2021區(qū)域性土壤環(huán)境背景含量統(tǒng)計技術導則（試行）

區(qū)域性土壤環(huán)境背景含量統(tǒng)計技術導則（試行）目 次前言 ii用圍 1范引文件 1語定義 1作標內容 2據取 2據理析 7計表征 8附錄A（資性錄）t分布表 10附錄B（資性錄）異常判方法 i區(qū)域性土壤環(huán)境背景含量統(tǒng)計技術導則（試行）適用范圍本標準引用了下列文件或其中的條款。凡是注明日期的引用文件，僅注日期的版本適用于本標準。凡是未注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用于本標準。GB/T4882數據的統(tǒng)計處理和解釋正態(tài)性檢驗GB/T8170數值修約規(guī)則與極限數值的表示和判定GB15618土壤環(huán)境質量農用地土壤污染風險管控標準（試行）GB/T17296中國土壤分類與代碼GB36600土壤環(huán)境質量建設用地土壤污染風險管控標準（試行）HJ25.2建設用地土壤污染風險管控和修復監(jiān)測技術導則HJ/T166土壤環(huán)境監(jiān)測技術規(guī)范術語和定義下列術語和定義適用于本標準。3.1土壤環(huán)境背景含量environmentalbackgroundconcentrationofsoil一定時間條件下，僅受地球化學過程和非點源輸入影響的土壤中元素或化合物的含量。3.2調查單元surveyunit（巖同一調查單元，可能在空間上不連續(xù)分布。3.3統(tǒng)計單元statisticalunit用于土壤環(huán)境背景含量數據統(tǒng)計的單元。3.4已有數據existingdata在開展土壤環(huán)境背景含量統(tǒng)計時，調查區(qū)域已有的、目標時間范圍內的土壤環(huán)境調查數據。1巖1數據獲取收集整理區(qū)域性土壤環(huán)境背景含量統(tǒng)計所需的相關數據資料，明確是否存在已有數據：數據獲?。◣r（（2（（巖）。5.4數據集評估5.4.245.4pH巖巖GB/T17296（1tC2 tCN vm2

（1）式中：N——基礎樣本數量，個；——）t附錄ACv——變異系數，從已有的其他研究資料中估計，%；m20～30，%。CvCvCv布點數量305Cvm布點方法121巖L（2）式中：L——網格間距，km或m；A——km2

1?2L=（??/?）

（2）N同“54.2ALA的單位是km2Lkm點位選擇點位選擇需要具有代表性，盡量避開人為活動的影響。巖1表1土壤環(huán)境背景含量主要人為影響源影響范圍主要人為影響源影響范圍工礦企業(yè)工礦企業(yè)周邊5000米6續(xù)表主要人為影響源影響范圍交通運輸鐵路兩側500米二級以上公路兩側350米農村道路兩側50米樣品采集HJ/T1660～20cm、40～60cm80～100cm進行，采樣方法參照HJ25.2樣品保存與流轉按照HJ/T166中的相關規(guī)定執(zhí)行。樣品的分析測試按照HJ/T166中的相關規(guī)定執(zhí)行，其中標準方法優(yōu)先采用GB15618和GB3660015618GB36600HJ/T166數據的正態(tài)性檢驗按照GB/T48827GubbsDxn（hopso）（附錄BGrubbsDixonTDixon100GrubbsT統(tǒng)計與表征統(tǒng)計樣點數量、最小值、最大值、分位數（2.5%、5%、10%、25%、50%、75%、90%、95%、97.5????+2S??2???、???2???2?（??（4?（5??6???=1∑????

（3）????=1??∑??

(????????)2??=√

??=1???1

（4）?=???????1(1∑????′)

（5）????=1 ??∑??

