2020-2021學(xué)年四川省成都某中學(xué)高二（上）月考英語試卷（12月份）（附答案詳解）

2020?2021學(xué)年四川省成都外國語學(xué)校高二(上)月考英語試卷

(12月份)

A

Appscanhelpanyusers,eventhosewhoarenotstudents,getmoreorganizedandimprovetheir

work.Whetherornotyouareastudent,herearesomeappsworthconsidering.

Quizlet

Quizletisastudyaidapp.ltisfilledwithflashcardsonmanysubjectstostudy.Quizlethaslinkstosubjects

like：Arts&Literature；Languages&Vocabulary；Math&Science；History&Geography；Standardized

Tests：Professional&Careers.Theapphasamixoftext,imagesandaudiorecordings,including

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FreeGraphingCalculatorApp

TheFreeGraphingCalculatorletstheusercreateuptofourgraphsatonce,andletsusersadjustthegraphs

forthebestviews.Youcanchangemeasurementswithintheimageeasilyusingtheapp.Themathematics

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PomoDoneApp

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appisfrcc.Paidextrafeaturesareavailable.

1.What'sthesamefeatureofthethreeapps?

A.Theycanbeusedtohelpusersforfree.

B.Theycanbeusedtodividetimeintoblocks.

C.Theycanbeusedtoexplainsomeimportantmaths.

D.TheycanbeusedtostudyEnglishfreely.

2.WhatkindofworkcanyouuseFreeGraphingCalculatorApptodo?

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B.Intheadvertisingcolumn.

C.FromthePomoDonewebsite.

D.FromtheFreeGraphingCalculator.

B

Doyoulovefo(xl?Whetheryou'reaf(x)dieorsomeonewhojustlikeseating,thereissomuchtochoose

from.Weknowthattoomuchofthewrongkindoffoodcanbebadfbrourhealth,butforsomepeople

havingafoodallergymeanseatingcertainthingscanactuallybeharmful-andnow.itseems,(hjsis

affectingmoreandmoreofus.

Anallergyiscausedbytheimmunesystemfightingsubstancesintheenvironment,knownasallergens(過

敏原)?whichshouldbeseenasharmless.Foodallergiescancauselife-lhreateningreactions.whichmeans

peoplehavetospendtheirlivesfollowingstrictdietaryrestrictionsandworryingabouttheingredientsof

eveiythingtheyconsume.AllergyspecialistDrAdamFoxsays,"Ifyoulookbackover,say,30or40

years---therearcmuchmoreallergicproblemsaroundnow(hantherewere."

Weoftenhearaboutpeoplehavingallergiestodairyproductsandtopeanuts.Lastyearayounggirldied

aftersufferingadeadlyallergicreactionfromeatingabaguettecontainngsesameseeds.Thisledtoacall

forbetterfood-labellinglaws.

Researchhasfoundthatthisprohle:nisparticularlyaffectingchildren.Moreandmoreofthemarehaving

allergicreactionstocertainfoodstuffs.DrAlexandraSantosfromKing'sCollegeLondonsays"food

allergynowaffectsabout7percentofchildrenin(heUKand9percentofthoseinAustralia.Across

Europe.2percentofadultshavefocdallergies".

Sowhatmightbethecause?DrSantossaystheincreaseinallergiesisnotsimplytheeffectofsociety

becomingmoreawareof(hemandbetteratdiagnosingthem；itseemstobemoreenvironmental.Shesays

possiblefactorsare"poilution,dietarjfchangesandlessexposuretomicrobes(微生物)，whichchange

howourimmunesystemsrespond"

Alotofworkisbeingdonetotryandfindacurc,butthat'snotcasy.Sofornowallergysufferersmust

watchwhat(heyeatandtheymustrelyonclearandaccuratelabelling.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"inparagraph1referto?

A.Havinganimbalanceddiet.

B.Beingallergictosomecertiiinfood.

C.Consumingtoomuchofharmfulfood.

D.Fightingsubstancesintheenvironment.

5.WhichofthefollowingwritingskillsisNOTusedinparagraph2&3?

A.Givingadefinition.B.Makingacompar：son.

C.Offeringanexample.D.Presentingspecificdata.

6.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.Dailyproductsaretoblameformostfoodallergies.

