江西省景德鎮(zhèn)市2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江西省景德鎮(zhèn)市2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C.D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AInParis,youonlyneedtoseetheLouvre,right?Wrong!There’ssomuchmoretoseeinoneoftheworld’sgreatestcitiesforartsandculture!Inthisarticle,discoverthebestmuseumstovisitinParis.LouisVuittonFoundationThearchitectureofthisbuildingalonemakesavisitworthit.ThebuildingwasdesignedbyfamousarchitectFrankGehry.ThereareworksofartbyJean-MichelBasquiat,EllsworthKelly,OlafurEliasson,Gilbert&George,JeffKoons,andmanyothers.Theadmissionticketcosts€16.Hours:Mon-Sat,10:00am-6:00pm(closedSundays)ParisMuseumofModernArtThemuseumhasafewhugeworksofartandatonofothereye-catchers.Itistechnicallyfreetovisit,buttheyaskforanon-mandatory(非強(qiáng)制性的)donationof€5toseethepermanentartworks.Hours:Tues—Sun,10:00am-6:00pm(closedMondays)MuséeNationalPicasso-ParisThemuseumishometothousandsofPicassoworks.UnliketheRodinMuseum,whichcontainsworksfrommanyartists,thePicassoMuseumkeepsitscollectioncloselytiedtothemaster.Theadmissionticketcosts€14.Hours:Tues—Fri,10:00am-6:30pm;SatandSun,9:30am-6:00pm(closedMondays)MuséeMarmottanMonetSimilartothePicassoMuseum,theMonetMuseumismostlyaboutMonet.ThemuseumisonlywhatitistodaythankstoMichelMonet’sfamousdonationofhisfather’sremainingworksofart.TheAdmissionwillrunyoufrom€9to€14.Hours:Tues—Sun,10:00am-6:00pm,latenightsonThursdaysuntil9:00pm(closedMondays)1.WhichmuseumwasdesignedbythearchitectFrankGehry?A.ParisMuseumofModernArt. B.MuséeNàtionalPicasso-Paris.C.MuséeMarmottanMonet. D.LouisVuittonFoundation.2.WhatdoMuséeNationalPicasso-ParisandMuséeMarmottanMonethaveincommon?A.BothareclosedonSundays. B.Bothfocusonasingleartist’sworks.C.Bothchargeover€14foradmission. D.Bothhaveextendedhoursonweekends.3.WhencanyouenterMuséeMarmottanMonet?A.6:00pmonMonday. B.8:00pmonThursday.C.10:00pmonSaturday. D.9:00amonSunday.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了巴黎最值得參觀的幾家博物館及其特色、門(mén)票和開(kāi)放時(shí)間?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LouisVuittonFoundation部分“ThebuildingwasdesignedbyfamousarchitectFrankGehry.(這座建筑由著名建筑師弗蘭克·蓋里設(shè)計(jì))”可知，LouisVuittonFoundation是由建筑師FrankGehry設(shè)計(jì)的。故選D項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MuséeNationalPicasso-Paris部分“ThemuseumishometothousandsofPicassoworks.(這座博物館收藏了數(shù)千件畢加索的作品)”以及MuséeMarmottanMonet部分“SimilartothePicassoMuseum,theMonetMuseumismostlyaboutMonet.(與畢加索博物館類似，莫奈博物館主要是關(guān)于莫奈的)”可知，MuséeNationalPicasso-Paris和MuséeMarmottanMonet的共同之處在于它們都專注于一位藝術(shù)家的作品。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MuséeMarmottanMonet部分“Hours:Tues—Sun,10:00am-6:00pm,latenightsonThursdaysuntil9:00pm(closedMondays)(開(kāi)放時(shí)間：周二至周日，上午10:00至下午6:00，周四晚上延長(zhǎng)至晚上9:00（周一閉館）)”可知，你可以在周四晚上8點(diǎn)進(jìn)入MuséeMarmottanMonet。故選B項(xiàng)。BInmymind,theeffectthatexperiencehadonmelastedforever.Iwasdeterminedtolearnswimmingattheageoften.Therewasapool,attheK.P.L.B.,offeringtheopportunity.Mymotherconstantlywarnedagainstit,andborefreshinmymindthedetailsofeachdrowningintheriver.ButtheK.P.L.B.poolwassafe.Myfearofwaterstartedfromchildhood.ItbeganwhenIwasfouryearsoldandfathertookmetothebeach.Therethehugewavesknockedmedownandsweptoverme.TheK.P.L.B.poolwasquiet.Iwasafraidofgoinginallalone,soIsatonthesideofthepooltowaitforothers.Thencameabigboy.Heyelled,“Hi,Skinny!How’dyouliketobeducked?”Withthathepickedmeupandthrewmeintothedeepend.Ilandedinasittingposition,andswallowedwater.ButIwasnotfrightenedoutofmywits—whenmyfeethitthebottom,Iwouldmakeabigjump,comeoutofthesurface.Itseemedalongwaydown.IgatheredallmystrengthwhenIlandedandmadewhatIthoughtwasagreatspringupwards.ThenIopenedmyeyesandsawnothingbutwater.Itriedtoyellbutnosoundcameout.Iwentdown,down,endlessly.WhenIcametoconsciousness,Ifoundmyselfonthebedinthehospital.Ineverwentbacktothepool.IavoidedwaterwheneverIcould.Thismisadventurestayedwithmeastheyearsrolledby.Itdeprivedmeofthejoyofboatingandswimming.Finally,Idecidedtogetaninstructor.Piecebypiece,Ipracticedhardandfinallyhebuiltaswimmer.Severalmonthslater,theinstructionwasfinished,butIwasnot.Sometimestheterrorwouldreturn.ThiswentontillJuly.IswamacrosstheLakeWentworth.Onlyoncedidtheterrorreturn.WhenIwasinthemiddleofthelake,Iputmyfaceunderandsawnothingbutbottomlesswater.Ilaughedandsaid,“Well,Mr.Terror,whatdoyouthinkyoucandotome?”Ihadconqueredmyfearofwater.4.Whywastheauthorfrightenedofwateroriginally?A.Hisswimmingskillwasverypoor.B.Anexperienceatthebeachaffectedhim.C.Hehadanunpleasantmemoryofthepoolattheageoffour.D.Hismotherwarnedhimaboutthedangerofbeingdrowned.5.Whichofthefollowingisrightabouttheauthor’sexperienceintheK.P.L.B.pool?A.Theexperiencemadehimawarethatthepoolwassafe.B.Thebigboyeagerlyhelpedhimconquerthefearofwater.C.Whenthrownintowater,heknewsomeonewouldsavehim.D.Whilehehadnoskillinswimming,hestruggledtogoupwards.6.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedtodescribetheauthor?A.Diligentandcautious. B.Determinedandgrateful.C.Dependableandadaptable. D.Humorousandcourageous.7.Whatdoestheauthortrytotellus?A.Afallintoapit,againinyourwit.B.Doonethingatatime,anddowell.C.Deeddividesbeingsintolowerandhigherones.D.Successalwayscomesfromdaringtochallenge.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了作者從怕水到學(xué)會(huì)游泳的過(guò)程?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容“Myfearofwaterstartedfromchildhood.ItbeganwhenIwasfouryearsoldandfathertookmetothebeach.Therethehugewavesknockedmedownandsweptoverme.(我從小就害怕水。害怕開(kāi)始于我四歲的時(shí)候，爸爸帶我去海灘。在那里，巨浪把我擊倒，席卷了我。)”可知，作者怕水是因?yàn)樗臍q時(shí)，爸爸帶他去海灘，在那里他被巨浪擊倒了，留下了心里陰影。由此可知，作者最初對(duì)水的恐懼是由他和父親去海灘游玩引起的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“ButIwasnotfrightenedoutofmywits—whenmyfeethitthebottom,Iwouldmakeabigjump,comeoutofthesurface.(但當(dāng)我的腳觸底時(shí)，我并沒(méi)有嚇得發(fā)瘋，我將用力跳躍，跳出水面。)”可知，當(dāng)作者被扔到水里時(shí)，盡管腳觸底了，但作者沒(méi)有嚇得發(fā)瘋，因?yàn)樗胱约嚎梢杂昧σ惶@樣就可以跳出水面了。由此可知，作者被扔進(jìn)水里時(shí)沒(méi)有被嚇?biāo)朗且驗(yàn)樗氤隽艘粋€(gè)回到水面之上的主意。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Ineverwentbacktothepool.IavoidedwaterwheneverIcould.(我再也沒(méi)回過(guò)游泳池。我盡量避免接觸水。)”可知，當(dāng)作者在水里發(fā)生意外后，他再也沒(méi)回過(guò)游泳池，盡量避開(kāi)接觸水，由此可知，作者是個(gè)謹(jǐn)慎的人；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Finally,Idecidedtogetaninstructor.Piecebypiece,Ipracticedhardandfinallyhebuiltaswimmer.(最后，我決定找個(gè)教練。我一點(diǎn)兒一點(diǎn)兒地努力練習(xí)，最后他塑造了一個(gè)游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員。)”可知，為了克服恐懼，學(xué)會(huì)游泳，作者找了一個(gè)教練教我，并且不斷地努力練習(xí)，最后成為了一個(gè)游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員，由此可知，作者是個(gè)勤奮的人。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ihadconqueredmyfearofwater.(我戰(zhàn)勝了自己對(duì)水的恐懼)”可知作者最終戰(zhàn)勝自己對(duì)水的恐懼，能夠自由游泳了。因此他想用自己的經(jīng)歷告訴我們要敢于面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)，才能贏得最終的成功。故選D項(xiàng)。