建筑結構專業(yè)詞匯2

STRUCTURE結構專業(yè)

a.Load荷載

拔力pullingforce

標準值standardvalue

殘余應力residualstress

沖擊荷載impactload,punchload

殘余變形residualdeflection

承壓bearing

承載能力bearingcapacity

承重bearing,loadbearing

承重結構bearingstructure

脆性材料brittlematerial

脆性破壞brittlefailure

抵抗力resistingpower,resistance

吊車荷載craneload

分布荷載distributedload

風荷載windload

風速windvelocity,windspeed

風壓windpressure

風振windvibration

浮力buoyance,floatage

符號symbol,mark

負彎矩negativemoment,hoggingmoment

附加荷載additionalload

附加應力additionalstress

副作用sideeffect,by-effect

剛度rigidity

剛度比ratioofrigidity

剛度系數rigidityfactor

剛接rigidconnection

剛性節(jié)點rigidjoint

恒載deadload

荷載傳遞transmissionofload

固端彎矩fixed-endmoment

活荷載liveload

積灰荷載dustload

集中荷載concentratedload

加載,加荷loading

剪力shear,shearingforce

剪切破壞shearfailure

剪應變shearstrain

剪應力shearstress

簡支simplesupport

靜定結構staticallydeterminatestructure

截面模量modulusofsection,

sectionmodulus

靜力staticforce

靜力分析staticanalysis

局部壓力localpressure,partialpressure

局部壓屈localbulkling

絕對值absolutevalue

均布荷載uniformlydistributedload

抗拔力pullingresistance

抗剪剛度shearrigidity

抗剪強度shearstrength,shearingstrength

抗拉強度tensilestrength

抗扭torsionresistance

抗扭剛度torsionalrigidity

抗彎bendingresistance

抗彎剛度bendingrigidity

抗壓強度compressivestrength,

compressionstrength

可靠性reliability

可靠性設計reliabilitydesign

拉力tensileforce

拉應力tensilestress,tensionstress

拉應變tensilestrain,tensionstrain

臨界點criticalpoint

臨界荷載criticalload

臨界應力criticalstress

密度density

離心力centrifugalforce

摩擦力frictionforce

摩擦系數frictionalfactor

撓度deflection

內力internalforce,innerforce

扭矩momentoftorsion,torsionalmoment

疲勞強度fatiguestrength

偏心荷載eccentricload,non-centralload

偏心距eccentricdistance,eccentricity

偏心受拉eccentrictension

偏心受壓eccentriccompression

屈服強度yieldstrength

使用荷載workingload

水平力horizontalforce

水平推力horizontalthrust

彈塑性變形elastoplasticdeformation

彈性elasticity,resilience,spring

塑限plasticlimit

彈性變形elasticdeformation

塑性變形plasticdeformation

彈性模量modulusofelastic,

elasticmodulus

體積volume,bulk,cubature,cubage

土壓力earthpressure,soilpressure

彎矩bendingmoment,moment

彎曲半徑radiusatbent,radiusofcurve

位移displacement

溫度應力temperaturestress

溫度作用temperatureaction

系數coefficient,factor

雪荷載snowload

壓應變compressionstrain

壓應力compressionstress

應力集中concentrationofstress

預應力prestressingforce,prestress

振動荷載vibratingload,rackingload

支座反力supportreaction

自重ownweight

作用action,effect

作用點pointofapplication,applicationjoint

b.GroundBaseandFoundation

地基及基礎

板樁sheetpile,sheetingpile

板樁基礎sheetpilefoundation

飽和粘土saturationclay

冰凍線frostline,freezinglevel

不均勻沉降

unequalsettlement,differentialsettlement

殘積土residualsoil

沉積物deposit,sediment

沉降settlement

沉降差differenceinsettlement

沉降縫settlementjoint

