2023-2024學年河南省許平汝名校高二下學期開學英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省許平汝名校2023-2024學年高二下學期開學英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFourBestPlantstoGiveasGiftsChoosingagiftforsomeoneisalwaysachallenge.Givingplantsisonewaytotryiftherecipientisalreadyaplant-lover.Herearesomesuretoimpressasthoughtfulgifts.JadePlantThejadeplantisalargesucculent(肉質植物)thatmakesaperfectgiftforsomeonewho’smasteredparentingsucculents.Withawoodystem(莖),itlookslikeatreeoncegrowingtallenough.Besidesoccasionalwateringandabrightwindow,thejadeplanthasfewotherrequirements.Agoodchallengeforambitiousownersistoregularlycutoffitsheavyleavestoreduceweight.ChristmasCactusThisisasucculentwitheye-catchingflowersthatappearinwinter.Youmightassumeitapickyplant,butnothingcouldbefurtherthanthetruth.Itprefersbright,indirectlightandgrowswellinaveragepottingsoil.Thisplantprefersasteadywateringschedule,especiallyinwinter.Toencouragemoregrowth,plantitinahangingcontainerthatallowsitsbranchestohangdown.PaperwhiteSomepeoplejustaren’tinterestedinkeepinghouseplantsaroundlong-term,andpaperwhiteflowersareanexcellentgiftforanyoneyouknowwhofitsthismould.Paperwhitesgrowfrombulbs(鱗莖)andwillproduceflowersoutofseason.Therootsneedtobekeptrelativelydamp,butoncetheyareblooming(開花),there’snotmuchthatcangowrong.Theycanbereplantedoutsideaftertheyhaveruntheircourse.CornPlantThecornplantisforgivingofvariablelightconditionsandwateringroutines.Itgrowsslowly,butcanreachaheightoffourtosixfeet,andcanmakeanimpressivefloorplant.Itsleavesturnpalerindirectsunlighttoreflecttheextralight,anddarkergreeninshadyconditionstomaximizesunlightabsorption.1.Whichplantrequirespractisedgardeningexperience?A.Jadeplant. B.Christmascactus. C.Paperwhite. D.Cornplant.2.HowcanwehelpaChristmascactusgrowwell?A.Byreplantingitoutsidebeforeblooming. B.Bywateringitregularlyduringblooming.C.Bycuttingoffmostofitsheavyleaves. D.Bymakingitsbranchesgrowupwards.3.Whataffectsthecolourofleavesofacornplant?A.Thefrequencyofwatering. B.Itsfloweringtime.C.Itsrateofgrowing. D.Theamountofsunlight.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四種最適合作為禮物的植物?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JadePlant介紹中的第一句“Thejadeplantisalargesucculentthatmakesaperfectgiftforsomeonewho’smasteredparentingsucculents.(玉石植物是一種大型多肉植物，對于那些精通多肉植物的人來說，這是一個完美的禮物)”可知，Jadeplant是一種大型多肉植物，需要熟練的園藝經驗。故選A?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ChristmasCactus介紹中的第一句“Thisisasucculentwitheye-catchingflowersthatappearinwinter.(這是一種多肉植物，在冬天開著引人注目的花)”和第四句“Thisplantprefersasteadywateringschedule,especiallyinwinter.(這種植物喜歡固定的澆水時間，尤其是在冬天)”可知，在冬季規(guī)律澆水能幫助圣誕仙人掌長得好。故選B?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CornPlant介紹中的最后一句“Itsleavesturnpalerindirectsunlighttoreflecttheextralight,anddarkergreeninshadyconditionstomaximizesunlightabsorption.(它的葉子在陽光直射下變淺以反射額外的光線，在陰暗的條件下變深綠色，以最大限度地吸收陽光)”可知，光照量會影響玉米葉子的顏色。故選D。BCreightonisnostrangertothemedia.HewasthefaceofaTVseries,whichremainspopularforitsbehind-the-sceneslookattheupsanddownsofzoolife.Hewasoftenstoppedonthestreet,andisregularlycalled“themanfromthezoo”.Creighton’sfatherandhisbrotheralsoworkedatDublinZoo.