CArobotaslargeasatruckmovesalongthebottomofthedeepsea.Iteatsmetallic(含金屬的)rockandsoftmud.Theytravelupalongpipetoaship,whereworkersandmachineryseparateouttherockandthrowthemudbackintotheocean.Thisisaminingoperation.Therockcontainsamixtureofmetals,includingonescalledrareearthmetals.Peopleusethesematerialstomakebatteriesandelectronicslikecomputersandphones.Deep-seamininghasn’thappenedyet.Butitprobablywilloccurwithinthenextdecade.Nocountryownsanypartofthedeepsea,soaUNorganizationcalledtheInternationalSeabedAuthority(ISA國(guó)際海底管理局)decideswhoisallowedtominethere.Ithasallowed29organizationstoexplorethedeepseaandmakeplansformining,oneofwhichplanstobeginminingintheyear2027.Scientistsandenvironmentalists,though,warnthatminingcoulddestroydeep-seaecosystem.In1989,ecologistHjalmarThielcarriedoutatest.HisteamsearchedtheseafloorofthePacificOcean,inaspotwithlotsofthemetallicrocksthatminerswanted.Theydidn’tactuallycollectanyoftherocks.Buttheydisturbedthemud,justasaminingoperationwould.Thecloudofmudfellbackdownovertheoceanfloorburyingcreatureslivingthere.Uptonow,theareatheydisturbedhasnotrecovered.Signsofthesearcharestillthere.Deepseacreatureslikespongesandcoralshavenotmovedbackin.Thatmeansminingcouldhaveharmful,long-lastingconsequencesfordeepoceanlife.Scientistswanttounderstandthedeepseabetterbeforedisturbingit.Leavingthedeepseaalonesoundsgreat,butpeopleneedthosemetals.“Minesonlandaresoongoingtorunout,”geologistStevenScoltoftheUniversityofTorontotoldSmithsonianMagazine.“Everyelectronicdeviceintheworldhasrareearthmetalsinit...weneedrawresources.”Newenergytechnologiesincludingsolarandwindpowerandelectriccarsrelyonthesemetalsaswell.Wemayneedtominethemfromtheseainordertoswitchtogreenerenergysources.8.Whyarobotisplacedatthebottomofthedeepsea?A.Totransportequipmenttotheship. B.Torestoredamagedoceanicecosystems.C.Toextractvaluablemetallicresourcesfromtheseabed. D.Totestunderwaterrobotictechnology.9.Whatdowelearnaboutdeep-seamining?A.Ithascausedterribledamagetooceanicecosystems.B.Allorganizationsarepermittedtoexplorethedeepsea.C.Itislikelytobeginwithinthenexttenyears.D.TheISAdirectlyorganizesdeep-seaminingoperations.10.WhatdidHjalmarThielfindinhistest?A.Thedeep-seaecosystemrecoveredrapidlyafterthetest.B.Thetestcausedlong-termdamagetothedeep-seaecosystem.C.Noecologicaldamagewasdetectedduringthetest.D.Deepseecreaturesadaptedquicklytotheeffectofthetest.11.WhatisStevenScolt’sattitudetowardsdeep-seamining?A.Objective. B.Indifferent. C.Disapproving. D.Supportive.【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了深海采礦作業(yè)給海洋環(huán)境帶來(lái)的危害和必要性。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thisisaminingoperation.Therockcontainsamixtureofmetals,includingonescalledrareearthmetals.Peopleusethesematerialstomakebatteriesandelectronicslikecomputersandphones.(這是一個(gè)采礦作業(yè)。這種巖石含有多種金屬，包括稀土金屬。人們用這些材料制造電池和電子產(chǎn)品，如電腦和電話)”可知，把機(jī)器人放在深海的底部是為了從海底提取有價(jià)值的金屬資源。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Deep-seamininghasn’thappenedyet.Butitprobablywilloccurwithinthenextdecade.(深海采礦還沒(méi)有發(fā)生。但這可能會(huì)在未來(lái)十年內(nèi)發(fā)生)”可知，深海采礦很可能在未來(lái)十年內(nèi)開(kāi)始。故選C。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Uptonow,theareatheydisturbedhasnotrecovered.Signsofthesearcharestillthere.Deepseacreatureslikespongesandcoralshavenotmovedbackin.Thatmeansminingcouldhaveharmful,long-lastingconsequencesfordeepoceanlife.Scientistswanttounderstandthedeepseabetterbeforedisturbingit.(到目前為止，他們擾亂的地區(qū)還沒(méi)有恢復(fù)。搜尋的跡象仍然存在。像海綿和珊瑚這樣的深海生物還沒(méi)有回來(lái)。這意味著采礦可能會(huì)對(duì)深海生物產(chǎn)生有害的、持久的影響。科學(xué)家們想在打擾深海之前更好地了解它)”可知，希爾在他的測(cè)試中發(fā)現(xiàn)該試驗(yàn)對(duì)深海生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成了長(zhǎng)期破壞。