沉井sinkingwell,sunkwell

沉箱caisson

持力層bearingstratum

沖積alluviation

錘夯hammertamping

檔土墻retainingwall,breastwall

底板baseslab,baseplate,bedplate

地板floorboard

地基groundbase,ground

地基承載力groundbearingcapacity

地基處理groundtreatment,soiltreatment

地基穩(wěn)定basestabilization

地梁groundbeam,groundsill

地漏floordrain

地下工程substructurework,

understructurework

地下室basement,cellar

地下水groundwater

地下水位groundwaterlevel,watertable

地下水壓力groundwaterpressure

地質報告geologicreport

墊層bedding,blinding

獨立基礎

isolatedfoundation,individualfoundation

端承樁end-bearingpile

筏式基礎raftfoundation

粉砂silt,rockflour

粉質粘土siltyclay

粉質土siltysoil

扶壁式檔土墻buttressedretainingwall

腐蝕corrosion

覆土earthcovering

剛性基礎rigidfoundation

溝蓋板trenchcover

固結consolidation

灌注樁cast-in-placepile,castinsitepile

護坡slopeprotection,revetment

護樁guardpile

環(huán)墻ringwall

灰土limeearth

回填backfill,backfilling

回填土backfill,backfillsoil

混凝土找平層concretescreed

火山灰水泥trasscement

基槽foundationtrench

基礎foundation,base

基礎底板foundationslab

基礎埋深embeddeddepthoffoundation

基礎平面圖foundationplan

地基勘探siteexploration,siteinvestigation

基坑foundationpit

集水坑collectingsump

階形基礎steppedfoundation

結合層bindingcourse,bondingcourse

井點wellpoint

井點排水wellpointunwatering

開挖excavation,cutting

勘測explorationandsurvey

勘測資料explorationdata

瀝青bitumen,asphalt,pitch

聯(lián)合基礎combinedfoundation

卵石cobble,pebble

埋置embedment

毛石基礎rubblefoundation

錨筋anchorbar

錨樁anchorpile

密實度compactness,density,denseness

摩擦樁frictionpile,floatingpile

粘土clay

粘質粉土claysilt

碾壓rollercompaction,rolling

排水drainage,dewatering

排水溝drainageditch

排水孔weephole,drainhole

排水設備dewateringequipment

普通硅酸鹽水泥ordinaryPortlandcement

群樁groupedpiles

容許沉降permissiblesettlement

容許承載力allowablebearing

軟土softsoil

砂墊層sandbeddingcourse,sandcushion

砂土sandysoil,sands

砂質粉土sandysilt

設備基礎equipmentfoundation

水泥攪拌樁cementinjection

素土夯實rammedearth,packedsoil

碎石樁stonecolumns

彈性地基elasticfoundation

彈性地基梁beamonelasticfoundation

填方fill,filling

填土earth-fill,earthfilling,filling

條形基礎stripfoundation

土方工程earthwork

挖方excavationwork,excavation

箱形基礎boxfoundation

壓實compaction,compacting

壓實系數compactingfactor

驗槽checkoffoundationsubsoil

預制混凝土樁precastconcretepile

中砂mediumsand

重力式檔土墻gravityretainingwall

樁承臺pilecap

鉆孔樁boredpile

鉆探explorationdrilling,drilling,

最終沉降finalsettlement

c.ReinforcementConcreteStructure鋼筋混凝土結構

板縫slabjoint

板厚thicknessofslab

板式樓梯crankedslabstairs

板跨度spanofslab

薄壁結構thin-walledstructure

薄腹梁thinweddedgirder

保護層protectivecoating

臂式吊車boomcrane,boomhoist

邊梁edgebeam,boundarybeam

變截面variablecross-section

變形縫movementjoint

變形鋼筋deformedbar

初凝initialsetting,pre-setting

次梁secondarybeam

大型屋面板precastribbedroofslab

單層廠房one-storiedfactory

單筋梁beamwithsinglereinforcement

單跨singlespan

