2025年上海長寧區(qū)高三二模高考英語試卷試題（含答案詳解）

試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁2024學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高三英語教學(xué)質(zhì)量調(diào)研試卷（考試時間105分鐘；滿分115分）I.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.DigholesacrossthecountryPublishedin1998,LouisSachar’sbook,Holes,haswonlotsofawards.Afilmversionofitwasreleasedin2003,1(produce)inaprofessionalmannerbyDisney.Then,in2018,theNottinghamPlayhouseTheatreCompanycreatedastageshowthatwasmotivatedbyboththebookandtheHollywoodfilm.Now,thatshow,2wasahugesuccesswhenitfirstcameout,iscomingbacktothestageandwillbegoingonatouracrossEngland.3HolestellsisthestoryofStanleyYelnats,aboybornintoapoorfamily.Yelnats4(accuse)ofacrimehedidn’tcommit.Senttoaprisoncampinthedesert,Yelnatsmustspendhisdays5(dig)holesamidpoisonoussnakesundertheinstructionofastrictprisonofficer.6Yelnatsistoldthatthisisto“buildcharacter”,hesoonunearthsamysteryburieddeepbeneaththeground.Sachar’sstoryofhardship7(inspire)bookreadersandfilmaudiencesforyears.ThestageshowisbeingbroughtbackandperformedaroundthecountrybytheChildren’sTheatrePartnership(CTP).TheCTPwasfoundedin2010,8thepurposeofproducingandtouringtheatreshowsthatareaimedatyoungpeople.Holesisthefirstofthreeshows9(take)ontouroverthenextthreeyears.Anewcastofactorsisbringingthebook’scharacterstolife,fromascript(劇本)thatwaswrittenbySacharhimself,so10canmatchtheauthenticityofthisadaptation.ThetourofHolesstartedinNorthamptonon24JanuaryandwillbetravelingacrossEnglandbeforefinishinginCanterburyon30May.Ifyouwanttofindoutmoreabouttheshowandwhereit’son,andtobooktickets,visitholesonstage.co.ukSectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.artificially

B.bound

C.causally

D.conservationists

E.considerableF.definitive

G.dominate

H.grounds

I.linked

J.stabilized

K.stuffEatawayfireTheAfricancontinenthasawidevarietyofhabitattypes,butsavanna(熱帶稀樹草原)ecosystemscoverroughlyhalf.Andwherethereissavanna,thereisfire.“It’sanimportantpartoftheecologyofthesystem,”saysUniversityofLiverpoolecologistJamesR.Probert.Burningallowsgrassesto11bykeepingtallerbushesfromspreadingonthelandscape.Lossofgrassescouldpushoutspeciessuchaswildebeest(牛羚).Adecadeago,researchersbelievedthatthedeclineinfiresinTanzania’sSerengetiNationalParkwasduetotherecoveryofwildebeestpopulationsafteracertaindisease.Whenmillionsofwildebeest12themselveswithgrass,theyremovefuelfromthelandscape,makingfireslessfrequentandlesssevere.However,Probertandhiscoworkersfoundthatevenafterwildebeestpopulations13inthemid-1990s,firescontinuedtodecreaseintheSerengeti-Maraecosystem.Theiranalysisofsatellitedatarevealeda(n)1440percentdeclineinwildfiresbetween2001and2014—coincidingwithdramaticincreasesinfarmanimalsinthearea.“Ifyouhavelotsofgrass-eatinganimals,thenyouhavelessfire.That’swellknown,”Probertsays.“ButIdon’tthinkanybodyhadrealizedtheextentofthedeclineinfireand15ittofarmanimalsbefore.”JohnFryxell,abiologistattheUniversityofGuelph,callsthispattern“reallyinteresting.”Hewarnsthat15yearsofdataisstillasmallsamplefor16conclusions.