山東省濰坊市昌邑市2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題2

高一期中調(diào)研監(jiān)測(cè)考試英語(yǔ)試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫(xiě)在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthewomandoatlast?A.Cleantheroom.B.Eatsomething.C.Washclothes.2.Whatisthemanadvisedtodo?A.Catchanotherbird.B.Setthebirdfree.C.Keepthebird.3.Whenwillthegamestart?A.1:00p.m..B.4:00p.m..C.5:00p.m..4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inalibrary.C.Athome.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Chinesepainting.B.Thingsforapainting.C.Atriptoamuseum.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthewomangoingtocook?A.Steak.B.Pizza.C.Chicken.7.WhatdoesHarrythinkofthewoman’scooking?A.Great.B.Terrible.C.Justsoso.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhydoesthemanwanttoworkatCampElizabeth?A.Itwinshighpraise.B.Itoffersagoodpay.C.Heknowssomepeoplethere.9.Whatdoesthemancareabout?A.Theworkmates.B.Thecampingsite.C.Theacmodation.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhomainlyusestheUSALearns?A.Adults.B.Youngchildren.C.Middleschoolstudents.11.WhatwillJamesusethecoursefor?A.Practicinggrammar.B.Increasingnewwords.C.LearningAmericanculture.12.Howdidthewomanknowaboutthecourse?A.Fromafriend.B.Fromawebsite.C.Fromamagazine.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Managinghermoney.B.Makinganinterview.C.Givingadviceonstudies.14.WhatcostsMattmosteachmonth?A.Clothes.B.Books.C.Food.15.HowmuchdoesMattspendonsportsamonth?A.About$50.B.About$30.C.About$15.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Coworkers.C.Schoolmates.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhendidIanfirstwanttohelpfeedsomekids?A.Attheageof7.B.Attheageof9.C.Attheageof10.18.WhydidIandowellingardening?A.Hetookcookingclasses.B.Heoftengardenedatschool.C.Hehadsomegardeningexperience.19.WheredidIancreateagardenatfirst?A.Athisownschool.B.Behindhisparents’house.C.Inthemunity’semptyarea.20.WhatistheresultofIan’sGivingGardenproject?A.Ithasstartedacookingschool.B.Ithassetupafoodorganization.C.Ithasgivenoutagreatdealofproduce.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AVolunteerPositionDescriptionsforShootingRange(射擊場(chǎng))ShootingrangevolunteersperformkindsofdutiestohelpBureauofLandManagement(BLM)staff(工作人員)inkeepingtheshootingrangeoperating.Volunteersaretheimportantsourceofinformationandhelpforvisitors.Theyareamainpartofthevisitorexperienceattherangeandcanmakesurevisitorshaveanexcellentandsafeexperience.WorkingTime●Theshootingrangeareopeneddailyunlesspostedorduringfireseasons.●Freestartandstopdatesareallowed,butvolunteersarerequiredtosignuponayearlybasis.●Volunteersmayworkbetween120hoursperweek,butnomorethan4hoursperday.ToolsandEquipment(設(shè)備)●Volunteersmayusehandtoolstoprovidebasicrepairs.●Smartphonesandotherdatacollectiontoolsmaybeusedtohelpwithsitemonitoringandenvironmentalconditioncheck.PhysicalRequirements●Whileonduty,volunteersmustweartheprovidedpersonalprotectiveequipment(PPE)suchasprotectiveeyewear,hearingprotection,shoes,andotherarticlesofclothing.●VolunteersmustnotwearanypartoftheofficialBLMuniform(制服).●Volunteersmustmakerightamountofphysicaleffort(suchashikingoveralongpath)and/orcarryingandliftingheavyobjects(upto50pounds).