“Idon’teverremembernotbeinginthezoo,”hesaid.Creighton’spassionforanimalwelfareisclear,andnotsomethingthathasreducedovertheyears—forhim,orhisfather.Justafewhoursearlierhewasatthevet’swithhisfatherwheretheir15-year-oldGermanshepherdhadtobeputtosleep.“Foranyzookeeper,losingananimalislikelosingapartofyourself,”saidCreighton.Hehasbeenpresentfortheeuthanasiaofanoldlion,whichreducedmanyzookeeperstheretotears.Hewaspresentforthedeathofachimpanzeeinher50swhobothCreightonandhisfatherhadcaredforovertheyears.Healsodescribedthedeathofarhino,whichescapedfromatransportcontainerin1996,assomethinggut-wrenching.InJanuary2021,heleftDublinZooandstartedhisownconsultancyagency,GlobalElephantCare.Heisworkingondevelopingelephantcareandenclosures(圍場)inFrance,theUK,theUS,Israel,AustraliaandtheUnitedArabEmirates,whereelephantswillhaveairconditioningtosavethemfromthe50-degreeheat.Heisalsoworkingonprojectstomanagethegradualreleaseofelephantsbackintothewild,butneverthelesstalksstraightlyabouttheirsituation.Thereareabout40,000Asianelephantsleftintheworld.Inanhour,therewillprobablybefiveorsixAfricanelephantskilledfortheirivory.Despitethecruelrealityforelephantsaroundtheworld,withincreasinghumanencroachment(侵占)ontheirnaturalhabitat,Creightonfacesitwithasmile.4.WhyisCreightonfamiliartomedia?A.HewasinvolvedinaTVprogram.B.Hefilmedadocumentaryonthepeople.C.Hepostedhisworklifeinthezooonline.D.Hewasthezookeeperofthepopularzoo.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gut-wrenching”inparagraph3mean?A.Tooproud. B.Greatlycheerful.C.Quitehelpless. D.Extremelyupset.6.WhatisCreighton’spurposeofestablishingGlobalElephantCare?A.Toraisemoneytohelpelephants.B.Toguaranteetheelephants’welfare.C.Tomanagetheelephantsinthewild.D.Toimproveelephants’livingconditions.7.WhatcanbeusedtodescribeCreighton?A.Efficientandjust. B.Sociableandloyal.C.Caringandoptimistic. D.Sensitiveandmean.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了克里頓這位前動物園工作人員的故事，以及他對動物福祉的深厚情感和他在動物保護方面的工作?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Creightonisnostrangertothemedia.HewasthefaceofaTVseries,whichremainspopularforitsbehind-the-sceneslookattheupsanddownsofzoolife.(克里頓對媒體并不陌生，他曾經是某電視劇的主角，該劇通過幕后的視角展示了動物園生活的起起伏伏，至今仍然很受歡迎)”可知，克里頓對媒體并不陌生的原因是他曾經參加過一個電視節(jié)目，故選A項。【5題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段劃線詞上文“Hehasbeenpresentfortheeuthanasiaofanoldlion,whichreducedmanyzookeeperstheretotears.Hewaspresentforthedeathofachimpanzeeinher50swhobothCreightonandhisfatherhadcaredforovertheyears.Healsodescribedthedeathofarhino,whichescapedfromatransportcontainerin1996,as(他目睹了一頭老獅子的安樂死，這讓那里的許多動物園管理員都流下了眼淚。一只50多歲的黑猩猩去世時，克雷頓和他的父親多年來一直在照顧它。他還將1996年一頭從運輸集裝箱中逃脫的犀牛的死亡描述為)”可知，犀牛從從運輸集裝箱中逃脫后死亡，這讓克里頓感到很難過。由此推知，第三段劃線部分的含義為“非常難過的”。故選D項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Heisworkingondevelopingelephantcareandenclosures(圍場)inFrance,theUK,theUS,Israel,AustraliaandtheUnitedArabEmirates,whereelephantswillhaveairconditioningtosavethemfromthe50-degreeheat.Heisalsoworkingonprojectstomanagethegradualreleaseofelephantsbackintothewild.(他正在法國、英國、美國、以色列、澳大利亞和阿聯(lián)酋等地致力于大象護理和圈養(yǎng)設施的發(fā)展，在這些地方，大象將擁有空調以抵御高達50度的酷熱。他還致力于開展逐步釋放大象回歸野外項目的管理工作)”可推知，建立全球大象護理中心的目的是為了確保大象的福祉，而大象的福祉包括但不限于充足的食物供給、適宜的生活條件和環(huán)境、社會結構的維持、安全以及健康。