B.Kidsdon'tsufferfromfoodallergiesasmuchasadults.

C.Allergiesunknowninthepastmaybediagnosednow.

D.Moreexposuretomicrobescanreducefoodallergies.

7.What'sapracticalsuggestionforallergysufferers?

A.Neverirynewfood.B.Makeeffortstofindacure.

C.Haveabalanceddiet.D.Readlabelsbeforeeating.

c

Whatmakesoneagreatperson?ThelegendaryvolleybalcoachLangPinggavetheanswer

intherecentdocumentaryTheIronHammer,tilledafterhernicknameforherpowerfulstrikes.

ThedocumentaryfeaturesLang'sinspiringjourneyfromhergoldmedalvictoryasavolleyballplayerin

the1984Olympicstoherunparalleled（無可比擬的）

careerasasuccessfulcoachforbothTeamUSAfrom2005to2008andChinasince2013.SheledtheUS

toasilvermedalfinishandChinatoagoldmedaltriumphinthe2008and2016OlympicGames,making

herthefirstpersontowinOlympicvolleyballgoldasaplayerandcoach.

LangPingrevealedthesecrettosuchremarkableachievementsinthedocumentary."Ibelievevolleyball

wasmydestiny."shesaid.

Buigloryandchallengesgohandinhand.Troubledbysevereinjuriestohercervicalvertebra

（頸椎），back,waistandknees,causedbyintenseexerciseandhardwork,the60-year-oldhasundergone

morethan10surgeries."Nopartsofmybodyfunctionwell,"shejoked.

Bu（illnessiscertainlynottheonlydifficultyLanghasfacedthroughouthercareer.In

2005，shestruggledwithbalancingraisingherdaughterLydiaBai

Lang,wholivedintheUS.andhercoachingcareer,accordingtoChina

SportsDaily.SheeventuallydecidedloworkforUSAVolleyballthatyearandthisdecisionarousedalot

ofnegativecommentsbackinChirui.

"I'mproudofbeingChinese."Langrespondedinaninteniew.Later,shereturnedtoheadtheChinese

women'svolleyballteamin2013?leadingthe（cam

successfullydefendingitsWorldCupcrownwithaperfectrecordof11straightwinslastyear.

ThereisnodoubtthatLangisonecfthegreatestplayersandcoachesinhistory.Asanathletecommented

inthedocumentary,"LangPingislikeMichaelJordaninourminds."

8.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Waystobecomeagreatperson.

B.ReasonsforLangPing'ssuccess.

C.LangPingandhersuccessfulcareer.

D.Greatathletesandtheirachievements.

withoutthetechnology.Truckswithemergencybrakingsystemshad12percentfewercrashes.

Teobsaidthefindingscouldhevaluablefortruckingcompaniesanddriverswhoareconsideringwhether

togetsafetydevicesontheirnextvehicles.

InIheUnitedStates,therearecurrentlynorequirementsforeithersystem.InEurope,automatic

emergencybrakingwithforwardcollisionwarninghasbeenrequiredb〉iheEuropeanUniononmostnew

largetruckssincelate2013>theinstitutesaid.

12.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusaboutU.S.trafficaccidentsinParagraph1?

A.Theseriousness.B.Theconsequence.

C.Theunpredictability.D.Thecauses.

13.Howcansafetysystemshelpachievefewerinjuriesandlessdamagewhilecrashing?

A.Bysendingalerts.B.Bycuttingspeed.

C.Bymakingnoises.D.Byturningofftheengine.

14.WhatisTeob'sattitudetowardsthesafetysystems?

A.Indifferent.B.Neutral.C.Approving.D.Negative.

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.SafetyDevicesCanbeHardioEaseYourWorries.

B.SafetyDevicesCanReduceBigTruckRearCrashes.

C.MakingYourselfaPerfectDriver.

D.DrivingWellforLessDamage.

Atsomepointwhenyouwereachild.atrustedadultlikelytoldyouthatifyouheldaseashelluptoyour

ear,you'dheartheocean.(1)Seashellsarenotspecialcapsulesthathavestoredthesoundsof

theirnativehomes.

