福建省漳州市2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語試題（解析版）VIP

2/2福建省漳州市2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語試題第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共11小題;每小題2.5分，滿分27.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATotapintothedelightsinthesnowandencouragewintersportsandtourism,fourwintertourshaverecentlybeenlaunched.ChangbaiMountainsAcrossNortheastChina’sJilinprovince,thistourprovidesanamazingworldintheChangchunIceandSnowNewWorld.InJilincity,SonghuaLakeResort(旅游勝))isadreamdestinationforskiingfans.AndtheChanghaiMountainsResortshouldn’tbemissed.Evenbeginnerscanalsoenjoytheexcitementfromthepeaktothebottomofthehill.DueNorthInadditiontotherichwinterfuninHarbin,thetourtakestravelerstotheSongnenPlaintovisittheZhalongNationalNatureReserveinQiqihar,theworld’sbiggesthabitatofwildred-crownedcranes(丹頂鶴).Travelerscanthenexplorethecountry’snorthernmostpointofMohecityandthefavoritedestinationfortouristsisBeijiVillage,fromwhichtouristscanlookoutacrosstheborderwithRussia.ColorfulGansuGansu’scapitalLanzhouoffersrichskiexperiences,suchastheLongshaninternationalskiresort.OtherhighlightsinGansuincludeJiayuguan,apassatthewesternendoftheGreatWalldatingbacktotheMingDynastyandMogaoCavesinDunhuang.In1897,itwaslistedasoneofworldculturalheritagesitesbyUNESCO.NorthofXinjiangTakingtravelersnorthofXinjiang,thistouroffersvariousskiresortsinthecityofAltay,GreatviewsandaclosenesstonaturecanbeexperiencedattheTianchi,whichoffersgrandviewsofthesurroundingsnow-cappedpeaks.AlsotheDushanziGrandCanyonwaslistedasoneofthemostbeautifulcanyonsinXinjiang.Variouswintertourismfestivalswillalsobestagedalongthetourtoheatupthecoldair.1.Whichtouristhemostsuitableforaskibeginner?A.ChangbaiMountains. B.DueNorth.C.ColorfulGansu. D.NorthofXinjiang.2.WhatisColorfulGansudifferentfromtheothertours?AItoffersgreatfuninsnowandice.B.Itoffersaclosenesstowildlife.C.Itoffersculturalandhistoricsites.D.Itoffersgrandcanyonscenery.3.Howmanytoursincludethemountainoussnowview?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章推薦了四個冬季旅行目的地?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Evenbeginnerscanalsoenjoytheexcitementfromthepeaktothebottomofthehill.(即使是初學(xué)者都能感受到從山頂?shù)缴较碌拇碳じ?”可知最適合滑雪初學(xué)者的是長白山，故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ColorfulGansu”段落的“In1897,itwaslistedasoneofworldculturalheritagesitesbyUNESCO(1897年，它被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界文化遺產(chǎn))”可知，ColorfulGansu與其他旅游目的地之間的不同之處在于它能展示文化和歷史遺跡，故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ChangbaiMountains”段落的“theChanghaiMountainsResortshouldn’tbemissed(長白山度假勝地不容錯過)”以及“NorthofXinjiang”段落的“GreatviewsandaclosenesstonaturecanbeexperiencedattheTianchi,whichoffersgrandviewsofthesurroundingsnow-cappedpeaks.(在天池可以體驗美景并靠近大自然，這里周圍有被積雪覆蓋的雪景)”可知，本文有兩個旅行能看到山峰雪景，故選B項。