故選B?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Leavingthedeepseaalonesoundsgreat,butpeopleneedthosemetals.“Minesonlandaresoongoingtorunout,”geologistStevenScoltoftheUniversityofTorontotoldSmithsonianMagazine.“Everyelectronicdeviceintheworldhasrareearthmetalsinit...weneedrawresources.”(離開(kāi)深海聽(tīng)起來(lái)很棒，但人們需要這些金屬。多倫多大學(xué)的地質(zhì)學(xué)家史蒂文·斯考特告訴史密森尼雜志：“陸地上的礦很快就會(huì)耗盡。世界上每一個(gè)電子設(shè)備都含有稀土金屬……我們需要原材料?！?”可知，人們需要海底礦產(chǎn)資源，他認(rèn)為深海采礦是必要的，他對(duì)海底采礦是支持的。故選D。DAstudyfollowingnearly30,000olderadultsformorethan10yearshasfoundthatsixkeyhealthylifestylefactorscansignificantlyreducememorylossandthoseadultsengaginginbetweenfourandsixofthehealthylifestylebehaviorscoulddramaticallyreducetheirrisksofdevelopingdementia(癡呆),evenwhencarryinggenesthatincreasetheirrisksofAlzheimer’sdisease.“Sixhealthylifestyleaspectswereassessed:ahealthydiet,regularphysicalexercise,activesocialcontact,activecognitive(認(rèn)知的)activity,neversmoking,andneverdrinkingalcohol,”theresearchersexplainedinthenewstudy.Participantswereclassifiedintothefavorablegroupiftheyhadfourtosixhealthylifestylefactors,intotheaveragegroupfortwotothreefactors,andintotheunfavorablegroupforzerotoonefactor.Thestudyfoundthatpeoplewithfourtosixhealthyhabitshadamuchslowerlossofmemorythanthosewithfewerhealthyhabits.Peoplewiththesegoodhabitswerealsomuchlesslikelytogetdementiathanthosewithoneornohealthyhabits.Thosewhohadtwoorthreegoodhabitswere30%lesslikelytogetdementia.Thestudydidn’tfigureoutwhichofthesixhealthyhabitswasthebestforstoppingdementiaorwhichcombinationwasthebest.However,theinformationdidshowthateatinghealthyseemedtohelppreventmemorylossthemost,withbrainexerciseandregularphysicalexercisealsoveryhelpful.About20%ofthepeopleinthestudyhadagenethatmakesAlzheimer’sdiseasemorelikely.Evenso,havingseveralgoodhealthhabitshelpedslowdownmemoryloss.Thisshowsthatchanginghowwelivecanreallyhelp.Eventhougheachhealthhabithelpedinadifferentway,overall,thestudyfoundthatpeoplewithmoregoodhealthhabitshadmuchlessmemorylossthanthosewithfewergoodhabits.Thissuggeststhatthechoiceswemakeinhowwelivecanhelpprotectourmemory.Thestudyaddstotheevidencethatwemightbeabletochangeourriskofmemoryloss.12.Whatwerethegroupscategorizedbasedon?A.Theparticipants’age. B.Whathobbiestheparticipantsgotridof.C.Thehealthylifestylestheparticipantshad. D.Whattheparticipants’attitudestofactorswere.13.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?A.Thefavorablegroupwashappierthantheothertwo.B.Morehealthylifestyleswereofmorebenefittohealth.C.Healthyhabitshadlittleimpactonmemoryordementia.D.Peoplewithahealthydietwouldn’tsufferalossofmemory.14.Whichplaysthegreatestroleinreducingmemoryloss?A.Neverdrinkingalcohol. B.Regularphysicalexercise.C.Activecognitiveactivities. D.Ahealthydiet.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HealthyLifestylesSlowingMemoryLoss. B.AStudyMakingAGreatBreakthrough.C.AHealthyDietBeingTheBestLifestyle. D.OldAdultsSufferingFromHealthProblems.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了健康生活方式能顯著減緩老年人記憶力下降并降低癡呆風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Participantswereclassifiedintothefavorablegroupiftheyhadfourtosixhealthylifestylefactors,intotheaveragegroupfortwotothreefactors,andintotheunfavorablegroupforzerotoonefactor.(如果參與者有4到6個(gè)健康生活方式因素，則被歸類為有利組；有2到3個(gè)因素，則被歸類為平均組；有0到1個(gè)因素，則被歸類為不利組)”可知，這些組是根據(jù)參與者擁有的健康生活方式數(shù)量來(lái)分類的。故選C項(xiàng)。