●Volunteerswillstayinextremeheat,highwindsorotherterribleweatherconditionsduringtheirworkhours.VolunteersenrichthevisitorexperienceattheshootingrangeandotherBLMmanagedlands.After250hoursofvolunteertime,theyhavethechancefortheAmericatheBeautifulNationalParksPass.1.Whatisadutyoftheshootingrangevolunteers?A.TrainingBLMstaff. B.Keepingvisitorssafe.C.Runningtheshootingrange. D.Checkingstaff’sinformation.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutvolunteers’workingtime?A.Theycansignupmonthly. B.Theycanstartworkingatanytime.C.Theyareexpectedtoworkeveryday. D.Theyworkmorethan20hoursaweek.3.Whatarevolunteersrequiredtodowhileonduty?A.Takeonheavywork. B.Wearofficialsuits.C.Cleanprotectiveequipment. D.Recordweatherchanges.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了射擊場(chǎng)志愿者的職責(zé)、工作時(shí)間、所需工具和設(shè)備及身體要求等信息。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Volunteersaretheimportantsourceofinformationandhelpforvisitors.Theyareamainpartofthevisitorexperienceattherangeandcanmakesurevisitorshaveanexcellentandsafeexperience.(志愿者是游客信息和幫助的重要來(lái)源。他們是游客體驗(yàn)的主要部分，可以確保游客有一個(gè)良好的和安全的體驗(yàn)。)”可知，射擊場(chǎng)志愿者的職責(zé)是確保游客的安全。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WorkingTime部分中“●Freestartandstopdatesareallowed,butvolunteersarerequiredtosignuponayearlybasis.●Volunteersmayworkbetween120hoursperweek,butnomorethan4hoursperday.(●允許自由開(kāi)始和結(jié)束日期，但志愿者需要每年注冊(cè)一次。●志愿者每周可以工作120小時(shí)，但每天不超過(guò)4小時(shí)。)”可知，志愿者可以隨時(shí)開(kāi)始工作，但需要按年注冊(cè)。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PhysicalRequirements部分中“●Volunteersmustmakerightamountofphysicaleffort(suchashikingoveralongpath)and/orcarryingandliftingheavyobjects(upto50pounds).(●志愿者必須進(jìn)行適量的體力勞動(dòng)（如在一條很長(zhǎng)的小路上徒步旅行）和/或搬運(yùn)重物（最多50磅）。)”可知，志愿者在值班時(shí)需要承擔(dān)繁重的工作。故選A。BEvenat80,MeiJingtianstillpatrols(巡邏)theShixiaguanpartoftheGreatWall.Withover40yearsofexperience,hetapstheovergrowngroundwithawoodenstick,warningwildanimalsforsafety.HelivesinShixiavillagenearthe8.6kilometerpart.Shixiavillagershaveadeeploveforthewall.Meirememberswhenheranandplayedhideandseekwithhisfriendsonthelargebuildingasachild.Howeverin1979,whenhereturnedtoShixiaafterworkingoutsideforyears,hewasshockedbytheterriblesituationoftheoldwall.“Somevillagerseventookstonesfromittobuildtheirhouses,”Meisays.Toprotectthewonder,Meivolunteeredasaguardian,patrolling20kilometersdaily,preventingpeoplefromtakingstones,writingonthewallordroppinglitter.In1984,aGreatWallprotectionprogramstarted,withMei’seffortencouragingmany,anditwasquicklypickedupbyvillagersinShixia.Realizingtheimportanceofprotection,moreandmoreofthemreturnedthestonestheyhadtakenandjoinedMeionpatrol.In2006,asvillagehead,Meisetupavolunteerprotectionorganisation,andabout80of100villagersjoinedasguardians.Hisniece,LiuHongyan,encouragedbyhim,alsobecameaguardianin2019.“WhenIwasachild,myunclealwaystoldmehispatrolstoriesandtalkedaboutthehistoryoftheGreatWall,”Liusays.“ItismydutyandresponsibilitytoprotecttheGreatWall.”Mei’shardworkhasmadeadifference.From2015to2023,289protectionprojectswereallowedandthousandsofguardiansjoined.Eventhoughthereisprogress,theShixiaguanpartstillremainsclosedtothepublic.“Mybiggestwish,”Meisays,“istoseetheGreatWallwellprotectedandopenforalltovisit,encouragingmorepeopletojoinusinprotectingit.”4.WhatmadeMeiJingtiandecidetoprotecttheGreatWall?A.Thedreamofbeingahero. B.Theinfluenceofhisfriends.C.PoorconditionoftheGreatWall. D.Encouragementfromthevillagers.5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“pickedup”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Recognised. B.Finished. C.Managed. D.Developed.