2025屆江西省上饒市高三上學(xué)期一模英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江西省上饒市2025屆高三上學(xué)期一模英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatseasonisitnow?A.Winter. B.Summer. C.Spring.【答案】A【原文】W:Whathappenedtotheweatherreport?Itsaidthiscoldfrontwassupposedtopasstoday,butit’sstillfreezingoutside!M:Yeah.Ican’tstandsuchweather.Iprefersummer.W:Comeon!It’sveryhothereinsummer.Ihopewarmspringcancomesoon.2.WhydidthewomanaskRaytolearntodance?A.Toencouragehimtomakefriends.B.Toimprovehisconfidence.C.Tobuilduphisbody.【答案】C【原文】M:Rayalwaysappearsveryconfidentwhenhedances.W:Yes.Actually,Isenthimtolearntodancemainlytoencouragemorephysicalactivityandimprovehisfitness.Andhemademanyfriendswhilelearningtodance,whichisanunexpectedbenefit.3.Whomightthemanbe?A.Achef. B.Adeliveryman. C.Ashopassistant.【答案】C【原文】W:Hi,couldyougivemeahotblackcoffeeandarawcoconutlatte?Andpleaseaddsomeicetothelatter.M:Okay.Forhereortogo?W:Togo.Here’s10dollars.Keepthechange.4.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Whatpaintingstobuy.B.WhethertogetaTV.C.Whichmovietowatch.【答案】B【原文】M:Idon’tthinkweneedaTV.WecanwatchTVshowsandmoviesonourphones.W:IbelieveaTVisessentialforahome.M:InsteadofbuyingaTV,I’dratherbuyafewpaintingstohangonthewall.5.Howisthemanfeeling?A.Confused. B.Upset. C.Satisfied.【答案】B【原文】W:Hey,what’swrong?Youseemblue.M:Ihadaroughdayatwork.Mybosswasn’tsatisfiedwithmypresentation,andIgotsomenegativefeedback.W:I’msorrytohearaboutyourday.Sometimes,thingsgocontrarytoourwishes.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatisthemangoingtodotomorrow?A.Haveacheck-up. B.Goonabusinesstrip. C.Dosomecleaning.7.Whereisprobablytheman’sIDcard?A.Inthebedroom. B.Inthestudy. C.Inthelivingroom.【答案】6.A7.B【原文】M:Laura,I’vecheckedthelivingroomandthebedroom,butmyIDcardisnowheretobefound.Ineedtouseitfortomorrow’scheck-up.W:Whendidyouuseitlasttime?M:Hmm...Iuseditduringabusinesstriplastmonth.Iputitinmybriefcase.Thebriefcasemustbeinthelivingroom!W:Well,Igaveathoroughcleaningyesterday.Iputyourbriefcaseinthestudy.M:Okay.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Howdidthemangettoknowaboutcavehomes?A.Fromhisfriend. B.Fromajournal. C.FromaTVshow.9.Whatdoesthemansayaboutcavehomes?A.Theyareeasytobuild.B.Theycanexistforcenturies.C.Theyprovideapleasantindoorclimate.10.Whatdothespeakersplantodoatlast?A.TraveltoShaanxiProvince.B.Climbamountaintogether.C.BuyahouseinChina.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【原文】M:Doyouknowthereareatleast30millionpeopleinChinawholiveincavehomes?Thecavehomeisalsocalledyaodong.W:That’samazing!Howdidyoucomeacrosstheinformation?M:Fromascientificjournal.MyfriendAmyrecommendedittome.W:IoncesawcavehomesonaTVshow.Itissaidthattheyhaveexistedforcenturies.M:Yep,especiallyinsomeruralareasofShaanxiProvince.They’rebasicallyhomescarvedintothesidesofmountainsorhills,andtheyarewarminwinterandcoolinsummer.W:Fantastic!Ifindcavehomesinruralareasmoredesirablethanconcretehomesinthecities.M:Yes.PerhapswecanvisitShaanxiProvinceandseethosecavehomesthissummervacation.W:Thatsoundslikeaplan.Ican’twaittoexplorehowthosecavehomesusenaturalresourcessoeffectively.