新發(fā)展英語(yǔ)（第二版）綜合教程3 課件 Unit 2 Ethics and Moral Concepts

Unit2EthicsandMoralConcepts新發(fā)展英語(yǔ)3Understandtheimportanceofethicsandmoralvaluesinourdailylife.0102030405Learnusefulwordsandexpressionsrelatedtovirtuesandmoralprinciples.Learntousethestructures:either…or…,…that…andthat…

Learntodevelopparagraphsbydefinition.Expressviewsonwhatconstitutesmoralactions.StudyFocusIntensiveReading01A.Discussthefollowingquestionswithyourpartners.Pre-readingPreparationWhatisyourinterpretationofintegrity?IsintegrityinshortsupplyinChinatoday?Iftheanswerisyes,thenwhatcausesthesituation?Doyouagreethatintegrityisthebasicfeatureofhighmorality?Ifyoudo,giveexamplestosupportyourview.0101010203B.Readthefollowingsentencescarefullyandworkoutthemeaningofeachunderlinedwordsandexpressions.Pre-readingPreparation1Hisansweronlydemonstratedacompletelackofunderstandingofthequestion.2IinstinctivelyraisedmyarmtoprotectmyheadwhenIfoundaballwasflyingtome.3Shehadafirmconvictionthatshewasalwaysright.4Thedecisionthatseverepunishmentshouldbecancelledwillinevitablyresultinmorecrimesandmorevictims.5Theofficer,whoimpressedalltheotherswithhisloyalty,waschargedwith"sellingout"totheenemy.6Petermustbecrazy.Thisistheonlythingthatwillaccountforhisstrangebehavior.01HowtoBeTruetoYourself怎樣做個(gè)表里如一的人Text

我的爺爺奶奶認(rèn)為，你要么誠(chéng)實(shí)，要么不誠(chéng)實(shí)，非此即彼。在他們起居室的墻上掛著一幅簡(jiǎn)單易懂的座右銘："生活好像一片剛剛落滿白雪的土地，我走到哪里，腳印就會(huì)出現(xiàn)在哪里。"對(duì)于這句箴言，他們無(wú)需多費(fèi)唇舌——他們的一生就是對(duì)這句箴言的詮釋。HowtoBeTruetoYourself怎樣做個(gè)

表里如一的人Mygrandparentsbelievedyouwereeitherhonestoryouweren't.Therewasnoin-between.Theyhadasimplemottohangingontheirliving-roomwall:"Lifeislikeafieldofnewlyfallensnow;whereIchoosetowalkeverystepwillshow."Theydidn'thavetotalkaboutit---theydemonstratedthemottobythewaytheylived.1Text

他們本能的理解是：誠(chéng)實(shí)意味著具備個(gè)人的倫理道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，不為自身利益而背棄原則，也不見風(fēng)使舵。誠(chéng)實(shí)是判斷你行為的內(nèi)在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。遺憾的是，如今誠(chéng)實(shí)已不多見——甚至越來(lái)越稀罕。然而，它卻是社會(huì)各個(gè)領(lǐng)域真正的底線，而且是我們必須嚴(yán)格要求自己做到的。HowtoBeTruetoYourself怎樣做個(gè)

表里如一的人Theyunderstoodinstinctively

thatintegrity

meanshavingapersonalstandardofmoralityandethicsthatdoesnot"sellout"toexpediencyandthatisnotrelativetothesituationathand.Integrityisaninnerstandardforjudgingyourbehavior.Unfortunately,integrityisinshortsupplytodayandgettingscarcer.Butitistherealbottomlineineveryareaofsociety.Anditissomethingwemustdemandofourselves.2Text

檢驗(yàn)這種價(jià)值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，有效的方法是參看我所謂的誠(chéng)實(shí)三要素，其中包括三條主要原則。HowtoBeTruetoYourself怎樣做個(gè)

表里如一的人ACBAgoodtestforthisvalueistolookatwhatIcalltheIntegrityTriad,whichconsistsofthreekeyprinciples:3Text

