考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷625

考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷625

一、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）（本題共20題，每題7.0

分，共20分。）

AskjustaboutanyhighschoolseniororjuniorinAmerica-ortheirparents一andthey'll

tellyouthatgettingintoaselectivecollegeisharderthanitusedtobe.They'reright

aboutthat.Butthereasonsfbrthenewfounddifficultyarenotwellunderstood.

Populationgrowthplaysarole,butthenumberofteenagersisnottoomuchhigherthanit

was30yearsago,whentheyoungestbabyboomerswerestillapplyingtocollege.And

whilemanymoreAmericansattendcollegethaninthepast,mostofthegrowthhas

occurredatcollegeswithrelativelyfewresourcesandhighdropoutrates,whichbear

littleresemblancetotheelites.Sowhatelseisgoingon?Oneoverlookedfactoristhat

topcollegesarcadmittingfewerAmericanstudentsthantheydidagenerationago.

Collegeshaveglobalizedoverthattime,deliberatelyincreasingtheshareoftheirstudent

bodiesthatcomefromoverseasandleavingfewerslotsforapplicantsfromtheUnited

States.ForAmericanteenagers,itreallyishardertogetintoHarvard—orYale,

Stanford,Brown,BostonCollegeormanyotherelitecolleges-thanitwaswhentodays

40-year-oldsor50-year-oldswereapplying.ThenumberofspotsfilledbyAmerican

studentsatHarvard,afteradjustingforthesizeoftheteenagepopulationnationwide,has

dropped27percentsince1994.AtYaleandDartmouth,thedeclinehasbeen24percent.

AtCarleton,ifs22percent.AtNotreDameandPrinceton,itis14percent.This

globalizationobviouslybringssomebigbenefits.IthasexposedAmericanstudentsto

perspectivesthatourproudlyparochialcountryoftendoesnotprovideinchildhood.Yet

thewayinwhichAmericancollegeshaveglobalizedcomeswithcosts,too.Forone

thing,theriseinforeignstudentshascomplicatedthecolleges*statedeffortstomake

theirclassesmoreeconomicallydiverse.Foreignstudentsoftenreceiveinsufficient

financialaidandtendtobefromwell-offfamilies.Foranotherthing,thecountry'smost

selectivecollegeshaveeffectivelyshrunkasfarasAmericanstudentsarcconcerned,

duringthesamespanthatmanystudentsandtheirparentsarespendingmoretime

obsessingovergettingintoone.Eitherway,theresearchemphasizesaproblemwiththe

waycollegeshaveglobalized.Withonlyahandfulofexceptions（includingHarvard,

Amherst,M.I.T.andYale）,collegeshavenottriedhardtorecruitaneconomically

diversegroupofforeignstudents.Thestudentsinsteadhavebecomearevenuesource.

1、ItissuggestedinParagraph2thatinAmerica.

A、thefirstbabyboomersmakeitgreatlyhardtogetintoacollege

itiseasyforstudentstoattendselectivecollegestoday

C、morestudentshaveaccesstocommoncollegesthanbefore

D、collegestodaysufferfromhigherdropoutrates

標準答案：C

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第二段。由本段末句中的“然而入學(xué)

率的增長大多出現(xiàn)在那些資源相對較少、輟學(xué)率相對較高的院校，這些院校和頂尖

學(xué)府幾無相似之處‘3」知，C項“和以前相比，更多的學(xué)生有機會進入普通大學(xué)”符

合題意，為正確答案。

2、ThewordHslots"(Para.3)isclosestinmeaningto.

A、quotas

B、benefits

C、advantages

D、deficiencies

標準答案：A

知識點解析：含義題。艱據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段第三句。由句中的increasing

theshareof以及后面的andleavingfewer可知，前后是并列關(guān)系，但表示相反的內(nèi)

容，故A項“配額”是share的同義改寫，符合題意，為正確答案。

3、ThepercentagesinParagraph4areusedtoindicatethat.

A、collegeshavedifferentacceptancerates

B、Harvard'sacceptanceratehasdeclinedthemost

C、famouscollegesareofferingmorechancesforoverseasstudents

D、anincreasingnumberofoverseasstudentsliketostudyinAmerica

標準答案：c

知識點解斤：推斷題。艱據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第四段。首句指出“對美國青少年而

言，申請進入……及其他許多名校，真的要比今天40多歲或50多歲的那代人申請

進入這些大學(xué)時更困難”，接下來列舉了各個名校在美國大幅下降的錄取比例。結(jié)

合第三段末句中的“它們刻意增加了海外生源的比例，給本國申請生留下的份額變

少了”可知，在本國錄取比例的下降意味著提高了海外學(xué)生的錄取比例，故C項符

合題意，為正確答案。

4、Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?

