法理翻譯常用詞匯-4

普通法學(xué)generaljurisprudence強(qiáng)制辦法coercivemethod強(qiáng)制規(guī)定mandatoryprovisions強(qiáng)制性法規(guī)mandatoryruleoflaw強(qiáng)制性條款mandatoryterm侵犯財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)propertytorts侵權(quán)行為法tortlaw侵權(quán)責(zé)任tortiousliability清理法規(guī)checkuplawsandregulations區(qū)域性法律體系regionalsystemoflaws取證obtainevidence確權(quán)之訴affirmativepetitoryaction;causeforownershipaffirmation確認(rèn)之訴actionforconfirmation;actioconfessoria權(quán)威解釋authenticinterpretation人法humanlaw,statutepersonalia人格減等capitisdeminutio人身不可侵犯inviolabilityoftheperson人身非財(cái)產(chǎn)關(guān)系personalnon-propertyrelations人身關(guān)系personalrelation任意解釋arbitraryinterpretation《日耳曼法》Germaniclaw柔性憲法flexibleconstitution三權(quán)分立separationofpowers善意推定presumptionofgoodfaith商法commerciallaw商法典codeofcommerce社會(huì)法學(xué)sociologicaljurisprudence社會(huì)關(guān)系socialrelations社會(huì)規(guī)范socialregulation社會(huì)連帶主義法學(xué)socialsolidarismjurisprudence社會(huì)契約論theoryofsocialcontract社會(huì)團(tuán)體：socialorganization社會(huì)主義法學(xué)socialistjurisprudence社會(huì)主義法制socialistlegalsystem;socialistruleoflaw神法divinelaw神權(quán)說(shuō)theoryofdivineright審查制度censorship;inspectionsystem審計(jì)監(jiān)督supervisethroughauditing審計(jì)監(jiān)督權(quán)powertosupervisethroughauditing生效條款operativeclause失效法律expiredlaws失效日expirydate施行細(xì)則implementaryprovisions實(shí)證主義法學(xué)派thepositivistschool《十二表法》TwelveTables實(shí)體法materiallaw;substantiallaw實(shí)體法上的抗辯substantialdefense實(shí)體權(quán)利substantiveright實(shí)用主義法學(xué)judicialpragmaticism實(shí)在法positivelaw實(shí)在法學(xué)positivejurisprudence實(shí)在法學(xué)派positivist實(shí)在主義法學(xué)positivistjurisprudence實(shí)證法學(xué)positivejurisprudence實(shí)質(zhì)條款materialstipulation實(shí)質(zhì)性的瑕疵defectofsubstance實(shí)質(zhì)性解釋materialinterpretation事實(shí)的推定presumptionoffact事業(yè)單位：institution適用法律referencetothelaw;applicablelaw適用范圍areaofapplication;sphereofapplication適用中國(guó)法律：begovernedbythelawofPRC(ThelawofPRCshallapplyto)溯及既往原則doctrineofretroactivity溯及力retrospect;retrospectiveeffect損害賠償damages梭倫Solon彈性憲法elasticconstitution特別程序specialprocedure特別但書(shū)specialproviso特別法speciallaw特殊主體specialsubject提案motion;overture;proposal提出抗辯raiseaplea;raiseaplead條約法lawoftreaties同態(tài)復(fù)仇retaliation推定合法presumptionoflegality停止生效ceasetohaveeffect外國(guó)法foreignlaw外國(guó)法制史foreignlegalhistory外國(guó)人待遇foreignertreatment完全民事權(quán)利能力：fullcapacityforcivilconduct完全喪失行為能力的人personentirelyincapableoflegaltransaction完全無(wú)行為能力absolutedisability萬(wàn)民法jusgentium違法構(gòu)成要件essentialconditionofdelict違憲violationofconstitution烏爾比安Ulpianus無(wú)國(guó)籍人：statelesspersons無(wú)條件解釋unconditionalinterpretation無(wú)效的法律voidlaw無(wú)效法律行為voidact;actwithoutlegaleffect物權(quán)property西塞羅MarcusTulliusCicero習(xí)慣法customlaw細(xì)則detailedrulesandregulations;detailsby-laws狹義解釋narrowdefinition下文另有規(guī)定者除外exceptashereinafterprovided先決條件precedentcondition;prerequisite現(xiàn)實(shí)主義法學(xué)realismjurisprudence現(xiàn)行法律currentlaw;existinglaw限制解釋restrictiveinterpretation憲法的解釋interpretationofconstitution憲法修正案constitutionamendment憲法學(xué)constitutionaljurisprudence相對(duì)主義法學(xué)relativistjurisprudence新分析法學(xué)newanalyticaljurisprudence新律NewLaw,Novellae行為規(guī)范codeofconduct學(xué)說(shuō)編纂thePandekta形式主義法學(xué)formalistjurisprudence亞里士多德Aristotle嚴(yán)格解釋strictinterpretation嚴(yán)重不法行為aggravatedmisconduct;grossmisbehavior嚴(yán)重違法breakthelawonaseriousscale要件importantcondition;essentialcondition一般客體generalobject一般權(quán)利能力generallegalcapacity一般主體generalsubject一事不再理的保證guaranteeagainstdoublejeorpardy依法辦案handlecasesaccordingtolaw依法獨(dú)立行使職權(quán)independentexerciseofpowerswithintheframeworkofthelaw依照法律的規(guī)定asprescribedbylaw以法律為準(zhǔn)繩takelawasthecriterion依法治國(guó)genuineruleoflaw;runningthecountryaccordingtolaw義務(wù)性規(guī)范obligatoryrule義務(wù)主體subjectofduty英美法系A(chǔ)nglo-AmericanLegalSystem永恒法eternallaw優(yōu)士丁尼法典theCodexJustinianus優(yōu)士丁尼皇帝Justinian《優(yōu)士丁尼民法大全》（《國(guó)法大全》）CorpusJurisCivilis有法必依ensurethatlawsareobserved有法律約束力legallybinding有條件解釋conditionalinterpretation有效期間timeofeffect;termofvalidity與法律規(guī)定不符againsttheformsofthestatute與法律相抵觸的行為actgoingagainstthelaw域外效力extraterritorialeffect援引法律條文invokealegalprovision（古羅馬的）元老院theSenate約束力binding;bindingeffect在法律的范圍內(nèi)withinthelaw暫行條例interimregulations;provisionalregulation整體法學(xué)integrativejurisprudence正當(dāng)權(quán)益justifiedrights;legitimateinterests正式解釋officialinterpretation正式淵源formalsource政法學(xué)院instituteofpoliticalscienceandlaw知法犯法deliberatelybreakthelaw執(zhí)法必嚴(yán)ensurethatlaw’enforcementbestrict執(zhí)法人員lawenforcementofficials執(zhí)行權(quán)enforcementpower直接故意actualintent;directintent直接后果immediateconsequence直接客體directobject直接主體directsubject制定法statute制憲權(quán)constituentpower治外法權(quán)extraterritoriality;extraterritorialjurisdiction中端時(shí)效interrupttherunningofthestatuteoflimitation中國(guó)大陸的法律lawofChina’mainland中國(guó)法制Chineselegalsystem中國(guó)法制史Chineselegalhistory中國(guó)特色的社會(huì)主義法制socialistlegalsystemwithChinesecharacter中華法系Chineselegalsystem主要法律體系p