一、面對(duì)他人施壓，勇于堅(jiān)持己見。有一個(gè)故事，講的是一位外科護(hù)士在一所著名醫(yī)院的醫(yī)療組第一天上班時(shí)發(fā)生的事。在一個(gè)腹部手術(shù)中，她負(fù)責(zé)清點(diǎn)術(shù)中所用的醫(yī)療器材。這位護(hù)士對(duì)外科醫(yī)生說(shuō)："我們用了12塊紗布，而你只取出了11塊。我們必須找到最后那一塊。"HowtoBeTruetoYourself怎樣做個(gè)

表里如一的人Standfirmlyforyourconvictionsinthefaceofpersonalpressure.There'sastoryaboutasurgicalnurse'sfirstdayonthemedicalteamatawell-knownhospital.Shewasresponsibleforensuringthatallinstrumentsandmaterialswereaccountedforduringanabdominaloperation.Thenursesaidtothesurgeon,"You'veonlyremoved11sponges,andweused12.Weneedtofindthelastone."4Text"已經(jīng)全部取出，"醫(yī)生的口氣不容置疑，"馬上縫合刀口。""您不能那么做，"這位新來(lái)的護(hù)士反駁道，"要為病人著想。"HowtoBeTruetoYourself怎樣做個(gè)

表里如一的人"Iremovedthemall,"thedoctordeclared."We'llclosenow.""Youcan'tdothat,sir,"objectedtherookienurse."Thinkofthepatient."56Text

醫(yī)生一邊微笑，一邊抬起腳，讓護(hù)士看到了第12塊紗布。"不管在這所醫(yī)院，還是在其他任何醫(yī)院，你都會(huì)干得非常出色。"他稱贊這位護(hù)士說(shuō)。

知道自己做得對(duì)，就不要退縮。HowtoBeTruetoYourself怎樣做個(gè)

表里如一的人Smiling,thesurgeonliftedhisfootandshowedthenursethe12thsponge."You'lldojustfineinthisoranyotherhospital,"hetoldher.Whenyouknowyou'reright,youcan'tbackdown.78Text

二、認(rèn)可確有能力之人。不要怕別人想出更好的點(diǎn)子或比你更聰明。

奧美國(guó)際廣告公司的創(chuàng)建人大衛(wèi)·奧格爾維，給每位新任命的部門經(jīng)理送了一套俄羅斯風(fēng)格的套疊式玩具娃娃(里面共有五個(gè)依次變小的玩具娃娃)，以這樣的做法把這一觀點(diǎn)表達(dá)得一清二楚。HowtoBeTruetoYourself怎樣做個(gè)

表里如一的人Alwaysgiveotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirs.Don'tbeafraidofthosewhomighthaveabetterideaorwhomightevenbesmarterthanyouare.DavidOgilvy,founderofOgilvyMather,madethispointcleartohisnewlyappointedofficeheadsbysendingeachaRussiannestingdollwithfiveprogressivelysmallerfiguresinside.910Text

在最小的玩具娃娃里面有大衛(wèi)的留言："如果我們個(gè)個(gè)都雇用比自己矮小的人，我們公司就會(huì)成為矮子公司。反之，如果我們個(gè)個(gè)都雇用比自己高大的人，奧美就會(huì)成為一家巨人公司。"而這正是該公司發(fā)展的結(jié)果——它終于成為世界上最大、最有聲望的廣告公司之一。HowtoBeTruetoYourself怎樣做個(gè)

表里如一的人Hismessagewascontainedinthesmallestdoll:"Ifeachofushirespeoplewhoaresmallerthanweare,weshallbecomeacompanyofdwarfs.Butifeachofushirespeoplewhoarebiggerthanweare,OgilvyMatherwillbecomeacompanyofgiants."Andthatispreciselywhatthecompanybecame---oneofthelargestandmostrespectedadvertisingorganizationsintheworld.11Text

三、保持誠(chéng)信，展現(xiàn)真我。缺乏真正的內(nèi)在價(jià)值觀念的人，為了使自己感覺良好，會(huì)依靠外在因素——容貌或地位。為保住這個(gè)門面，他們必然會(huì)不遺余力，卻很少會(huì)致力于自己內(nèi)在價(jià)值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和個(gè)人能力的培養(yǎng)。HowtoBeTruetoYourself怎樣做個(gè)