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Howmanykilometershasthewomanrun?A.Around4kilometers. B.Around8kilometers. C.Around10kilometers.12.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthemorning. B.Intheafternoon. C.Intheevening.13.Whatdoesthewomanintendtodonext?A.Keeprunning. B.Drinksomewater. C.Getamembershipcard.【答案】11.B12.C13.A【原文】M:Excuseme,doyouknowhowmanykilometersitistorunaroundtheScienceExhibitionCenter?W:Around4kilometersonelap.M:That’sgoodtoknow.Howmanylapshaveyourun?W:I’vecompleted2laps.IhavetorestforawhilebeforeIgoonrunning.Mygoalistorun10kilometers.M:That’simpressive.Doyouruneverynight?W:No.Todayisanexception.Iusuallyruneverymorning.Sinceitrainedthismorning,Ichangedmyrunningtime.Howaboutyou?M:Iusedtorunatthegymintheafternoon.ButsincemygymmembershipisdeadandI’mnotgoingtorenewit,Idecidedtostartrunningoutdoors.W:Smartmove.Well,I’mgoingtomoveon.Seeyoulater!M:I’mgoingtograbsomewater.Catchyoulater!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.WhatisEmilydoingatfirst?A.Enjoyingsomesnacks.B.Lookingforalternativeroutes.C.PraisingJohnforhispreparations.15.Whichsongwillthespeakersbegintheirjourneywith?A.Route66. B.BorntoRun. C.SweetHomeAlabama.16.Whatwillthespeakers’secondstopbe?A.GrandCanyon. B.GoldenGateBridge. C.YellowstoneNationalPark.【答案】14.C15.B16.A【原文】M:Emily,readyforourroadtripadventure?W:Absolutely!Yourplanningskillsareimpressive,John.Thesnackslookdelicious.Andthismapwithallthedotsislikeatreasuremap!M:Thanks,Ijustwanttomakesurewehitallthemust-seespots.We’vegottheGoldenGateBridge,theGrandCanyon,andsomuchmoreaheadofus.W:Ican’twait!So,whatsongshouldweplayfirst?M:Goodquestion!Anysuggestions?W:Howaboutsomethingupbeattostart?BorntoRunbyBruceSpringsteenalwaysgetsmeintheroadtripmood.That’saclassicchoice.Alternatively,wecouldgoforRoute66orSweetHomeAlabama.M:Greatpicks!Let’sstartwithBorntoRunasweleaveLosAngeles.Getreadyforanunforgettableride!W:Firststop,theGoldenGateBridge,right?Thenwe’reofftotheGrandCanyon.Oh,andIcan’twaittoseetheOldFaithfulintheYellowstoneNationalPark!M:Yeah.It’sgoingtobeincredible.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.WhatdidLaura’sfathermanagetodohimself?A.Paybackhisdad$1,000plusinterest.B.WatchaWorldSeriesgamelive.C.Growawatermelon.18.WhichtaskonthebucketlistdidLauracompletealone?A.TravellingaroundEuropefortwoweeks.B.Puttingonashowinarestaurant.C.Talkingwiththepresident.19.WhatdidLaura’sfatherdoforaliving?A.Hesangsongs. B.Hewrotebooks. C.Hesoldgoods.20.WhatdoesLauraadvisepeopletodoatlast?A.Livemorepurposefully.B.Spendmoretimewiththeirfamilies.C.Trytogivethemselvessometimetobealone.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.A【原文】M:In2016,13yearsafterLauraCarney’sfather’sdeath,shespottedherlatefather’sbucketlist.Lauralookedatit,andthensheglancedupatherhusband.