BAlotofpeopleareexperiencinghunger,socommunitiesandorganizationsacrosstheU.S.haveputupcommunityfridgesintheircity.Thefridgesofferfreefoodtotheneighborhood.Anyonecantakeordonatefood.ThespreadofCOVID-19hasbroughtmoreattentiontoAmerica’shungerproblem.Ithasalsomadeitworse.Foodshortagedoubledbecausepeoplelosttheirjobs,accordingtoastudybyNorthwesternUniversity.Thelossofajob,highcostsoflivingornotlivingnearastorethathashealthy,affordablefoodcanallcausefoodshortage.Now,therearemorethan160newcommunityfridgesincitiesacrossthecountry.Thefridgescomewithspecialchallenges.Theyneedelectricityandlookingafter.Also,foodsafetyruleshouldalsobeconsidered.Someexpertsfeelthefridgescoverupmoreimportantquestions.Yetthecommunityrelationshipstheycreatecanmakeadifference.MarkBucher,ownerofarestaurantinWashingtonD.C,wantedtohelpmakesurenochildwenthungryinhiscommunity.HecreatedaprogramcalledFeedtheFridge.Restaurantsmakemealswhichgointo19fridgesaroundthecity.Inreturn,therestaurantsgetthemoneythatisdonatedtotheprogram.Thisisanexampleofmutual(相互的)aid.DelanoHunter,apartnerofBucher,said“Thefridgesareawayofprovidingmeals,inarespectfulway,tothosewhoneedthem.”However,communityfridgescannotfixalltheproblems.AndyFisher,anexpertonfoodshortage,believestheproblemishowtheUnitedStatesthinksabouthunger.“Peoplethinkitcanbesolvedbyhandingoutfood,”Fishersaid,“thisignorestheproblemsthatcreatehunger.”Fridgesareshort-termsolutions.Iexpectonedaylong-termsolutionscanbefound.Fornow,thefridgesbringlifebackintocommunitiesatleast.4.Whatadvantagedothecommunityfridgesbring?A.Theyimprovethefoodsafety.B.Theylowerthehighcostofliving.C.Theyconnectthepeopleintheneighborhood.D.Theyprovideaffordablefoodtothecommunity.5.What’sthepurpose-ofMark’sprogram?A.Toattractmorepeopletodonatethefood.B.Toofferfoodinarespectfulwaytoadults.C.Tohelptherestauranttomakemoremoney.D.Topreventkidsinhiscommunityfromhunger.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthe“communityfridges”program?A.Itactsasashort-termsolutiontohunger.B.Itraisesthelivingcostsoftheneedy.C.Itremoveshungerforever.D.Itbringsnotroublenow.7.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.RestaurantshelpAmericancommunityalot.B.VariousproblemsarecausedbyCOVID-19.C.ManyAmericanpeopleareexperiencinghunger.D.CommunityfridgesstrengthentiesduringCOVID-19.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了美國大街上出現(xiàn)了“分享冰柜”，為受疫情影響而需要食物的人免費提供食物。【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“Someexpertsfeelthefridgescoverupmoreimportantquestions.Yetthecommunityrelationshipstheycreatecanmakeadifference(有些專家認為，分享冰柜下面隱藏著更多的問題。然而它們塑造的社區(qū)關(guān)系是很重要的)”可知分享冰柜將社區(qū)里的人和人之間建立聯(lián)系，與C項“Theyconnectthepeopleintheneighborhood(它們將社區(qū)里的人們聯(lián)系起來)”表達的含義一致，故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“MarkBucher,ownerofarestaurantinWashingtonD.C,wantedtohelpmakesurenochildwenthungryinhiscommunity.(華盛頓特區(qū)一個餐館的老板馬克·布赫希望提供幫助，確保在他的社區(qū)沒有孩子挨餓)”可知馬克的項目是要阻止他的社區(qū)的孩子們挨餓，故選D項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Fridgesareshort-termsolutions.(分享冰柜只是短期的解決辦法)”可推理出分享冰柜只能是一種短期解決饑餓問題的辦法，故選A項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。文章第一段引入了“分享冰柜”這個話題，第二段、第三段和第四段詳細描述了分享冰柜的運行情況，再根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Yetthecommunityrelationshipstheycreatecanmakeadifference.(然而它們塑造的社區(qū)關(guān)系是很重要的)”可推知，本文主要講了在疫情當下，社區(qū)分享冰箱加強了人們之間的關(guān)系，故選D項。