材料概論專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯

Iron（鐵）Gold（金）Copper（銅）Zinc（鋅）Aluminum（鋁）Tin(錫)Silver(銀)Mercury(汞)Electron(電子)metallicbond（金屬鍵）Theferrousmetal（黑色金屬）Pigiron（生鐵）Alloysteel（合金鋼）Castiron（鑄鐵）Aluminum（鋁）Magnesium（鎂）Copper（銅）Titanium（鈦）Body-centeredcubicstructure(BCC)體心立方結(jié)構(gòu)Face-centeredcubicstructure(FCC)面心立方結(jié)構(gòu)Hexagonalclose-packedstructures(HCP六方密堆結(jié)構(gòu)）alloys（合金）Wroughtiron（熟鐵）Forging(鍛造)Electrolyticiron(電解鐵)Ingotiron(工業(yè)純鐵)ductility(延展性）Airblast（(鼓風(fēng))Hopper（漏斗狀容器）Stove（爐子）Limestone（石灰石）Magnetite(磁鐵礦)Hematite(赤鐵礦)Taconite(鐵英巖)Siderite[隕鐵]Ironpyrites[黃鐵礦]Limonite[褐鐵礦]impurities(雜質(zhì))Whitecastiron（白口鑄鐵）Nickel（鎳）Chromium（鉻）Molybdenum（鉬）Vanadium（釩）Copper（銅）Titanium（鈦）graphiteflakes(石墨片)nodularcastiron(球墨鑄鐵)corrosionresistance（抗腐蝕性）Tensilestrength(拉伸強(qiáng)度)Weld（焊接）Carbonsteel（碳素鋼）alloysteel（合金鋼）carburizing(滲碳過(guò)程）Brass（黃銅）Bronze（青銅）strength-to-weightratio（強(qiáng)重比）impactstrength（沖擊強(qiáng)度）Gravity-cast(重力鑄造)siliconerubber（硅橡膠）molds(模子)plaster(石膏)Zirconium(鋯)thorium(釷),andplutonium(钚)uranium(鈾)beryllium(鈹)Stressversusstrain(應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變關(guān)系）Hardness（硬度）Fracturetoughness(斷裂韌性）Fatigue(疲勞）Creep（徐變）stress(應(yīng)力)Fatigue(疲勞)Fracturetoughness(斷裂韌性)Thermalexpansion(熱膨脹)contracts（收縮）expands(膨脹)Greycastiron（灰口鑄鐵）Mottledcastiron（麻口鑄鐵）fractured（斷裂的）eutectic(共熔質(zhì))fluidity（流動(dòng)性）Castability（可鑄性Wearresistance(耐磨性)brittle（易碎的）Shape（形狀）Color（顏色）irrelevant(不相關(guān)的)Element（元素）Compound（化合物）Mixture（混合物）Property（性質(zhì)）Non-metals（非金屬）Metalloids（準(zhǔn)金屬）Metallicbond（金屬鍵）Ionicbond（離子鍵）Covalentbond（共價(jià)鍵）VanderWaalsbond（范德華鍵）Hydrogenbond（氫鍵）Mechanical（機(jī)械的）Biological（生物的）Electrical（電學(xué)的）Magnetic（磁性的）Optical（光學(xué)的）Refractory（耐火性）Spaceshuttle（航天飛機(jī)）Resistors（電阻器）Thermistors（熱敏電阻）Renewable（可再生的）Sustainable（可持續(xù)發(fā)展的）Elastomers（彈性體）Polymer（高聚物）Thermoplastic（熱塑性）Thermosetting（熱固性）Vulcanization（硫化）Strength（強(qiáng)度）Hardness（硬度）Ductility（延展性）Stiffness（剛性）Elasticity(彈性）HeatConductivity（熱導(dǎo)）Oxidation（氧化）Reduction（還原）Ceramic（陶瓷）Glass（玻璃）Classification（分類(lèi)）Application（應(yīng)用）Pottery(陶器)Porcelain（瓷器)Inert(惰性)Polycrystalline（多晶）Biocompatible(生物適應(yīng)性的）Aesthetic（美感的）Compressivestrength（耐壓強(qiáng)度）InsulatorsCement(水泥)Feldspar(長(zhǎng)石)Quartz（石英）Kaolin(高嶺石)Advancedinorganicmaterials(先進(jìn)無(wú)機(jī)材料):Oxide(氧化物)Nitride（氮化物）Silicide（硅化物）Carbide（碳化物）Composition（組成）Structuralceramics（結(jié)構(gòu)陶瓷）Functionalceramics（功能陶瓷）Microstructure（微觀結(jié)構(gòu)）Pore（氣孔）Defect（缺陷）Fiberoptics（光纖）Microchips（微型芯片）Porosity(孔隙度)Bulkdensity（表觀密）Detrimental(有害的)Continuity(連續(xù)性)Competitive(競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的）Siliconcarbide（碳化硅）Firing(烘烤)Drying（干燥）Roughcast(生坯)Thermaldecomposition（熱分解）Yieldstrength（抗屈強(qiáng)度）Plasticallydeform（塑性形變）Elongation（延伸）Zirconia氧化鋯ThermalShockResistance（抗熱沖擊性）Withstand（承受）Magneticstorage（磁存儲(chǔ)）Piezo-electric（壓電）Thermalexpansioncoefficient(熱膨脹系數(shù))Stimulate（刺激）cellularceramics(蜂窩陶瓷）Catalyticconverters（催化轉(zhuǎn)換器）Carbondioxide(二氧化碳)Carbonmonoxide（一氧化碳）Combustion（燃燒）Diesel(內(nèi)燃機(jī))Energy（能量）Material（材料）Solarcell（太陽(yáng)能電池）

PlasmaEnhancedChemicalVaporDeposition（等離子體增強(qiáng)化學(xué)氣相沉積）Lowpressurechemicalvapordeposition（低壓化學(xué)氣相沉積）Liquidphaseepitaxialmethod(液相外延法)Sputteringmethod(濺射沉積法)Thermoelectric（熱電的）堿性燃料電池AFC：Alkalinefuelcell質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池PEMFC:ProtonExchangeMembranefuelcell，Directmeth