Butwhatexactlyis(hatrushingsoundyou'rehearing?(2)'Thesoundofanemptyshellheld

uptotheeariscreatedbyechoes(回聲)fromsoundsmadeintheenvironment."GeeratJ.Vermeil,a

distinguishedprofessorofEarthandPlaneiarySciencesattheUniversi:yofCaliforniajoldus.

(3)Otherstructureswithopenings,likeemptybowlsorbottles,canproducesimilarsounds.

"Whenthenoisearoundushitstheinternalsurfaceofthishardseashell,multiplereflectionoccurs,"said

Vermeil."Whetheryouholdaseashellorthemouthofanemptybowlaroundyourear,youexperiencethe

ocean-likesoundqualityasaresultofaphenomenoncalled'resonance'."

(4)Ilsaysthatyou'rehearingthesoundofyourownrushingbloodinyourbody.Bu(scientists

alsoclarifythatitdoesn'tchangewilhvariationofpulseorbloodpressure."Allthisisperhapsabit

unimportant,butamoreinterestingquestioniswhatcontrolsthefrequenciesofechoes."Vermeil

added,indicatingthatthere'saneedforfurtherresearchintoshape,volumeandshellthicknessinrelation

topitch.(5)Actually,ifyouputashelltoyourcaronthebeach,(hesoundsyouhearwillinclude

partlysomeoceannoises.

A.Thesamegoesforshells.

B.Theanswerislessmystical.

C.Thiseffectisnotlimitedtoshells.

D.Nowyouprobablyknowthatthisisnottrue.

E.Scientistsareworkinghardtofindtheanswer.

F.Maybetheoriginalmythisnotcompletelyfalse.

G.There'sanotherexplanationfortherushingsoundinaseashell.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

Intheprocessofcelebratingmy60tnbirthdaywitha60daykindnesschallenge,Igotthegreatestbirthday

surprisefrommydaughters.WhentheyaskedmewhatI(21)formybirthday,Isaid."pleasedoa(22)act

forsomeoneinmv(23)."Theytookitwav(24).

Theygotin(25)withallmyfriendsandfamilymembersandaskedthemtodo(hc(26)thingIhadaskedof

them,asmybirthdav(27).Thentheyaskedthemto(28)themaftertheyhaddonetheir(29)andtellthem

whattheyhaddone.Tlieyalsoaskedtheirfriendstodothesame.

Onmybirthday?Iwaspreseniedwiiha(30)scrapbook(剪貼簿)filledwithpicturesandallihekindness

actswrittenoutintheirownwords,⑶)mewhattheyhaddoneandhowitmadethemfeel.

The"acts"rangedfrom(32)frequentflyermiles(飛行積分)sosomeonecouldvisittheirmom?

shoiteningshowers'duration(長度)tohelpwiththewater(33)>bringinganelderlyneighborcoffeein

themorning,stoppingtobuya(34)personlunch,(35)ataRedCrossblooddrive,tomany?manyother

beautifulgestures.

Icannottellyouhow(36)Iwasbyihisgift,andevenmoretouchedthattheiryoungadultfriendswould

(37)wiihsuchloveandenihusiasm.1cannot(38)abettergift.Ishare(hisstorywithihe(39)(hatmanya

beautiful"someone"passesonthisidea.Thejoyofitis(40)!

21.A.wantedB.plannedC.recommendedD.suspected

22.A.brightnessB.kindnessC.happinessD.politeness

23.A.reputationB.beliefC.honorD.trust

24.A.fartherB.deeperC.biggerD.greater

25.A.troubleB.agreementC.touchD.tune

26.A.variousB.preciousC.meaningfulD.same

27.A.presentB.promiseC.contributionD.sacrifice

28.A.talktoB.writetoC.stareatD.lookafter

29.A.behaviourB.responsibilityC.matterD.act

30.A.simpleB.complicatedC.gorgeousD.various

31.A.warningB.remindingC.tellingD.explaining

32.A.providingB.donatingC.lendingD.buying

33.A.shortageB.pollutionC.inlluenceD.disaster

34.A.fearlessB.homelessC.selflessD.careless

35.A.practisingB.instructingC.observingD.volunteering

36.A.disturbedB.satisfiedC.touchedD.disappointed

37.A.celebrateB.explainC.suggestD.participate

38.A.lookintoB.thinkofC.makeoutD.pickup

39.A.hopeB.decisionC.factD.opinion

40.A.challengingB.attractiveC.interestingD.astonishing

41.Onepieceofadvicefromtheforty-year-oldwomanisthatdonotcyourselfwithothers.