CNowadaysultraprocessedfoods,suchasprepackagedsoups,sauces,frozenpizzaandready-to-eatmeals,arebecomingincreasinglypopularbecauseoftheirconveniencealthoughtheycouldbringhigherriskofweightandheartproblems.However,anewstudyhasshownthateatingtoomuchultraprocessedfoodscouldsetyouonthefallingroadofcognition(認知).Thestudy,presentedonAugust1statthe2022Alzheimer’sAssociationInternationalConference,followedover10,000Braziliansforupto10years.Atthebeginningandendofthestudy,thesubjectstooktwocognitivetestings,whichincludedwordmemory,wordrecognitionandspokenfluency,andtheywerealsoaskedabouttheirdiet.Theresearchersfoundpeoplewhoateover20%ofdailycaloriesfromultraprocessedfoodshada28%fastercognitivedeclinecomparedtothosewhoatelessthan20%.“Thekeyproblemisthatultraprocessedfoodsareusuallyveryhighinsugar,saltandfat,allofwhichcausesystemicinflammation(炎癥),perhapsthemostmajorthreattohealthyaginginthebodyandbrain,”saidRudyTanzi,directorofthegeneticsandagingresearchunitatMassachusettsGeneralHospital.Headded,“Ultraprocessedfoodsalsoreplaceeatingfoodhighinplantfiberthatisimportantforkeepingthehealthandthebalanceofbacteria(細菌)inyourgutmicrobiome(腸道菌群),whichisparticularlyimportantforbrainhealthandreducingriskofage-relatedbraindiseaseslikeAlzheimer’sdisease.”Unfortunately,ultraprocessedfoodsmakeup25%to30%oftotalcalorieintakeindailydiet.Forapersonwhoeats2,000caloriesaday,20%wouldequal400ormorecalories—forcomparison,asmallorderoffriesandregularcheeseburgerfromMcDonaldscontainsatotalof530calories.“Weallneedtoknowweshouldcookmore.Wesaywedon’thavetimebutitreallydoesn’ttakethatmuchtime,”saidSuemoto,anassistantprofessorattheUniversityofSoPauloMedicalSchool.“Andit’sworthbecausewe’regoingtoprotectourheartandguardourbrainfromAlzheimer’sdisease.”8.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“decline”inParagraph2?A.Change. B.Damage. C.Fall. D.Improvement.9.What’sParagraph2mainlyabout?AThepurposeofthestudy. B.Theprocessofthestudy.C.Theeffectsoftheultraprocessedfoods. D.Thepopularityoftheultraprocessedfoods.10.Whatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutultraprocessedfoods?A.Theyarethemaincauseofbraindiseases.B.Theyarethemostpopularfoodsnowadays.C.Theymakeup20%oftotaldailycalorieintake.D.Theydon’thaveenoughplantfibreneededforbody.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheImportanceofPlantFibreB.MoreHomeCooking,HealthierHeartC.TheConvenienceofUltraprocessedFoodsD.MoreUltraprocessedFoods,WorseCognition【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了超加工食品可能會導(dǎo)致認知能力下降。【8題詳解】詞句猜測題。分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)，可知第二段是對第一段最后一句話的詳細闡述，根據(jù)第一段最后一句話“However,anewstudyhasshownthateatingtoomuchultraprocessedfoodscouldsetyouonthefallingroadofcognition(然而一項新的研究顯示，吃過多的超加工食品會導(dǎo)致你的認知能力下降)”可知第二段主要以具體的例子證明吃過多的超加工食品會導(dǎo)致認知能力的下降，結(jié)合劃線詞所在句子“Theresearchersfoundpeoplewhoateover20%ofdailycaloriesfromultraprocessedfoodshada28%fastercognitivedeclinecomparedtothosewhoatelessthan20%.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，每天攝入超加工食品熱量超過20%的人，與攝入不足20%的人相比，認知能力decline的速度要快28%。)”所以第二段劃下劃線的詞“decline”的含義應(yīng)為：下降，故選C項。【9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Atthebeginningandendofthestudy,thesubjectstooktwocognitivetestings,whichincludedwordmemory,wordrecognitionandspokenfluency,andtheywerealsoaskedabouttheirdiet.