“Ineedtofinishit,”shesaid.Thelisthad60tasks,fiveofwhichhadalreadybeencheckedoff,including“doacomedymonologueinarestaurant”and“seeaWorldSeriesgamelive”.Onewasmarked“failed”—“paybackmydad$1,000plusinterest”.Thatleft54itemsforLauratocomplete.Theitemsrangedfromrelativelysimpletasks,like“swimthewidthofariver”and“growawatermelon”tomorecomplicatedtasks,like“talkwiththepresident”.Still,Laurawasdetermined.ShelearnedthattheformerPresidentJimmyCartertaughtSundayschoolinGeorgia.Sheandherhusbandflewtheretomeethim.Lauracompletedmanytasksonthebucketlistbyherself,includingatwo-weektriptoEurope.“Ididn’tfeellikeIwasdoingthingsalone,becauseIknewmydadwaswithme.Mydadwassuchadreamer.Hespenthisdaysworkingasasalesmanandhissparetimesinging,writingandperforming,”Laurasaid.“Ireallyencourageeverybodytowriteabucketlist.Ithelpsyoustartlivingmoreintentionally.Whenyoulivewithpurpose,you’remorelikelytofindyourdirectioninlife.Anddon’tbeafraidofleavingsomeoftheitemsonyourlistunfinished.”第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ARenownedArtworksfromAroundtheGlobeLeonardodaVinci’s“MonaLisa”,acaptivatingportraitofawomanwithamysterioussmile,islocatedintheLouvreMuseum.Itwelcomesthepublicfrom9:00amto6:00pm,Tuesdaysexcluded.Duringpeaktouristtimes,expectextremelylongqueues.Whilenon-flashphotographyisokay,anyactthatmightdamageordisruptthepaintingisstrictlyoff-limits.VincentvanGogh’s“TheStarryNight”,showcasinghisdistinctpost-impressioniststylewithitsswirlingskiesandcharmingsmallvillagebelow,isondisplayattheMuseumofModernArt.Themuseumoperatesfrom10:30amto5:30pmandisclosedonWednesdays.Viewersmustmaintainaproperdistanceandnotouching.Selfie(自拍)sticksandtripodsareprohibitedtoavoidaccidents.EdvardMunch’s“TheScream”,aniconicexpressionistcreationwithadistortedfigureandvividcolorsexpressinganxiety,ispartoftheNationalGalleryinOslo.Thegalleryisopen10:00amto6:00pm,closedMondays.Intheroomof“TheScream”,photographyisforbiddentopreventanydamage.Michelangelo’s“David”,amarblemasterpieceandaprimeexampleoftheRenaissanceera,residesintheGalleriadell’AccademiainFlorence.Openfrom8:15amto6:50pm,TuesdaystoSundays.Givenitsfragilityandheavyfootfall,thecrowdflowiscarefullymanaged.Visitorsmuststicktonon-flashphotographyandnotattemptanydamageorclimbing.21.WherecanyouseeVincentvanGogh’s“TheStarryNight”?A.TheLouvreMuseum. B.TheMuseumofModernArt.C.TheNationalGallery. D.TheGalleriadell’Accademia.22.Whichofthefollowingartworksisforbiddentobephotographed?A.MonaLisa B.TheStarryNight C.TheScream D.David23.Whatisthecommonruleforvisitingtheseartworks?A.Novisitingduringpeaktimes. B.NoenteringonMondays.C.Nousingflashphotography. D.Notouchingordamaging.【答案】21.B22.C23.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章列舉了四件世界著名藝術(shù)品及其展覽地點和參觀須知?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“VincentvanGogh’s“TheStarryNight”,showcasinghisdistinctpost-impressioniststylewithitsswirlingskiesandcharmingsmallvillagebelow,isondisplayattheMuseumofModernArt.(文森特?梵高的《星空》在現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館展出，這幅作品以其旋轉(zhuǎn)的星空和下方迷人的小村莊展現(xiàn)了他獨特的后印象派風(fēng)格)”可知，《星空》展出于現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館(TheMuseumofModernArt)。故選B。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Intheroomof“TheScream”,photographyisforbiddentopreventanydamage.