單向板one-wayslab

墊塊cushionblock

墊梁templatebeam

吊車梁cranebeam,cranegirder

頂棚抹灰ceilingplastering

端跨endspan,tailbay

多跨連續(xù)梁multi-spanbeam

翻邊upstand

反梁upstandbeam

分布鋼筋distribution-bar

封閉式箍筋closedstirrup

附加鋼筋additionalbar

剛架rigidframe,stiffframe

鋼筋reinforcement,steelbar,bar

鋼筋表BarSchedules

鋼筋籠steelreinforcementcage

鋼筋間距spacingofbars,barspacing

鋼筋網bar-matreinforcement,

meshreinforcement

鋼筋磚reinforcedbrick

勾縫jointpointing

構架frame,gallows

構件member,structuralmember

構造construction

構造鋼筋constructionalreinforcement

構造柱onstructionalcolumn,tiecolumn

構筑物structure

箍筋hoopreinforcement,hooping

箍筋間距stirrupspacing

固定端fixedend,retainedend

固端梁fixed-endbeam,fixedbeam

過梁lintel,breastsummer

混凝土強度等級gradeofconcrete

機制磚machine-madebrick

剪力墻shearwall

簡支梁simplysupportedbeam

經濟跨度economicspan

經濟配筋率economicratioofreinforcement

勁性鋼筋stiffreinforcement

勁性鋼筋混凝土結構

steelcompositeconstruction

徑向鋼筋radialreinforcement

抗剪鋼筋shearreinforcement

抗拉鋼筋tensionreinforcement

受壓鋼筋compressionreinforcement

可見裂縫visiblecrack

刻痕鋼絲indentedsteelwire

坑pit,hollow,delve

空斗墻rowlockcavitywall,rolockwall

空心板hollowslab

空心磚隔墻hollowtilepartition

跨度span

框架frame

框架剪力墻結構frame-shearwallstructure

拉接鋼筋tiebar

欄桿railing,banister

欄桿立柱railingpost

老化aging

累積誤差accumulatederror

肋形樓板ribbedfloorslab

冷拔低碳鋼絲cold-drawnlow-carbonwire

冷脆性coldshortness,coolingbrittleness

冷彎coldbending

冷軋coldrolling

離析segregation

梁墊beampad,template,pad

梁撓度beamdeflection

樓梯斜梁string,stringer

螺旋樓梯spiralstair,windingstaircase

馬鞍形殼saddleshell

錨固anchoring

門框,門樘doorframe

門式剛架portalframe

面磚,墻面磚facingtile,walltile

耐火混凝土fire-resistingconcrete

排架bent,bentframe

女兒墻parapetwall,parapet

配筋率reinforcementratio

配箍率stirrupratio

砌塊block

圈梁ringbeam,tiebeam,bondbeam

山墻gable

深梁deepbeam

伸縮縫expansionjoint

實腹梁solidwebgirder

實腹柱solidwebcolumn

豎向鋼筋verticalreinforcement

雙向配筋two-wayreinforcement

素混凝土plainconcrete

筒中筒結構tube-in-tubestructure

網狀鋼筋steelmeshreinforcement

圍堰cofferdam,coffer

無梁樓蓋flatslab,flatplate系梁tiebeam

預應力鋼筋混凝土

prestressedreinforcedconcrete

預應力構件prestressedcomponent

預制prefabrication

預制板precastslab

預制構件prefabricationcomponent

預制裝配式結構prefabricatedconstruction

折板foldedplate,foldedslab

折板結構folded-platestructure

主筋mainreinforcement,mainbar

主梁mainbeam,girder

柱距columnspacing,postspacing

裝配式結構fabricatedstructure

縱梁longitudinalbeam

縱剖面longitudinalsection

縱向鋼筋longitudinalbar

d.SteelStructure鋼結構

薄壁型鋼light-gaugesteelsection,

hollowsteelsection

不等肢角鋼unequalanglesteel

槽鋼channel,channelsteel

背對背角鋼組合anglesbacktoback

不銹鋼stainlesssteel

除銹rust-removal

粗制螺栓roughbolt,blackbolt

帶鋼stripsteel,bandiron

單面焊singleweld,one-sidewelding

地腳螺栓foundationbolt,anchorbolt,

holdingdownbolt

點焊spotwelding,pointwelding