(在研究的開始和結(jié)束的時候，被試接受兩個認知測試，包括詞匯記憶、詞匯識別和閱讀流利程度，并且還被問到有關(guān)飲食的問題)”可推知第二段主要講了實驗的過程，故選B項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ultraprocessedfoodsalsoreplaceeatingfoodhighinplantfiberthatisimportantforkeepingthehealthandthebalanceofbacteria(細菌)inyourgutmicrobiome(超加工食品還會替代食用含植物纖維較高的食物，這種食物的重要性在于保持健康，維持你的腸道菌群的細菌平衡)”可推知食用過多的超加工食品會導(dǎo)致含植物纖維較高的食物攝入不足，故選D項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)，第一段“However,anewstudyhasshownthateatingtoomuchultraprocessedfoodscouldsetyouonthefallingroadofcognition(然而一項新的研究顯示，吃過多的超加工食品會導(dǎo)致你的認知能力下降)”引入了“使用過多的超加工食品會導(dǎo)致認知能力下降”這一話題，這是全文的主題句，再根據(jù)文章最后一句話“Andit’sworthbecausewe’regoingtoprotectourheartandguardourbrainfromAlzheimer’sdisease(這是值得的，因為我們保護了我們的心臟，而且保護我們的大腦不得帕金森綜合征)”，可知，本文主要講了過多食用超加工食品會導(dǎo)致認知能力下降，故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Ifsportsaresomethingthatinterestsyou,obviouslyyouwouldwanttobegoodatthem.Succeedingatasporttakesskill,andskilltakespatienceanddetermination.____12____Skillalonemaytakeyoufar,butyou’llnevergoallthewayunlessyouhavetherightattitudeandteamspirittobackitup.Beginfrombasicsfirst.It’scommonthatyoungathleteswanttojumpintotheadvancedskillsquickly.Thisisn’taneffectivewaytospendtrainingtime.Ifyou’renewtoasport,takeasmuchtimeasyouneedtogetthebasicmovementsdownproperly.____13____Eatahealthy,well-balanceddiet.Everyoneshouldmakeapointofeatingadietthatbenefitstheirbody.Thisisespeciallytrueifyouwanttobegreatatsports.____14____Baseyourdietonvegetables,leafygreens,leanproteins,andwholegrains.Setgreatgoalsforyourself.Thisdoesnotmeanbeingunrealistic,orsayingyou’regoingtogoprofessionalwithinayear.____15____Giveyourselfasuitableamountoftimetoachievethatgoal,andbreakitdownintosmallerpartsifthegoalisespeciallybig.____16____Beinggoodatsportsmeansmorethanphysicalstrengthandspeed.Inordertobetrulygreat,youneedtoapplypositiveattitudetothewayyoutreatotherplayers,evenifthey’reontheotherteam.Ifyouloseamatch,acceptthelossandshowrespecttotheotherplayerfortheirvictory.A.Letyourselfhavefun.B.Showgoodsportsmanship.C.However,thereareotherthingsyouneedtothinkabout.D.Itwillmakeadvancedskillsaloteasiertograspinthelongrun.E.Ifyoustoppracticing,chancesarethatsomeonemoredeterminedwillbeatyou.F.Eatingjunkfoodwillworkagainstwhatevereffortsyoumakeinthegym.G.Instead,youshouldtakealookatwhatyouare,andfigureoutwhereyou’dliketobe.【答案】12.C13.D14.F15.G16.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了成功的運動員需要技術(shù)、耐心和決心，還要有良好的態(tài)度和團隊精神，并提出了成為優(yōu)秀運動員的幾個方法?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Succeedingatasporttakesskill,andskilltakespatienceanddetermination(運動的成功需要技術(shù)，技術(shù)需要耐心和決心)”以及下文“you’llnevergoallthewayunlessyouhavetherightattitudeandteamspirittobackitup.(除非你有著良好的態(tài)度和團隊精神，否則你走不遠)”可知前后句語意轉(zhuǎn)折，且提出了除技術(shù)之外你需要考慮的其他方面，與C項“However,thereareotherthingsyouneedtothinkabout.(然而，還有些其他方面需要你思考)”表達的含義一致，故選C項?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyou’renewtoasport,takeasmuchtimeasyouneedtogetthebasicmovementsdownproperly.(如果你是一項運動的新手，盡可能多地花時間來完成基本動作)”可知，基本動作練熟悉了，高級的動作才容易掌握，與D項“Itwillmakeadvancedskillsaloteasiertograspinthelongrun.(長遠來說，這會使得高級動作更容易掌握)”表達的含義一致，故選D項?