A、Harvard,Amherst,M.I.T.andYaleattempttoincreasetheirincome.

B、CollegesinAmericaneedfinancialaidfromthefederalgovernment.

C、Americancollegestrytomakecurriculumsdiversified.

D、ManyAmericancollegesregardoverseasstudentsasamoney-earningtool.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到最后一，段。由onlyahandfulof

exceptions（除了少數(shù)例外）及最后一句可知，D項符合題意，為正確答案，選項中的

money-earning是對原文中revenue的同義改寫。

5、Theauthor'sattitudetowardAmericancolleges'increasingoverseasshareis.

A、skeptical

B、appreciative

C、pessimistic

D、objective

標準答案：D

知識點解析：態(tài)度題。本文主要圍繞美國高校尤其是名校降低在本國錄取比例，而

提高海外學(xué)生錄取比例這一主題進行闡述。文章既介紹了這么做的好處，如：讓美

國學(xué)生接觸到了國際視野，同時也強調(diào)了提高留學(xué)生的錄取比例帶來的問題，如：

留學(xué)生得到的經(jīng)濟援助其少。因此，作者是以客觀的態(tài)度在做評價，故D項符合

題意，為正確答案。

Imaginebrowsingawebsitewhenanattractiveadforlingeriecatchesyoureye.You

don'tclickonit,merelysmileandgotoanotherpage.Yetitfollowsyou,puttingupmore

racypictures,perhapseventheofferofadiscount.Finally,annoyedbyitspersistence,

youfrown."Sorryfortakingupyourtime,"says[head,andpromptlystopsfurther

disturbance.Creepy.Butmakingonlineadsthatnotonlyknowyouarelookingatthem

butalsorespondtoyouremotionswillsoonbepossible,thankstothepowerofimage-

processingsoftwareandthecommonexistenceoftinycamerasincomputersandmobile

devices.Usesforthistechnologywouldnot,ofcourse,beconfinedtoadvertising.Bat

advertisersareamongthefirsttoembracetheideainearnest.Advertisingfirmsalready

filmhowpeoplereacttoads,usuallyinanartificialsetting.Theparticipants'facesare

studiedforpositiveornegativefeelings.Alotofresearchhasbeendoneintowaysof

categorizingtheemotionsbehindfacialexpressions.Someconsumer-researchcompanies

alsoemploycamerastotrackeyemovementssotheycanbesurewhattheirsubjectsare

lookingat.Thiscanhelpdeterminewhichadsattractthemostattentionandwherethey

mightbeplacedforthebesteffectonawebpage.Oneofthecompaniesdoingsuch

work,Realeyes,whichisbasedinLondon,hasbeendevelopingasystemthatcombines

eye-spyingwebcamswithemotionalanalysis.MihkelJaatma,whofoundedthecompany

in2007,saysthathissystemisabletodetectaperson'smoodbyplottingthepositionof

facialfeatures,suchaseyebrows,mouthandnostrils,andemployingcleverprogramsto

interpretchangesintheiralignment—aswheneyebrowsareraisedinsurprise,say.Add

cyc-movcmcnttracking,hintingatwhichdisplayadswereoverlookedandwhichwere

studiedfbranyperiodoftime,andtheapproachofferspreciselythesortofquantitative

databrandmanagersyeamfor.Atpresentthesystemisbeingusedonpurpose-built

websiteswith,lorinstance,onlineresearchgroupstestingtheeffectofvariousdisplay

ads.Thenextstepistomakeinteractiveads.Becausetheycanspotthevisualattention

giventothem,aswellas:heemotionalstateoftheviewer,theseadscouldchangetheir

responses.Assimilartechnologiesbecomewidespread,privacyconcernswillinvariably

increase.Peoplewouldneedtogiveconsenttotheirwebcamsbeingusedinthisway,Mr.

Jaatmaadmits.OnewaytopersuadeInternetuserstograntaccesstotheirimageswould

betoofferthemdiscountsongoodsorsubscriptionstowebsites.

6、TheimaginedsituationinParagraph1introduces.