電動葫蘆electrichoist

等邊角鋼equalangle,equallegangle

對接焊,對焊buttwelding

腹板webplate,web

腹桿webmember

腹板加勁件webstiffener

桿rod,bar

鋼板steelplate

鋼管steeltube,steelpipe

鋼桁架steeltruss

鋼框架steelframe

鋼梯,爬梯steelladder

高強度螺栓highstrengthbolt

格構柱latticecolumn

工字梁I-girder,I-beam

工字鋼I-steel

工字形截面I-shapedcross-section

焊縫weldingseam

焊接welding

焊接長度weldlength

焊條weldingrod

桁架truss

紅丹底漆redleadprimer

紅丹漆redleadpaint

加勁肋stiffeningrib,ribstiffener

加勁板stiffeningplate

角鋼anglesteel

節(jié)點joint,node

節(jié)點板gussetplate,gusset

節(jié)點位移jointdisplacement

節(jié)間長度panellength

緊固螺栓clampbolt,fasteningbolt

精制螺栓turnedbolt

可焊性weldability

空腹桁架open-webtruss

空間桁架spacetruss

肋板ribbedpanel,ribbedslab

連接板connectingplate,jointplate

檁條purline

螺母screwnut,nut

螺栓bolt

螺栓孔bolthole

螺紋screwthread,thread

螺紋長度lengthofthread

螺紋鋼screw-threadedsteel,twistedsteel

拉桿tierod,tensionrod

滿焊fullweld

鉚釘rivet

錳鋼manganesesteel

噴砂sandblasting

輕鋼結構lightweightsteelconstruction

三角架tripod

上弦topchord,upperchord

上弦橫向水平支撐upperlateralbracing

上弦縱向水平支撐upperlongitudinalbracing

平面桁架planetruss

實腹剛架solidwebrigidframe

塔架pylonbent

特種鋼specialsteel

調和漆mixedpaint

貼角焊filletweld,filletwelding

托架bracket

網架結構gridstructure

屋架rooftruss,principal

無縫鋼管seamlesssteelpipe

系桿tierod,tiebar,tie

下弦bottomchord,lowerchord

下弦橫向水平支撐bottomlateralbracing

斜撐diagonalbrace,diagonalbracing

型鋼sectionsteel,shapedsteel

懸索suspendedcable,suspensioncable

壓力焊pressurewelding

仰焊overheadwelding,invertedwelding

翼緣flange

翼緣板flangeplate,coverplate

軋制型鋼rolledsteelsection

支撐bracing,strutting

鑄鐵管castironpipe

組合槽鋼built-upchannel

組合截面built-upsection,compoundsection

自動焊接automaticwelding

e.DesignforAntiseismic抗震設計

鞭梢效應whippingeffect

場地類別siteclassification

場地土sitesoil

單自由度體系single-degreeoffreedomsystem

底部剪力法equivalentbaseshearmethod

地震earthquake,seism

地震烈度earthquakeintensity,seismicintensity

地震烈度區(qū)劃圖mapofseismicintensityzoning

地震影響系數seismicinfluencecoefficient

地震作用earthquakeaction

多自由度體系multi-degreeoffreedomsystem

反應譜responsespectrum

抗震earthquakeresistance

抗震縫seismicjoint,aseismicjoint

抗震構造aseismicconstruction

抗震設防earthquakefortification

抗震設計seismicdesign

共振resonance

基本周期foundamentalperiod

里氏震級Richtermagnitude

烈度intensity

設計近震designnearearthquake

設計遠震designfarearthquake

時程分析法timehistorymethod

液化liquefaction

振型vibrationmode

振型分解法modalanalysismethod

震源earthquakefocus

震中earthquakeepicenter

自由度degreeoffreedom

自振周期naturalperiodofvibration

f.GeneralWordsforDesign

設計常用詞匯

安裝installation,erection

報價offer,quotedprice

報價單quotation

壁柱pilaster,muralcolumn

變更alteration,variation,modification

變形deformation

標高elevation,level

標準standard,criterion

標準大樣standarddetail

標準圖standarddrawing