（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）

42.Whenyouthinkthatdoingsomethingwilltakeyoumuchtime,youarclikelytolosee

andfinallygiveup.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）

43.Amongthepopularrap-singers>PanWeiborthefirstinmyeyesandhewillbemy

superstarforever.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）

44.MydadwasfwithmewhenhefoundoutIhadn'thandedinmyhomeworktoMissLiand

liedlohim.Hecouldn'tcontrolhistemperandbealme.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）

45.ItisknownthatCubahasatclimatewithyear-roundsunshine.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）

46.InmanycountriessocialsmattersalotandpeoplechooseIheirjobsbasedonit*however

thisisnottrueinDenmark.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）

47.OnefactorthatcontributestoDanishpeople'shappinessisthattheyarcnotassasother

nationsandshowenoughtrustinother.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）

48.Doyouagreewiththewomanwhoclaimsthatmostthingsyoufwillusuallynever

happeninthefuture?（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）

49.Thegirlwhowasmadaboutbakinggotdwhenshefoundherovenbrokedown.（根據(jù)

首字母單詞拼寫）

50.Sometimeswhenaskedwhathappinessis,wefinditatquestionandwecouldn'tthinkof

theanswersimmediately.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)

51.選詞填空

takeover；giveup；cometoanend；dressup：moreorless：bring...toanend

consistof；aslongas：competewith；bychance；protestagainst：haveanadvantageover

(1)EveryyearwhenwccelebrateHalloween,littleboysarcusuallyaspirates.Spidcr-man?

Batman,CaptainAmericaorothersuperheroes.

(2)Twoweeksago,thespectacularperformancesoftheEnglishDramaContestforSeniorTwo

finallyataround9：39p.m.,whichimpressedall(hestudentsandteacherssomuch.

(3)TheWhileHousebyJoeBiddensincehewontheelectionlastmonth.

(4)Suggestionsfromotherpeoplecanbehelpfultous,sowe'dbettertaketheminto

considerationfirstandweighthebenefits.

(5)You'lldefinitelyachieveycurambitionyouhavethestrongawareness,setagoalandtake

actiontofightforthat.

(6)IfyoupaycloseattentiontoEnglishteachersinclassanddevoteenoughtimetolisteningand

speakingafterclass,youwillsurelyotherstudentsfromotherschools.

(7)Oneofthegroups4studentsgaveusanunforgettablepresentationyesterday,which

arousedallthestudents'interestinourtraditionalChinesefestivals.

(8)Ifyouencounteryourpreviousclassmateinthestreet30yearslater>canyourecognize

himorherimmediately?

(9)Frenchpeoplehavethehabitoftheunreasonablepoliciesorrulesoftheirgovernmentif

(hcy'rcdissatisfiedwiththosesituations.

(10)Lastmonth,thousandsofcontestantsfromdifferentregionseachotherintheChengdu

MarathonandfinallyonewomanfromGuizhouandonemanfromChengduwonthechampions.

52.Theoldladywholivesaloneisnotwillingtoaskherneighborsforhelpit'samatterof

greatimportance.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)

53.He(regret)totellhismother(hetruththeotherday,butnowhethinksit'saright

decision.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

54.IfJenny(follow)herteacher'sadvice>shewouldn'thavechosenthewrongsubjects.

(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

55.It'ssaidthatthetaxespaid?yDaneshaveincreased5%comparedwithlastyear.(用適

當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)

56.I'mreallysorry.Ishouldn't(lose)mytemperandyelledatyou.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形

式填空)

57.Deeply(upset)byhiswords,Juliafeltthatshewasn'tabletoconcentrateonwhatshe's

doing.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

58.It's(economy)tobuyvegetablesatastallthaninthesupermarket?becausetheprices

ofthoseinthestallareusuallylower.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

59.I'mscaredofinsects.Soitreally(disgusting)methattheylivedoninsectswhenthey

wereintherainforest.(所給詞的適"i形式填空)

60.MostDanesarcusedto(see)between50%-70%oftheirsalarygoingtothegovernment.