表里如一的人Behonestandopenaboutwhoyoureallyare.Peoplewholackgenuinecorevaluesrelyonexternalfactors---focusingontheirlooksorstatusinordertofeelgoodaboutthemselves.Inevitablytheywilldoeverythingtheycantopreservethisfacade,buttheywilldoverylittletodeveloptheirinnervalueandpersonalstrengths.12Text

因此，要勇于展現(xiàn)真我。不要設(shè)法掩蓋你生活中令人不快的方方面面，艱難時(shí)刻要頑強(qiáng)面對(duì)。換言之，要以現(xiàn)實(shí)的態(tài)度回應(yīng)生活的挑戰(zhàn)。

自尊心和道德心是構(gòu)成誠(chéng)實(shí)正直品格的重要因素，是鞏固你與他人關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)。HowtoBeTruetoYourself怎樣做個(gè)

表里如一的人Sobeyourself.Don'tengageinapersonalcover-upofareasthatareunpleasantinyourlife.Whenit'stough,doittough.Inotherwords,respondtolife'schallengesrealistically.Self-respectandaclearconsciencearepowerfulcomponentsofintegrityandarethebasisforenrichingyourrelationshipswithothers.1314Text

誠(chéng)實(shí)與正直意味著你的言行皆出于正當(dāng)，而不是僅為追求時(shí)髦或是為保持政治上的正確。堅(jiān)持行為準(zhǔn)則，不屈從于放縱的道德觀的誘惑，將能使你永遠(yuǎn)立于不敗之地。這種生活將帶你邁入21世紀(jì)，而你無(wú)需從后視鏡里檢查你留下的痕跡。這就是我爺爺和奶奶留給我的教導(dǎo)。HowtoBeTruetoYourself怎樣做個(gè)

表里如一的人Integritymeansyoudowhatyoudobecauseit'srightandnotjustfashionableorpoliticallycorrect.Alifeofprinciple,ofnotsuccumbingtotheseductiveSirensofaneasymorality,willalwayswintheday.Itwilltakeyouforwardintothe21stcenturywithouthavingtocheckyourtracksinarearviewmirror.Mygrandparentstaughtmethat.15LanguagePointsoftheText1.Therewasnoin-between.(Para.1)此處in-between為名詞，意為anintermediatething"中間物；折中辦法"。a.Noin-betweens,nocompromises.

不允許有任何折中辦法，也不允許有任何妥協(xié)。b.Youshouldeitheragreeordisagree.Wedonotexpectanin-between.

你要么贊成，要么不贊成。我們不希望有折中態(tài)度。in-between也可作形容詞，意為situatedsomewherebetweentwoextremesorrecognizedcategories"中間性的；居中的"，如：anin-betweenstand中間立場(chǎng)。LanguagePointsoftheText2.Lifeislikeafieldofnewlyfallensnow;whereIchoosetowalkeverystepwillshow.(Para.1)1)該句中l(wèi)ifeislikeafieldofnewlyfallensnow(生活猶如剛剛落滿白雪的土地)，是明喻（simile）。在明喻里，本體和喻體同時(shí)出現(xiàn)，并由as，like等比喻詞連接。例如：a.Livingwithoutanaimislikesailingwithoutacompass.

生活沒有目標(biāo)猶如航行沒有指南針。b.Hewaslikeacockwhothoughtthesunhadrisenforhimtocrow.

他這人就像一只驕傲的公雞，以為太陽(yáng)是為了他的啼叫而升起。LanguagePointsoftheText2)whereIchoosetowalk為地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，意為"我所走到的地方；我所到之處"。又如：a.Wherethere’sawill,there’saway.

有志者事竟成。b.Wherefoodishardtofind,fewbirdsremainthroughouttheyear.

在很難找到食物的地方就沒有什么鳥能常年棲息。LanguagePointsoftheText3.…thatintegritymeanshavingapersonalstandardofmoralityandethicsthatdoesnot"sellout"toexpediency…(Para.2)sellout(to):tobetrayone’sprinciples;tobedisloyalorunfaithfultoone’scauseorfriends"背棄自己的宗旨；背叛"a.She’ssoldoutandlefttheparty.

她背棄了信仰并脫離了該黨。b.TheUnionleaderswereaccusedofsellingouttotheemployers.