(在《吶喊》展出的房間里，禁止拍照，以防止任何損壞)”可知，《吶喊》的展覽區(qū)域禁止拍照，而其他藝術(shù)品允許攝影或非閃光燈攝影。故選C?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Whilenon-flashphotographyisokay,anyactthatmightdamageordisruptthepaintingisstrictlyoff-limits.(雖然非閃光攝影是可以的，但任何可能損壞或破壞畫作的行為都是嚴(yán)格禁止的)”，第二段的“Viewersmustmaintainaproperdistanceandnotouching.(觀眾必須保持適當(dāng)?shù)木嚯x，不得觸碰)”，第三段的“Intheroomof“TheScream”,photographyisforbiddentopreventanydamage.(在《吶喊》展出的房間里，禁止拍照，以防止任何損壞)”以及第四段的“Visitorsmuststicktonon-flashphotographyandnotattemptanydamageorclimbing.(游客必須堅持非閃光攝影，不要試圖造成任何傷害或攀爬)”可知，所有藝術(shù)品的參觀規(guī)則都強調(diào)禁止觸碰或損壞。故選D。BHuman’spursuitofbeautybeginsatanearlyage.Thefactisperfectlytrueforyoungladies.WhenScarlettandherclassmateswereinfifthgrade,theystartedtoworryaboutgettingwrinkles.Bythetimesheturned14,ScarlettandherfriendswerespendinghoursonTikTokandYouTubewatchingpeopletalkaboutproductstomaketheirskinlooknice:awet,shiny,perfectskin.Scarlettmadeabigskincareroutinewithfacewash,sprays,hydratingcoversandcreams.Onenight,Scarlett’sskinbegantoburnintenselyandgotbubbles.Usingtoomuchstrongstuffforgrown-upsmadeherskinverybad.Scarlett’sexperienceiscommonnow,expertssay,asyounggirlsgotobeautystorestobuyfancyskincareproducts,atrendseeninpopularvideoswiththehashtag#SephoraKids.Thingslikeretinolandchemicalscrubslikehydroxyacidsareverystrong.Youngorsensitiveskincangetred,peelandburnthatcancauseinfections,spotsandtoomuchsensitivityifnotusedright,skindoctorssay.“Thefocusonskincareismorethanjustwantingperfectskin.It’saboutfeelingacceptedandbelongingtoacommunitythathasthelifestyleandlookyouwant,”says14-year-oldMiaHall.Morethantheharmtothebody,parentsandchildpsychologistsworryabouthowthistrendcanaffectgirls’feelingsandthoughtsforalongtime.Alotofinformationshowsthatbeingtoofocusedonlookscanhurthowyoufeelaboutyourselfandyourbodyandcancauseworry,sadnessandeatingproblems.Theamountofdetailandinformationgirlsgetfrombeautylessonssendsabadmessageatatimewhentheyaregrowingupandfindingoutwhotheyare,saysCharlotteMarkey,abodyimageexpertandateacheratRutgersUniversity.24.WhatwasScarlett’sconcernwhenshewasinfifthgrade?A.Gettingwrinkles. B.Herskinnotbeingshiny.C.Herskin’shydration. D.Beingrejectedbyherfriends.25.WhathappenedtoScarlett’sskinafterusingadult-strengthproducts?A.Herskinbecameflawless. B.Herskinturnedredandpeel.C.Herskinbecameverysmooth. D.Herskinstartedtoburnandblister.26.Whyaresomeskincareproductsharmfulforyoungorsensitiveskin?A.Theyaretooexpensive. B.Theyarenotsoldinbeautystores.C.Theyaredesignedforolderpeople. D.Theycancauseredness,peeling,andburning.27.Whatisthepossibleresultoftoomuchfocusonskincare?A.Itimprovesunderstandingofproperskincareroutines.B.Itcanleadtoanxiety,depression,andeatingdisorders.C.Ithelpstobuildbetterself-esteemandconfidence.D.Itencourageshealthyrelationshipswithpeers.【答案】24.A25.D26.D27.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，文章通過幾個女孩的事例闡述了年輕女孩過早追求美容護膚的趨勢及其潛在危害?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenScarlettandherclassmateswereinfifthgrade,theystartedtoworryaboutgettingwrinkles.(當(dāng)Scarlett和她的同學(xué)們上五年級時，他們開始擔(dān)心長皺紋。)”