補充規(guī)定additionalregulations

補充說明additionalremarks

補充條件supplementaryconditions

不對稱asymmetry

布置arrangement,layout

布置圖layoutplan,layout

材料material

材料表billofmaterials

材料強度strengthofmaterials

參見詳圖referringtodetaildrawing

參考點referencepoint

參數parameter

操作平臺operatingplatform

草圖sketch,draft,roughdrawing

側向剛度lateralrigidity

側向穩(wěn)定lateralstability

側向約束lateralrestraint

側向支撐lateralbracing,sidebracing

拆除demolition,removal

長細比slendernessratio

廠房factorybuilding,millbuilding

超靜定staticalindetermination

承包contract

承包商contractor

等效截面equivalentsection

底標高bottomelevation

電梯lift,elevator,electriclift

電梯井elevatorhoistway,liftwell,liftshaft

電梯機房elevatormachineroom

方案scheme,plan,programme

方案設計schematicplan

方案圖schematicdrawing

防爆explosionprotection,explosion-proofing

防潮層damp-proofcourse

防凍freezingprevention,frostprotection

防凍劑antifreezecompound

防腐preservation

防腐劑preservative,preservativeagent

防滑slip-resistance

防滑處理deslickingtreatment

防滑條non-slipinsert

防火fireprevention,fireproofing

防火材料fireproofmaterial

防火分區(qū)firecompartment

防水waterproofing

防水材料waterproofmaterial

防水砂漿waterproofmortar

防酸acidproofing

方形square

防銹rustprevention

防銹劑anti-rustagent

防振vibrationprotection

分配系數distributioncoefficient

風化weathering,efflorescence

風向winddirection

附圖attacheddrawing

附注note,annotation

高層建筑high-risebuilding

高差differenceinelevation

高跨比ratioofrisetospan

高寬比depth-widthratio

高聳結構high-risestructure

隔斷partition,divider

工程project,engineering

工程量quantities

工程量表billofquantities

工業(yè)廠房industrialfactorybuilding

工業(yè)建筑industrialarchitecture

公稱直徑nominaldiameter

公式formula

公司company,corporation

拱arch

共振resonance,sympatheticvibration

管架piperack

規(guī)范regulation,code

規(guī)格specifications,standards

規(guī)模scale,scope

國家規(guī)范nationalregulation

國家標準nationalstandards

合同contract

橫向變形transversedeformation

橫向剛度lateralrigidity

化工廠chemicalplant

貨梯freightelevator,goodslift

極限承載能力ultimatebearingcapacity

紀要summary

計算書calculationsheet

技術資料technicaldata

剪刀撐,交叉撐X-brace,crossbrace

簡圖sketch,diagram

簡支梁simplebeam

交叉intersection,crossing

交點intersectionpoint

鉸接hingedconnection,hingejoint,pinconnection

結構變形structuraldeformation

結構圖structuraldrawing

結構形式structuralstyle

結構穩(wěn)定性structuralstability

結論conclusion,verdict

截面section

界限limits,bounds,demarcationline

緊急出口emergencyexit

精確度accuracy,precision,excatitude,

局部破壞localfailure,partialfailure

矩形rectangular

抗凍frostresisting

抗風柱windresistancecolumn

立面elevation,facade

粒徑particlediameter

連續(xù)梁continuousbeam

兩鉸拱two-hingedarch

裂縫rift,crack,crevice

樓梯stair

樓梯間staircase

樓梯扶手stairrail

樓梯凈空stairheadroom

樓梯平臺,休息平臺landing,pace,stairlanding

樓梯坡度pitchofstair,slopeofstair

樓梯踏步stairstep

鋁合金aluminumalloy

