考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷44

考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷44

一、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）（本題共25題，每題7.0

分，共25分。）

HighDiveCherylSternsaimstogoboldlywherenohumanhasevergonebeforeina

balloon:40kilometersupintotheatmosphere.41Noonehaseverleaptfromsucha

heightorgonesupersonicwithoutanairplaneoraspacecraft.YetSterns,anairlinepilot,

isnottheonlypersonwhowantstobethefirsttoaccomplishthosefeats.Twoother

bravepeople,anAustralianmanandaFrenchman,arealsoplanningtomakesimilar

leaps.42First,she'llclimbintoacabinhangingfromaballoonthesizeofafootball

field.Thenballoonwilltakeherhighintothestratosphere-thelayerofEarth's

atmosphere12to50kilometersabovetheplanet."Theascentwilltaketwoandahalfto

threehours,"saidSterns."I'llbewearingafullypressurized,temperature-controlled

spacesuit.'*At40kilometers,SternswillbeabletoseethegentlecurveofEarthandthe

blacknessofspaceoverhead.Thenshe'llunclipherselffromthecabinanddiveheadfirst,

likeabullet,intotheatmosphere.43Forhighdive,astronautescapesuitsareakeyto

success.Currentpilotandastronautescapesuiteareguaranteedonlyamaximumaltitude

of21kilometers.DelRosso,aNASAengineerofspacesuitsandlife-supportsystems,

saidthesuitdesignedforStem'sjumpcouldserveasamodelforthelethalenvironn'ent

ofhigherclimbs.44Thefirsthazardisoxygcn-dcficicntair.Anypersonwithoutan

additionaloxygensupplyat40kilometerswoulddiewithinthreetofiveseconds.The

secondhazardislowatmosphericpressure.Atmosphericpressureismuchlowerathigh

altitudesthanitisatsealevel.Thelowatmosphericpressureoftheupperstratosphere

causesthegasesinbodyfluidstofizzoutofsolutionlikesodabubbles.45Otherhazards

includetemperaturesaslowas55degreesCelsius,flyingdebris,andsolarradiation.For

Sternstosurvive,herspacesuitwillhavetoprotectherfromallofthesehazards.*'A

spacesuitislikeaone-personspaceship,"DelRossoexplained."Youhavetotake

everythingyouneedinapackagethat'slightenough,mobileenough,andtoughenough

todothejob.Youcan'texistwithoutit."A.Itwillhandleseveralmajorhazards.B.

Escapesuitsaretoughenoughtostandtheatmosphericpressureoftheupper

stratosphere.C.Fromthere,she'lltakeadeath-defyingleapbacktoEarthatsupersonic

speed.D."In30seconds,I'llbegoingMach（馬赫）speed,"saidSterns.E.Howwill

Sternsmakehergiantjump?F.Inshort,bloodboils.

1、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案；C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：選項(xiàng)C是承上啟下的句子。上一句說的是，氣球?qū)tems帶到同溫

層。下一句說的足，沒有人嘗試過不坐飛機(jī)或不坐宇宙飛船從同溫層往下跳。有了

C這個(gè)句子，意思就連貫了。

2、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：“空42”應(yīng)該是個(gè)引導(dǎo)句，應(yīng)該包含采取行動(dòng)這類概括詞，因?yàn)殡S后

的句子是，第一步做什么，第二步做什么，等等。選項(xiàng)E是符合這個(gè)要求的。

3、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：選項(xiàng)D表達(dá)的是跳出氣球后下滑的速度，與前一句的意思是連貫

的。

4、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：“空44”后面的句子列舉了許多hazards。據(jù)此推論，“空44”的句子應(yīng)