(??′?1

2??′)式中：n——樣本量，個；????——第i個樣本值；

??=???????1(√??=1 ??????=1??) （6）???1??′??——??????????(??=1,2,?,??)；??????——幾何平均值；??——幾何標準差。8表格應包括統(tǒng)計單元名稱、編號、樣點數量、最小值、最大值、分位數（5%、10%、25%50759095??????95（?±2??2.5%~97.5%）GB/T8170（（）9附錄A（資料性附錄）t分布表df置信水平（1?α）%/雙側506070809095989999.511.0001.3761.9633.0786.31412.70631.82163.657127.32120.8161.0611.3861.8862.9204.3036.9659.92514.08930.7650.9781.2501.6382.3533.1824.5415.8417.45340.7410.9411.1901.5332.1322.7763.7474.6045.59850.7270.9201.1561.4762.0152.5713.3654.0324.77360.7180.9061.1341.4401.9432.4473.1433.7074.31770.7110.8961.1191.4151.8952.3652.9983.4994.02980.7060.8891.1081.3971.8602.3062.8963.3553.83390.7030.8831.1001.3831.8332.2622.8213.2503.690100.7000.8791.0931.3721.8122.2282.7643.1693.581110.6970.8761.0881.3631.7962.2012.7183.1063.497120.6950.8731.0831.3561.7822.1792.6813.0553.428130.6940.8701.0791.3501.7712.1602.6503.0123.372140.6920.8681.0761.3451.7612.1452.6242.9773.326150.6910.8661.0741.3411.7532.1312.6022.9473.286160.6900.8651.0711.3371.7462.1202.5832.9213.252170.6890.8631.0691.3331.7402.1102.5672.8983.222180.6880.8621.0671.3301.7342.1012.5522.8783.197190.6880.8611.0661.3281.7292.0932.5392.8613.174200.6870.8601.0641.3251.7252.0862.5282.8453.153210.6860.8591.0631.3231.7212.0802.5182.8313.135220.6860.8581.0611.3211.7172.0742.5082.8193.119230.6850.8581.0601.3191.7142.0692.5002.8073.104240.6850.8571.0591.3181.7112.0642.4922.7973.091250.6840.8561.0581.3161.7082.0602.4852.7873.078260.6840.8561.0581.3151.7062.0562.4792.7793.067270.6840.8551.0571.3141.7032.0522.4732.7713.057280.6830.8551.0561.3131.7012.0482.4672.7633.047290.6830.8541.0551.3111.6992.0452.4622.7563.038300.6830.8541.0551.3101.6972.0422.4572.7503.030400.6810.8511.0501.3031.6842.0212.4232.7042.971500.6790.8491.0471.2991.6762.0092.4032.6782.937600.6790.8481.0451.2961.6712.0002.3902.6602.915800.6780.8461.0431.2921.6641.9902.3742.6392.8871000.6770.8451.0421.2901.6601.9842.3642.6262.8711200.6770.8451.0411.2891.6581.9802.3582.6172.860∞0.6740.8421.0361.2821.6451.9602.3262.5762.80710附錄B（資料性附錄）異常值判別方法B.1 （Grubbs）檢驗法當懷疑最大值為異常時，根據公式（1）計算統(tǒng)計量????：????

=?????????

（1）當懷疑最小值為異常時，根據公式（2）計算統(tǒng)計量??′??：??′??

=????1??

