詞匯學(xué)模擬試卷3及答案

《英語詞匯學(xué)》模擬試卷(三)I.Choosethebestanswerandthenputtheletterofyourchoiceinthegivenbrackets.(30%)1.Englishwordsmayfallintothebasicwordstockandnonbasicvocabularyby______.A.usefrequencyB.originC.pronunciationD.notion()2.Therewas______agreementbetweensoundandforminOldEnglishthaninModernEnglish.A.lessB.abitlessC.moreD.abitmore()3.TheearlyinhabitantsoftheBritishIsleswere______.A.ScandinaviansB.RomansC.GermansD.Celts()4.ModernEnglishisregardedasa/an_______language.A.analyticB.inflectedC.syntheticD.advanced()5.Theword“internationalist”doesnotcontaina/an______.A.boundmorphemeB.stemC.inflectionalmorphemeD.freemorpheme()6.Theprefix“dis-“in“disloyal”isa______prefix.A.reversativeB.negativeC.pejorativeD.locative()7.Theword“dorm”isformedbyclippingthe______.A.backofaphraseB.frontofawordC.backofawordD.frontofaphrase()8.Theoverwhelmingmajorityofblendsare______.A.nounsB.adverbsC.verbsD.adjectives()9.Wordsarebutsymbols,manyofwhichhavemeaningonlywhentheyhaveacquired______.A.motivationB.referenceC.conceptsD.association()10.Thestatusofwordseitherassuperordinateorsubordinateis______tootherwords.A.stableB.fixedC.consistentD.relative()11.Themeaningof“l(fā)ip”in“thelipofawound”hasexperienced_____.A.associatedtransferB.degradationC.extensionD.elevation()12.Linguisticcontextmaycoverthefollowingexcept______.A.aparagraphB.participantsC.awholechapterD.theentirebook()13.Ambiguityarisesduetothefollowingexcept______.A.homonymyB.polysemyC.synonymyD.structure()14.Intheidiom“fromcradletograve”,______isused.A.personificationB.metaphorC.synecdocheD.metonymy()15.Theoretically,a/an______dictionaryisacompleterecordofallthewordsinuse.A.deskB.unabridgedC.pocketD.specialized()II.Completethefollowingstatementswithproperwordsorexpressionsgiveninthecoursebook.(15%)1.Norwegian,Icelandic._______________andSwedisharegenerallyknownasScandinavianlanguages.2.Englishwordsmayfallintocontentwordsandfunctionalwordsby____________.3.Nowpeoplegenerallyreferto___________________asOldEnglish.4.ModernEnglishvocabularydevelopsthroughthreechannels:creation,__________changeandborrowing.5.Pronounsand__________enjoynation-wideuseandstability,butaresemanticallymonosemousandhavelimitedproductivityandcollocability.6.OldEnglishwasahighly_________________languagelikemodernGerman.7.Blendingistheformationofnewwordsbycombining________________oftwowordsorawordplusapartofanotherword.8.Semanticmotivationexplainstheconnectionbetweenthe_______________senseandfigurativesenseoftheword.9.Synonymscanbeclassifiedintotwogroups:__________________synonymsandrelativesynonyms..10.Whenwetalkaboutcontext,weusuallythinkof_________________context,hardlyawareofthenon-linguisticcontext..11.Themore_______________theidioms,themorefixedthestructure.12.Changesofwordmeaningaredueto_____________factorsandextra-linguisticfactors.13.Synonymsmaydifferintherangeand_________________ofmeaning.14.Themeaningofawordmaybeinfluencedbythe______________inwhichitoccurs.Thisiscalledgrammaticalcontext.15.Sofarasthelanguageisconcerned,LongmanDictionaryofPhrasalVerbsisregardedasa__________________dictionary.III.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalseandthenputinthebracketstheletter“T”ifthestatementistrueor“F”ifitisfalse.(15%)1.Prepositions,conjunctions,pronouns,numeralsandarticlesallbelongtofunctionalwords.()2.Withthedevelopmentofthelanguage,moreandmoredifferencesarosebetweensoundandform.