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Everyoneshouldmakeapointofeatingadietthatbenefitstheirbody.Thisisespeciallytrueifyouwanttobegreatatsports.(每個人都應(yīng)該重視吃對身體有益的飲食。如果你想在運動上出色的話，這尤其正確)”可推知不正確的飲食會對運動場上的努力不利，與F項“Eatingjunkfoodwillworkagainstwhatevereffortsyoumakeinthegym.(吃垃圾食品會對你在健身房做的所有努力起反作用)”表達的含義一致，故選F項。【15題詳解】根據(jù)本段的小標題“Setgreatgoalsforyourself(設(shè)立你自己的宏偉目標)”和上文“Thisdoesnotmeanbeingunrealistic,orsayingyou’regoingtogoprofessionalwithinayear.(這并不意味著不切實際，或者說你將在一年內(nèi)成為專業(yè)人士。)”可知，本段講的是要基于自己的現(xiàn)實，清楚地知道自己能達到什么樣的目標，與G項“Instead,youshouldtakealookatwhatyouare,andfigureoutwhereyou’dliketobe.(相反，你應(yīng)該審視自己，弄清楚你能打到什么目標)”表達的含義一致，故選G項?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)文中的“youneedtoapplypositiveattitudetothewayyoutreatotherplayers(你要采用積極的態(tài)度對待其他運動員)”以及“Ifyouloseamatch,acceptthelossandshowrespecttotheotherplayerfortheirvictory.(如果你輸了，接受失敗并尊重對方運動員獲得勝利)”可知，本段講的是要具備偉大的運動員精神，與B項“Showgoodsportsmanship(展示出良好的運動員精神)”表達的含義一致，可以作為小標題。故選B項。第三部分語言運用(共三節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項。Itwasafreezingwinterdaywhenaspaceheatercausedafireinahigh-riseapartmentbuilding.Thefirewassmallbutit____17____hugeheavysmoke.Becauseabrokenfiredoorwasleft____18____,ittookjustminutesfortheentirebuildingtobecomeadeath____19____forthepeopleinside.Beforefirefighters’arrival,people____20____toevacuatethesmokingbuilding.Singlemother-of-twoKristinwasoneofthehundredsofpeople____21____togetoutofthebuilding.Asshetriedtocarryhertwoyoungchildrendownthecrowded____22____fromherapartment,astrangerappearedoutofnowhereandaskedifsheneeded____23____.ThemanisFrancis,wholivedonthebuilding’stopfloor.Hewasrunningforhis____24____andwhenhesawKristinandherdaughtershe____25____thathecouldn’tjustleavethemtheretostruggleforthemselves._____26_____,hepicked3-year-oldKweenupandtookoffdownthestairsquickly._____27_____helpedKristinandherotherchild_____28_____itoutnotlongafterFrancisandKweengotout.Kristincouldn’t_____29_____whatcouldhavehappenedifFrancishadn’tstoppedtohelp.Manypeoplemighthavebeenso_____30_____bythefirethattheymightjustcareaboutthemselves_____31_____danger,butthismankepthiseyesopenanddidn’thesitate(猶豫)tolendahand.17.A.experienced B.prevented C.produced D.attracted18.A.open B.closed C.behind D.alone19.A.march B.game C.blow D.trap20.A.attempted B.failed C.happened D.continued21.A.struggling B.waiting C.shouting D.refusing22.A.corner B.room C.windows D.stairs23A.advice B.help C.shelter D.escape24.A.job B.life C.meal D.freedom25.A.remembered B.wondered C.realized D.feared26.A.However B.Therefore C.Anyhow D.Besides27.A.Policemen B.Soldiers C.Officials D.Firefighters28.A.work B.check C.stick D.make29.A.imagine B.sense C.express D.bear30.A.excited B.frightened C.annoyed D.confused31.A.inplaceof B.inspiteof C.incaseof D.infaceof【答案】17.C18.A19.D20.A21.A22.D23.B24.B25.C26.B27.D28.D29.A30.B31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在一棟著火的大樓上，弗朗西斯冒著生命危險幫助帶著兩個孩子的母親成功脫險的故事?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：火勢很小，但是產(chǎn)生了大量的濃煙。A.experienced經(jīng)歷；B.prevented阻止；C.produced產(chǎn)生；D.attracted吸引。根據(jù)上文“Thefirewassmall(火勢很小)”以及后面的“hugeheavysmoke(大量的濃煙)”可知，濃煙是火產(chǎn)生的。故選C項?