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Heisworkingondevelopingelephantcareandenclosures(圍場)inFrance,theUK,theUS,Israel,AustraliaandtheUnitedArabEmirates,whereelephantswillhaveairconditioningtosavethemfromthe50-degreeheat.Heisalsoworkingonprojectstomanagethegradualreleaseofelephantsbackintothewild.(他正在法國、英國、美國、以色列、澳大利亞和阿聯(lián)酋等地致力于大象護理和圈養(yǎng)設施的發(fā)展，在這些地方，大象將擁有空調以抵御高達50度的酷熱。他還致力于開展逐步釋放大象回歸野外項目的管理工作)”可推知，克里頓是一個有關愛之心的人。根據(jù)最后一段“Despitethecruelrealityforelephantsaroundtheworld,withincreasinghumanencroachment(侵占)ontheirnaturalhabitat,Creightonfacesitwithasmile.(盡管世界各地的大象面臨著殘酷的現(xiàn)實，隨著人類對其自然棲息地的日益侵占，克里頓還是微笑著面對)”可推知，克里頓是一個樂觀的人。故選C項。CAnewstudybyresearchersattheUniversityofBritishColumbia(UBC)andtheUniversityofVictoriahasshownthatcommonlevelsoftrafficpollutioncandamagehumanbrainfunctioninonlyamatterofhours.“Formanydecades,scientiststhoughtthebrainmaybeprotectedfromtheharmfuleffectsofairpollution,”saidseniorstudyauthorDr.ChrisCarlsten.“Thisstudy,whichisthefirstofitskindintheworld,providesfreshevidencesupportingaconnectionbetweenairpollutionandcognition.”Forthestudy,theresearchersbrieflyexposed25healthyadultstodieselexhaust(柴油廢氣)andfilteredairatdifferenttimesinalaboratorysetting.Brainactivitywasmeasuredbeforeandaftereachexposureusingfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(fMRI).Theresearchersanalyzedchangesinthebrain’sdefaultmodenetwork(DMN),asetofinter-connectedbrainregionsthatplayanimportantroleinmemoryandinternalthought.ThefMRIrevealedthatparticipantshaddecreasedfunctionalconnectivityinwidespreadregionsoftheDMNafterexposuretodieselexhaust,comparedtofilteredair.“WeknowthatalteredfunctionalconnectivityintheDMNhasbeenassociatedwithreducedcognitiveperformanceandsymptomsofdepression,soit’sconcerningtoseetrafficpollutioninterruptingthesesamenetworks,”saidDr.JodieGawryluk,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofVictoriaandthestudy’sfirstauthor.“Whilemoreresearchisneededtofullyunderstandthefunctionalimpactsofthesechanges,it’spossiblethattheymayimpair(損害)people’sthinkingorabilitytowork.”Notably,thechangesinthebrainweretemporaryandparticipants’connectivityreturnedtonormalaftertheexposure.Dr.Carlstenassumedthattheeffectscouldbelonglastingwhereexposureiscontinuous.Hesaidthatpeopleshouldbemindfuloftheairthey’rebreathingandtakeappropriatestepstominimizetheirexposuretopotentiallyharmfulairpollutantslikecarexhaust.8.Howdoestrafficpollutionaffectpeopleaccordingtothestudy?A.Exhaustingtheirbody. B.Decreasingtheirincome.C.Endangeringtheirsafety. D.Harmingtheirbrainfunction.9.WhatmaytheDMNberesponsiblefor?A.Growth. B.Sport. C.Memory. D.Behaviour.10.WhatcanpeopledotoreducetheimpactaccordingtoDr.Carlsten?A.Avoidbeingexposedtothepollutedairconstantly.B.Bemindfuloftheairqualityinanewcity.C.Measurethebrainactivityinlaboratories.D.Stayinsideahouseasoftenaspossible.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ARoleOfBrainWillBeRuinedB.TrafficPollutionMayImpairBrainFunctionC.AFamousUKUniversityDidAVitalStudyD.ASourceOfPollutionHasDrawnPeople’sAttention【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項新研究，該研究表明普通水平的交通污染可以在幾個小時內損害人類的大腦功能?