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMeiJingtian?A.Carefulandconfident. B.Kindheartedandhumorous.C.Creativeandcurious. D.Responsibleandstrongwilled.7.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.AlifelongguardianoftheGreatWall. B.Villagers’deeplovefortheGreatWall.C.TheprogressinprotectingtheGreatWall. D.ApracticalGreatWallprotectionprogram.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了梅景田畢生致力于保護(hù)長(zhǎng)城的事跡，他最初決定志愿成為長(zhǎng)城守護(hù)者，后來(lái)他努力組織和鼓勵(lì)他人加入保護(hù)長(zhǎng)城的行列?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Howeverin1979,whenhereturnedtoShixiaafterworkingoutsideforyears,hewasshockedbytheterriblesituationoftheoldwall.“Somevillagerseventookstonesfromittobuildtheirhouses,”Meisays.Toprotectthewonder,Meivolunteeredasaguardian,patrolling20kilometersdaily,preventingpeoplefromtakingstones,writingonthewallordroppinglitter.(然而，1979年，當(dāng)他在外面工作多年后回到石峽時(shí)，他被老城墻的可怕?tīng)顩r震驚了。梅說(shuō)：“一些村民甚至用石頭蓋房子?！睘榱吮Ｗo(hù)這一奇跡，梅自愿成為一名守護(hù)者，每天巡邏20公里，防止人們拿石頭、在墻上寫(xiě)字或亂扔垃圾)”可知，殘破的長(zhǎng)城使梅景田決定保護(hù)長(zhǎng)城。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線部分的下文“Realizingtheimportanceofprotection,moreandmoreofthemreturnedthestonestheyhadtakenandjoinedMeionpatrol.(意識(shí)到保護(hù)的重要性，越來(lái)越多的人歸還了他們帶走的石頭，加入了梅的巡邏)”可知，當(dāng)?shù)卮迕褚庾R(shí)到要保護(hù)長(zhǎng)城，開(kāi)始著手進(jìn)行保護(hù)計(jì)劃。由此可知，長(zhǎng)城保護(hù)計(jì)劃得到了這里的村民的認(rèn)可，畫(huà)線部分意思應(yīng)該與Recognised“認(rèn)可，承認(rèn)”一致。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Evenat80,MeiJingtianstillpatrols(巡邏)theShixiaguanpartoftheGreatWall.(即使在80歲的時(shí)候，梅景田仍然在石峽關(guān)長(zhǎng)城巡邏)”、第二段中“Toprotectthewonder,Meivolunteeredasaguardian,patrolling20kilometersdaily,preventingpeoplefromtakingstones,writingonthewallordroppinglitter.(為了保護(hù)這一奇跡，梅自愿成為一名守護(hù)者，每天巡邏20公里，防止人們拿石頭、在墻上寫(xiě)字或亂扔垃圾)”和第三段中“In2006,asvillagehead,Meisetupavolunteerprotectionorganisation,andabout80of100villagersjoinedasguardians.(2006年，作為村長(zhǎng)，梅成立了一個(gè)志愿者保護(hù)組織，100名村民中約有80人作為守護(hù)人加入)”可知，梅景田志愿做長(zhǎng)城的守護(hù)者，每天巡邏，防止長(zhǎng)城被破壞，成立志愿者保護(hù)組織，80歲還在堅(jiān)守這一使命。這些展現(xiàn)了他的責(zé)任感和堅(jiān)強(qiáng)意志。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“Evenat80,MeiJingtianstillpatrols(巡邏)theShixiaguanpartoftheGreatWall.(即使在80歲的時(shí)候，梅景田仍然在石峽關(guān)長(zhǎng)城巡邏)”可知，文章圍繞梅景田畢生致力于保護(hù)長(zhǎng)城的事跡展開(kāi)，他最初決定志愿成為長(zhǎng)城守護(hù)者，后來(lái)他努力組織和鼓勵(lì)他人加入保護(hù)長(zhǎng)城的行列，即文章主要是關(guān)于長(zhǎng)城的終身守護(hù)者。故選A項(xiàng)。CInthefirsthalfofthetwentiethcentury,KarlvonFrisch,ascientistwhostudiedanimalbehavior,changedourimpressionofhoneybeesbydiscoveringthe“waggle(搖擺)dance”,whichmaynotbeconsideredasalanguage,butaformofmunication.Itwasoneofourfirstunderstandingsthatbeesdosomethinglikewhatwecall“thinking”.ClintPerryascientistatQueenMaryUniversityofLondon,hasspentmuchtimestudyinghowbeesthink.Hegavebeesachoicebetweenlandingonaplaceaboveablackbar(橫木)oraplacebelowit.Iftheylandedabovethebar,theywouldfindadelicioussugarydrink.Iftheychosetheplacebelowtheblackbar,theyfoundaterribledrink.Hemadethetestharderoreasierbymovingthelandingplacesfartherfromorclosertotheblackbar.Butbeesalsohadthechoiceofavoidingthetaskiftheyweren’tsuretheywouldsucceed.Perryfoundthatbeesavoidedthetestwhenitwasdifficultandgaveitatrywhenitwaseasy.Perrypointedoutthatwecan’tknowforsurefromtestslikethiswhetherbeesareactuallyjudgingbytheirownknowledgeorsimplyquittingthetaskbecauseofanunhappyconnectionwiththeterribledrink.Scientistsstilldonotknowhowbeesmanagetodosomuchwiththeirtinybrains.Nooneissuggestingthatbeesareassmartashumans,atleastnotwhenitestothingslikememoryandlanguage.Butlearningmoreabouthowbees’brainsworkcouldhelpuslearnmoreabouthowourownbrainsdealwithinformation.Wemayalsohavetorethinkhowweviewtherestoftheinsectworld.Therearealotofsmallcreatures(生物)flyingaroundinthegarden.Whoknowswhatthosetinymindsmightbeabletodo?8WhydoestheauthormentionKarlvonFrischinthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroduceafamousscientist. B.Tochangetheimpressionofbees.C.Toshowearlystudyofbees’thinking. D.Tostresstheimportanceofbees’study.9.HowdidClintPerrymakethetaskdifficult?A.Bysettingmorechoices. B.Bygivingchallengingorders.C.Bymakinglandingplacesfarther. D.Byreducingthesweetlevelofthedrinks.10.WhatisClintPerry’sattitudetotheresultoftheresearch?A.Supportive. B.Uncaring. C.Doubtful. D.Uncertain.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Insects’thinkingabilitywillimprove. B.Thenumberofsmallinsectswillincrease.C.Studyoninsects’brainshasalongwaytogo. D.Insects’lifehabitswillbeafocusofresearch.【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了ClintPerry對(duì)于研究蜜蜂的思考行為的實(shí)驗(yàn)，并表明其他的昆蟲(chóng)大腦也值得研究?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Inthefirsthalfofthetwentiethcentury,KarlvonFrisch,ascientistwhostudiedanimalbehavior,changedourimpressionofhoneybeesbydiscoveringthe“waggle(搖擺)dance”,whichmaynotbeconsideredasalanguage,butaformofmunication.Itwasoneofourfirstunderstandingsthatbeesdosomethinglikewhatwecall“thinking”.(20世紀(jì)上半葉，研究動(dòng)物行為的科學(xué)家卡爾·馮·弗里施（KarlvonFrisch）發(fā)現(xiàn)了“搖擺舞”，改變了我們對(duì)蜜蜂的印象?！皳u擺舞”可能不是一種語(yǔ)言，而是一種交流形式。這是我們最初的理解之一，蜜蜂會(huì)做一些我們稱之為“思考”的事情)”可知，文章第一段提及KarlvonFrisch的發(fā)現(xiàn)“搖擺舞”是為了展示蜜蜂是會(huì)思考的，該發(fā)現(xiàn)是蜜蜂行為的早期研究。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Hemadethetestharderoreasierbymovingthelandingplacesfartherfromorclosertotheblackbar.(他把著陸點(diǎn)移得離黑條更遠(yuǎn)或更近，從而使測(cè)試變得更困難或更容易)”可知，ClintPerry通過(guò)將著陸點(diǎn)移得離黑條更遠(yuǎn)來(lái)加大任務(wù)難度。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Perrypointedoutthatwecan’tknowforsurefromtestslikethiswhetherbeesareactuallyjudgingbytheirownknowledgeorsimplyquittingthetaskbecauseofanunhappyconnectionwiththeterribledrink.(Perry指出，我們不能從這樣的測(cè)試中確定蜜蜂是根據(jù)自己的知識(shí)來(lái)判斷，還是只是因?yàn)榕c可怕的飲料產(chǎn)生了不愉快的聯(lián)系而放棄了任務(wù))”可知，ClintPerry對(duì)于這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果不是十分確定。故選D。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Wemayalsohavetorethinkhowweviewtherestoftheinsectworld.Therearealotofsmallcreatures(生物)flyingaroundinthegarden.Whoknowswhatthosetinymindsmightbeabletodo?(我們可能也不得不重新思考我們?nèi)绾慰创渌睦ハx(chóng)世界。有很多小生物在花園里飛來(lái)飛去。誰(shuí)知道這些小腦袋能做什么呢？)”可知，最后一段表明還有其他的昆蟲(chóng)的大腦也值得研究，對(duì)昆蟲(chóng)大腦的研究還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。故選C。DLittlekidsaremuchmorelikelytorememberathingthatisunimaginabletothem,ateamreportsinthejournalPNAS.Feigenson,anexpertatJohnsHopkinsUniversityandAimeeStahlofTheCollegeofNewJerseydidanexperimentthatincluded3352and3yearolds.