A^aneffectivewayofdisplayingadvertisements

B、amethodofgettingridofannoyingcommercials

C^animage-processingsoftwareusedinpromotion

D^aninnovativetechnologytrackingpeople'semotions

標準答案：D

知識點解析：推斷題。由題干中的關(guān)鍵詞Paragraph1可迅速鎖定信息至文章第一

段。該段前五句話描述了一個想象的情景：人們在瀏覽網(wǎng)頁時，頁面出現(xiàn)了一個奇

特的廣告，它能覺察到人們對廣告的情緒浮動并能做出相應(yīng)的反應(yīng)。第六句話是作

者對此的評價—這簡直不可思議(Creepy)。接下來第七句話是對這一想象中的情

景進行描述和解釋：這種廣告是一種不僅僅知道用戶正在查看，同時還能根據(jù)用戶

的情緒做出反應(yīng)的廣告，并且由于圖像處理軟件的強大作用和微型攝像頭的廣泛存

在，這種奇特的廣告將會很快成為現(xiàn)實。由此可知，D項“一種可以識別人的情緒

變化的新技術(shù)”符合文意，為正確答案。

7、AccordingtoParagraph2,thestudyofpeople'semotionalresponsestoads

A、contributestothewideuseofinteractiveadsinvariousfields

helpstoimprovethewayinwhichonlineadsaredisplayed

C、classifiesthedifferentemotionsofthesubjectsinreallife

D、opensadoortoabetteracceptanceofonlineadvertisements

標準答案：B

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。由題干中的關(guān)鍵詞Paragraph2可迅速鎖定信息至文章第二

段。該段第三至五句話介紹了人們對廣告的情緒反應(yīng)的研究：廣告公司錄制了在模

擬場景中(inanartificialsetting)人們對于廣告的不同反應(yīng)，并對參與者表達積極或

消極情緒時的面目表情進行了研究。結(jié)合第一段中的信息(根據(jù)人的情緒做出反應(yīng)

的廣告)，可推知，廣告商是想通過研究人的情緒開發(fā)出這種廣告，以便獲得更好

的廣告效果。B項符合文意，故為正確答案。

8、TheemotionalanalysisbyRealeyescompanymainlyfocuseson.

A、eyemovements

B、psychologicaldisorders

C、facialexpressions

D、quantitativedata

標準答案：C

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題干中Rcalcycscompany這一關(guān)鍵詞，可迅速將信息鎖

定至文章第三段。該段介紹了Realeyes公司所開發(fā)的一個新系統(tǒng)。首句指出，該

公司一直在研發(fā)一種將眼球監(jiān)測網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝像頭與情緒分析相結(jié)合的系統(tǒng)。接下來第二

句具體指出該系統(tǒng)所具有的功能，能夠通過標示眉毛、嘴和鼻孔等面部位置，并運

用智能程序識別其位置的變化來識別人的情緒(detectapersonmoodbyplottingthe

positionoffacialfeatures),故可推斷出該公司對情緒的分析主要是通過標示人的面

部特征來進行的，C項符合文意，為正確答案。

9、Interactiveadsarefeaturedby

A、smartresponses

B、identificationofattention

C、recognitionofemotions

D、acuteobservation

標準答案：A

知識點解析：推斷題。根據(jù)題干的關(guān)鍵詞Inleracliveads(互動式廣告河迅速將信息

定位至文章第四段。該段第一、二句指出，目前該系統(tǒng)正被用于各種為特定目的而

建立的網(wǎng)站，而下一步就是要制作互動式廣告。接著第三句對互動式廣告進行了說

明：由于這類廣告能捕員到人們的視覺關(guān)注以及瀏覽者的情緒狀態(tài)，因此它們可以

做出相應(yīng)的反應(yīng)(the*eadscouldchangetheirresponses)?由此可推知.捕捉到瀏覽

者對其的視覺關(guān)注和情緒是互動式廣告作出相應(yīng)反應(yīng)的兩個前提條件，同時也是互

動式廣告的特殊之處，故A項正確。

10、Asforthenewtechnology,useofwebcamswouldbeforbiddenwhen.

A、intellectualpropertyisconcerned

B、Internetusersdonotpermitit

C>thetechnologybecomespopular

D、nodiscountsorotherservicesareprovided

標準答案：B

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，可迅速將信息定位至文章最后一段。

該段首句指出，隨著此類技術(shù)的廣泛使用，對于個人的隱私將倍受關(guān)注。接著第二

句指出Jaalma先生也表示，以這種方式使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝像頭必須得到當事人的同意

(Peoplewouldneedtogiveconsenttotheirwebcamsbeingusedinthisway),由此可

知，如果當事人不同意，這種網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝像頭則會被禁用，B項符合此意，故為正確答

案。

Itisnolongerparticularlyrareforwomentobethemainbreadwinner-intheUSa

quarterofwivesnowearnmorethantheirhusbands-butwhatisrarerisforsucha

relationshiptowork.AbookpublishedlastweekbythejournalistFarnooshTorabidraws

togetherdatashowingjusthowharditis:high-earningwomenhavedifficultyfindinga

husband,andwhentheydo,heisfivetimesaslikelytobeunfaithfulasotherhusbands.