()3.Thechieffunctionofsuffixesistochangethemeaningsofstems.()4.Thereisnofreemorphemeintheword“prediction”.()5.Therearemanywordswhichhaveboththesameconceptualmeaningandthesamestylisticmeaning.()6.ThewordssuchasBBC,VOA,NATOandUFOareinitialisms.()7.Grammaticalmeaningofawordbecomesimportantonlywhenitisusedinactualcontext.()8.Suchwordsas“miniskirt”and“reading-lamp”areregardedasmorphologicallymotivatedwords.()9.Radiationdescribesasemanticprocesswhereeachofthelatermeaningsisrelatedonlytotheprecedingonelikechains.()10.Theambiguityofthesentence“Isawherduck,”isthoughttobecausedbyinadequategrammaticalcontext.()11.Extra-linguisticcontextcanexercisegreaterinfluenceonthemeaningsofwordsthanwerealize.()12.Intheidioms,suchas“screamandshout”,“pickandchoose”and“oddsandends”,alliterationisused.()13.Idiomsareexpressionswhichareeasilyunderstandablefromtheliteralmeaningsofindividualwords.()14.LDCEisfamousforitswidecoverageofnewwords,newmeaningsandnewusages.()15.Specializeddictionarieshavethecharacteristicsofbothlinguisticdictionariesandencyclopedia.()IV.Answerthefollowingquestions.(20%)Whatistherelationshipbetweensoundandmeaning?Giveexamplestoillustrateyourpointofview.Whatisconversion？Whatarethecharacteristicsofconversion?Whatisreference?Whatarethecharacteristicsofreference?Whatarethetwomajorfactorsthatcausechangesinmeaning?Howaretheyclassified?Whatisadictionary?Whatistherelationshipbetweenadictionaryandlexicology?V.Analyzeandcommentonthefollowing.(20%)1.Analyzethemorphologicalstructuresofthefollowingwordsandthenpointoutthetypesofmorphemes.lion-heartedcontradictionworkers2.Readthesentencecarefully.Ifyoufindanythinginadequate,explainthereasonsandthenimprovethesentence.Thefishisreadytoeat.《英語詞匯學(xué)》模擬試卷(三)參考答案I.選擇題1.A2.C3.D4.C5.C6.B7.C8.A9.B10.D11.A12.B13.C14.D15.BII.填空題1.Danish2.notion3.Anglo-Saxon4.semantic5.numerals6.inflected7.parts8.literary9.absolute10.linguistic11.idiomatic12.lexical13.intensity14.structure15.monolingualIII.是非題1.F2.T3.F4.T5.F6.F7.T8.T9.F10.F11.T12.T13.F14.T15.FIV.問答題1.Therelationshipbetweensoundandmeaningisalmostalwaysarbitraryandconventional,andthereisnologicalrelationshipbetweensoundandmeaning.Thesameconceptcanberepresentedbydifferentsoundsindifferentlanguages.Forexample,‘woman’becomes‘Frau’inGermanand‘femme’inFrench.Ontheotherhand,thesamesound/mi:t/isusedtomean‘meat’,‘meet’,and‘mete’.2.Conversionistheformationofnewwordsbyconvertingwordsofoneclasstoanotherclass.Thesewordsarenewonlyinagrammaticalsense.Sincethewordsdonotchangeinmorphologicalstructurebutinfunction,thisprocessisalsoknownasfunctionalshift.Wordsproducedbyconversionareprimarilynouns,adjectivesandverbs.3.Referencereferstotherelationshipbetweenlanguageandtheworld.Bymeansofreference,aspeakerindicateswhichthingsintheword(includingpersons)arebeingtalkedabout.Thereferenceofawordtoathingoutsidethelanguageisarbitraryandconventional.Referenceisakindofabstraction,butwiththehelpofcontext,itcanrefertosomethingspecific.4.Thetwomajorfactorsthatcausechangesinmeaningare:linguisticfactorsandextra-linguisticfactors.Linguisticfactorsincludeshortening,theinfluxofborrowingsandanalogy.Extra-linguisticfactorsincludethehistoricalreason,theclassreasonandthepsychologicalreason.5.AdictionaryisabookwhichpresentsinalphabeticorderthewordsofEnglish,withinformationastotheirspelling,pronunciati