人教版（2019） 必修第二冊(cè) Unit 3 The Internet Discovering useful Structures課件

Unit3TheInternetDiscoveringusefulstructures被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式，用以說明主語與謂語動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系，表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。一般來說，只有需要?jiǎng)幼鲗?duì)象的及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。被動(dòng)語態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成，其時(shí)態(tài)變化只改變be的形式，過去分詞部分不變。be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞過去分詞一般說來，當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作承受者，不必說出執(zhí)行者或含糊不清的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，多用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。需要注意的是，許多地方與漢語不同。注意：那些漢語中有“被……”的短語往往又不是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，而是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。還有些特殊現(xiàn)象，如：“knowntome的意思，英語卻應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)態(tài)。還要注意，英語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)往往由“by”引出，而有用介詞“byonfoot”步行（美國人有時(shí)用“byfoot”），“incarriage”（乘四輪馬車）等等。還有假主動(dòng)，真被動(dòng)的十幾個(gè)常用詞的用法，以及“soheavytocarry”而不用“soheavytobecarried”等習(xí)慣用法。被動(dòng)語態(tài)常用于陳述事實(shí)，一般用在科技文章或新聞報(bào)道中?？谠E一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)用be+及物動(dòng)詞的.過去分詞，be有人稱、時(shí)、數(shù)變。完成時(shí)態(tài)have（has）done，被動(dòng)將been加中間。一般將來shall（will）do，被動(dòng)變do為bedone。將來進(jìn)行無被動(dòng)，shall（will）bedoing?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，被動(dòng)have（has）beendone?，F(xiàn)、過進(jìn)行bedoing，被動(dòng)be加beingdone。情、助、有、是妥安排，一律隨新主語變。否定助后加not，疑問一助置主前。主語恰是疑問詞，直陳語序主在前。一般情助加bedone，雙賓多將間賓變。復(fù)合賓語賓變主，賓補(bǔ)、主補(bǔ)相應(yīng)變。主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)例句：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主：Webelievehim.被：Heisbelievedbyus.一般過去時(shí)：主：Heboughthischildrensomepens.被：Somepenswereboughtforhischildrenbyhim.Changethesentencesintothepresentperfectpassivevoice.ExampleTheyhavebuiltakindofnewPCwithmorefunctions.→AkindofnewPChasbeenbuiltwithmorefunctions.1.Ihavedownloadedthesoftwaretohelpmyphonebatterylastlonger.2.Someonehaslostanidentitycard.3.HaveyouconfirmedtheWi-Fipassword?4.Haveyoupressedthebuttonyettocopythefile?5.Hasanyonemadeacommentabouttheonlinedatabase?1.Ihavedownloadedthesoftwaretohelpmyphonebatterylastlonger.2.Someonehaslostanidentitycard.3.HaveyouconfirmedtheWi-Fipassword?4.Haveyoupressedthebuttonyettocopythefile?5.Hasanyonemadeacommentabouttheonlinedatabase?Thesoftwarehasbeendownloadedtohelpmyphonebatterylastlonger.Anidentitycardhasbeenlost.HastheWi-Fipasswordbeenconfirmed?Hasthebuttonbeenpressedyettocopythefile?Hasa/anycommentbeenmadeabouttheonlinedatabase?1.A：Whycan’tIaccessmyaccount?B:_______yourpersonalinformation______(update)?2.Bothlearningsites____________(visit)byover10000peoplesincelastyear.3.Thiskeyboard______________(notuse)foralongtime.4.Canyoutellmewhat_____________(do)tobridgethedigitaldivide?5.InthepastyearI_________________(inspire)tobuye-booksinsteadofpaperbooks.6.A:WherecanIreadthosecomments?B:Online.They________(post)already.7.Itseemsthatmorehealthproblems______(cause)bymobilephones.8.Thatapp_________(delete)frommysmartphonealready.Completethesentenceswiththepresentperfectpassivevoiceofthegivenverbs(WorkbookP74Activity1)Hasbeenupdatedhavebeenvisitedhaven’tbeenusedhasbeendonehavebeeninspiredhavebeenpostedhavebeencausedhasbeendeletedCompletethenoticewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.(WorkbookP75)NoticetoparentsDearParents,Wehopeyouwillwelcomethisnews.Almost100computers___________(give)tousbyalocalcomputercompanysincetheendoflastyear.Adecision____________(make)tobeginacomputerteachingexperimentatourschool.Ourplan________________(support)withtechnicalequipmentandadvicewhich_______________(provide)bytheCityInformationTechnologyCenter.Everyteacher_________________(provide)withalaptopsincethebeginningofthisterm.Moreimportantly,mostofourcourses________________(teach)usingcomputers.We________________(help)inourteachingbyalotofinformationfromtheInternet.Also,anewcomputerroom_______________(setup)inourschool.Wehopeyouwillbehappywiththisexcitingnewdevelopmentinourschool.No.8SeniorHighSchoolhasbeenmadehavebeengivenhasbeensupportedhasbeenprovidedhasbeenprovidedhavebeentaughthavebeenhelpedhasbeensetupPresentperfectpassivevoice1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)中been一定不能忘記。2.注意break,catch,teach等動(dòng)詞的過去式和過去分詞的不規(guī)則變化形式。3.不及物動(dòng)詞（短語動(dòng)詞）沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，如：happen,takeplace,die,appear,breakout,belongto等。三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)：1.Greatchanges________________(takeplace)inmyhometownandalotoffactories______________(setup)sincelastyear.2.Tom________________________(catch)bythepoliceforalongtime.3.Recentlyaterriblething______________(happen)toher.4.Morepublictransport______

_______(build)inChina,makingiteasierforpeopletotravel.5.I________________(show)aroundtheWaterCubeformanytimessinceitwasbuilt.6.We’vedonealotofworkonit,butwe_______________(finish)yet.havetakenplacehavebeensetuphasbeencaughthashappenedhasbeenbuilthavebeenshownhavefinishedDiscussionThebasiccompositionofpassivevoice(被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成)一般式進(jìn)行式完成式現(xiàn)在時(shí)過去時(shí)將來時(shí)am/is/aredonewas/weredoneshall/willbedoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdonehas/havebeendonehadbeendone總結(jié)：基本用法基本句式注意事項(xiàng)1.對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響2.持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并有可能繼續(xù)進(jìn)行3.用在時(shí)間或條件等狀從,表將來某時(shí)已完成現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)1.