可知，Scarlett在五年級時擔(dān)心的是長皺紋，故選A?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Onenight,Scarlett’sskinbegantoburnintenselyandgotbubbles.Usingtoomuchstrongstuffforgrown-upsmadeherskinverybad.(一天晚上，思嘉的皮膚開始劇烈地灼燒起來，冒出了泡泡。用了太多成人專用的強力物品，使她的皮膚非常糟糕。)”可知，用了成人護膚產(chǎn)品后，Scarlett的皮膚開始灼燒起水泡。故選D?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thingslikeretinolandchemicalscrubslikehydroxyacidsareverystrong.Youngorsensitiveskincangetred,peelandburnthatcancauseinfections,spotsandtoomuchsensitivityifnotusedright,skindoctorssay.(像視黃醇和像果酸這樣的化學(xué)擦劑是非常強的。皮膚醫(yī)生說，如果使用不當(dāng)，年輕或敏感的皮膚會變紅、脫皮和灼傷，從而導(dǎo)致感染、斑點和過度敏感。)”可知，有些護膚品對年輕或敏感皮膚有害是因為它們會導(dǎo)致發(fā)紅、脫皮和灼燒。故選D?！?7題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Alotofinformationshowsthatbeingtoofocusedonlookscanhurthowyoufeelaboutyourselfandyourbodyandcancauseworry,sadnessandeatingproblems.(很多信息表明，過于關(guān)注外表會損害你對自己和身體的感覺，還會引發(fā)擔(dān)憂、悲傷和飲食問題。)”可知，過分關(guān)注皮膚護理可能會導(dǎo)致的后果是導(dǎo)致焦慮、抑郁和飲食失調(diào)。故選B。CThesedays,we’reallwellawareoftheplasticproblemtheworld’sfacing.We’reremindedofthisissueallthetime,whetherthat’sbybeingencouragedtorecycle,orbyhavingtopayfordisposablecarrierbags.Althoughweallrealizewhataseriousissueplasticpollutionis,it’sdifferentwhenyouactuallyseetheoverwhelmingresultsofitforyourself.Thiswasthesituationateamofresearcherswhorecentlypublishedastudyontheso-calledGreatPacificGarbagePatch(垃圾帶)inthejournalScientificReportsfoundthemselvesin.Accordingtothestudy,thepatch,whichislocatedoffthecoastofCalifornia,US,ismadeupof79,000tonsofplasticwasteandcovers1.6millionsquarekilometers.It’soverfourtimesthesizeofJapan,oralmost100timesthesizeofBeijing.“I’vebeendoingthisresearchforawhile,butitwasdepressingtosee[thepatchinperson],”LaurentLebreton,leadauthorofthestudy,toldtheGuardian.“Therewerethingsyoujustwonderedhowtheymadeitintotheocean.There’sclearlyanincreasinginfluxofplasticintothegarbagepatch.”It’sbelievedthat8milliontonsofplasticendsupintheseaeachyear,andalotofitendsupcollectingnearlargooceancurrentsaroundtheworld,forming“islands”ofplastic.Thiscausesproblemsnotonlyforsoncreaturesbutalsoforhumans.Theswirlingoceancurrentseventuallybreakdownsomeoftheplastic,withalotofitendingupinthedigestivesystemsoffishandbirds.Asaresult,it’sbelievedthatplastichasworkeditswayupthefoodchaindirectlyontoourplates—nottomentionthecountlesscreaturesthatchokeonplasticwaste,orarepoisonedbythechemicalsinit.Sowhatcanwedoaboutthis?LebretonisamemberoftheOceanCleanupFoundation,agroupthat’sdevelopedtechnologytocollectplasticwastefromtheocean.Thisisahugeproject,withthegroupclaimingitwilltakearoundfiveyearsjusttocleanuphalfoftheGreatPacificGarbagePatchalone.Butratherthandiscouragepeoplefromusingplasticaltogether,Lebretonbelievesthatweshouldsimplybemoremindfulofhowweuseit.“Inmyopinion,plasticisveryuseful.ButIthinkwemustdivert(轉(zhuǎn)移)thewayweuseplastic,particularlyintermsofsingle-useplasticandthoseobjectsthathaveaveryshortservicelifespan,”hetoldBBCNews.28.