Thewomanwillprobablydomorethanhershareofchores;thoughintheunusualevent

thathestartsironingandcooking,heislikelytoendhismarriage.Eitherway,divorce

beckons.Themajorityofpeople,evenveryyoungcouples,stillseemtobein

relationshipswherethemanmakesmore.Onefiercelycleveryoungmansayshisequally

cleverfeministgirlfriendhastoldhimshecouldnevermarryamanwhoearnedlessas

shedidn'tfancyalifespentproppinguphisego.Onemalecolleaguesayshiswife'shabit

ofmakingalotwasagodsendforhimashelovesmoneybutistoolazytomakemuch

himself.Morecommonlyitcomeswhentheman'sprofessionalegoisnotmeasuredin

money.VariousmenattheFT(FinancialTimes)havewivesearningafortuneinthecity,

freeingthemtoberelativelypoorlypaidhacks.Withinthemarriagethereisthe

understandingthathiscareermattersasmuch-ifnotmore-thanhers.Inthesameway,

somefemalejournalistssupportmenwhoaremusiciansanddesigners,wholovewhat

(heydo,and(inthebestcases)arcalsohappytotaketheleadinbringingupthechildren.

Themostinterestingcasesarewhenbothstartedtogetherinasimilarindustrybutover

theyearsthewomanhasovertakentheman.Mostoftheseseemtoendbadly.Butone

successfulmalejournalistexplainedhowhehadovercometheproblemofhavinganeven

moresuccessfulwife."It'sthePikettydebate,isn'tit?Whatmattersmost—inequality,or

overalllivingstandards?"Intheinterestsofthelatter,hehaswiselyrefusedtofeelany

resentmentandinsteaddeclareshimselfutterlyproudofhiswife.

11、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtoParagraphI?

A、Today,it'scommonforawomantobethemainbreadwinner.

B、Thehusbandofhigh-earningwomanismorelikelytobeunfaithful.

C、IntheUS,halfofwivesearnmorethantheirhusbands.

D、Manymenaredifficulttolivewithasuccessfulwife.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第一段。C項“在美國，有一半人的

妻子賺的比丈夫多“，與intheUSaquarterofwivesnowearnmorethantheir

husbands不符，故C項符合題意，為正確答案。

12、Womenareunwillingtomarryamanwhoearnslessthanherbecausesucha

man.

A、can^supporther

hasnothingincommonwithher

C、iseasytobehurt

D、tendstobemoreconservative

標準答案：C

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第二段第二句：Onefiercelyclever

youngmansayshisequallycleverfeministgirlfriendhastoldhimshecouldnevermarry

amanwhoearnedlessasshedidn'tfancyalifespentproppinguphisegOo此句意為

“一位極其聰明的年輕男士說，他同樣聰明的女權(quán)主義女友曾經(jīng)告訴他，她絕不可

能跟一個掙得比自己少的男人結(jié)婚，因為她不愿把一輩子花在維護他的自尊心

上，故C項”更容易受與”符合題意，為正確答案.

13、Thecaseof'onemalecollegue"demonstratesthat.

A、somemenwishtomarryarichwoman

B、somemenareenjoyabletodohousework

CNasuccessfulwifeismorehelpfultoherhusband

D、asuccessfulwifeismoretolerate

標準答案：A

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段第一句：Onemalecolleague

sayshiswife'shabitofmakingalotwasagodsendforhimashelovesmoneybutistoo

lazytomakemuchhimselfo此句意為“一位男同事表示，妻子能賺大錢的本事對他

而言簡直是上天的恩賜，因為他雖然愛財;但過于順惰，并不想自己去掙”。故A

項“有些男士希望娶一位有錢的女士”符合題意，為正確答案。

14、Accordingtothejournalist,howshouldamanfacethemoresuccessfulwife?

A、Heshouldtryhisbesttomaintaintheequalitybetv/eencouples.

B、Heshouldlearntoappreciatehissuccesfulwife.

C、Heshouldkeepthebalancebetweenworkandlife.