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thestudyfoundthatpeoplewithfourtosixhealthyhabitshadamuchslowerlossofmemorythanthosewithfewerhealthyhabits.Peoplewiththesegoodhabitswerealsomuchlesslikelytogetdementiathanthosewithoneornohealthyhabits.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，擁有4到6個(gè)健康習(xí)慣的人記憶力下降的速度比擁有較少健康習(xí)慣的人慢得多。擁有這些好習(xí)慣的人患癡呆癥的可能性也遠(yuǎn)低于那些只有一個(gè)或沒(méi)有健康習(xí)慣的人)”可知，擁有更多健康習(xí)慣的人記憶力下降速度慢，且患癡呆癥的可能性更低，由此可推知，更多的健康生活方式對(duì)健康更有益。故選B項(xiàng)。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“However,theinformationdidshowthateatinghealthyseemedtohelppreventmemorylossthemost,withbrainexerciseandregularphysicalexercisealsoveryhelpful.(然而，這些信息確實(shí)表明，健康飲食似乎最有助于防止記憶力下降，大腦鍛煉和定期體育鍛煉也非常有幫助)”可知，在減少記憶力下降方面，健康飲食起最大的作用。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Astudyfollowingnearly30,000olderadultsformorethan10yearshasfoundthatsixkeyhealthylifestylefactorscansignificantlyreducememorylossandthoseadultsengaginginbetweenfourandsixofthehealthylifestylebehaviorscoulddramaticallyreducetheirrisksofdevelopingdementia,evenwhencarryinggenesthatincreasetheirrisksofAlzheimer’sdisease.(一項(xiàng)對(duì)近3萬(wàn)名老年人進(jìn)行了10多年跟蹤研究的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，六個(gè)關(guān)鍵的健康生活方式因素可以顯著減少記憶力下降，而那些有4到6個(gè)健康生活方式行為的成年人可以大大降低他們患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，即使他們攜帶了增加阿爾茨海默病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的基因)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了健康生活方式能顯著減緩老年人記憶力下降并降低癡呆風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，所以“健康的生活方式減緩記憶力減退”適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）ClimateChangeCausesDamagetoSmallFarmsAnewstudysaysthespeedandseverityofclimatechangecouldcausemajordamagetosmallAfricanfarms.Thesefarmersarealreadystrugglingtodealwiththeeffectsofclimatechange.ThestudywasreleasedattheAfricanGreenRevolutionForuminAddisAbabalastmonth.Itiscalledthe2014AfricanAgricultureStatusReport.“____16____About70percentoftheruralpopulationinsub-SaharanAfricaaresmall-scalefarmers.Theyproduceabout80percentofthefoodneedinAfrica,”saidAmeyaw,aleadproducerofthereport.____17____Climatechangemaybeimpactingsomefarmersmorethanothers.Scientistshavefoundthatsmall-scalefamilyfarmersacrossAfricaarebeingoverwhelmed(壓垮)withtheimpactandseverityofclimatechange.Small-scalefarmersgrowmostofthecropsinAfricaonfieldsthatareusuallyfrom2to10hectares(公頃).____18____InAfricancountries,farmersproduceaboutone-point-fivetonsofcereal(谷物)fromeachhectare.Farmersinmanyothercountriesproducemorethanfivetonsperhectare.Mr.Ameyawsaysthereareseveralreasonsforthisdifference.“____19____Weatherisrainfall.Weatherisdrought.Weatherisanincreaseintemperature.Theyaremoreexposedtotheseclimateeffectsthananyotherpartoftheworld.Ontopofthatmostofthemusetheirownlabororfamilylabor.Theyarenotmechanized,”hesaid.Climatechangeisalsoexpectedtoaffecttheaveragelengthofthegrowingseason.Thiscouldcontinuetoreducethealreadylowamountofcropsthatcomefromeachhectare.Mr.AmeyawsaysexpertsareurgingAfricanfarmerstoreducetheeffectsofclimatechangewithaprogramcalledClimateSmartAgriculture.____20____“Wearetalkingaboutfarmersbeingabletoadoptnutrient-enrichingtechnologytoimprovetheirsoilfertility,”Ameyawsaid.A.Theprogramincludeswaystoimproveandcareforsoil.B.Small-scalefarmersarethebackboneofAfricanagriculture.C.ThismajorriseintemperaturebringsalotofissuestoAfricanfoodsecurity.D.Small-scalefarmersinAfricaaremuchlessproductivethanthoseinothercontinents.E.ThereisagreatpossibilityforagriculturalgrowthinAfricaledbysmall-scalefarmers.F.About90-percentofthesefarmsarerain-fed,whichmeansthattheydependontheweather.G.However,theyarealsothegreatestvictimsofclimatechange.