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheGreatPacificGarbagePatch. B.Astudyonplasticpollution.C.Lebretonandhisresearch. D.Cleaningoceanofplastic.29.Accordingtothetext,theGreatPacificGarbagePatch________.A.isaboutfourtimesthesizeofBeijing.B.isharmfultobothseacreaturesandhumans.C.consistsofabout1.6milliontonsofplasticwaste.D.wasformedbecauseofswirlingoceancurrents.30.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Peopleshouldbemorecarefulwiththeiruseofplasticproducts.B.Single-useplasticshouldbebannedforthesakeoftheenvironment.C.TheGreatPacificGarbagePatchwillbecleanedupinaboutfiveyears.D.Plasticproductswithshortservicelifespansshouldbereplaced.31.Whatisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Abusinessreport B.Atextbook C.Amagazine D.Sciencefiction【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了太平洋垃圾帶的情況，包括其規(guī)模、對生態(tài)的影響以及應(yīng)對措施?！?8題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thesedays,we’reallwellawareoftheplasticproblemtheworld’sfacing.We’reremindedofthisissueallthetime,whetherthat’sbybeingencouragedtorecycle,orbyhavingtopayfordisposablecarrierbags.(如今，我們都很清楚世界正面臨的塑料問題。我們時刻被這個問題提醒著，無論是被鼓勵回收，還是不得不為一次性購物袋付費)”、第二段中“Accordingtothestudy,thepatch,whichislocatedoffthecoastofCalifornia,US,ismadeupof79,000tonsofplasticwasteandcovers1.6millionsquarekilometers.It’soverfourtimesthesizeofJapan,oralmost100timesthesizeofBeijing.(根據(jù)這項研究，這個位于美國加利福尼亞州沿岸的垃圾帶由7.9萬噸塑料垃圾組成，覆蓋面積為160萬平方千米。它的面積是日本的四倍多，幾乎是北京的100倍)”、第四段中“Thiscausesproblemsnotonlyforsoncreaturesbutalsoforhumans.Theswirlingoceancurrentseventuallybreakdownsomeoftheplastic,withalotofitendingupinthedigestivesystemsoffishandbirds.(這不僅給海洋生物帶來問題，也給人類帶來問題。旋轉(zhuǎn)的洋流最終會分解部分塑料，其中很多最終進入魚類和鳥類的消化系統(tǒng))”以及最后一段中“Thisisahugeproject,withthegroupclaimingitwilltakearoundfiveyearsjusttocleanuphalfoftheGreatPacificGarbagePatchalone.(該組織研發(fā)了一種從海洋中收集塑料垃圾的技術(shù)。這是一個龐大的項目，該組織聲稱僅清理太平洋垃圾帶的一半就需要大約五年的時間)”可知，文章通過描述塑料污染對海洋所造成的嚴(yán)重性和影響，提出了解決方案。選項D“清理海洋塑料”準(zhǔn)確地概括了文章的核心內(nèi)容，即海洋塑料污染問題及其可能的解決方案——清理海洋塑料。故選D。【29題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thiscausesproblemsnotonlyforseacreaturesbutalsoforhumans.Theswirlingoceancurrentseventuallybreakdownsomeoftheplastic,withalotofitendingupinthedigestivesystemsoffishandbirds.(這不僅給海洋生物帶來了問題，也給人類帶來了問題。旋轉(zhuǎn)的洋流最終會分解一些塑料，其中很多塑料最終會進入魚類和鳥類的消化系統(tǒng))”可知，太平洋垃圾帶對海洋生物和人類都有害。故選B。【30題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Butratherthandiscouragepeoplefromusingplasticaltogether,Lebretonbelievesthatweshouldsimplybemoremindfulofhowweuseit.(但勒布倫并不主張人們完全放棄使用塑料，他認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該更加注意自己使用塑料的方式)”可知，我們應(yīng)該更加注意自己使用塑料制品的方式，即人們應(yīng)該更加小心地使用塑料制品。故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Accordingtothestudy,thepatch,whichislocatedoffthecoastofCalifornia,US,ismadeupof79,000tonsofplasticwasteandcovers1.6millionsquarekilometers.(據(jù)這項研究稱，這塊漂浮物位于美國加利福尼亞州海岸附近，由79000噸塑料垃圾組成，面積160萬平方公里)以及文章其他內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了關(guān)于太平洋垃圾帶的研究，介紹了其組成、危害以及解決辦法等，屬于一篇科普類文章，由此推知，文章來源于雜志。故選C。