(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

61.Hiscompanycalledforabantopreventtheir(compete)allovertheworldfrommaking

thesameproduct.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

62.Thepandemicistillinplayaroundtheworld.OnNov23,morethan1.5millionpeoplehadbeen

confirmedinfectedwithcoronavimsintheUKwhilemorethan55,000people(1)(die),

accordingtotheofficialwebsiteoftheUKgovernment.

(2)(control)thespreadofthepandemic>UKPrimeMinisterBorisJohnsonannounced

afour-weeklockdownforEnglandfromNov5toDec2,BBCreported.

(3)thesecircumstances,studentsoftheUniversityofCambridgehavebeentoldthatthey

won'tbeabletograduateiftheyleavetheiruniversityaccommodationduringlockdown?according

totheTelegraph.

"Full-timestudentsarerequiredtofollowuniversityrulesinorderto(4)(award)their

degrees,"aseniortutoratJesusCollegetoldtheTelegraph."Ifyoudonothavethecollege's(5)

(permit)(ostudyremotely,youwillnotbeallowedioprogress(othenextyearofyour

coursetoreceiveyourdegreeifyouarein(helastyear."

AnotherseniortutoratRobsonCollegealsoissuedawarning(6)studentswholeaveduring

termtimewillbeinbreach(違反)oftheuniversity'srulesandwill"influence"(heirability(7)

(graduate).

According(oaCambridgespokesperson,theinstitutionisfollowingtheUKgovernmentguidanceby

"askingstudentsinresidencetoremainhereandavoidtravel(8)thenationallockdownis

inplace",theGuardianreponed.

Inaletter(9)(post)onsocialmedia,MichelleDonelan,MinisterofStateforUniversities,

alsourgedallstudentsintheUKthatthey"shouldnotleaveyourtermtimeaddressandreturntoyour

parentsorcarer'shome(10)atleastDec2".

63.【wastakingatraintoLondon'sVictoriaStation.!hadnoticedthatthecarriagewasnoiseand

filledwithpeoplc.Bcforclong,a(raininspectorcomestocheckouttickets.Apassengerrealizedhe

couldn'tfindhisticketbutbecamequiteupset.Theneveryoneinthecarriagebegansearchingthe

ticket,whichwaseventuallyfoundunderaseatseveralrowsfromhisowner.Thepersonwhofound

aticketsmiledwithpleasurealhissuccess.Noonein(hecarriagehadpreviousspokentooreven

noticedtheticket-ownerbefore.However,theyquicklyofferedthestrangerstheirhelp.Ifwecould

showconcerntoothersonneed,theworldwouldbeabetterplacetolivein.

64.假定你是李華，得知外教Mr.Hall寒假不回國，想邀請他到你家過春請給他寫一封

信，內(nèi)容包括：

1.時(shí)間：

2.一同過節(jié)的家人；

3.活動(dòng).

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫.

DearMr.Halh

Yourssincerely,

LiHua.

答案和解析

1?3.【答案】A、B、C

【解析】（1）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)QuizletW"QuizletisavailableasafreeappfromApple'siTunes

store.Quizlet是蘋果iTunes商店的免贄應(yīng)用程序"；FreeGraphingCalculatorApp部分的"TheFree

GraphingCalculatorisfree.免費(fèi)圖形計(jì)算器是免費(fèi)的"：以及PomoDoneApp部分的"Theappisfree.

這款應(yīng)用是免費(fèi)的?！笨芍?，這三個(gè)軟件都是免費(fèi)的。故選A。

（2）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FreeGraphingCalculatorApp部分的"TheFreeGraphingCalculatorletsthe

usercreateuptofourgraphsatonce,andletsusersadjustthegraphsforthebestviews.Youcanchange

measurementswithintheimageeasilyusingtheapp.（TheFreeGraphingCalculator允許用戶一次創(chuàng)

建多達(dá)四個(gè)圖形，并允許用戶調(diào)整圖形以獲得最佳視圖。你可以使用應(yīng)用程序輕松地更改圖像中

的測量值。）”可知，這款軟件可以讓圖表更清楚。故選B。

（3）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的"TheappisavailableforcomputersfromthePomoDonewebsite.