【答案】16.B17.G18.D19.F20.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了氣候變化對(duì)非洲小農(nóng)場(chǎng)的嚴(yán)重影響及其原因。【16題詳析】下文“About70percentoftheruralpopulationinsub-SaharanAfricaaresmall-scalefarmers.Theyproduceabout80percentofthefoodneedinAfrica,”saidAmeyaw,aleadproducerofthereport.(該報(bào)告的主要作者Ameyaw說(shuō)：“撒哈拉以南非洲約70%的農(nóng)村人口是小規(guī)模農(nóng)民。他們生產(chǎn)了非洲約80%的糧食需求?！?”強(qiáng)調(diào)小規(guī)模農(nóng)民在非洲農(nóng)業(yè)中的重要地位，B選項(xiàng)中Small-scalefarmers是關(guān)鍵詞，B項(xiàng)“小規(guī)模農(nóng)民是非洲農(nóng)業(yè)的中堅(jiān)力量?！蹦軌蛞鱿挛模险Z(yǔ)境，故選B?！?7題詳析】上文“About70percentoftheruralpopulationinsub-SaharanAfricaaresmall-scalefarmers.Theyproduceabout80percentofthefoodneedinAfrica,”saidAmeyaw,aleadproducerofthereport.(該報(bào)告的主要作者Ameyaw說(shuō)：“撒哈拉以南非洲約70%的農(nóng)村人口是小規(guī)模農(nóng)民。他們生產(chǎn)了非洲約80%的糧食需求。”)”強(qiáng)調(diào)小規(guī)模農(nóng)民在非洲農(nóng)業(yè)中的重要地位，下文“Climatechangemaybeimpactingsomefarmersmorethanothers.(氣候變化可能對(duì)一些農(nóng)民的影響比其他農(nóng)民更大。)”說(shuō)明小規(guī)模農(nóng)民雖然重要，但也面臨著氣候變化的挑戰(zhàn)，G選項(xiàng)中they指代上文提及的small-scalefarmers，G項(xiàng)“然而，他們也是氣候變化的最大受害者。”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?8題詳析】下文“InAfricancountries,farmersproduceaboutone-point-fivetonsofcereal(谷物)fromeachhectare.(在非洲國(guó)家，農(nóng)民每公頃生產(chǎn)約1.5噸谷物，而在許多其他國(guó)家，農(nóng)民每公頃生產(chǎn)超過(guò)5噸。)”在對(duì)比非洲與其他國(guó)家農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)力，D選項(xiàng)“非洲的小規(guī)模農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)力遠(yuǎn)低于其他大陸的小規(guī)模農(nóng)民。”說(shuō)明非洲的小規(guī)模農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)力低，能夠引出下文的具體數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比，符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?9題詳析】下文“Weatherisrainfall.Weatherisdrought.Weatherisanincreaseintemperature.Theyaremoreexposedtotheseclimateeffectsthananyotherpartoftheworld.(天氣就是降雨，天氣就是干旱，天氣就是氣溫上升，他們比其他任何地區(qū)都更容易受到這些氣候影響。)”在強(qiáng)調(diào)非洲小規(guī)模農(nóng)民面臨的氣候問(wèn)題，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“這些農(nóng)場(chǎng)中約90%是靠雨水灌溉的，這意味著它們依賴于天氣?！蹦軌蛞鱿挛膶?duì)氣候問(wèn)題的具體描述，因?yàn)橐蕾囂鞖馑愿菀资艿綒夂蛴绊?，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)引出下文，符合題意，故選F?！?0題詳析】上文“Mr.AmeyawsaysexpertsareurgingAfricanfarmerstoreducetheeffectsofclimatechangewithaprogramcalledClimateSmartAgriculture.(Ameyaw先生說(shuō)，專家們正在敦促非洲農(nóng)民通過(guò)一個(gè)名為‘氣候智能農(nóng)業(yè)’的項(xiàng)目來(lái)減少氣候變化的影響。)”提到了“氣候智能農(nóng)業(yè)”項(xiàng)目，A選項(xiàng)“該項(xiàng)目包括改善和護(hù)理土壤的方法。”進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明了該項(xiàng)目的內(nèi)容，與上文緊密相關(guān)，符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。MydaughterAlexhadtalentforacting.WhenshewasacceptedintoNewYorkUniversity’smusicaltheaterprogram,I___21___thedressI’dweartoherBroadwaydebut(首秀).Butthenshedecidedtobeaexerciseinstructor.Itwas___22___formetounderstandit.“Ithought___23___atgymswasjusttopaythebillsuntilyouhadyourgoodluck,wasn’tit?”IaskedwhenAlex___24___herfull-timejobatagymcalledEquinoxinNewYorkCity.“Actingwasmychildhooddream,”sheexplained.“Iloved___25___,butmyadultselfwantstohelppeople___26___.”EvenafterAlexearnedherpersonaltrainingcertification,Istillcouldn’taccepther___27___.Inthespringof2020,NewYork’sgymswereclosed,andAlexreturnedtoRichmondinajoblessstate.My___28___ofherworkingonanactingwebsitewasrejected.Instead,shelaunchedonlineexerciseclassesandroundedupclientsusingsocialmedia.Her___29___tookoff,andourhousebecamehervirtualstudiountilshereturnedtoManhattaninAugust2020.OnedayIsignedupforherprivatesessions.Inbetweenmytraining,Iasked,“Whatareyoudoingtofindarealjob?”Alexpointedtoherwaist,___30___myposture.