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“AnewstudybyresearchersattheUniversityofBritishColumbia(UBC)andtheUniversityofVictoriahasshownthatcommonlevelsoftrafficpollutioncandamagehumanbrainfunctioninonlyamatterofhours.(英屬哥倫比亞大學(UBC)和維多利亞大學的研究人員進行的一項新研究表明，普通水平的交通污染可以在幾個小時內損害人類的大腦功能。)”可知，交通污染會損害人們的大腦功能。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段“Theresearchersanalyzedchangesinthebrain’sdefaultmodenetwork(DMN),asetofinter-connectedbrainregionsthatplayanimportantroleinmemoryandinternalthought.ThefMRIrevealedthatparticipantshaddecreasedfunctionalconnectivityinwidespreadregionsoftheDMNafterexposuretodieselexhaust,comparedtofilteredair.(研究人員分析了大腦默認模式網絡(DMN)的變化，這是一組相互連接的大腦區(qū)域，在記憶和內部思維中起著重要作用。功能磁共振成像顯示，與過濾空氣相比，接觸柴油廢氣后，參與者DMN廣泛區(qū)域的功能連通性下降。)”可知，DMN可能負責記憶。故選C。【10題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中“Dr.Carlstenassumedthattheeffectscouldbelonglastingwhereexposureiscontinuous.Hesaidthatpeopleshouldbemindfuloftheairthey’rebreathingandtakeappropriatestepstominimizetheirexposuretopotentiallyharmfulairpollutantslikecarexhaust.(Carlsten博士認為，如果持續(xù)接觸，這種影響可能會持續(xù)很長時間。他說，人們應該注意自己呼吸的空氣，并采取適當措施，盡量減少接觸汽車尾氣等潛在有害空氣污染物。)”可知，Carlsten博士認為，人們可以避免經常暴露在被污染的空氣中來減少影響。故選A?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“AnewstudybyresearchersattheUniversityofBritishColumbia(UBC)andtheUniversityofVictoriahasshownthatcommonlevelsoftrafficpollutioncandamagehumanbrainfunctioninonlyamatterofhours.(英屬哥倫比亞大學(UBC)和維多利亞大學的研究人員進行的一項新研究表明，普通水平的交通污染可以在幾個小時內損害人類的大腦功能。)”可知，文章主要介紹了一項新研究，該研究表明普通水平的交通污染可以在幾個小時內損害人類的大腦功能。故選B。DInrecentyears,studieshavesuggestedhowthebisphenolA(BPA)insomefood-packagingplasticshasbeenlinkedtovarioushealthproblemsincludingheartdiseaseanddevelopmentaldifficultiesinchildren.Scientistsarethusdevelopingamoreharmlessalternative,andit’smadefromtomatowastewhichwouldotherwisebegotridof.However,BPAisstillwidelyusedintheplasticcoatingswhichareappliedtotheinsideofmetalfoodpackagingsuchascans.Thesesmoothwaterproofcoatingshelpprotectthemetalfromcorrosion(腐蝕),plustheykeepthefoodfromstickingtotheinsideofthecontainer.Buildingonpreviousstudies,aninternationalteamhasresearchedatypeofagriculturalwasteknownastomatopomace.Thismaterialtypicallyconsistsoftomatoskins,seedsandstems,whichareleftoverafterthefruitshavebeenprocessedforuseinfoodssuchassaucesorjuices.Ordinarily,thepomaceissimplydumpedinalandfill,burned,oratbestcomposted.Itmayalsobeusedinanimalfeed,althoughitdoesn’thavemuchnutritionalvalue.Thescientistsstartedbydryingtomatopomace—firstinthesunforthreedays,thenina60℃ovenfor16hours—afterwhichtheygroundeditintoapowder.Thatpowderwassubsequentlymixedwithasodiumhydroxidesolution(溶液),whichwasthenheatedat100℃forfourhours.Afterrepeatedlyfilteringthatsolutiontoremovethesodiumhydroxide,theresearcherswereleftalipid.Thatlipidwasthenmixedintoanethylalcoholsolutionwhichwassprayedontosamplesofsomemetal.Oncethesprayhaddriedandthesampleshadbeenheatedina200℃ovenfor10to60minutes,theresultwasapolymerizedlacquercoatingwhichprovedtobeveryeffectiveatprotectingthemetal.Thescientistsnowplanontestingthecoatingonactualcans.