“Thissuggeststhere’ssomethinginterestingherethatcouldprovidethe17foradeeperexperimentalanalysis,”headds.Futureresearchcouldinclude18controllingfirefrequencyoranimalpopulationsincertainareas.Itcanbefollowedbymonitoringthelandscape’sresponseovertime.Probertnotesthatsomeareasfaceaproblemwherefarmanimalsuseupmoreresourcesthanthelandcansustain.Hesuggeststhat19workwithsheeporcattlefarmers.Theycandevelopanalternatingfeedingplan,spreadingtheanimals’impactovertimeandspace.StudieslikeProbert’srevealhowwildplacesliketheSerengeti-Maraare20connectedtohumanactivities.Theirfindingsstresstheurgencyforsustainablepracticestopreservewildlifeandecosystems.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Oneofthequickestwaystogetajoblatelyhasbeentoannounceonsocialmediathatyouwerelaidoff.Despitetheoverallstrengthofthejobmarket,layoffshavebeenincreasinginrecentmonths.Companiesintheentertainment,automotive,andfinancialindustries,suchasNetflix,Tesla,andJPMorganChase,haveallannouncedlayoffs,andmoreareinthetechnology,aerospace,andtravelsectors.However,manyrecentlylaid-offareturningtosocialmediaplatformstosharetheirexperiencesandseeknewemploymentopportunities.Whatwasonceconsideredanembarrassingno-nohasnowbecomea(n)movetoshowone’stoughnessandreadinessfornewchallenges.NathanFelt,,sharedhislayoffexperienceonlineafterlosinghispositionasadirectorofproductdesignatGuaranteedRate.Heexpressedamixofdisappointmentandhopeforthefuture,andprovidedapodcastdiscussinghowcanleadtogrowthopportunities.Hispost,whichdidnotaskforajob,receivednumerousresponses,includingseveraljoboffers.Heeventuallystartedanewroleasaproduct-designleaderatAmazon.Careercoachesadvisejobseekerstoavoidbitternessintheironlineposts.,theysuggestexpressinggratitudefortheirpreviousemploymentandconveyingeagernessfornewopportunities.LizMaupin,amarketingproducerinLosAngeles,postedaboutherdismissal.Shewrote,“Ifyouhearofanything,I’malovelyproducerandamaboutkeepingworking."Within24hours,shewasfloodedwithresponses,andoneofthemturnedintoajoboffer,whichshedescribedas”".Otherswhohavesuccessfullyfoundnewjobsthroughsocialmediaemphasizetheimportanceofprovidinginformation,suchasjobtitles,experiencelevels,andtheirvaluetoateam.SarahNelson,whoworksinhumanresources,herlayofffromaSanFranciscofirmonasocialmediaplatform.Sheinconversationswithseveralcompanies.Recentlyshestartedanewremotejobasarecruiter(招聘人員)withDandy,anonlinedentallabplatform,inScottsdale,Ariz.SilviaFuentes,whorevealedherlayofflastweek,specifiedthatshewasseekingamid-leveldigitalproductdesignerrole.Sheincludedthephrase“hmu”(“hitmeup”,meaning“contactme”)inherforjobopportunities.Shewasbyseveralprofessionalsonlineinnotime,andshehashadafewinitialconversationssofar.21．A．maintained B．a(chǎn)dvocated C．expected D．disciplined22．A．receivers B．candidates C．individuals D．employers23．A．risky B．false C．defensive D．strategic24．A．onthewhole B．inparticular C．a(chǎn)saresult D．forinstance25．A．shelters B．setbacks C．a(chǎn)chievements D．promotions26．A．directly B．gratefully C．randomly D．skillfully27．A．generating B．displaying C．overcoming D．a(chǎn)cknowledging28．A．Instead B．Nevertheless C．Hence D．Meanwhile29．A．flexible B．enthusiastic C．a(chǎn)mbitious D．pessimistic30．A．a(chǎn)ccidental B．irresistible C．controversial D．incredible31．A．classified B．statistical C．detailed D．timely32．A．publicized B．negotiated C．battled D．caused33．A．specialized B．believed C．engaged D．intervened34．A．request B．demand C．preference D．criterion35．A．wrappedup B．loggedout C．calledoff D．trackeddownSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)WhatwouldyouranswerbeifIweretoaskyouwhatyouwantedfromlife?Woulditbemoney,power,alovingfamily,closefriends,agreatjoborsomethingelse?AuthorGretchenRubinaskedherselfthatquestiononedaywhilesittingintrafficonabus.Aftergivingitsomethought,sherealizedthat,overall,shewantedtobehappy.Ifhappinesswastobehergoal,Rubinrealized,“Thedaysarelong,buttheyearsareshort.Timeispassing,andI’mnotfocusingenoughonthethingsthatreallymatter.”Thisconclusionbegana12-monthcommitmenttodiscoverwhatwouldaddmorehappinesstoherlife.ThepursuitresultedinRubin’sNewYorkTimesbest-sellingbookTheHappinessProject.Accordingtosomeofthereviews,thisismorethanatypicalself-helpbook.OneAmazonreviewreads,“Thisistherarebookthatwillmakeyoubothsmileandthink—oftenonthesamepage.”It’sfullofhumor,insightandactualexamplesfromRubin’syear-longexperiment.Inanefforttoreachhergoal,shetestednumeroustheoriesonhappiness.Goingthroughphilosophy,science,popularcultureandmore,thewriterchosespecifichabitstoexamineandtrytointegrateintoherlifestyle.Rubin’sbookisdividedinto12chapters,eachhighlightingadifferentmonthandspecificareaoffocus.Inchaptersonethrough11,eachnewfocusorcategoryincludesthreeorfourthingstoworkon.Forexample,thefirstchapterbeginswithJanuaryandtheimportanceofgettingmorephysicalandmentalenergy.Thecorrespondinggoalsconsistofgettingbettersleepandexercisingmore.Laterchaptersdiscusstopicssuchastheimportanceofmakingtimeforfriends,play,yourpassionsandmore.Chapter12concentratesonpullingeverythingtogetherandadoptingallthenewhabits.Attheendofher12-monthjourney,Rubinconcludedthatsmall,dailychangeshad,infact,resultedinadeepersenseofhappiness.Inthisnewyear,insteadofmakingnewresolutionsthatyou’llprobablyabandonbyFebruary,whynotgiveRubin’sHappinessProjectatry?Itislikelythatyouwillthenseeanincreaseinyourownhappinessin2025andthehappinessyoubringtoothersaroundyou.36．____madeGretchenRubinstarther12-monthcommitmenttostudyinghowtoachievehappiness.A．SittingintrafficonabusB．Readingaself-helpbookC．NoticingheroverlookingcrucialmattersD．Wantingtowriteabest-sellingbook37．WhichofthefollowingisafeatureofTheHappinessProject?A．Itisorganizedbymonthlychallenges.B．Itiswritteninaquiteseriousway.C．Itprovidesdetailedexperimentaldata.D．Itoffersfunandwisereal-lifeexamples.38．AccordingtoTheHappinessProject,____contributestogreaterphysicalandmentalenergy.A．enhancingrestandactivityB．a(chǎn)doptingastricthabittrackerC．schedulingweeklysocialhoursD．pursuingcreativeoutletsdaily39．Themainpurposeofthepassageisto____.A．describetheauthor’spersonaljourneyofself-discoveryB．inspirereaderstoseekhappinessasthebooksuggestsC．explaintheimportanceofsettinggoalsinlifeD．promotesalesofaparticularself-helpbook(B)LessplasticinyourfoodLimitingexposuretophthalates(酞酸鹽)isn’tassimpleasavoidingparticulartypesofpackaging,becausethesechemicalscanenteryourfoodlongbeforeitispackaged.MaricelMaffini,achemicalsafetyexpert,statesthatwhilemanufacturersandregulatorsshouldensurefoodsafety,consumerscanalsotakemeasurestoreducetheirexposuretoplastic-relatedchemicals.Herearesixsteps.Avoidplasticfoodstoragecontainers.Ifyoudousethem,don’theattheminthemicrowave,andavoidusingthemtostorehotfood,becauseheatcanincreaseleaching(滲出).Andkeepyourfoodbelowthetopofthecontainertoavoidcontactwiththelidorcover,whichareoftenplastic.Steerclearoffastfoods.Plasticizersinfastfoodareacauseforconcern.Ourtestsdetectedsomeofthehighestlevelsofphthalatesandtheiralternativesinfastfood.Onepossiblereasoncouldbethatfastfoodisfrequentlypreparedbyworkerswearingplasticgloves,whichareknowntoberichinthesesubstances.Limithigh-fatfoods.Fastfoodsareoftenhighinfat,andsomeresearchhasshownthatfoodswithhigherfatcontenttendtohavemoreplasticizers.Forinstance,a2020reviewreportedthatcertainchemicalsincreamwereoftenfivetotentimeshigherthantheywereinmilk.Eatfresh,minimallyprocessedfood.Ensureyourdietincludesplentyofunpackagedfruitsandvegetables,astheyhavefeweropportunitiestocomeintocontactwithphthalates.Astudybasedon2013to2014datafoundthatthosewhoatemorehighlyprocessedfoodshadhigherlevelsofcertainphthalatebyproductsintheirhumanwaste.Choosewoodandstainless(不銹)steelforkitchentools.Cuttinguponaplasticcuttingboardcangeneratemicroplastics,soconsiderusingawoodenboardinstead.Someplasticusesareprobablyriskierthanothers—puttinghotfoodintoaplasticbowlandusingplasticwrapforleftoversmayexposeyoumorethangivingyourlettuceaquickdryinaplasticdryingtool,forexample.Usewaterbottlesmadeofglassorsteel.Avoidplasticbottlesandcups,whichareoftenmadewithharmfulsubstances.Carryingaroundyourownstainlesssteelstrawshelpsyougetridofplasticonesandreducewaste.40．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Non-plasticcuttingsurfacesdecreasethereleaseoftinypieces.B．Fat-richfoodsnaturallycontainhigherplasticizerconcentrations.C．Fastfoodworkers’healthproblemisahiddencontributortofoodpollution.D．Dietsfullofprocessedfoodscorrelatewithincreasedtracesofbloodpressure.41．Youareplanningtopackalunchforschooltomorrow.Whatwillyouprobablydotomakeithealthier?A．Packasaladinaglasscontainerandcarryastainlesssteelwaterbottle.B．Keepsausagesinaplasticlunchboxforheatinginamicrowaveoven.C．Wrapready-madedishesinplasticfilmandtakeaglasswaterbottle.D．Putfriedchickenwingsandhotdogsinathrowawaypaperbag.42．Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A．Plastic-freefoodpreparationisidealforecologicalsafety.B．Choosingunpackagedfoodscaneraseplasticizerexposurerisks.C．Dailyhabitscansignificantlyaffectexposuretoharmfulchemicals.D．Governmentregulationsarethemainwaytoreduceplastic-relatedrisks.(C)AppleismakinganewfeaturecalledLockdownModetoprotectitsproductsfromtheworld’smostadvancedspyware.Thismodeisforasmallnumberofuserstargetedbythespyware.Whenturnedon,LockdownModewilllimitwhatapps,websitesandfeaturescando.Forexample,onaniPhone,itwillblockmostmessageattachmentsandincomingcallsfrompeopletheuserhasn’tpreviouslyhadacallwith.LastNovember,Appleaccusedaforeigncybersecurity(網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全)company,PPPGroup,ofinstallingspywaretotargetAppleproductsusedbyjournalists,businesspeople,academics,andgovernmentofficials.AppleclaimedthatPPP’stoolsallowedattacks,includingfromsomeorganizationswillingtopayhugesumstotargetatinyportionofuserswithvaluableinformation.Weeksearlier,ApplehadupdateditssoftwaretofixafaultthatPPPhadbeenexploitingtosilentlyinfectiPhonesusingiMessage.Thisfaultallowedarareanddangerous“zero-click”attack,whereuserscouldgetinfectedwithoutclickingonanything,accordingtotheCitizenLab,anacademicresearchgroup.PPPGrouphassaidthatitprovidestoolsforpoliceandsecuritydepartmentsaroundtheworldtofightcrimeandhasendedcontactswithorganizationsthathaveabuseditssoftware.ItarguedthatApple’slawsuitshouldbedismissedbecauseitactsasanagentofforeignadministrations.However,acentralappealscourtruledthatsuchimmunitydoesn’tapplytoforeigncompanies.Apple’slawsuitiscurrentlyonholdwhilethehighestcourtreviewsarelatedcaseinvolvingPPPandMetaPlatforms’WhatsApp.OnWednesday,PPPsaiditwelcomesanysolutionthatstrengthensprivacy.Butitalsosaidit’simportantforsecuritydepartmentstobeabletoaccessencodeddataforcriminalinvestigations.AppleplanstotesttheLockdownfeaturesoonandwillreleaseitwidelythisfallaspartofitsnewoperatingsystemsforiPhones,iPads,andMaccomputers.“LockdownModewillreducetheattacksurfaceandincreasethecostsforgreedyspywarecompanies,”saidCitizenLabDirectorRonDeibert.Applewillalsogiverewardsofupto$2milliontoresearcherswhofindweaknessesinLockdownMode.43．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutLockdownModeistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．ItturnsonautomaticallyforallAppledevices.B．Itsecuresmobiledeviceswithhigh-endhardware.C．Itreducesspywareprofitswithimprovedsafeguards.D．ItenjoysgreatpopularityamongAppleuserslately.44．Thephrase“suchimmunity”inparagraph4mostprobablyrefersto_______.A．theabilitytoendcontractswithmisusingorganizationsB．thepowertoprovidetoolsforpolicetofightcrimeC．therightofbeinginformedofrelevantcasesD．thefreedomfrombeingtakentocourt45．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.A．PPPGrouptakesnopartinthe“zero-click”attackB．Apple’slawsuitagainstPPPGrouphasbeenrejectedC．PPPGroup’stoolsareusedsafelybyauthorizedagenciesD．Appleattachesgreatimportancetothesecurityofitsusers46．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．ApplechallengesPPPGroupoverspywareimpactB．AppleplanstooltoboostsecurityagainstspywareC．Appleperformspastcounter-measuresagainstspywareD．AppleinitiateslegalbattlewithPPPGroupoverspywareSectionCDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.MacmillantorestartproceedingordersMacmillan,oneofthelargestbookpublishersintheU.S.,saiditisagainabletoprocessbookordersasitmakesprogressrecoveringfromacomputerattackitdisclosedlastweek.Thecompany,whosedivisionsincludeSt.Martin’sPressandFarrar,Straus&Giroux,saiditisworkingitswaythroughapileoforders.47Thisisareliefforboththepublishersandtheretailers(零售商)whorelyontimelydeliveries.Macmillan,whichisownedbyGermany’sVerlagGruppeGeorgvonHoltzbrinckGmbH,lastweekdisclosedasecurityproblemandsaidithadtakenitssystemsofflineasaresult.48Severalretailerssaidconsumerslikelywouldn’tnoticeintheshortrunbecausetherewasadequatestockavailable,though.AspokeswomanforMacmillansaidnofurtherinformationwouldbesharedatthistime.49DaneNeller,chiefmanagerofNewYork-basedbooksellerShakespeare&Co.said:“50Wehadbeengoingthroughwholesalers(批發(fā)商)togetnewbooksorwaitingforthoseintransit.Thisisaboutbusinessgoingbacktonormal.”Thereturntodirectorderingisexpectedtomakethesupplychainmoreefficientandreducedelaysforcustomers.A．Whatthismeansisthatwecannowplacedirectorderswiththem.B．Inturn,retailcustomerswereunabletoplaceordersfornewbooks.C．Thecompanyisupgradingthesesecuritymeasurestopreventfuturedisorders.D．Itdoesn’tanticipateitwillhavetochangethepublicationdateofanyofitscomingbooks.E．Macmillandeniedthatitwouldfocusonexpandingitsdigitalpresencetoreachawideraudience.F．