DLanguagegraduallyshiftsovertime.Muchresearchexamineshowsocialandenvironmentalfactorsinfluencelanguagechange,butverylittledealswiththeforcesofhumancognitive(認(rèn)知的)selectionthatfixcertainwordsintothevocabulary.Foranextensivenewstudy,publishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,scientistsinvestigatedjustthat.Inanexperiment,thousandsofparticipantsreadEnglish-languagestoriesandrewrotethemtobereadbyotherparticipants,whothenrewrotethemforothers.Onlycertainwordsfromthefirststoriessurvivedinthefinalversions.Researchersanalyzedthewordtypesspeakersconsistentlyfavored,theorizingthatsuchpreferencesdrivelanguagechangeovertime.ThescientistsalsoanalyzedtwolargecollectionsofEnglishhistoricaltextsfromthepasttwocenturies,containingmorethan40billionwords—againseeingonlycertaintypessurvive.Theresultscombinedtoshowthreepropertiesthatgivewordsan“evolutionaryadvantage”(演變優(yōu)勢)byhelpingthemstickinthebrain:First,wordstypicallyacquiredatanearlyage(suchas“hand,”“uncle”or“today”)arestabler.Next,concretewordsstaybetterthanabstractones:“dog”persistslongerthan“animal,”whichpersistslongerthan“organism.”Lastly,emotionallyexcitingwords—whethernegativeorpositive—tendtolast.Indianacognitivescientistandstudyco-authorFritzBreithauptsaysthenewstudysupportsamorerecenttheorythatlanguageultimatelygetsmoreefficientandeasiertounderstand.Still,“theEnglishlanguageisnotbabytalk.”Breithauptexplains,“Yes,weshifttowardsimplelanguage,butthenwealsograbcomplexlanguagethatweneed.”Newwordsthataddressthecomplexityofmodernlifemaysomewhatcounterthisshift.Theproposedtrendtoward“simpler”languageiscontroversial.ColumbiaUniversitylinguistJohnMcWhorterquestions,however,theoverallefficiencyofEnglish—alanguagehesayscontainsthingslike“needlesslycomplex”grammaticaluses.“ThereareaboutfivewaystoindicatethefutureinEnglish,”hesays.“Ipityanybodywhodoesn’tgrowupwithitnatively”andwantstolearnit.StudyleadauthorYingLi,aChinesepsychologist,notesthatEnglishhadevenmorecomplicatedgrammarinthepast.McWhorter,Lisupposes,“wouldcomplainmoreifhetraveledback800yearsago.”32.Whatcontributestolanguagechangeaccordingtothenewstudy?A.Ashifttowardssimplewords.B.Theanalysisofhistoricaltexts.C.Apreferenceforcertainwords.D.Theexplorationofsocialfactors.33.Whichofthefollowingwordshasthegreatest“evolutionaryadvantage”?A.Feeling. B.Smile. C.Independence. D.Life.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“counter”meaninparagraph4?A.Relyon. B.Adaptto. C.Speedup. D.Balanceout.35.WhatcanweinferaboutMcWhorterinthelastparagraph?A.HewouldlikelycriticizeEnglishgrammarmoreinthepast.B.HewouldprobablydoubtthenecessityoftheEnglishfuturetense.C.HebelievesmodernEnglishgrammarimproveslanguageefficiency.D.HethinksnativeEnglishspeakersfindEnglishgrammarchallenging.【答案】32.C33.B34.D35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要探討了語言隨時間變化的認(rèn)知選擇因素。研究表明，早期習(xí)得、具體性及情感關(guān)聯(lián)是詞匯存留的關(guān)鍵因素。盡管語言演化趨于簡單高效，復(fù)雜語言仍用于應(yīng)對現(xiàn)代生活需求，同時引發(fā)了關(guān)于英語語法復(fù)雜性的討論與反思?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Muchresearchexamineshowsocialandenvironmentalfactorsinfluencelanguagechange,butverylittledealswiththeforcesofhumancognitiveselectionthatfixcertainwordsintothevocabulary.