“Wewantedtoknowhowlittlekidsthinkaboutpossibilities,”Feigensonsays.Theirfirstchallengewasgettingtheattentionofkidsthatyoung,sothescientistsdesignedaspecialmachinefilledwithtoys.Itturnsoutthatthechancetoputalittlecoininamachineandgetaprizeisadrivetokids.Whenthelittlekidsgotatoyfromthemachine,thescientiststoldthemithadamadeupname:Blick.Later,theywereaskedtopointtotheBlickamongmanytoys.Whenthelittlekidsknewthetransparent(透明的)machineheldBlicks,theywereunsurprisedbytheirprizeandusuallyforgotitsname.ThiswastrueevenwhenthemachinehadonlyoneortwoBlicksamonglotsofothertoys.ButthelittlekidsbehavedverydifferentlywhentheygotaBlickfromamachinethatappearedtohavenone,aseeminglyimpossiblething.“Often,“kids’eyesgetwide,andtheirmouthsopen,andtheylookattheirmominsurprisethatthishashappened,”Feigensonsays.Moreover,whenlittlekidsmetthispletelyunexpectedresult,theyusuallyrememberedtheBlick’sname.Theyarereallydriventolearn.Theresultsfurtherprovethatevenveryyoungchildrenlearnbetterwhentheymeettheunexpected,saysAndrewShtulman,anexpertatOccidentalCollege.“Itcausesalevelofsurprisethatleadstomoreattention,betterunderstandingofthethings,andbettercontinuousattentionofthosethingslateron,”headds,“Ifyouwantchildrentolearnsomethingdeeplyandforalongtime,yougoagainsttheirexpectationsbeforeintroducingthatinformation.”12.Whatdoestheexperimentfocuson?A.Littlekids’imagination. B.Littlekids’rememberance.C.Littlekids’curiosityaboutlearning. D.Littlekids’behaviourtopossibilities.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”refertoinparagraph3?A.Theyhadnointerestintheresult. B.Theyhadnoconfidenceinwinning.C.Theyhaddifficultyinconcentrating. D.Theydidwellintellingthedifference.14.HowdidlittlekidsfindthemachinewithoutBlicks?A.Theywereamazed. B.Theywereannoyed.C.Theyweresatisfied. D.Theywerefrightened.15.WhatisAndrewShtulman’ssuggestiononchildren’slearning?A.Offerinformationdirectly. B.Teachthemastheyexpect.C.Providemoreteachingmethods. D.Surprisethekidstolearnbetter.【答案】12.D13.A14.A15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了Feigenson和AimeeStahl做的一個(gè)關(guān)于兒童對(duì)可能性的認(rèn)知和記憶的實(shí)驗(yàn)，以及實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果對(duì)于兒童學(xué)習(xí)方式的啟示?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段““Wewantedtoknowhowlittlekidsthinkaboutpossibilities,”Feigensonsays.(費(fèi)根森說(shuō)：“我們想知道小孩子是如何看待各種可能性的”)”可知，這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)主要關(guān)注的是孩子們對(duì)可能性的認(rèn)知和記憶。故選D?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“Whenthelittlekidsgotatoyfromthemachine,thescientiststoldthemithadamadeupname:Blick.Later,theywereaskedtopointtotheBlickamongmanytoys.Whenthelittlekidsknewthetransparent(透明的)machineheldBlicks,theywereunsurprisedbytheirprizeandusuallyforgotitsname.(當(dāng)孩子們從機(jī)器里拿到一個(gè)玩具時(shí)，科學(xué)家們告訴他們這個(gè)玩具有一個(gè)虛構(gòu)的名字：Blick。之后，他們被要求在許多玩具中指出Blick。當(dāng)孩子們知道透明的機(jī)器里裝著B(niǎo)lick時(shí)，他們對(duì)獎(jiǎng)品并不感到驚訝，而且通常會(huì)忘記它的名字)”可知，從一個(gè)透明機(jī)器里拿到Blick時(shí)孩子們似乎對(duì)獎(jiǎng)品并不感興趣，結(jié)合even表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系可知，劃線詞所在句子指“即使這臺(tái)機(jī)器在許多其他玩具中只有一兩個(gè)Blick，他們對(duì)結(jié)果也不感興趣”。故this指的是“他們對(duì)結(jié)果不感興趣”。故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““Often,“kids’eyesgetwide,andtheirmouthsopen,andtheylookattheirmominsurprisethatthishashappened,”Feigensonsays.(費(fèi)根森說(shuō)，通常情況下，“孩子們會(huì)睜大眼睛，張大嘴巴，驚訝地看著媽媽?！?”可知，孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)沒(méi)有Blick的機(jī)器時(shí)，他們感到驚訝，故選A?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theresultsfurtherprovethatevenveryyoungchildrenlearnbetterwhentheymeettheunexpected,saysAndrewShtulman,anexpertatOccidentalCollege.