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于一個壞了的防火門開著，幾分鐘內(nèi)整個大樓變成了樓里面人的死亡陷阱。A.open開著的；B.closed關(guān)著的；C.behind在后面的；D.alone獨自的。根據(jù)下文“ittookjustminutesfortheentirebuildingtobecomeadeathtrapforthepeopleinside(幾分鐘內(nèi)整個大樓變成了樓里面人的死亡陷阱)”可知，濃煙是由于防火門開著導(dǎo)致的。故選A項?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.march行進；B.game游戲；C.blow擊打；D.trap陷阱。根據(jù)上文“Thefirewassmall,butitproducedhugeheavysmoke(火勢很小，但是產(chǎn)生了大量的濃煙)”可知，樓內(nèi)遍布濃煙會導(dǎo)致人窒息，成為了致人死亡的陷阱。故選D項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在消防隊員到達之前，人們試圖撤離冒著濃煙的大樓。A.attempted試圖；B.failed失敗；C.happened發(fā)生；D.continued繼續(xù)。根據(jù)上文“Beforefirefighters’arrival(在消防隊員到達之前)”可知，此時樓內(nèi)到處是濃煙，但消防隊員還沒到，樓里的人們只能試圖自救。故選A項。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：帶著兩個孩子的單身母親克里斯汀是掙扎著往大樓外面擠的幾百個人之一。A.struggling掙扎著；B.waiting等待；C.shouting大喊；D.refusing拒絕。根據(jù)下文“getoutofthebuilding(出大樓)”可知，樓內(nèi)非常危險，人們掙扎著要逃離大樓，故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：正當她抱著兩個幼童從她的公寓出門下?lián)頂D的樓梯的時候，一個陌生男子突然出現(xiàn)并問她是否需要幫助。A.corner角落；B.room房間；C.windows窗戶；D.stairs樓梯。根據(jù)下文“fromherapartment(從她的公寓)”可知，樓里面著火，這個母親抱著兩個孩子要下樓梯逃離大樓。故選D項。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.advice建議；B.help幫助；C.shelter遮擋處；D.escape逃跑。根據(jù)上文“astrangerappearedoutofnowhereandaskedifsheneeded(一個陌生男子突然出現(xiàn)并問她)”可知，樓里面著火，形勢緊急，而這位母親帶著兩個孩子艱難下樓，陌生男子是要幫助這個母親和孩子逃離，所以要問是否需要幫助。故選B項。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他在逃命，當看見克里斯汀和她的兩個女兒的時候，他意識到不能丟下她們獨自搏命。A.job工作；B.life生命；C.meal飯；D.freedom自由。根據(jù)上文“Hewasrunning(他在跑)”可知，樓里面著火了，他奔跑是要逃命。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.remembered記得；B.wondered想知道；C.realized意識到；D.feared害怕。根據(jù)下文“hecouldn’tjustleavethemtheretostruggleforthemselves(他不能丟下她們獨自搏命)”可知，這是弗朗西斯的想法，他意識到應(yīng)該在危險中幫助母女脫險，故選C項。【26題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，他抱起了三歲的柯文并快速跑下樓。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Anyhow無論如何；D.Besides另外。根據(jù)上文“hecouldn’tjustleavethemtheretostruggleforthemselves(他不能丟下她們獨自搏命)”可知，弗朗西斯要幫助母女脫險，與后一句之間為因果關(guān)系。故選B項。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在弗朗西斯和柯文脫險不久以后，消防隊員幫助克里斯汀和她的另一個孩子成功脫逃。A.Policemen警察；B.Soldiers士兵；C.Officials官員；D.Firefighters消防隊員。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Beforefirefighters’arrival(在消防隊員到達之前)”以及生活常識可知，大樓里面著火，應(yīng)為消防隊員上樓救人。故選D項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：同上；A.workout成功脫逃；；B.checkout結(jié)賬離開；C.stickout堅持到底；D.makeout辨認出。根據(jù)上文“FirefightershelpedKristinandherotherchild(消防隊員幫助克里斯汀和她的另一個孩子)”以及下文“notlongafterFrancisandKweengotout(在弗朗西斯和柯文脫險不久以后)”可知，在消防隊員的幫助下，克里斯汀和她的另一個孩子成功逃離著火的大樓。故選D項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：克里斯汀無法想象如果弗朗西斯沒有停下來幫助她的話，會有什么事發(fā)生。A.imagine想象；B.sense感覺；C.express表達；D.bear忍受。根據(jù)下文“whatcouldhavehappened(原本會發(fā)生什么事)”可知，這不是事實情況，而是克里斯汀的想象。故選A項?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：許多人或許如此怕火以至于在面對危險的時候自顧自己，但是這個人睜開眼睛毫不猶豫地施以援手。A.excited興奮的；B.frightened害怕的；C.annoyed煩惱的；D.confused困惑的。根據(jù)上文大樓著火，以及下文“bythefire(火)”可知，人們懼怕火災(zāi)。故選B項?！?1題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：同上。A.inplaceof代替；B.inspiteof盡管；C.incaseof萬一；D.infaceof面臨。根據(jù)上文“theymightjustcareaboutthemselves(他們可能自顧自己)”以及下文“danger(危險)”可推知，人們在面對危險的時候，可能會自顧自己。