該是引導(dǎo)句或概括句。選項(xiàng)A中有severalmajorhazards這幾個(gè)概括詞，與后面列

舉的各種hazards相呼應(yīng)。

5、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：選項(xiàng)F中，用了inshorK簡(jiǎn)而言之），是總結(jié)前面陳述的內(nèi)容；blood

boils說明“空45”前面句子的內(nèi)容與blood有關(guān)。事實(shí)上，“空45”前面的句子說的

是，在低大氣壓的情況卜溶在人體液體中的氣體會(huì)逸出，就像蘇打水冒泡泡一

樣。選項(xiàng)F形象地總結(jié)了上述句子的內(nèi)容。

VirtualDriverDrivinginvolvessharpeyesandkeenears,analyzingwithabrain,and

coordinationbetweenhands,feetandbrain.Amanhassharpeyesandkeenears,

analyzesthroughhisbrain,andmaintainscoordinationbetweenhishandsandbrains.He

cancontrolafast-movingcarwithdifferentpartsofhisbody.41Apparentlythereisn't

anyoneinthedriver'scab,butthereisinfactavirtualdriver.Thisvirtualdriverhaseyes,

brains,handsandfeettoo.Themincemeatsoneachsideofthecararcitseyesandarc

responsibleforobservingtheroadconditionsaheadofitaswellasthetraffictoitsleft

andright.Ifyouopentheboot,youcanseethemostimportantpartoftheautomatic

drivingsystem:abuilt-incomputer.42Thebrainisresponsibleforcalculatingthespeeds

objectssurroundingthecararemovingat,analyzingtheirpositionontheroad,choosing

therightpath,andgivingorderstothewheelandthecontrolsystem.Incomparisonwith

thehumanbrain,thevirtualdriver'sbestadvantageisthatitreactsquickly.43However,

ittakestheworld'sbestracecardriveratleastonesecondtoreact,andthisdoesn'tinclude

thetimeheneedstotakeaction.Withitsrapidreactionandaccuratecontrol,thevirtual

drivercanreducetheaccidentrateonexpresswaysconsiderably.Inthiscase,isit

possibleforustoletithavethewheelatanytimeandinanyplace?44Withitslimited

abilitytorecognizethings,thecarcannowonlytravelonexpressways.Theintelligent

cardeterminesitsdirectionbytheclearlinesthatmarkthelanesclearlyandrecognizes

vehiclesaccordingtotheirregularshapes.45Thisbeingthecase,peoplestillhavehigh

hopesaboutdriverlesscars,andthinkhighlyintelligentcarsarewhatthecarsofthe

futureshouldbelike.A.Expertssaythatwccannotdothatjustyet.B.Inthenearfuture,

intelligentcarswillbeputintocommercialoperation.C.Thisisthebrainofthecar.D.

Buthowdoesanintelligentcarcontrolitself?E.Itcompletestheprocessingofthe

imagessentbythecameraswithin100milliseconds.F.However,itcannotrecognize

movingpeopleandbicyclesonordinaryroadsthathavenoclearmarkingsonthem.

6^

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：“空41”前面三個(gè)句子講的是真人駕駛員駕駛汽車時(shí)腦、眼、耳、

手、腳并用，而且要協(xié)調(diào)配合?！翱?1”之后話題轉(zhuǎn)入虛擬駕駛員?！翱?1”之后的

Apparentlythereisn'tanyoneinthedriver'scab.似乎來得有些突然，

與前面句子接得很生硬。所以，中間應(yīng)該有個(gè)過渡句。選項(xiàng)D就是連接上下文的

過渡句。

7、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)露析：“空42”前面一句說，如果你打開車身后部的行李箱，你就能看到自

動(dòng)駕駛系統(tǒng)的最重要的部件，嵌入式電腦。“空42”后的句子中的thebrainofthecar

自然是指前句的builtincomputer,但接得太突然。選項(xiàng)C的“Thisisthebrainofthe

car”就把前后句子聯(lián)系起來了。山is指代上一句的built—incomputero后面句子的

Thebrainofthecar是重復(fù)選項(xiàng)C中的thebrainoftheCar,顯得很自然。所以，C

是答案C

8、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：“空43”前面一句說，虛擬駕駛員最大的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是反應(yīng)快?！翱?3”后面