However,therestartoforderprocessingisseenasapositivesteptonormalizebusinessoperations.III.SummaryWriting51．Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizeinnomorethan60wordsthemainideaofthepassageandhowitisillustrated.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Watchoutforbluelight!Howmanydigitaldevicesdoyouusethroughouttheday?Ifyou’relikemostpeople,youprobablyspendhoursonyourcomputer,cellphoneortablet.Thesedevicesareconvenientandentertaining,buttheyallgiveoffbluelight.Thequestionis:Shouldyoubeconcerned?AccordingtoWebMD,thereisnocurrentproofthatregularexposuretobluelightleadstolong-termdamagetoyoureyes.Yetseveralotherstudiesseemtodemonstrateaconnectionbetweenbluelightandeyedamage.Duetothesedifferentopinions,itisessentialthatpeoplestudymoretodetermineifbluelightisbadforone’shealth.Sunlightcontainsdifferentcolorsoflight,eachwithdifferentwavelengthsandenergylevels.Bluewavelengthsaregoodforpeopleduringdaylighthoursbecausetheycanboostone’sattention,reactiontimesandmood.Buttheconcernisthatblue’swavelengthisveryclosetothatofultraviolet(UV)(紫外線的)light.Researchhaslongshownthatultraviolet(UV)rayscancauseeyedamage.Somestudiessuggestatroublesomeconnectionbetweeneyetissuedamageandblue-lightwavelengthsrangingbetween415and455nanometers(納米).Mostdigitaldeviceshavewavelengthsthatmeasurebetween400and490nanometerssothatmanythinkthatthisfact,alone,establishesacauseforconcern.Bluelightisalsobelievedtoaffectyoursleepcycle.Ithelpstomanageyourwake-and-sleeppatternsbyprovidingenergykeepingyouawakeduringtheday.Nevertheless,thesameenergybecomesanissueatnightasitmisleadsyourbodyintobelievingit’sstilldaytime,leavingyouincapableofattainingarestfulnight’ssleep.Tolessenthepotentialrisks,severalpracticalstrategiescanbeemployed.Simpleactionslikereducingthescreenbrightnessandusingblue-light-blockingapplicationscaneffectivelydecreaseyourexposuretobluelight.However,themosteffectiveapproachistoavoidusingdigitaldevicesforafewhoursbeforegoingtobed.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IV.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.52．在研發(fā)團隊的共同努力下，一種平價新藥即將問世。(horizon)(漢譯英)53．這個古道熱腸的退休售票員曾是一位備受尊敬的地方文化推廣者。(ready)(漢譯英)54．對于職場新人而言，去公司各個部門進行實踐，獲得全方位的感知，這一點至關(guān)重要。(It)(漢譯英)55．這家老字號餐廳以其獨特的烹飪方法和傳統(tǒng)的地方風(fēng)味吸引了眾多食客，成了這座城市的美食地標(biāo)。(attract)(漢譯英)V.GuidedWriting56．Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假設(shè)你是明啟中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華，你受邀為?？珜懸黄}為《人工智能與學(xué)習(xí)：機遇與挑戰(zhàn)》的文章。你的文章內(nèi)容須包括：(1)分析AI在學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)中的一項可能的益處和一項潛在的弊端；(2)基于以上分析，提出一條切實可行的建議，并說明理由。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁1．produced2．which3．What4．isaccused5．digging6．Although##Though##While7．hasinspired##hasbeeninspiring8．with9．tobetaken10．few【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了路易斯·薩查爾（LouisSachar）于1998年出版的獲獎小說《洞》（Holes）及其改編作品。1．考查非謂語動詞。句意：它的電影版本于2003年發(fā)行，由迪士尼以專業(yè)的方式制作。句子已有謂語動詞“wasreleased”，因此空處需填非謂語動詞，動詞produce與邏輯主語Afilmversionofit之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞形式表被動。故填produced。2．考查定語從句。句意：現(xiàn)在，那部首次上演就取得巨大成功的劇目將重返舞臺，并將在英國各地進行巡演?？仗帒?yīng)填關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞“thatshow”，指物，且在從句中作主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞“which”引導(dǎo)。