D、Heshouldlearntoexpresshisdissatisfactioninrightway.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到最后一段的“It'sthePiketlydebate,

isn'tit?whatmattersmost—inequality,oroveralllivingstandards?vIntheinterestsofthe

latter.hehaswiselyrefusedtofeelanyresentmentandinsteaddeclareshimselfutterly

proudofhiswifeo意思是“這就好比是皮凱蒂之辯，不是嗎?什么最重要——夫妻間

的不平等，還是整體生活水平?”為了后一項利益，他明智地拒絕產(chǎn)生任何怨憤的感

覺，而是宣稱自己為妻子感到無比驕傲。故B項“他應(yīng)該學(xué)會欣賞他成功的妻子”

符合題意，為正確答案。

15、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A、todayit'sstillhardforamantoacceptasuccessfulwife

B、todaytheequalitybetweencouplesisstillimportant

C、womenaremoreopen-mindedinthemarriagebonds

D、theegoofmenisstrongerthanwomen's

標準答案：A

知識點。析：推斷題。艱據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到全文。全文共有四段：第一段引出話

題，妻子的收入比丈夫高時，夫妻關(guān)系很難維持：第二段承上啟下，指出即使年輕

夫婦，也難以接受女方比男方收入高；第三段闡述在男方的職業(yè)自尊心不以金錢衡

量時，這種婚姻關(guān)系或許可以長久；最后一段，作者闡述了在收入方面“女強男弱”

的夫妻該如何維持婚姻。綜合全文，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)A項“目前.，男士仍然難以接受比自

己成功的妻子''符合題意，為正確答案。

Docsabillthatdocsnothingactuallydosomething?ThisisnotaZenkoan,buta

legislativeone,beingtestedthismonthinTennessee.Thebillinquestionrequiredthe

state'seducationsystemtoencouragestudentsto"explorescientificquestions"and

"respondappropriatelyandrespectfullytodifferencesofopinionaboutscientific

subjects'*.Italsoprotectedteachersagainstpunishmentfor"helpingstudentsunderstand,

analyse,critiqueandreviewinanobjectivemannerthescientificstrengthsandscientific

weaknessesofexistingscientifictheories."Itpassedwithbigmajoritiesinboth

chambers,andbecamelawonApril10th.Atissueiswhetherthisinnocuous-sounding

measureisactuallyabackdoorthatwouldallowteacherstointroducecreationismand

intelligentdesignintoscienceclassrooms.Manyaresureitis.Themeasuredrew

oppositionfromscientistsandteachersbothnationallyandinTennessee.Several

scientistsworrythatthebillwouldweakenscienceeducationinthestate.Supportersof

themeasure,suchasstateSenatorBoWatson,aco-sponsor,saythisisalarmistnonsense.

EvolutionispartofTennessee'ssciencecurriculum,whichthebilldoesnotchange.

Manystateandfederalcourtcaseshavenotonlyprohibitedtheteachingofcreationism

andintelligentdesigninpublic-schoolclassrooms,buthavealsorestrainedteachersfrom

introducingargumentsagainstevolutionincontraventionofaschooldistrict's

curriculum.MrWatsoninsiststhebillissimplymeanttoensurethatpupilslearn"critical

thinking"inscienceclassrooms.Tennessee'sbillisnotunusual:since2004similar

measureshavebeenofferedinnofewerthan13statelegislatures.Onlyinoneotherstate

hasonebecomelaw.Manysuchbills,includingTennessee's,shareacommonparent:a

"ModelAcademicFreedomStatuteonEvolution"writtenandpostedbyaconservative

lliiiik-laiikllialhaslongadvoualcdinlclligciildesign.Thismeasureprolculsluacliurs'and

students'rightstopresentandhear"thefullrangeofscientificviewsregardingbiological

andchemicalevolution,"butitdoeslittleinpractice.Itchangesnocurriculumanddoes

notexpresslylobbyforcreationismorintelligentdesign.Louisiana'smeasure,whichhas

beenlawfornearlyfouryears,seemstohavehadnoevidenteffects.Instead,thesebills

seemaparticularlysuccessfulbitofsignalling.Theyletevolutionscepticsexpress

themselvesintherightplace:withinthelawandoutsidetheclassroom.

16>AccordingtoParagraph1,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutTennessee'sbill

isNOTtrue?

A、Itencouragedstudentstoexplorescientificquestions.

Itrespectedstudents'differentopinionsaboutscientificsubjects.

C、Itprotectedteachersfrompunishmentforcriticizingexistingscientifictheories.

D、Itwonthesupportofbigmajoritiesinbothchambersandtookeffect.

標準答案：c-

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題干定位到第一段。原文提到Italsoprotectedteachers

againstpunishmentfbr4thelpingstudentsunderstand,analyse,critiqueandreviewinan

objectivemannerthescientificstrengthsandscientificweaknessesofexistingscientific

theories.”（教師還能“幫助學(xué)生以客觀的方式理解、分析、評論及考察現(xiàn)存科學(xué)理

論中的優(yōu)缺點”而不受處罰），C項漏掉了inanobjectivemanlier這一重要前提，因

此錯誤。故選C項。

17>Tennessee'sbillisatissuebe