一句說，最好的賽車手至少要1秒鐘才能作出反應(yīng)。“至少要1秒鐘”已經(jīng)暗示，虛

擬駕駛員反應(yīng)速度要比真人駕駛員快。選項(xiàng)E說，虛擬駕駛員只需100毫秒就能

作出反應(yīng)。選項(xiàng)E使上下文的意思完整，因此是答案。

9、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：“空44”前面是一個(gè)問句，即“在這種情況下，是不是可以不分時(shí)間、

不分地點(diǎn)都讓虛擬駕駛員駕駛汽車?'“空44”的句子應(yīng)該回答這個(gè)問題：“讓還是不

讓?”選項(xiàng)A回答了這個(gè)訶題，因此是答案。

10、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：“空45”前面一句說,“TheintelligentCardeterminesitsdirectionbythe

clearlinesthatmarkthelanesclearlyandrecognizesvehiclesaccordingtotheirregular

shapes.”（智能汽車按清晰標(biāo)出的軍.道線決定自己的行車方向，靠車輛的常規(guī)形狀

識(shí)別其他車輛。）選項(xiàng)F的內(nèi)容正好相反。上一句說“recognizes”，還有“markthe

lanesclearly”,而F說"cannotrecognize"，又說“noclearmarkings”。從意思表達(dá)和

詞匯重復(fù)上，都能判斷出，F(xiàn)的句子應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在“空45”的位置上。

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：同上面第三題的解釋一樣，選項(xiàng)E的句子中出現(xiàn)特指的thecellos,

與上一句的cello相呼應(yīng)，該句說明科學(xué)家為什么要選擇大提琴作為音樂訓(xùn)練的樂

器，上下文意思連貫，所以E是答案。

15、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：最后一段介紹音樂訓(xùn)練的方法和結(jié)果，以及對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的關(guān)聯(lián)和影響。選

項(xiàng)D表達(dá)的意思是音樂訓(xùn)練的結(jié)果和對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)上有障礙的兒童所產(chǎn)生的正面影響，

意思與其前后兩句的意思完全配合，是答案。

SleepingGiantRightnow,aneruptionisbrewinginYellowstoneNationalPark.

Sometimeduringthenexttwohours,themostfamousgeyser.OldFaithful,willbegin

gurglingboilingwaterandsteam.41OldFaithfulisnotonlyaspectacularsight）it'salso

aconstantremainderthatYellowstonesitsononeofthelargestvolcanoesintheworld.If

you'veneverheardofYellowstone'svolcano,you'renotalone.42Yetithaseruptedthree

timesduringthelast2millionyears.Andoneofthoseeruptionsspewedenoughvolcanic

ashandotherdebristoblankethalftheUnitedStates.Yellowstone'svolcanois

sometimescalleda"supcrvolcano",orextremelylargeandexplosivecalderavolcano.43

thissupervolcanoformedoverahotspot,anextremelyhotareainEarth'smantle.John

Valley,avolcanoprofessors,saidthatasthecrustmovesacrossahotspot,thehotspot

meltsasectionoftheplatemovingoverit,forming"onevolcanoafteranother".The

Yellowstonehotspotmeltsthickcontinentalcrust,whichmaycausecatastrophic

eruptions.Accordingtoexpertstheeruptionsthatcreatedeachofthethreecalderasin

andaroundYellowstoneNationalParkwerelargerthananyothervolcaniceruptionin

recordedhistory.Themostrecenteruption,whichhappened640,000yearsago,

producedatleast1,000cubickilometersofashanddebris,whichblanketedmostofthe

westernhalfoftheUnitedStates.44GeologicalevidenceshowsYellowstonehasblown

itsstackevery700,000yearsorso."Ifnatureweretrulythatregularandreliable,we

wouldbedueforanothereruptionsoon,"saidValley.'However,theseprocessesare

subjecttovariability,sowedon'treallyknowwhenthenexteruptionwillhappen."45It

isthevolcanicenergythatpowersthegeysersandhotsprings,createsthemountainsand

canyons,andgeneratestheuniqueecosystemsthatsupportYellowstone'sdiverse

wildlife.A.ThreecalderasmakeupmorethanathirdofYellowstoneNationalPark.B.