（2）式中：??1為數據經排序后的最小值，????為數據經排序后的最大值，???、??分別為樣本平均值和標準差。??nB.1??1????2。檢驗結果如下：對于單側情形，若????或??′??＞??1???，則??n或??1為異常值。對于雙側情形，若????>??′??且????＞??1????2，則??n為異常值；若??′??>????且??′??＞??1????2，則??1為異常值。表B.1 格拉斯（Grubbs）驗臨值表n0.90.950.9750.990.995n0.90.950.9750.990.99531.1481.1531.1551.1551.155192.3612.5322.6812.8542.96841.4251.4631.4811.4921.496202.3852.5572.7092.8843.00151.6021.6721.7151.7491.764212.4082.5802.7332.9123.03161.7291.8221.8871.9441.973222.4292.6032.7582.9393.06071.8281.9382.0202.0972.139232.4482.6242.7812.9633.08781.9092.0322.1262.2212.274242.4672.6442.8022.9873.11291.9772.1102.2152.3232.387252.4862.6632.8223.0093.135102.0362.1762.2902.4102.482262.5022.6812.8413.0293.157112.0882.2342.3552.4852.564272.5192.6982.8593.0493.178122.1342.2852.4122.5502.636282.5342.7142.8763.0683.199132.1752.3312.4622.6072.699292.5492.7302.8933.0853.218142.2132.3712.5072.6592.755302.5632.7452.9083.1033.236152.2472.4092.5492.7052.806312.5772.7592.9243.1193.253162.2792.4432.5852.7472.852322.5912.7732.9383.1353.270172.3092.4752.6202.7852.894332.6042.7862.9523.1503.286182.3352.5042.6512.8212.932342.6162.7992.9653.1643.30111續(xù)表n0.90.950.9750.990.995n0.90.950.9750.990.995352.6282.8112.9793.1783.316682.8833.0713.2463.4603.610362.6392.8232.9913.1913.330692.8883.0763.2523.4663.617372.6502.8353.0033.2043.343702.8933.0823.2573.4713.622382.6612.8463.0143.2163.356712.8973.0873.2623.4763.627392.6712.8573.0253.2283.369722.9033.0923.2673.4823.633402.6822.8663.0363.2403.381732.9083.0983.2723.4873.638412.6922.8773.0463.2513.393742.9123.1023.2783.4923.643422.7002.8873.0573.2613.404752.9173.1073.2823.4963.648432.7102.8963.0673.2713.415762.9223.1113.2873.5023.654442.7192.9053.0753.2823.425772.9273.1173.2913.5073.658452.7272.9143.0853.2923.435782.9313.1213.2973.5113.663462.7362.9233.0943.3023.445792.9353.1253.3013.5163.669472.7442.9313.1033.3103.455802.9403.1303.3053.5213.673482.7532.9403.1113.3193.464812.9453.1343.3093.5253.677492.7602.9483.1203.3293.474822.9493.1393.3153.5293.682502.7682.9563.1283.3363.483832.9533.1433.3193.5343.687512.7752.9643.1363.3453.491842.9573.1473.3233.5393.691522.7832.9713.1433.3533.500852.9613.1513.3273.5433.695532.7902.9783.1513.3613.007862.9663.1553.3313.5473.699542.7982.9863.1583.3683.516872.9703.1603.3353.5513.704552.8042.9923.1663.3763.524882.9733.1633.3393.5553.708562.8113.0003.1723.3833.531892.9773.1673.3433.5593.712572.8183.0063.1803.3913.539902.9813.1713.3473.5633.716582.8243.0133.1863.3973.546912.9843.1743.3503.5673.720592.8313.0193.1933.4053.553922.9893.1793.3553.5703.725602.8373.0253.1993.4113.560932.9933.1823.3583.5753.728612.8423.0323.2053.4183.566942.9963.1863.3623.5793.732622.8493.0373.2123.4243.573953.0003.1893.3653.5823.736632.8543.0443.2183.4303.579963.0033.1933.3693.5863.739642.8603.0493.2243.4373.586973.0063.1963.3723.5893.744652.8663.0553.2303.4423.592983.0113.2013.3773.5933.747662.8713.0613.2353.4493.598993.0143.2043.3803.5973.750672.8773.0663.2413.4543.6051003.0173.2073.3833.6003.754（Dixon）根據表B.2中公式計算統(tǒng)計量????值。表B.2Dn值計算公式當3≤n≤7時，懷疑最大值??=??????????1 （3）?? ???????1懷疑最小值??=??2???1 （4）?? ???????1當8≤n≤10時，懷疑最大值??=??????????1 （5）?? ???????2懷疑最小值??