工會(huì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人被指賣身投靠雇主。LanguagePointsoftheText4.Unfortunately,integrityisinshortsupplytoday…(Para.2)inshortsupply:difficulttoobtainbecauseofshortage;scarce"供應(yīng)不足，短缺"Potatoesareinshortsupplybecauseofabadharvest.由于收成不好，現(xiàn)在馬鈴薯供應(yīng)不足。形容詞short此處意為"短缺的；未達(dá)到一定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的"，例如：a."I’mshortofmoneythisweek;canyoulendmesome?""Sorry,I’mrathershortmyself.""我這個(gè)星期缺錢，你能借我一點(diǎn)嗎？""抱歉，我自己手頭也相當(dāng)緊。"b.Weareshortofmen.我們?nèi)耸植蛔?。c.Thesupplyofthesegoodsisshortsothepricewillbehigh.

這些商品目前供應(yīng)不足，因此價(jià)格會(huì)上漲。LanguagePointsoftheText5.Anditissomethingwemustdemandofourselves.(Para.2)demand:vt.toneedasanecessarypartofaprocessoractivity;torequire"要求；需要"，如：Workofthisnaturedemandsmanypersonalsacrifices.這種性質(zhì)的工作要求個(gè)人做出許多犧牲。demand,ask,require,expect等動(dòng)詞常與of連用，引出間接賓語(yǔ)，表示"來(lái)自……；從……"，如：a.Theydemandedtoohighapriceofme.他們向我要價(jià)太高。b.Hehasmostofthequalitiesdemandedofaleader.他具有作為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者所應(yīng)有的大多數(shù)品質(zhì)。c.MayIaskafavorofyou?能不能請(qǐng)你幫個(gè)忙？d.Toomuchworkisrequiredofstudents.要求學(xué)生做的功課太多。e.Parentsusuallyexpectmuchoftheirchildren.父母通常都對(duì)子女寄予很大希望。LanguagePointsoftheText6.…whichconsistsofthreekeyprinciples.(Para.3)consistof:tobemadeupof;tobecomposedof"由……組成，構(gòu)成"（注意，該短語(yǔ)不用于被動(dòng)式）

a.TheteamconsistsoffourEuropeansandtwoAmericans.

這個(gè)小組由四個(gè)歐洲人和兩個(gè)美國(guó)人組成。b.It’sasimpledishtoprepare,consistingmainlyofriceandvegetables.

這道菜做起來(lái)很簡(jiǎn)單，所用材料主要是大米和蔬菜。由consist構(gòu)成的常用短語(yǔ)還有consistin"在于；意味著"：a.Thedifferencebetweensuccessandfailureconsistsinperseverance.

成功和失敗的區(qū)別在于有無(wú)毅力。b.Thebeautyofthedrawingconsistsintheharmonyofthecolors.這幅畫的美在于色彩的和諧。LanguagePointsoftheText7.Shewasresponsibleforensuringthatallinstrumentsandmaterialswereaccountedforduringanabdominaloperation.(Para.4)accountfor:togiveasatisfactoryexplanationfor"交代；解釋（原因等）"a.CanyouaccountforyourabsencelastFriday?

你能解釋你上周五缺席的原因嗎？b.Hehadtoaccounttohisbossforallhismovements.

他必須將自己的行為向老板一五一十地做出交代。c.Canyouaccountforhowthemoneygotintoyourbag?

這錢是怎么進(jìn)了你口袋的，你能解釋嗎？LanguagePointsoftheText8.Smiling,thesurgeonliftedhisfootandshowedthenursethe12thsponge.(Para.7)現(xiàn)在分詞smiling在該句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨情況。現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，還可以表原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式等。例如：a.Seeingthatitwasraining,Georgeputonhisraincoat.（原因）b.Sitdown,Emma.Youwillonlymakeyourselfmoretired,keepingonyourfeet.（條件）c.Finallyweappealedtoafamousdoctorknowingitwasveryimpropertoaskhimtoworkonadog.（讓步）d.Thechildfelldown,strikinghisheadagainstthedoorandcuttingit.（結(jié)果）e.Hediedagloriousdeathfightingtheenemiesforus.（方式）LanguagePointsoftheText9.Whenyouknowyou’reright,youcan’tbackdown.(Para.8)backdown:toacceptdefeatortorelentinanargumentorclaim;toadmitthatonewaswrong"放棄論點(diǎn)或要求；承認(rèn)失??；讓步"a.Isawthatshewasright,soIhadtobackdown.

