinguntiltheproblemissobadthatwehavenochoice?____38____Whatifinstead,webegintowelcometheideathatunfulfillingtasksarealsoacceptable?Inaworldwhereinstantpleasureandself-fulfillmentarepushedonus,weforgetthatalargepartofbeinghumanisjustboring.AndthatisOK.Compassion(同理心)canandshouldbeinvitedinaswell.Whenwebegintoprocrastinate,weknowitandthatcanbeit.____39____Infact,yourworthasahumanbeingdoesnotdisappearifdishesareleftinthesink.Procrastinationcanandwillcontinuetohappenbecauseweliveinabusyworldwheretaskswillrollyourwayandyouwillneedtodealwiththemastheycome.Whenthelistsandtechniquesforbetterorganizationfail,don’tbesurprised.____40____A.Notexactly.B.Theproblem’surgencycounts.C.Simplyput,wewanttofeelgood.D.Makeaplanandsticktoittoavoidprocrastination.E.Weneednotlinkthiskindofactwithself-judgment.F.Justreturntotherootoftheemotionsandbekindtoyourself.G.Commonreactionstoitfocusonmakinglists,settingtimes,etc.【答案】36.C37.G38.A39.E40.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了拖延癥產(chǎn)生的原因以及應(yīng)對(duì)方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Welookatourmountainofworktobedoneandthefeelingoffearsettlesin.Suddenly,everythingelseyoucouldbedoingbeginstolooksomuchmoreappealing.(我們看著堆積如山的工作，恐懼的感覺(jué)油然而生。突然，你能做的其他所有事情看起來(lái)都更有吸引力了)”可知，人們?cè)诿鎸?duì)大量工作時(shí)，會(huì)感到害怕，進(jìn)而選擇做其他更吸引人的事情。由此可知，人們拖延是因?yàn)橄胱鲎屪约焊杏X(jué)好的事情，與C項(xiàng)“Simplyput,wewanttofeelgood.(簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)，我們想要感覺(jué)良好)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Whilethesearegoodtools,theydon’tshowthewholepictureofh