ThefirstYellowstoneeruption,2millionyearsago,releasedmorethandoublethat

amountofashanddebris.C.Thevolcanoissoinconspicuous（不顯眼的）thatfew

peopleknowitexists.D.Then,anenormousfountainwillshoothighintotheair.E.

WhiletheactivegeologistprocessesatYellowstonedoposesomerisktothepublic,they

alsomakeitauniquetreasure.F.YellowstoneNationalParkattractstheinterestof

geologiststheworldover.

16、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第一段第二句說，在隨后的兩個(gè)小時(shí)的某一時(shí)刻，間歇泉會(huì)涌出沸水

和蒸汽。后續(xù)句應(yīng)該是選項(xiàng)Doboilingwater變成fountain,shoothighintotheair。

17、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第二段第二句說，如果你不知道黃石公園的下面是火山，沒有關(guān)系，

很多人都不知道。為什么會(huì)如此呢?C道出了原因。所以，C是答案。

18、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第三段第一句說黃石公園的火山extremelylarge,所以有時(shí)候被稱為

supervolcanoo選項(xiàng)A的句子具體說明這個(gè)supervolcano大到什么程度，所以是答

案。

19、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：在選項(xiàng)B的more由andoublethatamountofashanddebris這個(gè)短語

中，有關(guān)鍵詞doublethatamount,說明前面句子一定有一個(gè)數(shù)字。檢查后，發(fā)現(xiàn)這

個(gè)數(shù)字是“1,000cubickilometersofashanddebris”,可以斷定,選項(xiàng)B的句子就是

要放回原位的句子。

20、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：“空45”所在段的前面兩段介紹了黃石公園火山以前噴發(fā)時(shí)的可怕情

景。“空45”所在段敘述火山能量帶來的好處。這是兩種情景截然相反的描寫，中

間很可能有一個(gè)過渡句，把它們連接起來。選項(xiàng)E就是過渡句，應(yīng)該是本題的答

案。

RoboticHighwayConesAUniversityofNebraskaprofessorhasdevelopedroboticcones

andbarrels.41Theycanevenbeprogrammedtomoveontheirownatany

particularpartoftheday,saidshaneFarritor,anassistantprofessorofmechanical

engineeringatNebraska.Forexample,ifworkersarrivedat6a.m,theconescouldmove

fromthesideofthehighwaytoblockoffthelaneatthattime.42"Itjustseemslikea

verygoodapplicationforrobots,*'Farritorsaid."Theroboticconeswouldalsohelp

removeremovepeoplefromhazardousjobsonthehighwayputtingbarrelsandcones

intoplace,"Farritorsaidinareportonhiscreation.43Thisfundallowed

FarritortoworkontheprojectwithgraduatestudentsatNebraskaandhisassistantSteve

Goddard.Therobotsareplacedatthebottomoftheconsandbarrelsandaresmall

enoughnottogreatlychangetheappearanceoftheconstructionaides."Itwouldlook

exactlytesame,*'Farritorsaid."Normallythere'sakindofrubbery,blackbasetothem.

44"FarritorhastalkedwithofficialsfromtheNebraskaDepartmentofRoadsabouthow

therobotswouldbemostusefultowhattheymightneed.Therobotscouldcomein

handyfollowingaslow-movingmaintenanceoperation,likepaintingastripeonaroador

movingasphalt,wherenowthebarrelshavetbepickedupandmovedastheoperation

proceeds."Thatwayyoudon'thavetoblockoffa10-niilestripfortheoperation.n

Farritorsaid.Whileprototypeshavebeenmade,theyarenotinuseanywhere.Farritor

saidhehasappliedforapatentandisconsideringwhattodonest.45Heisals