我認(rèn)識(shí)到她是正確的，所以只好放棄原來(lái)的主張。b.Thespeaker’sforcefulwordspersuadedhisopponenttobackdown.

演講人的雄辯言辭說(shuō)得他的對(duì)手退讓了。LanguagePointsoftheText10.Peoplewholackgenuinecorevaluesrelyonexternalfactors.(Para.12)relyon/upon:todependonortrust(sb.orsth.)"依賴；依靠"短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞relyon/upon

有如下多種搭配用法：a.Irelyonyouforgoodadvice.（后接賓語(yǔ)）b.I’mrelyingonthegaragetofixthecarbytomorrow.（后接賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞不定式）c.Don’trelyonfindingmeherewhenyougetback.（后接動(dòng)名詞）d.Thedirectorsofthisprojectarerelyingonthesuppliersmakingtheirbestefforts.（后接賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞）LanguagePointsoftheText11.Don’tengageinapersonalcover-upofareasthatareunpleasantinyourlife.(Para.13)engagein:totakepartin"參加；從事"a.Politiciansshouldnotengageinbusinessaffairsthatmightaffecttheirpoliticaljudgment.

搞政治的人不應(yīng)該參與那些可能會(huì)影響其政治判斷力的商業(yè)事務(wù)。b.Inthosedaystheywerenotfreetoengageinpatrioticactivities.

那時(shí)他們沒有參加愛國(guó)活動(dòng)的自由。比較engaged，和engagedon"忙于(做某事)"：a."CanyoucomeonMonday?""No,I’mengaged.""星期一你能來(lái)嗎？""不行，我有事。"b.Hehasbeenengagedforseveralyearsonamemoirofthelatepremier.

他最近幾年一直在撰寫那位已故總理的傳記。LanguagePointsoftheText12.Alifeofprinciple,ofnotsuccumbingtotheseductiveSirensofaneasymorality,willalwayswintheday.(Para.15)1)succumbto:tostopopposing;togiveinto"屈服，屈從"a.Theyheldoutforseveralhoursinthefaceofourpersuasiveoffers,buteventuallytheysuccumbed.

僵持?jǐn)?shù)小時(shí)之后，他們終于被說(shuō)服，接受了我們的建議。b.Weshouldneversuccumbtodifficulties.

我們絕不應(yīng)向困難低頭。LanguagePointsoftheText2)theseductiveSirensofaneasymorality:"（來(lái)自）品行放蕩的人的誘惑"easymorality"放蕩不羈的品行"；Sirensofaneasymorality"（像塞壬那樣的）品行放蕩不羈的人"。3)wintheday（也作carrytheday）:tobesuccessfulorgainavictory"獲得成功；勝利"Despitestrongopposition,therulingpartywon/carriedtheday.執(zhí)政黨盡管遭到強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)，還是獲勝了。LanguagePointsoftheText13.Itwilltakeyouforwardintothe21stcenturywithouthavingtocheckyourtracksinarearviewmirror.(Para.15)rearviewmirror:"汽車的后視鏡"。此處withouthavingtocheckyourtracksinarearviewmirror為比喻用法，意為"(你就)不必通過(guò)汽車后視鏡去察看車子行走留下的軌跡了"，其喻意為"你就不必回頭去看你過(guò)去的行為有無(wú)不當(dāng)之處"。NewWords

motto/?m?t??/n.(-tos

or-toes)a

shortsentence

or

phrase

used

as

aguidingprincipleorruleofbehavior格言，座右銘demonstrate/?dem?nstre?t/vt.

toprove

ormake

clear(afact),esp.byreasoning

orproviding

evidence證明，論證instinctively/?n?st??kt?vli/adv.

donewithoutthinking,becauseofanaturaltendencyor

ability本能地，憑直覺integrity/?n?teɡr?ti/n.quality

of

being

honest

and

morally

upright誠(chéng)實(shí)，

正直morality/m??r?l?ti/n.principles

of

good

behavior道德，道義，倫理NewWords

expediency/?k?spi?di?nsi/n.(also

expedience/k'spi:dions/)suitabilityorusefulnessforapurpose,thoughnotnecessarilyfair

or

moral適宜，有用，便利(但不

一定合理或正當(dāng))scarce/ske?s/adj.