=??2???1 （6）?? ?????1???112續(xù)表當11≤n≤13時，懷疑最大值??=??????????2 （7）?? ???????2懷疑最小值??=??3???1 （8）?? ?????1???1當14≤n≤30時，懷疑最大值??=??????????2 （9）?? ???????3懷疑最小值??=??3???1 （10）?? ?????2???1當31≤n≤100時，懷疑最大值??=??????????2 （11）?? ???????3懷疑最小值??=??3???1 （12）?? ?????2???1??B.4若????＞??1???，則????（或??1）為異常值；若????≤??1???，則????（或??1）不是異常值。表B.3單側狄克遜（Dixon）檢驗的臨界值表n0.90.950.990.995n0.90.950.990.99530.8850.9410.9880.994320.3230.3670.4450.47340.6790.7650.8890.920330.3190.3620.4410.46850.5570.6420.7820.823340.3150.3580.4360.46360.4840.5620.6980.744350.3110.3540.4320.45870.4340.5070.6370.680360.3080.3500.4270.45480.4790.5540.6810.723370.3050.3470.4230.45090.4410.5120.6350.676380.3010.3430.4190.446100.4100.4770.5970.638390.2980.3400.4160.442110.5170.5750.6740.707400.2960.3370.4130.439120.4900.5460.6420.675410.2930.3340.4090.435130.4670.5210.6170.649420.2900.3310.4060.432140.4910.5460.6400.672430.2880.3280.4030.429150.4700.5240.6180.649440.2850.3260.4000.425160.4530.5050.5970.629450.2830.3230.3970.423170.4370.4890.5800.611460.2810.3210.3940.420180.4240.4750.5640.595470.2790.3180.3910.417190.4120.4620.5500.580480.2770.3160.3890.414200.4010.4500.5380.568490.2750.3140.3860.412210.3910.4400.5260.556500.2730.3120.3840.409220.3820.4310.5160.545510.2710.3100.3820.407230.3740.4220.5070.536520.2690.3080.3790.405240.3670.4130.4970.526530.2670.3060.3770.402250.3600.4060.4890.519540.2650.3040.3750.400260.3530.3990.4820.510550.2640.3020.3730.398270.3470.3930.4740.503560.2620.3000.3710.396280.3410.3870.4680.496570.2610.2980.3690.394290.3370.3810.4620.489580.2590.2970.3670.392300.3320.3760.4560.484590.2580.2950.3660.391310.3270.3710.4500.478600.2560.2940.3630.38813續(xù)表n0.90.950.990.995n0.90.950.990.995610.2550.2920.3620.387810.2330.2690.3350.359620.2530.2910.3610.385820.2320.2680.3340.358630.2520.2890.3590.383830.2320.2670.3330.356640.2510.2880.3570.382840.2310.2660.3320.356650.2500.2870.3550.380850.2300.2650.3310.355660.2490.2850.3540.379860.2290.2640.3300.353670.2470.2840.3530.377870.2280.2630.3290.352680.2460.2830.3510.376880.2280.2620.3280.352690.2450.2820.3500.374890.2270.2620.3270.351700.2440.2800.3480.372900.2260.2610.3260.350710.2430.2790.3470.371910.2250.2600.3250.349720.2420.2780.3460.370920.2250.2590.3240.348730.2410.2770.3440.368930.2240.2590.3230.347740.2400.2760.3430.368940.2230.2580.3230.346750.2390.2750.3420.366950.2230.2570.3220.345760.2380.2740.3410.365960.2220.2560.3210.344770.2370.2730.3400.364970.2210.2550.3200.344780.2360.2720.3380.363980.2210.2550.3200.343790.2350.2710.3370.361990.2200.2540.3190.341800.2340.2700.3360.3601000.2190.2540.3180.341表B.4雙側狄克遜（Dixon）檢驗的臨界值表n0.950.99n0.950.99n0.950.9930.9700.994210.4790.560390.3750.44240.8290.926220.4690.548400.3700.43850.7100.821230.4600.537410.3670.43360.6280.740240.4490.522420.3640.43270.5690.680250.4410.518430.3620.42880.6080.717260.4360.509440.3590.42590.5640.672270.4270.504450.3570.422100.5300.635280.4200.497460.3530.419110.6190.709290.4150.489470.3520.416120.5830.660300.4090.480480.3500.413130.5570.638310.4030.473490.3460.412140.5870.669320.3990.468500.3430.409150.5650.646330.3950.463510.3420.4