故填which。3．考查賓語從句。句意：《洞》講述的是斯坦利·耶爾納茨的故事，他是一個出生在貧困家庭的孩子。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處引導(dǎo)主語從句，所以空處應(yīng)填連接詞，從句中tells后缺少賓語，指物，表示“……的事情”，所以用連接代詞“what”引導(dǎo)，句子開頭字母大寫。故填What。4．考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：耶爾納茨被指控犯了一項他沒有犯的罪?？仗帪榫渥又^語動詞；再根據(jù)句意及空前的“…HolestellsisthestoryofStanleyYelnats”可知，此處描述的是一般事實，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，動詞accuse與主語Yelnats之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，be動詞用is。故填isaccused。5．考查非謂語動詞。句意：因為被送到了沙漠中的勞改營，耶爾納茨必須在一位嚴厲的獄警的指揮下，每天在有毒蛇出沒的地方挖洞。mustspend是句子謂語動詞，所以空處填非謂語動詞；spend+時間+(in)doingsth.為固定用法，表示“花費時間做某事”，所以空處需填動名詞形式。故填digging。6．考查狀語從句。句意：盡管耶爾納茨被告知這是為了“塑造性格”，但他很快就揭開了一個深埋在地下的秘密?？仗幪顝膶龠B詞引導(dǎo)狀語從句；根據(jù)句意可知，although/though/while都可表示“盡管，雖然”。句首字母大寫，故填A(yù)lthough/Though/While。7．考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：多年來，薩查爾關(guān)于苦難的故事一直激勵著書籍讀者和電影觀眾?？仗帪榫渥又^語動詞；根據(jù)時間狀語“foryears”可知，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時（have/hasdone）或現(xiàn)在完成進行時（have/hasbeendoing），表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或表示從過去某一時間開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并還可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去的動作；又因為主語Sachar’sstoryofhardship為第三人稱單數(shù)，助動詞用“has”。故填hasinspired/beeninspiring。8．考查介詞固定搭配。句意：CTP成立于2010年，目的是制作和巡演針對年輕人的戲劇節(jié)目。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“目的是”，可用固定短語withthepurposeof。故填with。9．考查非謂語動詞。句意：《洞》是未來三年將進行巡演的三部劇目中的第一部。句子已有謂語動詞“is”，因此空處需填非謂語動詞作后置定語，修飾名詞shows；動詞take與shows之間是被動關(guān)系，且根據(jù)時間狀語“overthenextthreeyears”可知，動作發(fā)生在將來，所以用不定式的被動形式“tobetaken”作后置定語。故填tobetaken。10．考查代詞。句意：一批新的演員正在將書中的角色栩栩如生地呈現(xiàn)出來，他們依據(jù)的是薩查爾自己編寫的劇本，因此很少有（改編作品）能匹配這種改編的真實性?？蘸蟮腸anmatch是句子的謂語動詞，空處可填代詞作主語；又根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“沒有什么（改編作品）能匹配這種改編的真實性”，空處需填表示否定意義的代詞；“few”表示“很少”，表示否定意義，可用于可數(shù)名詞前，也可單獨使用，在此處可指代“改編作品”，與題意相符。故填few。11．G12．K13．J14．E15．I16．F17．H18．A19．D20．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了非洲熱帶稀樹草原生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中火災(zāi)減少的現(xiàn)象及原因，以及相關(guān)研究和對未來的建議。11．考查動詞。句意：燃燒通過阻止更高的灌木叢在這片土地上蔓延，讓草得以占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位?！癮llowsb./sth.todosth.”是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，此處需要一個動詞原形，根據(jù)“bykeepingtallerbushesfromspreadingonthelandscape”可知，燃燒能讓草在與灌木叢的競爭中占據(jù)優(yōu)勢，“dominate”有“占主導(dǎo)地位；支配”的意思，符合語境。故填G。12．考查動詞。句意：當(dāng)成千上萬的牛羚吃飽了草，它們就清除了這片土地上的燃料，使得火災(zāi)發(fā)生得沒那么頻繁，也沒那么嚴重了?！皊tuffoneselfwithsth.”是固定短語，意為“用……塞滿自己；吃飽……”，這里描述牛羚吃草的行為，符合語境。本句在陳述過去的動作，用一般過去時。故填K。13．考查動詞。句意：然而，普羅伯特和他的同事們發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使在20世紀90年代中期牛羚數(shù)量穩(wěn)定下來之后，塞倫蓋蒂-馬拉生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的火災(zāi)仍在減少?？仗帪閺木渲^語動詞，因此需要一個動詞；根據(jù)“inthemid-1990s”可知，這里描述過去的一個時間點牛羚數(shù)量的狀態(tài)，“stabilize”意為“使穩(wěn)定；穩(wěn)定下來”，用一般過去時，與主語“wildebeestpopulations”構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，符合語境。故填J。14．考考查形容詞。句意：他們對衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)的分析顯示，2001年至2014年間，野火大幅減少了40%——這與該地區(qū)家畜數(shù)量的急劇增加相吻合。此處需要一個形容詞來修飾“decline”，“considerable”表示“相當(dāng)大的；重要的”，強調(diào)野火減少的程度，符合語境。故填E。15．考查動詞。句意：但我認為以前沒有人意識到火災(zāi)減少的程度，并將其與家畜聯(lián)系起來。“l(fā)ink...t