這款應(yīng)用可以在PomoDone網(wǎng)站上下載。"可知，這款軟件可以從PomoDone網(wǎng)站獲得。故選C。

這是一篇應(yīng)用文.應(yīng)用程序可以幫助任何用戶，其至那些不是學(xué)生的用戶，變得更有條理，并改

善他們的工作。文章主要介紹三種應(yīng)用程序，包括其功能以及收費(fèi)等情況。

閱讀理解，要先通讀全文，再結(jié)合題目到文章中針對性的尋找與題目相關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)，抓關(guān)鍵詞、關(guān)

鍵句，仔細(xì)推敲，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，逐一排除，如是錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)，一定要明白表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤所在：如是正確選

項(xiàng)，一定是完全符合原文作者所要表達(dá)的意思、觀點(diǎn)或想法，或與文章中某些細(xì)節(jié)完全相符。

4?7.【答案】B、D、C、D

（解析】（1）B.代詞指代題。根據(jù)第一段的"forsomepeoplehavingafoodallergymeanseatingcertain

thingscanactuallybeharmful-andnow,itseems,thisisaffectingmoreandmoreofus."（對于一些有食

物過敏癥的人來說，意味著吃某些種類的東西事實(shí)上是有害的--并旦現(xiàn)在似乎這正在影響著越來

越多的人。）根據(jù)句意，推測劃淺部分指代上文提到的“對某種食物過敏的情況”。故選B項(xiàng)。

<2）D.推理判斷題。第二段中使用了下定義的說明方法，如"Analergyiscausedbytheimmune

systemfightingsubstancesin（heenvironment,knownasalergens'"（過敏是由于兔疫系統(tǒng)對抗環(huán)境中

的物質(zhì)，被稱為過敏原。）：作比較的說明方法，如"lfyoulookbackover,say,30or40years..thereare

muchmorealergicproblemsaroundnowthantherewere."（如果你叵傾三四十年前…現(xiàn)在有更多的過

敏問題。）：第三段使用了舉例子的說明方法，如"Lastyearayounggirldiedaftersufferingafatal

allergicreactionfromeatingabaguettecontainingsesameseeds."（去年，一個(gè)年輕女孩因?yàn)槌粤撕?/p>

芝麻的法棍面包而導(dǎo)致致命的過敏反應(yīng)而死亡。），但是這兩個(gè)自然段都沒有提供具體的數(shù)據(jù)信

息，故選D項(xiàng)。

（3）C.推埋判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的“DrSantossaystheincreaseinalcrgiesisnotsimplytheeffectof

societybecomingmoreawareofthemandbetteratdiagnosingthem；.....”（桑托斯博士說，過敏癥的

增加并不僅僅是因?yàn)樵絹碓揭庾R(shí)到它們的存在，和越來越善于診斷出；….可知，現(xiàn)在人們對過敏

癥意識(shí)更強(qiáng)、過敏癥也能夠更好地診斷出來。由此推測，以前不為人們所知道的過敏癥，現(xiàn)在可

能被診斷出來。故選C項(xiàng)。

（4）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題?根據(jù)最后一段的"Sofornowalergysufferersmustwatchwhattheyeatandthey

mustrelyonclearandaccuralelabelling."（因此，現(xiàn)在過敏患者必次注意他們吃的東西，他們必須

依靠清晰淮確的標(biāo)等.）可知,給過敏癥患者實(shí)用的建議是“在吃東西前先認(rèn)直閱讀標(biāo)簽，故選

D項(xiàng)。

本文是一篇說明文。研究表明，慨乎越來越多的人對不同類型的食物產(chǎn)生了過敏反應(yīng)，究竟有哪

些原因?qū)е铝诉@一現(xiàn)象呢？文章就此展開說明。

I.直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致

的題目。2.間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，

做題時(shí)需要對原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，3.綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原

文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的

信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。

8~11.【答案】C、B、A、D

【解析】（1）C.主旨大意題。通讀全文內(nèi)容，本文通過記錄片《鐵榔頭》主要介紹了排球教練

郎平的排球生涯以及人們對她的評(píng)價(jià)，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知C項(xiàng)LangPingandhersuccessfulcareer

（郎平與她的成功事業(yè)）符合文意，因此答案選C.