“Wewouldtaketomatosauce,andotherfoodsthatareusuallysoldincans,andwewouldsterilizethem,putthemintinsandcheckiftheywithstandrealconditions,”saidascientist.12.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlikelytousetheplasticcoating?A.Apotfullofwater.B.Acupfilledwithcoffee.C.Atincontainingapplejuice.D.Anironboxstuffedwithpackagedfood.13.Whatdoweknowabouttomatopomace?A.It’susedasanimal’sfoodwithrichnutrition.B.Ithasbeenusedintheplasticcoatings.C.Peopleuseittomakesauceorjuice.D.Peopleusuallytreatitinmanyways.14.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph4?A.Howthenewcoatingiscreated. B.Whyheatingisimportant.C.Whyhightemperatureisneeded. D.Whatothermaterialsareincluded.15.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Topresentascientificstudy. B.Tointroduceanewmaterial.C.Toshowacomplexprocess. D.Toteachanactualtest.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了傳統(tǒng)的含有雙酚A的涂層會引發(fā)健康問題，因此科學家們使用番茄渣制成了一種新型涂層，以解決該問題，接下來研究人員會對該材料展開進一步的測試。【12題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“However,BPAisstillwidelyusedintheplasticcoatingswhichareappliedtotheinsideofmetalfoodpackagingsuchascans.Thesesmoothwaterproofcoatingshelpprotectthemetalfromcorrosion(腐蝕),plustheykeepthefoodfromstickingtotheinsideofthecontainer.(然而，雙酚A仍被廣泛應用于如罐頭等金屬食品包裝內部的塑料涂層。這些光滑的防水涂層有助于保護金屬免受腐蝕，還可以防止食物粘在容器內部)”可知，這種塑料涂層是用在如罐頭等金屬食品包裝內部，保護金屬免受腐蝕，再結合選項可知，C項“裝有蘋果汁的罐頭”最有可能使用這種涂層。故選C項?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Ordinarily,thepomaceissimplydumpedinalandfill,burned,oratbestcomposted.Itmayalsobeusedinanimalfeed,althoughitdoesn’thavemuchnutritionalvalue.(通常情況下，番茄渣被簡單地傾倒在垃圾填埋場，燃燒，或者最好用于堆肥。它也可以用于動物飼料，盡管它沒有太多的營養(yǎng)價值)”可知，番茄渣的處理方式包括：當作垃圾被填埋、燃燒、制作堆肥、制成動物飼料。由此可知，人們通常以多種方式處理它。故選D項?！?4題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Thescientistsstartedbydryingtomatopomace—firstinthesunforthreedays,thenina60℃ovenfor16hours—afterwhichtheygroundeditintoapowder.Thatpowderwassubsequentlymixedwithasodiumhydroxidesolution(溶液),whichwasthenheatedat100℃forfourhours.Afterrepeatedlyfilteringthatsolutiontoremovethesodiumhydroxide,theresearcherswereleftalipid.Thatlipidwasthenmixedintoanethylalcoholsolutionwhichwassprayedontosamplesofsomemetal.Oncethesprayhaddriedandthesampleshadbeenheatedina200℃ovenfor10to60minutes,theresultwasapolymerizedlacquercoatingwhichprovedtobeveryeffectiveatprotectingthemetal.(科學家們首先將番茄渣曬干——首先在陽光下曬三天，然后在60℃的烤箱里烘烤16個小時——然后將其磨成粉末。隨后將粉末與氫氧化鈉溶液混合，然后在100℃下加熱4小時。在反復過濾該溶液以去除氫氧化鈉后，研究人員得到了一種脂質。然后將脂質混合到乙醇溶液中，再將乙醇溶液噴灑到一些金屬樣品上。一旦噴霧干燥，樣品在20℃的烤箱中加熱10到60分鐘，成果是聚合漆涂層，被證明對保護金屬非常有效)”可知，本段具體介紹了科學家們處理番茄渣，將其制成新涂層材料的操作步驟。故選A項?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“Scientistsarethusdevelopingamoreharmlessalternative,andit’smadefromtomatowastewhichwouldotherwisebegotridof.(因此，科學家們正在開發(fā)一種更無害的替代品，它是由番茄渣制成的，否則這些廢棄物就會被處理掉)”可知，文章主要圍繞科學家們使用番茄渣制成的一種新型涂層展開，介紹了傳統(tǒng)的含有雙酚A的涂層會引發(fā)健康問題的背景情況，番茄渣這種材料的傳統(tǒng)處理方式，并描述了這種新型涂層的制作步驟和效果，以及進一步的研究方向。由此可知，文章的目的是介紹一種新涂層材料。故選B項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoOvercomethePost-vacationBluesManypeoplewhotravelonvacationmayfindthemselvesexperiencingpost-vacationblues,alsoknownaspost-vacationdepression.