“Mom,thisismy___31___.I’mgrowingabusiness.”Andshewas.Soonshewasmakingmorethanwhatsheeverdidingymsandhadtotal___32___ofherschedule.Iwasoneofthemanywho___33___fromherpatientencouragement.Overtime,mylower-backpaindisappearedandIcouldliftaheavybox___34___.Throughmytraining,Ilearnedsheknewtheright___35___forher.21.A.bought B.withdrew C.pictured D.treasured22.A.vital B.hard C.inspiring D.touching23.A.exercising B.hanging C.struggling D.teaching24.A.announced B.quit C.changed D.rejected25.A.training B.trying C.performing D.socializing26.A.polite B.healthy C.positive D.ambitious27.A.proposal B.progress C.refusal D.decision28.A.suggestion B.opportunity C.knowledge D.dream29.A.profession B.business C.research D.organization30.A.spotting B.describing C.correcting D.appreciating31.A.job B.hobby C.program D.instruction32.A.lack B.ignorance C.control D.understanding33.A.escaped B.benefited C.resulted D.grew34.A.exactly B.extremely C.slightly D.easily35.A.method B.person C.path D.lesson【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.C26.B27.D28.A29.B30.C31.A32.C33.B34.D35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是記敘文。講述了作者女兒Alex從熱愛(ài)表演到選擇成為健身教練的職業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)變，以及作者對(duì)這一轉(zhuǎn)變從最初的不理解到后來(lái)的接受和認(rèn)可的過(guò)程?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她被紐約大學(xué)（NewYorkUniversity）的音樂(lè)劇專業(yè)錄取時(shí)，我想象著我在她百老匯首演時(shí)穿的裙子。A.bought購(gòu)買；B.withdrew撤回；C.pictured想象；D.treasured珍惜。根據(jù)前文“MydaughterAlexhadtalentforacting.WhenshewasacceptedintoNewYorkUniversity’smusicaltheaterprogram”可知，作者的女兒有表演天賦，所以當(dāng)她被紐約大學(xué)的音樂(lè)劇專業(yè)錄取時(shí)，作者開(kāi)始想象在她百老匯首演時(shí)穿的裙子了。故選C項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)很難理解。A.vital至關(guān)重要的；B.hard困難的；C.inspiring鼓舞人心的；D.touching感人的。根據(jù)前文“MydaughterAlexhadtalentforacting.WhenshewasacceptedintoNewYorkUniversity’smusicaltheaterprogram”以及“Butthenshedecidedtobeatheaterinstructor.”可知，作者的女兒有表演天賦被紐約大學(xué)的音樂(lè)劇專業(yè)錄取，但后來(lái)她決定成為一名運(yùn)動(dòng)教練，所以讓作者很難理解。故選B項(xiàng)。【23題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我以為在健身房教學(xué)只是為了支付賬單，直到你運(yùn)氣好，不是嗎？”當(dāng)亞歷克斯宣布她在紐約市一家名為Equinox的健身房全職工作時(shí)，我問(wèn)道。A.exercising鍛煉；B.hanging懸掛；C.struggling掙扎；D.teaching教學(xué)。根據(jù)前文“Butthenshedecidedtobeaexerciseinstructor.”可知，女兒成為了一名運(yùn)動(dòng)教練，所以是在健身房教學(xué)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我以為在健身房教學(xué)只是為了支付賬單，直到你運(yùn)氣好，不是嗎？”當(dāng)亞歷克斯宣布她在紐約市一家名為Equinox的健身房全職工作時(shí)，我問(wèn)道。A.announced宣布；B.quit放棄；C.changed改變；D.rejected拒絕。根據(jù)后文“herfull-timejobatagymcalledEquinoxinNewYorkCity.”可知，此處應(yīng)是女兒宣布她在紐約市一家名為Equinox的健身房全職工作。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“演戲是我兒時(shí)的夢(mèng)想，”她解釋道?！拔蚁矚g表演，但成年后的我想幫助人們保持健康。”A.training訓(xùn)練；B.trying嘗試；C.performing表演；D.socializing社交。根據(jù)前文“Actingwasmychildhooddream”可知，女兒小時(shí)候喜歡表演。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“演戲是我兒時(shí)的夢(mèng)想，”她解釋道。“我喜歡表演，但成年后的我想幫助人們保持健康?！盇.polite禮貌的；B.healthy健康的；C.positive積極的；D.ambitious有野心的。根據(jù)前文“Butthenshedecidedtobeaexerciseinstructor.”可知，女兒現(xiàn)在是運(yùn)動(dòng)教練，所以是幫助人們保持健康。故選B項(xiàng)。【27題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：即使在亞歷克斯獲得了個(gè)人培訓(xùn)證書(shū)之后，我仍然不能接受她的決定。A.proposal提議；B.progress進(jìn)步；C.refusal拒絕；D.decision決定。根據(jù)前文“Butthenshedecidedtobea

exercise

instructor.