(許多研究探討了社會和環(huán)境因素是如何影響語言變化的，但很少涉及人類認(rèn)知選擇的力量，這種力量將某些單詞固定在詞匯表中。)”以及第二段中的“Researchersanalyzedthewordtypesspeakersconsistentlyfavored,theorizingthatsuchpreferencesdrivelanguagechangeovertime.(研究人員分析了說話者一直喜歡的詞匯類型，并提出了這樣的偏好會導(dǎo)致語言隨著時間的推移而變化的理論。)”可知，根據(jù)這項新研究，對某些詞的偏愛導(dǎo)致了語言的變化。故選C?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresultscombinedtoshowthreepropertiesthatgivewordsan“evolutionaryadvantage”byhelpingthemstickinthebrain:First,wordstypicallyacquiredatanearlyage(suchas“hand,”“uncle”or“today”)arestabler.Next,concretewordsstaybetterthanabstractones:“dog”persistslongerthan“animal,”whichpersistslongerthan“organism.”Lastly,emotionallyexcitingwords—whethernegativeorpositive—tendtolast.(綜合這些結(jié)果，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了三個特性，這些特性通過幫助單詞在大腦中留下深刻印象，從而賦予單詞“進化優(yōu)勢”：首先，通常在早年習(xí)得的單詞（如“手”、“叔叔”或“今天”）更加穩(wěn)定。其次，具體單詞比抽象單詞更容易被記?。骸肮贰边@個詞比“動物”這個詞記憶得更長久，而“動物”又比“生物體”記憶得更長久。最后，無論是負(fù)面的還是正面的，情緒上令人激動的單詞往往更加持久。)”可知，語言的“進化優(yōu)勢”包括三個特性：早期習(xí)得性、具體性以及情感激勵性。選項中“Smile(微笑)”具備早期習(xí)得、具體性和情感關(guān)聯(lián)，因此比“feeling(情感的總稱，偏抽象)”、“independence(學(xué)得的抽象詞匯)”和“l(fā)ife(抽象詞匯)”更具優(yōu)勢。故選B?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Still,“theEnglishlanguageisnotbabytalk.”Breithauptexplains,“Yes,weshifttowardsimplelanguage,butthenwealsograbcomplexlanguagethatweneed.”(盡管如此，“英語并不是嬰兒的語言?！盉reithaupt解釋說，“是的，我們確實會轉(zhuǎn)向簡單的語言，但同時我們也會使用我們需要的復(fù)雜語言?！?”和“Newwordsthataddressthecomplexityofmodernlife(描述現(xiàn)代生活復(fù)雜性的新詞)”可知，劃線詞所在句子表示“描述現(xiàn)代生活復(fù)雜性的新詞可能會在某種程度上抵消這種轉(zhuǎn)變”，“counter”意為“抵消、平衡”，和Balanceout意思相近。故選D?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ColumbiaUniversitylinguistJohnMcWhorterquestions,however,theoverallefficiencyofEnglish—alanguagehesayscontainsthingslike“needlesslycomplex”grammaticaluses.(然而，哥倫比亞大學(xué)的語言學(xué)家JohnMcWhorter對英語的整體效率提出了質(zhì)疑，他說英語包含了一些“不必要的復(fù)雜”語法用法。)”可知，在過去，他可能會更多地批評英語語法。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ArtificialIntelligence(AI)isbecomingincreasinglypopularinchildren’slives,fromvoice-activatedassistantslikeAlexatoAI-poweredhomeworkhelptools.___36___TohelpchildrenbalancethebenefitsofAIwithoutnurturingdependency,herearesomepracticalstrategies:FrameAIasasupportivepartner,notasolution.___37___Ifthey’reworkingonanassignment,askthemtofirstattemptitindependently.Oncethey’vedonetheirbest,theycanuseAItochecktheirworkorgetadditionalinsights.Thisway,theyseeAIasanaidinrefiningtheirideasratherthanasareplacementfortheireffort.___38___Mindfultechnologyuseinvolvescuriosityaboutwhereinformationcomesfrom.Encourageyourchildtoaskquestionslike,“Howdidthisanswercometome?”or“Isthisinformationproven?”ThisnotonlybuildscriticalthinkingbutalsoteachesthemtoassessAI-generatedcontentwithahealthylevelofskepticism.Encouragecreativityoverconvenience.Whenkidsareworkingoncreativeprojects,suchaswritingorartwork,suggesttheyuseAIasabrainstormingtool.___39___However,theyneedtoshapethoseideasintheiruniquestyle.ThisapproachhelpsthemseeAIasaspringboardfortheircreativity,notasubstitutefortheirownideas.Setboundaries