___16___Howeverunpleasantitmaybe,though,itcanbeovercomewithsometips.Adjustyoursleepscheduleaheadoftime.Manytravelersexperiencejetlag(時差反應)aftertraveling,especiallyifthetripcrossedoneormoretimezones.Jetlagcanaffectyourabilitytosleeponanormalschedule,makingyoudistractedafteryourvacation.___17___Itcanhelpmakethetransitionbacktoyournormallifealittleeasier.___18___Havingaworkoutroutinethatyousticktowhileyou’retravelingcanhelpkeepyouinshapeandreducestressandtiredness.Ifyoucontinuethathabitafteryoureturnfromyourtrip,yourbodywillhaveasenseofphysicalstabilityandreleaseendorphins,whichcanhelpfightdepressionaswell.Introduceelementsofyourtripintoyourdailylife.Ifyoureallyenjoythecuisineonyourtrip,makeapointoflearningtocookdishesfromthatcultureathome.Ifyoulovehearingandspeakingaforeignlanguage,committotakinglanguageorcultureclassesatalocalcommunitycollege.___19___Carryremindersofhomewhileyoutravel.___20___Thismayhelpeasethetransitionbackintoyournormalroutinewhenyoureturnfromyourtrip.Evensmall,easy-to-packitemslikeaphotographofyourfamilyorsomeotherfrequently-encounteredobjectscanhelp.A.Exercisewhileyou’reonvacation.B.Knowwhattoexpectwhenyoureturn.C.Souvenirscanremindyouofthefuntimeyouhad.D.Thisconditionismarkedbydistressanddiscomfortaftervacation.E.Adaptyourselftoyourhometimezonedaysearlierbeforereturning.F.Altogether,keeptheexcitementofdiscoveryalivewhereveryoulive.G.Studiessuggestitcanhelpreducethesenseofbeinginanewenvironment.【答案】16.D17.E18.A19.F20.G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些方法以幫助我們緩解節(jié)后綜合征的方法?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)空前“Manypeoplewhotravelonvacationmayfindthemselvesexperiencingpost-vacationblues,alsoknownaspost-vacationdepression.(許多度假旅行的人可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己經歷了假期后抑郁，也被稱為假期后抑郁癥。)”可知，很多人都會經歷假期后抑郁。選項D“Thisconditionismarkedbydistressanddiscomfortaftervacation.(這種情況的特點是度假后感到痛苦和不適。)”延續(xù)上文內容，指出假期后抑郁的具體癥狀。故選D。【17題詳析】根據(jù)空前“Jetlagcanaffectyourabilitytosleeponanormalschedule,makingyoudistractedafteryourvacation.(時差會影響你按正常作息的能力，讓你在度假后分心。)”可知，時差會影響我們的正常作息能力，讓我們在度假后分心。選項E“Adaptyourselftoyourhometimezonedaysearlierbeforereturning.(回國前提前幾天適應家鄉(xiāng)的時區(qū)。)”指出我們可以提前適應自己家鄉(xiāng)的時區(qū)，這樣就自然引出下文“Itcanhelpmakethetransitionbacktoyournormallifealittleeasier.(它可以幫助你更容易地過渡到正常的生活。)”，選項E起承上啟下的作用。故選E?！?8題詳析】空處為段首句，為本段主要內容。根據(jù)下文“Havingaworkoutroutinethatyousticktowhileyou’retravelingcanhelpkeepyouinshapeandreducestressandtiredness.Ifyoucontinuethathabitafteryoureturnfromyourtrip,yourbodywillhaveasenseofphysicalstabilityandreleaseendorphins,whichcanhelpfightdepressionaswell.(當你旅行的時候，有一個你堅持的鍛煉計劃可以幫助你保持體形，減少壓力和疲勞。如果你在旅行回來后繼續(xù)這個習慣，你的身體會有一種穩(wěn)定感，并釋放內啡肽，這也有助于對抗抑郁癥。)”可知，本段主要講述的是即便我們在旅游，我們也應該堅持鍛煉。選項A“Exercisewhileyou’reonvacation(度假時鍛煉。)”與本段內容相符。故選A?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文內容“Introduceelementsofyourtripintoyourdailylife.Ifyoureallyenjoythecuisineonyourtrip,makeapointoflearningtocookdishesfromthatcultureathome.Ifyoulovehearingandspeakingaforeignlanguage,committotakinglanguageorcultureclassesatalocalcommunitycollege.(把你的旅行元素引入你的日常生活。如果你在旅途中真的很喜歡當?shù)氐拿朗?，那就在家里學習一下當?shù)匚幕牟穗?。如果你喜歡聽和說一門外語，那就去當?shù)氐纳鐓^(qū)大學學習語言或文化課程。)”可知，我們可以在日常生活中注入旅行的元素。