noteasilyobtainedandmuchlessthanisneeded難

獲得的，不足的，稀有的triad/?tra??d/n.

agrouporsetofthreerelatedpeopleorthings三人或三物的組合conviction/k?n?v?k??n/n.(a)veryfirmlyheldandsincerebelief堅(jiān)信，深信surgical/?s??d??k?l/adj.oforusedforsurgery外科的，(用作)外科手術(shù)的NewWords

abdominal/?b?d?m?n?l/adj.inorfortheabdomen腹部的surgeon/?s??d??n/n.

adoctorwhoperformssurgicaloperations外科醫(yī)生sponge/sp?nd?/n.

apieceofabsorbentmaterialusedinasurgery(外科用的)吸水物(如紗布)rookie/?r?ki/n.(AmEinformal)aninexperiencednewcomertoateam,anorganization,etc.[美，非正式]無(wú)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的新成員progressively/pr??ɡres?vli/adv.1.increasingly逐漸地；2.bystepsordegrees逐

步地NewWords

precisely/pr??sa?sli/adv.1.exactly精確地；2.just恰好fa?ade/f??sɑ?d/n.

anoutwardappearance,esp.adeceptiveone(尤指虛假的)外觀

，

表

面cover-up/?k?v?(r)?p/n.

(derogatory)anactofconcealingamistake,somethingillegal,etc.[貶]掩蓋，掩飾

component/k?m?p??n?nt/n.anyofthepartsofwhichsomethingismade(事物的)組成部分，零部件seductive/s??d?kt?v/adj.attractiveandlikelytopersuadeyoutodosomethingthatmaybeharmfulorwrong有吸引力的，有誘惑力的NewWords

succumb/s??k?m/vi.tostopopposing,togiveinto(greaterstrengthorforce,adesire,etc.)屈服，屈從rearviewmirror/?r??vju??m?r?(r)/n.amirrorinwhichadrivercanseetrafficbehindhim(汽車的)后視鏡Phrases&Expressions

sellout(to)tobetrayone'sprinciples背棄自己的宗旨

account

fortogiveasatisfactoryexplanationfor(對(duì)……)做出滿意

的解釋backdown1.togiveupaclaimtosomething放棄對(duì)某事物的要求；2.toyield退縮，打退堂鼓engageintotakepartinorbeoccupiedin(doingsomething)參加，從事succumbtotostopopposing,togiveinto(greaterstrengthorforce,adesire,etc.)屈服，屈從ProperNames