（2）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的In2005?shestruggledwithbalancingraisingherdaughter

LydiaBaiLang,wholivedintheUS,andhercoachingcareer,according

toChinaSportsDaily.SheeventuallydecidedtoworkforUSAVolleyballthat

year（據(jù)《中國體育報(bào)》報(bào)道，她的女兒在美國生活，2005

年，她在撫養(yǎng)女兒麗迪婭?白朗（LydiaBaiLang）和教練生涯之間苦苦掙扎。她最終決定為美國

排球隊(duì)工作）由此可知郎平是為了家人去了美國，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知答案選B.

（3）A.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中的Troubledbysevereinjuriesiohercervicalvertebra

（頸椎），back,waistandknees,causedbyintenseexerciseandhardwork,the60-year-oldhasundergone

morethan10surgeries.（由于劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)和艱苦工作，她的頸椎、背部、

腰部和膝蓋受到嚴(yán)重傷害，這位6（）歲的老人已經(jīng)接受了10多次手術(shù)）可知盡管郎平取得成功，

但是卻經(jīng)歷r很多傷痛，本句處于段首，是主旨句，起承上啟下的作用，結(jié)合語境及選項(xiàng)可知?jiǎng)?/p>

線部分Butgloryandchallengesgohandinhand.的意思是"榮耀和挑戰(zhàn)是相伴而生的"，與A項(xiàng)

Successcomesataprice（成功是有代價(jià)的）意義一致，因此選A.

（4）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容ThereisnodoubtthatLangisoneofthegreatestplayersand

coachesinhistory.（亳無疑問，郎平是歷史上最偉大的球員和

教練之一，正如一名運(yùn)動(dòng)員在紀(jì)錄片中所說，正如運(yùn)動(dòng)員在紀(jì)錄片中所說，“郎平在我們心目中就

像邁克爾?喬丹.可以看出郎平在人們的心目中的地位跟喬丹是一樣的，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)文章提到喬

丹的目的是承認(rèn)郎平的地位和成就，因此答案選D.

本文通過記錄片《鐵榔頭》主要介紹了排球教練郎平的排球生涯以及人們對她的評(píng)價(jià)。

考查人物故事類閱讀理解。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。

12~15.【答案】A、B、C、B

【解析】（1）段落大意題。根據(jù)第一TheInsuranceInstituteforHighwaySafety,

aresearchgroupsupportedbycompaniesthatinsureownersofmotorvehicles,

saysU.S.crashcsinvolvinglargetrucksrosebynearlyone-thirdsincehittingarecordlowin2009.Atota

1of4,136peoplediedinsuchcrashesin2018,

with119deathsresultingfromlargetrucksrear-endingothervehicles.（高速公路安全保險(xiǎn)協(xié)會(huì)，一個(gè)

由為機(jī)動(dòng)車車主投保的公司支持的研究小組，說美國涉及大型卡車的撞車事故自2009年創(chuàng)歷史新

低以來上升了近三分之一。2018年，共有4136人死于此類事故，其中119人死于大型卡車追尾）

可知，在第?段作者通過數(shù)字告訴我們關(guān)于美國交通事故的嚴(yán)重性。故選A。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中However,

anewstudyhasfound（hatwhentherear-endcrasheshappened,

safetysystemswereabletoslowdownthevehiclesbyover50percent.

resultinginfewerinjuriesandlessdamage.（?一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)追尾事故發(fā)生時(shí),安全系

統(tǒng)能夠使車輛減速50%以上，從而減少傷害和損害）可知，安全系統(tǒng)通過降低速度幫助在追尾時(shí)

減少傷害和損害。故選B。

（3）觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段

Teobsaid（hefindingscouldbevaluablefortruckingcompaniesanddriverswhoareconsideringwhethe

rtogetsafetydevicesontheirnextvehicles.（Teob表示，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)對卡車公司和司機(jī)來說可能很有

價(jià)值，因?yàn)樗麄冋诳紤]是否在下?輛車上安裝安全裝置.）可推知，Teob對安全系統(tǒng)持支持態(tài)度。

故選Co

（4）標(biāo)題概括題。閱讀全文，并根據(jù)第二段中However,

anewstudyhasfoundthatwhentherear-endcrasheshappened,

safetysystemswereabletoslow