“Itcausesalevelofsurprisethatleadstomoreattention,betterunderstandingofthethings,andbettercontinuousattentionofthosethingslateron,”headds,“Ifyouwantchildrentolearnsomethingdeeplyandforalongtime,yougoagainsttheirexpectationsbeforeintroducingthatinformation.”(西方學(xué)院的專家AndrewShtulman說(shuō)，研究結(jié)果進(jìn)一步證明，即使是很小的孩子，在遇到意外情況時(shí)也能學(xué)得更好。他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)：“它會(huì)引起一定程度的驚訝，從而導(dǎo)致更多的注意力，更好地理解事物，并在以后更好地持續(xù)關(guān)注這些事物。如果你想讓孩子們長(zhǎng)期深入地學(xué)習(xí)一些東西，那么在介紹這些信息之前，你不順著他們的期望?！?”可知，AndrewShtulman的建議是給孩子驚訝，讓他們學(xué)得更好。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ihaveaterriblesenseofdirection,sowithouttheguideofGPS—theGlobalPositioningSystem—notonlywouldIbelost,butalsoI’dfeellost.___16___.IfyouwanttogetconfidenceontheroadorbelessdependentonGPStogetaround,herearesomestepsyoucantaketoimproveyoursenseofdirection.TurnoffyourGPSandgetlostonpurpose.Nexttimeyougoforawalk,godownaroadyou’venotwalkedandseewhereitendsuportakethebeautifulroadtoyourfavoriterestaurantorcoffeeshop.___17___.Thegoalistogetfortablewithgettinglostandmovingthroughtheworldwithoutamap.Uselandmarkstoguideyourself.Notsureifyou’renorth,south,eastorwestfromhome?___18___.Theperfectlandmarkislargeandfaraway,likeabigsign,ahighway,orabridgewhichcanserveasabettermarkofdirection.Usememorytricks(技巧)torememberwhereyouare.Peoplewithagoodsenseofdirectionknowtheirstreets.Ifyouhavenosenseofdirection,youcantrysomeexpertmethods.Keepstreetnamesandroadsinmindbyusingstoriesandtrickstolockthingsin.___19___.Thesemethodsmaynotturnyouintoanexpertguideabletofindyourwayoutofbeinglost.___20___.Andyoucanusethemtogainabettersenseofownershipoveryourenvironment.A.DrivingwithGPSbringstroublesometimes.B.Picklandmarksintowntohelpguideyourself.C.Buttheycanreduceanyanxietyaboutgettinglost.D.Itgivesyouanideaofhowthestreetsareconnected.E.ThenseeifyoucanmakeitbackhomewithoutaGPS.F.Thisisespeciallyhelpfulwhenstreetnamesarehardtoknow.G.However,dependenceonGPScanleadtoanarrowerviewofyourenvironment.【答案】16.G17.E18.B19.F20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了不利用GPS，培養(yǎng)方向感的一些方法?！?6題詳解】前文“Ihaveaterriblesenseofdirection,sowithouttheguideofGPS—theGlobalPositioningSystem—notonlywouldIbelost,butalsoI’dfeellost.(我的方向感很差，所以如果沒(méi)有GPS（全球定位系統(tǒng)）的指引，我不僅會(huì)迷路，而且會(huì)感到迷路)”可知，作者描述自己方向感很差，需要借助GPS引導(dǎo)；后文“IfyouwanttogetconfidenceontheroadorbelessdependentonGPStogetaround,herearesomestepsyoucantaketoimproveyoursenseofdirection.(如果你想在路上獲得信心，或者少依賴GPS出行，這里有一些你可以采取的步驟來(lái)提高你的方向感)”表明下文介紹減少對(duì)于GPS的依賴提高自身方向感的措施，推斷空處應(yīng)該寫(xiě)出依賴GPS的壞處，G選項(xiàng)“然而，對(duì)GPS的依賴會(huì)導(dǎo)致你對(duì)環(huán)境的視野更窄”與前文轉(zhuǎn)折，說(shuō)明對(duì)于GPS依賴的壞處。故選G。【17題詳解】前文“Nexttimeyougoforawalk,godownaroadyou’venotwalkedandseewhereitendsuportakethebeautifulroadtoyourfavoriterestaurantorcoffeeshop.(下次你去散步的時(shí)候，走一條你沒(méi)走過(guò)的路，看看它會(huì)停在哪里，或者走一條美麗的路去你最喜歡的餐廳或咖啡店)”表明步行時(shí)要走一條從未走過(guò)的路，不依賴GPS，E選項(xiàng)“然后看看你能不能在沒(méi)有GPS的情況下回家”同樣表明不用GPS的情況，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?8題詳解】前文“Notsureifyou’renorth,south,eastorwestfromhome?(不確定你是在家的北、南、東還是西邊)”引出問(wèn)題，空處引提出解決方案，結(jié)合后文“Theperfectlandmarkislargeandfaraway,likeabigsign,ahighway,orabridgewhichcanserveasabettermarkofdirection.(完美的地標(biāo)是又大又遠(yuǎn)的，像一個(gè)大的標(biāo)志，一條公路或一座橋，可以作為更好的方向標(biāo)志)”可知，空處應(yīng)表示利用路標(biāo)，B選項(xiàng)“選擇城里的地標(biāo)來(lái)幫助你自己”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?9題詳解】前文“Keepstreetnamesandroadsinmindbyusingstoriesandtrickstolockthingsin.