DavidOgilvy/?de?v?d???g?lvi/大衛(wèi)·奧格爾維(人名)Ogilvy&Mather/???g?lvi?ndme?e?(r)/(美)奧美國(guó)際廣告公司Siren/?sa??r?n/(希臘神話)塞壬ReadingComprehensionDecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).Thengobacktothetextforacheckofyourunderstanding.Youshouldtellwhichline(s)ofwhichparagraphsupport(s)you.Finally,workinpairstocorrectthosefalsestatements.ReadingComprehensionFactSearching1Theauthor'sgrandparentsbelievedthattherecouldbeamiddlepositionbetweenhonestyanddishonesty.T/FLine(s)______Para______._____________________________________________________.2Theauthor'sgrandparentsdemonstratedtheirmottobytalkingalotaboutit.T/FLine(s)______Para______._____________________________________________________.1-21Hisgrandparentsbelievedyouwereeitherhonestoryouweren’t.Therewasnoin-between4-51TheydemonstratedtheirmottobythewaytheylivedReadingComprehensionFactSearching3Theauthormaintainsthatintegrityisinsufficientsupplytodayandgettingmoreandmoreplentiful.T/FLine(s)______Para______._____________________________________________________.4Thesurgeonpraisedthenursebecauseshestoodfirmlyforherownbeliefinthefaceofpressure.T/FLine(s)______Para______._____________________________________________________.5Obviously,courageandstraightforwardnessaretwoessentialcomponentsofintegrity.T/FLine(s)______Para______._____________________________________________________.6Byintegritywemeanweshouldactinaccordancewithwhatisfashionableandpoliticallycorrect.T/FLine(s)______Para______._____________________________________________________.4-52Integrityisinshortsupplytodayandgettingscarcer1-271-214Self-respectandaclearconscienceareimportantfoundationsofintegrity1-215Integritymeansyoudowhatyoudobecauseit’srightandnotjustfashionableorpoliticallycorrectChoosethebestoptiontofinishthefollowingexercises.ReadingComprehensionReadingAnalysis1Whatdoestheword"it"refertointhelastsentenceofParagraphTwo?A.Itrefersto"everyareaofsociety".B.Itrefersto"therealbottomlineineveryareaofsociety".C.Itrefersto"mygrandparents'motto"D.Itrefersto"integrity".2Whatcanyouinferfromthestoryaboutthenurse?A.Anewemployee'sperformanceonthefirstdayisverysignificant.B.Duringanabdominaloperation,anurseshouldbeworkingcautiously.C.Oneshouldstandfirmlyforhisconvictionsinthefaceofpersonalpressure.D.Anursehasanequalrighttoadoctorinthehospital.Choosethebestoptiontofinishthefollowingexercises.ReadingComprehensionReadingAnalysis3HowdidDavidOgilvymakehispointcleartothenewly-appointedheads?A.HesentthemeachaRussiannestingdollandlefthismessageinthesmallestdoll.B.Hetoldthemthestoryof"SnowWhiteandSevenDwarfs".C.Hepromisedthemabrightfuture.D.HegavethemcreditthatisrightfullytheirsChoosethebestoptiontofinishthefollowingexercises.ReadingComprehensionReadingAnalysis4Whatarethekeyprinciplesforintegrity?A.Standingfirmlyforyourconvictionsinthefaceofpersonalpressure.B.Alwaysgivingotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirs.C.Beinghonestandopenaboutwhoyoureallyare.D.Alloftheabove.5Accordingtotheauthor,______istherealbottomlineineveryareaofsociety.A.integrity B.conscience C.convictions D.self-respect1.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetextyouhaveread.ReadingComprehensionInformationRecallandSummaryWhatdidtheauthor'sgrandparentscomparelifeto?Intheirmotto,theycomparedlifetoafieldofnewlyfallensnow:everystepwillshowwhereonechoosestowalk.

1.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetextyouhaveread.ReadingComprehensionInformationRecallandSummary(2)Whatisthemeaningofintegrityaccordingtotheauthor'sgrandparents?

Integritymeanshavingapersonalstandardofmoralityandethicsthatdoesnotsellouttoexpediencyandthatisnotrelativetothesituationathand.

1.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetextyouhaveread.ReadingComprehensionInformationRecallandSummary(3)WhowasDavidOgilvy?

DavidOgilvywasthefounderofOgilvy&Mather,anadvertisingcompany.Hiscompanyhasbecomeoneofthelargestandmostrespectedadvertisingorganizationsintheworld.(StudentscanrefertoCulturalBackgroundandRelatedInformation.)1.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetextyouhaveread.ReadingComprehensionInformationRecallandSummary(4)Whatdoestheexpression"externalfactors"refertoinParagraph12?

"Externalfactors"herereferstotheirlooks(physicalappearance)orstatus(socialposition).1.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetextyouhaveread.ReadingComprehensionInformationRecallandSummary(5)Inordertofeelgoodaboutthemselves,whatwillthepeoplewholackgenuinecorevaluesdo?

Theymaypossiblyrelyontheirlooksorstatusinordertofeelgoodaboutthemselves.Inevitablytheywilldoeverythingtheycantomaintainthisfa?ade,buttheywilldoverylittletodeveloptheirinnervalueandpersonalworth.1.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetextyouhaveread.ReadingComprehensionInformationRecallandSummary(6)Shouldweyieldtotemptation?Whyorwhynot?

No,weshouldn’t.Alifeofprinciple,ofnotsuccumbingtotemptationwillalwayswintheday.ReadingComprehension__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Writeabriefsummaryofthetext.Compareyoursummarywiththatofyourdeskmateandseewhichonecanbetterdescribethemainideaofthetext.