選項F“Altogether,keeptheexcitementofdiscoveryalivewhereveryoulive.(總之，無論你住在哪里，都要保持發(fā)現(xiàn)的興奮。)”是上文內容的總結，指的是將旅行元素引入我們的日常生活，這樣我們就能始終保持一種興奮感。故選F?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)空前“Carryremindersofhomewhileyoutravel.(旅行時隨身攜帶家的提醒。)”可知，作者建議我們離開家的時候帶個家中的東西。選項G“Studiessuggestitcanhelpreducethesenseofbeinginanewenvironment.(研究表明，它可以幫助減少在新環(huán)境中的感覺。)”延續(xù)上文內容，指的是家中的物品可以幫助我們減少在新環(huán)境中的不適，從而帶來空后“Thismayhelpeasethetransitionbackintoyournormalroutinewhenyoureturnfromyourtrip.(當你從旅行回來時，這可能有助于你輕松地過渡到正常的日常生活。)”。故選G。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Chiarasufferedastrokewhenshewastwoyearsold.Thediseaseledtoherdevelopinghemiplegia(偏癱)—aconditionthatcauses____21____ontherightsideofherbody.Asshegrewup,shewasalwaystryingto____22____herdisabledarmbehindherback,afraidofreceivingnegative____23____fromothers.Buta(n)____24____—oneshehadn’tintendedtouploadatfirstbecauseitwould____25____herarmtothepublic—startedherjourneytowardsbecomingavideologger.“Thisistheonlyphotoofmeandmygrandparents,whogavemethemost____26____buthadpassedaway.Ireally____27____thepictureanddecidednottohideitanymore.SoIposteditonline,”saidChiara.The____28____decisioninspiredhertoshareherexperienceswiththeworld.“My____29____wasalwaysthatIlookeddifferent,whichwasquiteahardthingtodealwith,”shesaid.“Unexpectedly,____30____gettinganyunfriendlyresponse—Igotnumerous____31____remarksonthecontrary.”Prettysoon,shewasmorethanhappytosharemoreaboutherlifeandevenher____32____abouthowtolivewithonlyonehandas____33____asshecould.Nowshehasmadevideosforsomecharitiesto____34____lifeforthosewhoarelikeher.Shesays,“Peoplehavesaid.‘You’ve____35____methatmychildcanbedependent.’”Lookingback,Chiarasaidshe’sreallyproudofhowfarshe’scome.21.A.marks B.wounds C.weakness D.pain22.A.ignore B.hide C.cure D.stretch23.A.number B.connection C.comments D.emotions24.A.file B.remark C.essay D.photo25.A.expose B.introduce C.compare D.limit26.A.doubt B.affection C.warnings D.presents27.A.treasured B.feared C.missed D.updated28.A.uncertain B.courageous C.regretful D.quick29.A.reward B.ambition C.struggle D.faith30.A.aheadof B.dueto C.otherthan D.insteadof31.A.appreciative B.casual C.critical D.offensive32.A.resolutions B.jokes C.tips D.missions33.A.cautiously B.independently C.frequently D.peacefully34.A.thinkover B.figureout C.relyon D.lightup35.A.convinced B.cheated C.defeated D.threatened【答案】21.C22.B23.C24.D25.A26.B27.A28.B29.C30.D31.A32.C33.B34.D35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了患有偏癱的Chiara主動分享自己的殘疾的照片并鼓勵他人的故事。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種疾病導致她患上了偏癱——一種導致她右側身體虛弱的疾病。A.marks標記，記號；B.wounds槍傷，傷處；C.weakness虛弱，軟弱；D.pain疼痛，傷痛。根據(jù)上文“Thediseaseledtoherdevelopinghemiplegia(這種疾病導致她患上了偏癱)”以及常識可知，偏癱導致她右側身體虛弱的疾病。故選C。【22題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著她的成長，她總是試圖把殘疾的手臂藏在背后，害怕收到別人的負面評論。A.ignore不理睬；忽視；B.hide隱藏；躲藏；C.cure治愈（病人）；D.stretch變大，拉長。根據(jù)下文“afraidofreceivingnegative________fromothers.(害怕收到別人的負面評論)”可知，因為害怕收到別人的負面評論，她總是試圖把殘疾的手臂藏在背后。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意見上題解析。A.number號碼；B.connection聯(lián)系；C.comments評論；D.emotions情緒。