八年級英語期末考試：2025年環(huán)保議題閱讀理解與詞匯競賽卷

八年級英語期末考試：2025年環(huán)保議題閱讀理解與詞匯競賽卷一、閱讀理解要求：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。1.Thefollowingpassageisabouttheimpactofplasticpollutiononouroceans.Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.Inrecentyears,theproblemofplasticpollutioninouroceanshasbecomeincreasinglyserious.Manymarineanimalsareaffectedbythepollution,andevensomeofthemdieduetoit.Herearesomefactsabouttheissue:A.Morethan8milliontonsofplasticareestimatedtoentertheoceaneachyear.B.TheGreatPacificGarbagePatch,locatedbetweenCaliforniaandHawaii,istwicethesizeofTexas.C.Microplastics,whicharetinypiecesofplastic,havebeenfoundinthedeepestpartsoftheocean.D.Somecountries,suchasChinaandIndonesia,areresponsibleforalargepercentageoftheplasticpollution.1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Theamountofplasticenteringtheoceaneachyear.B.ThesizeoftheGreatPacificGarbagePatch.C.Thepresenceofmicroplasticsinthedeepestpartsoftheocean.D.Thecountriesresponsiblefortheplasticpollution.2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemostconcerningissueaboutplasticpollutioninouroceans?A.Theamountofplasticenteringtheoceaneachyear.B.ThesizeoftheGreatPacificGarbagePatch.C.Thepresenceofmicroplasticsinthedeepestpartsoftheocean.D.Thecountriesresponsiblefortheplasticpollution.二、詞匯辨析要求：在下列句子中，選出與畫線部分意義最相近的詞。3.Withtherapiddevelopmentoftechnology,ourliveshavebecomemoreconvenient.A.quickB.easyC.simpleD.convenient4.It'simportanttoreducewasteandrecyclemoreinordertoprotectourenvironment.A.topreventB.tostopC.tolimitD.tosave三、單項選擇要求：從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。5.Thegovernmenthasannouncedthattheywillbansingle-useplasticsby2030.A.announceB.promiseC.decideD.discuss6.It'sestimatedthatover100,000marineanimalsdieeachyearduetoplasticpollution.A.estimateB.calculateC.predictD.measure7.Microplasticscanbefoundinthedeepestpartsoftheocean,whichisveryconcerning.A.concerningB.worryingC.shockingD.amazing8.Somecountriesaretakingstepstoreducetheirplasticconsumptionandprotecttheenvironment.A.stepsB.measuresC.actionsD.efforts9.Theproblemofplasticpollutioninouroceansisaglobalissuethatneedstobeaddressedimmediately.A.globalB.internationalC.worldwideD.universal10.TheGreatPacificGarbagePatchistwicethesizeofTexas,whichisahugeproblem.A.hugeB.seriousC.bigD.large四、完形填空要求：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。11.Asweallknow,plasticpollutionisamajorissueaffectingourplanet.()thenegativeimpactofplasticonourenvironment,manyorganizationsareworkingonfindingsolutions.A.ToaddressB.BecauseofC.InordertoD.Asaresultof12.Recyclingisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoreduceplasticpollution.()thispractice,wecanminimizetheamountofplasticthatendsupinlandfills.A.ByengaginginB.ThroughparticipatinginC.WiththehelpofD.Asaresultof13.Microplasticsaresmallpiecesofplasticthatarenotvisibletothenakedeye.()theyareasignificantthreattomarinelife.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.AsD.Since14.TheGreatPacificGarbagePatchisacollectionofplasticwasteinthePacificOcean.()itisdifficulttocleanupduetoitsvastsize.A.HoweverB.MoreoverC.ThereforeD.Furthermore15.Manycountriesare()policiestoreduceplasticpollution.Somehaveimposedbansonsingle-useplastics,whileothersarepromotingrecyclingprograms.A.implementingB.developingC.planningD.creating五、語法填空要求：根據(jù)句子意思和所給首字母，用適當?shù)膯卧~填空，使句子完整、正確。16.Theoceanis(1)ahomeformillionsofdifferentspeciesofmarinelife.17.Toprotecttheocean,weneedto(2)reduceouruseofplastic.18.Recyclingisagreatwayto(3)reduceplasticpollution.19.Weshould(4)theplasticbagsweusetocarryourshopping.20.Itis(5)importanttodisposeofplasticproperlytopreventpollution.六、翻譯要求：將下列句子從英語翻譯成漢語。21.Theuseofsingle-useplasticshasbeenbannedinmanycountriestoreduceenvironmentalpollution.22.Microplasticscanbefoundinthedeepestpartsoftheocean,posingasignificantthreattomarinelife.23.Itiseveryone'sresponsibilitytoprotecttheenvironmentandreduceplasticpollution.24.TheGreatPacificGarbagePatchisahugeareaofplasticwastethatiscausingseriousdamagetomarineecosystems.25.Byrecyclingandreusingplasticproducts,wecanhelpreducetheamountofplasticthatendsupinlandfills.本次試卷答案如下：一、閱讀理解1.D解析：文章中提到了A、B、C三個選項的內(nèi)容，但沒有提到D選項中提到的國家。2.C解析：文章中提到微塑料在海洋深處被發(fā)現(xiàn)，這是一個非常令人擔憂的問題。二、詞匯辨析3.D解析：畫線詞"convenient"意為“方便的”，與其意義最相近的詞是"D.convenient"。4.A解析：畫線詞"reduce"意為“減少”，與其意義最相近的詞是"A.toprevent"。三、單項選擇5.A解析：畫線詞"announce"意為“宣布”，與其意義最相近的詞是"A.announce"。6.A解析：畫線詞"estimated"意為“估計”，與其意義最相近的詞是"A.estimate"。7.B解析：畫線詞"concerning"意為“令人擔憂的”，與其意義最相近的詞是"B.worrying"。8.B解析：畫線詞"steps"意為“步驟”，與其意義最相近的詞是"B.measures"。9.C解析：畫線詞"global"意為“全球的”，與其意義最相近的詞是"C.worldwide"。10.D解析：畫線詞"huge"意為“巨大的”，與其意義最相近的詞是"D.large"。四、完形填空11.A解析：根據(jù)句意，這里需要表示“為了解決”的短語，所以選擇"A.Toaddress"。12.A解析：根據(jù)句意，這里需要表示“通過參與”的短語，所以選擇"A.Byengagingin"。13.A解析：根據(jù)句意，這里需要表示“盡管”的連詞，所以選擇"A.Although"。14.C解析：根據(jù)句意，這里需要表示“因此”的連詞，所以選擇"C.Therefore"。15.A解析：根據(jù)句意，這里需要表示“實施”的動詞，所以選擇"A.implementing"。五、語法填空16.__an__解析：根據(jù)句意，這里需要形容詞形式修飾名詞"home"，所以填"an"。17.__to__解析：根據(jù)句意，這里需要不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作為動詞"need"的賓語，所以填"to"。18.__of__解析：根據(jù)句意，這里需要介詞"of"表示"減少"的對象，所以填"of"。19.__the__解析：根據(jù)句意，這里需要定冠詞"the"指代前面提到的"plasticbags"，所以填"the"。20.__it__解析：根據(jù)句意，這里需要代詞"it"指代前面的"importance"，所以填"it"。六、翻譯21.在許多國家，一次性塑料的使用已被禁止以減少環(huán)境污染。解析：根據(jù)句意，將"Theuseofsingle-useplastics"翻譯為“一次性塑料的使用”，"hasbeenbanned"翻譯為“已被禁止”，"toreduceenvironmentalpollution"翻譯為“以減少環(huán)境污染”。22.微塑料可以在海洋的最深處被發(fā)現(xiàn)，這對海洋生物構(gòu)成了一個重大的威脅。解析：根據(jù)句意，將"Microplastic