Itwasformetounderstand”以及“EvenafterAlexearnedherpersonaltrainingcertification”可知，作者不能接受作者的決定，即使女兒獲得了個(gè)人培訓(xùn)證書(shū)。故選D項(xiàng)。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我建議她在一個(gè)表演網(wǎng)站工作，但被拒絕了。A.suggestion建議；B.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)；C.knowledge知識(shí)；D.dream夢(mèng)想。根據(jù)后文“wasrejected”可知，應(yīng)是作者給女兒的建議被拒絕，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。【29題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的生意騰飛了，我們的房子成了她的虛擬工作室，直到她在2020年8月回到曼哈頓。A.profession職業(yè)；B.business商業(yè)；C.research研究；D.organization組織。根據(jù)后文“ourhousebecamehervirtualstudiountilshereturnedtoManhattaninAugust2020.”可知，作者的房子成為女兒的虛擬工作室，所以是女兒的事業(yè)起飛了。故選B項(xiàng)。【30題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：亞歷克斯指著她的腰，糾正我的姿勢(shì)。A.spotting發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.describing描述；C.correcting糾正；D.appreciating欣賞。根據(jù)前文“OnedayIsignedupforherprivatesessions.”可知，作者報(bào)名參加了女兒的私人課程，所以此處是女兒糾正作者的姿勢(shì)。故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：媽媽，這是我的工作。我在發(fā)展自己的事業(yè)。A.job工作；B.hobby愛(ài)好；C.program項(xiàng)目；D.instruction指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)前文“Whatareyoudoingtofindarealjob?”可知，作者在問(wèn)女兒打算怎么找一份真正的工作，此處是女兒的回答，糾正學(xué)員的動(dòng)作，這就是她的工作。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，她掙的錢比她在健身房做的還多，而且完全控制了自己的日程安排。A.lack缺乏；B.ignorance無(wú)知；C.control控制；D.understanding理解。根據(jù)前文“Soonshewasmakingmorethanwhatsheeverdidingyms”以及后文“herschedule”可知，女兒的事業(yè)很成功，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，此處是“控制了自己的日程安排”之意，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。【33題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我是受益于她耐心鼓勵(lì)的許多人之一。A.escaped逃脫；B.benefited受益；C.resulted導(dǎo)致；D.grew成長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)后文“Overtime,mylower-backpaindisappearedandIcouldliftaheavybox”可知，作者從女兒的耐心鼓勵(lì)中受益。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，我的腰痛消失了，我可以輕松地舉起一個(gè)沉重的箱子。A.exactly精確地；B.extremely極其；C.slightly輕微地；D.easily容易地。根據(jù)前文“Overtime,mylower-backpaindisappearedandIcouldliftaheavybox”可知，作者的腰痛消失了，所以可以輕松地舉起一個(gè)沉重的箱子。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通過(guò)我的培訓(xùn)過(guò)程，我了解到她清楚自己該走的正確道路。A.method方法；B.person人；C.path路徑；D.lesson課程。根據(jù)前文“Butthenshedecidedtobea

exercise

instructor.

”，“butmyadultselfwantstohelppeople

.”以及“Iwasoneofthemanywhofromherpatientencouragement.”可知，作者也從女兒的工作中受益，開(kāi)始明白女兒清楚自己該走的正確道路。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。QiBaishiisoneofthe____36____(famous)paintersinChina.Heachievedsuccessbycombiningtalentwithhardwork.Hewashonoredwiththetitle“People’sArtist”in1953.Qi’spaintingstouchon____37____(vary)subjects.Thegeneralpublicaremostimpressedbyhiscreationsofaquaticlifelikeshrimps,crabsandfish.Peoplealsolovehispaintingsofflowersandvegetables,____38____indicatewishesfor____39____(prosperous)andharvests.Theseworksalsoremindthemofthecountrysideandoftheirhometowns.AnothercommonsubjectinQi’sartisthedove,____40____(show)hiswishforw