故選D項。第二節(jié)單句語法填空(共10小題:每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面句子，在空白處填人1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。32.Mysisteristhreeyearssenior________me.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）【答案】to【解析】【詳解】考查介詞。句意：我姐姐比我大3歲。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，beseniorto為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，含義為：比……大，與句子表達的含義一致，故填to。33.Therecomesatime________youhavetomakeachoice.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）【答案】when【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：總有一天你要做出選擇。分析句子可知，空處及之后內(nèi)容為定語從句，先行詞為time，關(guān)系詞在從句中作時間狀語，所以用關(guān)系副詞when，故填when。34.The________(arrange)ofthemeetingsuitsmewell.（所給詞的適當形式填空）【答案】arrangement【解析】【詳解】考查名詞單數(shù)。句意：會議安排很適合我。結(jié)合謂語suits單數(shù)形式可知，用單數(shù)名詞arrangement作主語。故填arrangement。35.Theteenager’sbehaviorleftadeep________(impress)onme.（所給詞的適當形式填空）【答案】impression【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：這個少年的行為給我留下了深刻的印象。由“adeep”可知，此處應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，作謂語動詞“l(fā)eft”的賓語。故填impression。36.Humanstakeinoxygenand________(breath)outcarbondioxide.（所給詞的適當形式填空）【答案】breathe【解析】【詳解】考查時態(tài)和動詞。句意：人類吸入氧氣，呼出二氧化碳。空處在句中為謂語，結(jié)合空前“Humanstakeinoxygenand”可知，空處的時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是Humans，空格處用動詞原形，所以用breathe。故填breathe。37.I________(take)atriptoHainantovisitmygoodfriendnextweek.（所給詞的適當形式填空）【答案】willtake##amtaking##amgoingtotake【解析】【詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：下周我將旅行去海南看望我的朋友。根據(jù)句中的時間狀語nextweek可知謂語動詞要使用一般將來時，根據(jù)一般將來時的用法，謂語動詞應(yīng)使用will+動詞原形、現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來或begoingto+動詞原形，故填willtake/amtaking/amgoingtotake。38.Plentyof________(supply)havebeensenttotheflood-strickenarea.（所給詞的適當形式填空）【答案】supplies【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：大量的物資被送往洪水災(zāi)區(qū)。plentyof的含義為：大量的，后面加不可數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，supply用作名詞時表示“供給，補給；供應(yīng)品”的意思，是可數(shù)名詞，所以空白處應(yīng)填名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填supplies。39.Itwastheeffortofthewholenation________madethecitycometolife.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）【答案】that【解析】【詳解】考查強調(diào)句。句意：是整個國家的努力才使得這個城市恢復(fù)生機。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，“theeffortofthewholenation”應(yīng)為句子的主語，分析可知句子要強調(diào)主語，根據(jù)強調(diào)句的用法，強調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Itis/was+被強調(diào)部分+that/who…，因為被強調(diào)部分不是指人，排除who，故填that。40.Whenyouare________(attract)bythecontentinbooks,youfeeltimeflies.（所給詞的適當形式填空）【答案】attracted【解析】【詳解】考查被動語態(tài)。句意：當你被書的內(nèi)容吸引的時候，你就會感到時光飛逝。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并結(jié)合句意，空白處在句子中作從句謂語且表達被動含義，結(jié)合are，應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)形式，基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：are+過去分詞，故填attracted。41.________(actual),tourismisthemaineconomicsourceforthelocalpeople.（所給詞的適當形式填空）【答案】Actually【解析】【詳解】考查副詞。句意：事實上，旅游業(yè)是當?shù)厝说闹饕?jīng)濟來源。副詞actually作狀語，修飾后面的句子，首字母大寫。故填A(yù)ctually。