InformationRecallandSummaryReadingComprehension

InformationRecallandSummaryMoralintegrity,whichintheeyesoftheoldergenerationconstitutesaperson’scharacter,isneverthelessfadingawayfrommoreandmorepeople’smindstoday.However,itisjustthisinstinctivemoralvaluethatkeepsthesocietystableandmovingforwardsmoothly.Theauthor,whoconsidersintegrityasthebottomlineineveryareaofsociety,proposesthreeprinciplesfortestingandmaintainingmoralintegrity.First,standfirmlyforwhatyoubelievedespitethepressurefromothers.Secondly,acknowledgeandrespectothers’pointofviewthoughitmaysometimesdifferfromyours.Lastly,alwaysbehonestandpresentyourtrueselftoothers.Theseprinciplesofintegrityshallenableustoleadalifeontherighttrack.ReadingComprehensionCompletethefollowingtablebasedonthetext.Useyourownwordsifpossible.

InformationOrganizationnotjudgingourselveshisownbeliefcredithonestandopenrightwinthedaytakeyouforwardReadingComprehensionDiscussthefollowingtopicswithyourteammates.Youmayusethegiventopic-relatedwordsandexpressions.

TeamWorkUsefultopic-relatedwordsandexpressionsNounsforgiveness;generosity;honesty;compassion;courage;responsibility;loyalty;sincerity;justice;moderation;humility;conniver;counterfeit;corruptionandmoralcrisis;candidatesubstitution,etc.Verbscopyandpaste;download;trick;fake;pretendto;foul;mistrust;coverupfor;punish;evaluate,etc.Adjectivesshortsighted;over-practical;honest;profitable;distorted,etc.ReadingComprehension

TeamWork1TheauthormentionsthathisIntegrityTriadisagoodtestformoralvalues.Doyoubelievethatfollowingthosestepscouldmakeyoutruetoyourself?Ifyoubelieveso,citeinstancesorexamplesfromyourownexperiencetoillustratethisviewpoint.

Thisisopentodiscussion,thoughmostreaderswilladmitthattheauthor’swayisaneffectiveone.Tobetruetoyourselfmeanstobeloyaltotherealthoughtsdeepinyourheart.AndtheIntegrityTriadthattheauthorgivesisreallytheessenceoflife.ReadingComprehension

TeamWork2Theissueofacademichonestyandintegrityhascapturedmanypeople'sattention.WhatdoyouthinkarethecommonproblemsofethicsatuniversitiesandcollegesinChinatoday?Ascollegestudents,howshouldwecopewithsuchproblemsofethics?Thoughproblemsofacademichonestyandintegritymaynotbeacommonphenomenon,weshallneverdenytheirharmfuleffects.Itistruethatsomepeoplehavegainedalltypesofso-calledsuccessbysellingouttheirintegrityanddignity.Byresortingtosuchmeans,however,theyhavecompromisedtheacademicenvironmentandtheirownlearning.Firstofall,weshouldrefrainfromtheseunacceptableanddishonestbehavior.Thereisnolastingrewardinill-gottengain.Good-naturedvigilanceandawordofwarningmaybeallthatittakestokeepthingshonest.SkillsBuilding02WordFormsCompletethefollowingtableafterthemodel.Youmayuseadictionaryifnecessary.

progressprogressiveprecision/precisenesspreciselypoliticspoliticalpersonpersonallymoralmorallyfashionfashionablypowerpowerfullyVocabularyinContext

1.MatcheachofthewordsorphrasesinColumnAwithitsantonyminColumnB.A(1)honest(2)simple(3)inner(4)unfortunately(5)dwarf(6)external(7)powerful(8)fashionableB(1)fortunately(2)giant(3)outdated(4)dishonest(5)complex(6)weak,ineffective(7)outer(8)internalVocabularyinContext

2.Makesentenceswiththeexpressionsgivenafterthemodel.(1)accountforModel:

Ithinkyouwillhavetoaccountforeverypennyofthemoneythatweentrustedtoyou.________________________________________________________________________________(2)backdownModel:

Afterbeingshownconclusiveevidence,theothersidehadtobackdown.________________________________________________________________________________Wemustaccount(toouremployer)forthemoney