(使用故事和技巧來(lái)記住街道名稱和道路，以便在需要時(shí)能夠迅速找到它們)”表示可以通過(guò)記住街道名稱和道路來(lái)認(rèn)路，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)街道名稱很難知道時(shí)，這尤其有用”中This指代“使用故事和技巧來(lái)記住街道名稱和道路”，同樣表示利用街道名稱和道路來(lái)認(rèn)路。故選F?！?0題詳解】前文“Thesemethodsmaynotturnyouintoanexpertguideabletofindyourwayoutofbeinglost.(這些方法可能無(wú)法讓你成為一名能夠在迷路時(shí)找到出路的專家導(dǎo)游)”表明這些方法不會(huì)讓自己成為專家導(dǎo)游，空處應(yīng)描述這些方法的實(shí)際用處，C選項(xiàng)“但它們可以減少迷路的焦慮”符合語(yǔ)境，與前文語(yǔ)境一致。故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Waters’strongconfidencemadeherthetopofhergame—sheholdsnumberoneintennisinFlorida.Waters,anaturalplayernever___21___toturntennisintoacareer(職業(yè)).WhenhergrandfatheraskedhertoplaytennisaftermovingtoFlorida,shegavethesportatry.Soonthissport___22___her.Attheageof12,shebeganplayingtennisinthenationalteamandquickly___23___thelist,havingwonsixgoldmedalsintheNationalTennisChampionship.Waters___24___beginsherdaywithtwohoursoftraining.Afterdoingherschoolwork,she___25___backtothegymforanothertwohourswithher___26___.She’sbeentravelingfortournaments(錦標(biāo)賽)everyotherweek.WhenWatersfeelsthestress___27___whileinthegameandneedstoclimboutofit,shecallsa___28___andtalkstoherself.“Whenyou’reundergreatstress,youhavetokeep___29___becauseyouropponent(對(duì)手)istryingtobeatyou,andifyou’retryingtobeatyourselftoo,thenthat’stwo____30____one.Believeinyourgameandwhatyou’vedone.”Watersconsiderstheabilityto____31____selfdoubtveryimportant.____32____changinghashelpedWaterssucceed.Tennisaccidentlycreatesa____33____inWaters.Andher____34____hasbeenattractingmoreplayersnationwide.So,ifyou’dliketopickitup,justfindatenniscourtandgiveita____35____!21.A.expected B.waited C.preferred D.agreed22.A.relaxed B.bored C.impressed D.annoyed23.A.planned B.topped C.ran D.got24.A.especially B.formally C.immediately D.usually25.A.heads B.brings C.stays D.calls26.A.trainers B.classmates C.parents D.neighbors27.A.dropping B.rising C.changing D.disappearing28.A.ride B.meeting C.leave D.stop29.A.curious B.nervous C.confident D.proud30.A.for B.beside C.near D.against31.A.menton B.getover C.setup D.lookover32.A.Suddenly B.Actively C.pletely D.Silently33.A.feeling B.mystery C.wonder D.truth34.A.story B.dream C.choice D.idea35.A.surprise B.test C.go D.hit【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.A27.B28.D29.C30.D31.B32.B33.C34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了AnnaLeighWaters的網(wǎng)球職業(yè)生涯經(jīng)歷和獲得的成就以及她如何磨煉自己的精神韌性。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：沃特斯，一個(gè)天生的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，從來(lái)沒(méi)有想過(guò)要把網(wǎng)球變成職業(yè)。A.expected期待，預(yù)期；B.waited等待；C.preferred更喜歡；D.agreed同意。根據(jù)下文“shegavethesportatry.”可知，剛開(kāi)始，沃特斯并沒(méi)有預(yù)料到自己會(huì)從事網(wǎng)球職業(yè)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)給她留下了深刻的印象。A.relaxed使放松；B.bored使無(wú)聊；C.impressed使印象深刻；D.annoyed使煩惱。根據(jù)文章開(kāi)頭“Waters’strongconfidencemadeherthetopofhergame—sheholdsnumberoneintennisinFlorida.”可知，沃特斯在網(wǎng)球賽中獲得了很好的成績(jī)，推斷第一次嘗試后，這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)給她留下了深刻印象。故選C項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：12歲時(shí)，她開(kāi)始在國(guó)家隊(duì)打網(wǎng)球，很快就名列前茅，在全國(guó)網(wǎng)球錦標(biāo)賽中獲得了6枚金牌。A.planned計(jì)劃；B.topped居……之首；C.ran跑；D.got得到。根據(jù)后文“havingwonsixgoldmedalsintheNationalTennisChampionship.”