鋁合金窗aluminumalloywindow

民用建筑civilarchitecture

摩擦friction

耐火等級fireresistancerating

耐久性durability,endurance

爬梯catladder

疲勞破壞fatiguefailure

頻率frequency

平面布置planlayout

平臺terrace,platform,deck

平臺欄桿platformrailing

剖面section

剖面圖sectionaldrawing

侵蝕corrosion,erosion

傾覆overturning,toppling

人孔manhole

容許誤差allowableerror,permissibleerror

容許值permissiblevalue,allowablevalue

曬圖blueprinting

上部結構superstructure

設計要求designrequirements

設計資料designdata

伸縮縫expansionjoint

室外樓梯exteriorstair,outsidestairway

雙向板two-wayslab

水平撐horizontalbrace

踏步step

踏步板tread

彈簧spring

填充材料fillingmaterial

填充墻fillerwall

挑板cantileverslab

挑檐projectingeaves,overhangeaves

停車場carpark,parkinglot

通用構件standardmember

通用圖standarddrawing

通用詳圖standarddetail

統(tǒng)一標準unifiedstandards

統(tǒng)一構件unifiedstructureelement

投標bid,tender

招標bidding

圖集collectivedrawings,collectionofdrawings

圖簽titleblock

溫差temperaturedifference

穩(wěn)定性stability,steadiness

污水處理sewagedisposal,sewagetreatment

先張法預應力pretensionedprestressing

現行標準currentlyeffectivestandards

詳圖,大樣detaildrawing,detail

橡膠止水帶rubberwaterstop

消防firefighting,fireprotection

斜率slope

卸荷unloading

卸貨平臺dischargingplatform,unloadingplatform

懸臂cantilever

懸臂板cantileverslab

懸臂梁cantileverbeam,overhangingbeam

懸掛hangingsuspension

壓縮機compressor

壓縮模量modulusofcompression

延性ductility,ductileness

業(yè)主client,owner

一覽表table,schedule,list

有效截面effectivesection

預應力損失lossofprestress,prestressingloss

圓形circularshape,round

圓柱circularcolumn,roundcolumn

約束confinement,restraint,constraint

約束條件constraincondition

展開圖developeddrawing

棧橋landingstage,loadingbridge

罩棚awning

折減系數reductionfactor

折算高度reducedheight

支座support,pedestal

直爬梯verticalladder

止水帶waterstop

中和軸neutralaxis

重心centerofgravity

周期period,cycle

轉彎半徑turningradius

轉動慣量rotationalinertia

裝卸平臺loadingandunloadingplatform

g.GeneralWordsforConstruction

施工常用詞匯

拌和料mixture

標準級配standardgrading

補強strengthening,stiffening

測量survey,measurement

拆模formremoval

尺寸dimension,size

抄平leveling

處理treatment

搭接lapjoint,lapping,overlapjoint

搭接長度splicinglength

打底bedding,priming

打夯,夯實ramming,tamping

打樁piledriving,piling,driving

粗砂coarsesand

搗實rodding,tamping

地質勘測geologicalexploration,geologicalsurvey

吊裝hoisting

定位locating,positioning

堆料區(qū)stackingarea

洞口opening

放大enlargement,amplification

放線settingout

放樣lofting,settingout

分層夯實compactioninlayers

分層回填back-fillinginlayers

蜂窩麻面voidsandpits

改建reconstruction,alteration

改造transformation,remodeling

鋼模steelmould

鋼套管steelthimble,steelsleeve

工廠預制構件factory-madecomponent

骨料,集料aggregate

骨料級配gradationofaggregate

骨料粒徑aggregatesize

貫入度penetration

灌漿grouting,groutjection

和易性workability

后張法post-tensioningmethod

含水量watercontent,moisturec