根據(jù)上文“shewasalwaystryingto________herdisabledarmbehindherback(她總是試圖把殘疾的手臂藏在背后)”可知，因為害怕收到別人的負面評論，她總是試圖把殘疾的手臂藏在背后。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但有一張照片——一開始她并沒有打算上傳，因為這會讓她的手臂暴露在公眾面前——開始了她成為視頻記錄者的旅程。A.file文件；B.remark言論，評述；C.essay短文，論說文；D.photo照片。根據(jù)下文“Thisistheonlyphotoofmeandmygrandparents(這是我和祖父母唯一的合影)”可知，這張照片開始了她成為視頻記錄者的旅程。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意見上題解析。A.expose暴露，使顯露；B.introduce介紹；C.compare比較；D.limit限制。根據(jù)上文“oneshehadn’tintendedtoupload(一開始她并沒有打算上傳)”可知，一開始她并沒有打算上傳，因為這會讓她的手臂暴露在公眾面前。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我和祖父母唯一的合影，他們給了我最多的愛，但已經去世了。A.doubt懷疑；B.affection喜愛，關愛；C.warnings警告；D.presents禮物。根據(jù)下文“Ireally________thepictureanddecidednottohideitanymore.(我真地很珍惜這張照片，決定不再把它藏起來)”可推知，作者的祖父母給了作者最多的愛，所以作者很珍藏這張照片。故選B。【27題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我真地很珍惜這張照片，決定不再把它藏起來。A.treasured珍惜；B.feared害怕；C.missed錯過；D.updated更新。根據(jù)上文“Thisistheonlyphotoofmeandmygrandparents,whogavemethemost________(這是我和祖父母唯一的合影，他們給了我最多的愛)”可知，作者的祖父母給了作者最多的愛，所以作者很珍惜這張照片。故選A。【28題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這個勇敢的決定激勵她與世界分享她的經歷。A.uncertain無把握的；無法確知的；B.courageous勇敢的，有膽量的；C.regretful后悔的；D.quick快的。根據(jù)上文“oneshehadn’tintendedtouploadatfirstbecauseitwould________herarmtothepublic(開始她并沒有打算上傳，因為這會讓她的手臂暴露在公眾面前)”以及“Ireally________thepictureanddecidednottohideitanymore.(我真的很珍惜這張照片，決定不再把它藏起來)”可知，盡管這張照片會讓她的手臂暴露在公眾面前，但是作者決定不再把它藏起來，這是一個勇敢的決定。故選B?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的掙扎一直是我看起來不一樣，這是一件很難處理的事情。A.reward獎勵，回報；B.ambition抱負；雄心；C.struggle奮斗，斗爭；D.faith信任，信心，信念。根據(jù)上文“Thediseaseledtoherdevelopinghemiplegia—aconditionthatcauses________ontherightsideofherbody.(這種疾病導致她患上了偏癱——一種導致她右側身體虛弱的疾病)”以及下文“whichwasquiteahardthingtodealwith(這是一件很難處理的事情)”可知，作者的掙扎一直是作者的偏癱使作者看起來和別人不一樣。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，我沒有得到任何不友好的回應，相反，我得到了許多贊賞的評論。A.aheadof領先于；B.dueto由于，因為；C.otherthan除了，除外；D.insteadof代替，而不是。根據(jù)下文“Igotnumerous________remarksonthecontrary.(我得到了許多贊賞的評論)”可知，作者沒有得到任何不友好的回應，相反，她得到了許多贊賞的評論。故選D?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意見上題解析。A.appreciative欣賞的，贊賞的；B.casual休閑的，便裝的；C.critical批判的，愛挑剔的；D.offensive無禮的，冒犯的。根據(jù)上文“________gettinganyunfriendlyresponse(我沒有得到任何不友好的回應)”可知，作者沒有得到任何不友好的回應，而是得到了許多贊賞的評論。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，她就非常高興地分享了更多關于她的生活，甚至是她關于如何只用一只手盡可能獨立生活的秘訣。A.resolutions決心；B.jokes笑話；C.tips秘訣；D.missions任務。根據(jù)下文“tipsabouthowtolivewithonlyonehandas________asshecould.(甚至是她關于如何只用一只手盡可能獨立生活的建議)”以及語境可知，作者分享了關于如何只用一只手盡可能獨立生活的秘訣。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意見上題解析。A.cautiously謹慎地；B.independently獨立地；C.frequently頻繁地；D.peacefully平靜地。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)ivewithonlyonehand(只用一只手)”可知，此處表示作者只用一只手盡可能獨立生活的秘訣。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，她為一些慈善機構制作視頻，為那些像她一樣的人點亮生活。A.thinkover仔細考慮；B.figureout弄清楚，弄明白；C.relyon依賴；D.lightup點亮。根據(jù)下文“forthosewhoarelikeher.(為那些像她一樣的人)”可知，她為那些像她一樣的人點亮生活。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：你已經使我相信我的孩子可以依賴別人。A.convinced使確信，使信服；B.cheated欺騙，哄騙；C.defeated擊敗，挫?。籇.threatened威脅，恐嚇。根據(jù)上文“Nowshehasmadevideosforsomecharitiesto________lifeforthosewhoarelike