可知，沃特斯成績(jī)很好，很快名列前茅。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：沃特斯通常以兩個(gè)小時(shí)的訓(xùn)練開(kāi)始她的一天。A.especially尤其；B.formally正式地；C.immediately立即；D.usually通常。根據(jù)后文“beginsherdaywithtwohoursoftraining”可知，這里描述的是她的訓(xùn)練日常。故選D項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：完成學(xué)業(yè)后，她會(huì)回到體育館，和教練們一起再訓(xùn)練兩個(gè)小時(shí)。A.heads前往；B.brings帶來(lái)；C.stays停留；D.calls打。根據(jù)前文“Afterdoingherschoolwork”及后文“backtothegym”可知，在完成學(xué)業(yè)后，她會(huì)前往體育館訓(xùn)練。故選A項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：完成學(xué)業(yè)后，她會(huì)回到體育館，和教練們一起再訓(xùn)練兩個(gè)小時(shí)。A.trainers教練員；B.classmates同學(xué)；C.parents父母；D.neighbors鄰居。根據(jù)前文“she___5___backtothegymforanothertwohourswith”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，去體育館應(yīng)該和訓(xùn)練員一起訓(xùn)練。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)沃特斯在比賽中感到壓力上升，需要擺脫它時(shí)，她叫停比賽，并和自己談話。A.dropping下降；B.rising上升；C.changing改變；D.disappearing消失。根據(jù)后文“andneedstoclimboutofit”可知，當(dāng)壓力上升時(shí)，需要擺脫壓力。故選B項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)沃特斯在比賽中感到壓力上升，需要擺脫它時(shí)，她叫停比賽，并和自己談話。A.ride搭乘；B.meeting會(huì)議；C.leave休假；D.stop停止。根據(jù)前文“WhenWatersfeelsthestress___7___whileinthegameandneedstoclimboutofit”可知，當(dāng)比賽時(shí)壓力上升，沃特斯會(huì)叫停比賽。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)你處于巨大的壓力之下時(shí)，你必須保持自信，因?yàn)槟愕膶?duì)手正在試圖打敗你，如果你也在試圖打敗自己，那就是二對(duì)一。A.curious好奇的；B.nervous緊張的；C.confident自信的；D.proud驕傲的。根據(jù)后文“becauseyouropponent(對(duì)手)istryingtobeatyou”及下文“Believeinyourgameandwhatyou’vedone.”可知，當(dāng)對(duì)手想要將自己擊倒時(shí)，必須保持自信。故選C項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)你處于巨大的壓力之下時(shí)，你必須保持自信，因?yàn)槟愕膶?duì)手正在試圖打敗你，如果你也在試圖打敗自己，那就是二對(duì)一。A.for為……；B.beside除……之外；C.near靠近；D.against對(duì)抗，緊靠。根據(jù)前文“becauseyouropponent(對(duì)手)istryingtobeatyou,andifyou’retryingtobeatyourselftoo”可知，當(dāng)對(duì)手和自己都在試圖打敗自己時(shí)，那就是兩個(gè)對(duì)抗一個(gè)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：沃特斯認(rèn)為克服自我懷疑的能力非常重要。A.menton評(píng)論；B.getover克服；C.setup建立；D.lookover檢查。根據(jù)前文“Believeinyourgameandwhatyou’vedone.”及空后“selfdoubtveryimportant”可知，沃特斯能夠克服自我懷疑，因此，她認(rèn)為這種能力非常重要。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：積極的改變幫助沃特斯取得了成功。A.Suddenly突然；B.Actively主動(dòng)地，積極地；C.pletely完全地；D.Silently無(wú)聲地。根據(jù)上文“WhenWatersfeelsthestress___7___whileinthegameandneedstoclimboutofit,shecallsa___8___andtalkstoherself.”可知，當(dāng)沃特斯面臨壓力時(shí)，她會(huì)自己調(diào)整，因此，積極的轉(zhuǎn)變會(huì)幫助她取得成功。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：網(wǎng)球意外地在沃特斯身上創(chuàng)造了奇跡。A.feeling感情；B.mystery神秘的事物；C.wonder奇跡；D.truth真相。根據(jù)文章開(kāi)頭“Waters’strongconfidencemadeherthetopofhergame—sheholdsnumberoneintennisinFlorida.”可知，網(wǎng)球幫助沃特斯創(chuàng)造了奇跡。故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的故事吸引了全國(guó)更多的運(yùn)動(dòng)員。A.story故事；B.dream夢(mèng)想；C.choice選擇；D.idea想法。根據(jù)后文“hasbeenattractingmoreplayersnationwide”可知，沃特斯的故事吸引了更多的運(yùn)動(dòng)員。故選A項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以，如果你想要學(xué)習(xí)它，只要找到一個(gè)網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)，試一試！A.surprise驚訝；B.test測(cè)試；C.go（做某事的）嘗試；D.hit打擊。根據(jù)上文“shegavethesportatry.”及前文“justfindatenniscourtandgiveita”可知，就像沃特斯一樣，如果想要學(xué)習(xí)，只要試一試，haveago意思為：試一試。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀短文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。I’mafreshmanatseniorhighschool.___36___(go)fromjuniorhi