第三節(jié)詞組填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面句子，選擇一個適當?shù)脑~組填入空白處makeadifferenceratherthankeepbalanceinshockworkoutsetagoodexamplesignupforloseheartprefertorelateto42.Itisbettertoexpressyouranger________builditup.43.Somepeople________doeverythingovertheInternet.44.Goodhabitsthatyouformedatyouthwill________infuture.45.Hearingthebadnews,thewomanstoodfrozen________.46.Heusedto________inthegymtwiceorthreetimesaweek.47.Idothinkandhopethatyouwon’t________evenifyoufail.48.Parentsshouldobeythetrafficrulesto________totheirchildren.49.Thearticles________theeffectsofthesmartphoneonyoungmen.50.Weshould________betweenbusyschoollifeandextra-curricularactivities.51.Sinceyouareinterestedinsinging,whynot________ourschoolsingingcontest?【答案】42.ratherthan43.preferto44.makeadifference45.inshock46.workout47.loseheart48.setagoodexample49.relateto50.keepbalance51.sighupfor【解析】【42題詳解】考查介詞。句意：最好把你的憤怒表達出來，而不是讓它郁積著。根據(jù)空白處前面的“expressyouranger(表達你的憤怒)”以及空白處后面的“builditup(郁積起來)”可知前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)選擇表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的介詞或介詞短語，與“ratherthan(是……而不是……)”表達的含義一致，故填ratherthan。【43題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：許多人喜歡什么事都在網(wǎng)上做。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中作謂語，應(yīng)選擇動詞短語，根據(jù)下文“doeverythingovertheInternet(什么事都在網(wǎng)上做)”可知空白處應(yīng)填表示“喜歡做某事”含義的動詞短語，故填preferto?！?4題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：你在年輕時形成的習(xí)慣會對你的將來很重要。根據(jù)上文“Goodhabitsthatyouformedatyouth(在年輕時形成的習(xí)慣)”可知，年輕時形成的習(xí)慣會對人的未來有幫助，應(yīng)選擇表示“重要”含義的動詞短語，故填makeadifference?！?5題詳解】考查介詞短語。句意：聽到了壞消息，那位女士因驚嚇呆在了原地。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，“Hearingthebadnews(聽到了壞消息)”是“thewomanstoodfrozen(這位婦女呆在原地)”的原因，因此空白處應(yīng)填表示“因為驚嚇”含義的介詞短語，故填inshock。【46題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：他以前每周在健身房鍛煉兩到三次。根據(jù)下文“inthegymtwiceorthreetimesaweek(每周在健身房兩到三次)”可推知，他是在健身房每周鍛煉兩到三次，應(yīng)填表示“鍛煉”含義的動詞詞組，故填workout?！?7題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：即使你失敗了，我的確認為，也希望你不會失去信心。根據(jù)下文“evenifyoufail(即使你失敗了)”可推知上文講的是不失去信心，空白處應(yīng)填入表示“失去信心”含義的動詞短語，故填loseheart?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：家長們應(yīng)該遵守交通規(guī)則，以給孩子們樹立榜樣。上文中should表示一種主觀的觀點，家長遵守交通規(guī)則可以為孩子們樹立榜樣，故填setagoodexample。【49題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：這篇文章與智能手機對年輕人的影響有關(guān)。根據(jù)下文“theeffectsofthesmartphoneonyoungmen(智能手機對年輕人的影響)”可知這是上文articles的內(nèi)容，空白處應(yīng)填表示“與……有關(guān)”含義的動詞短語，故填relateto?！?0題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：我們應(yīng)該在繁忙的學(xué)校生活和課外活動之間保持平衡。根據(jù)下文“betweenbusyschoollifeandextra-curricularactivities(在繁忙的學(xué)校生活和課外活動之間)”可知這是兩個互相影響兩件事，因此空白處應(yīng)填表示“保持平衡”含義的動詞短語，故填keepbalance?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：既然你對唱歌感興趣，為什么不報名參加我們學(xué)校的歌詠比賽？根據(jù)下文“ourschoolsingingcontest(我們學(xué)校的歌詠比賽)”可知，本句表達的含義是要報名參加歌詠比賽，故填sighupfor。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)英漢互譯(共5小題:每小題3分，滿分15分)52.Nomatterwhenyouarrive,givemeacall.（英譯漢）【答案】無論你何時到達，都給我打個電話。【解析】【詳解】考查狀語從句。“Nomatterwhen”翻譯為：無論什么時候，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，“arrive”翻譯為：到達，“givemeacall”翻譯為：給我打個電話，故翻譯為：無論你何時到達，都給我打個電話。53.Thescenerywassobeautifulthatitwasalmostbeyonddescription.（英譯漢）【答案】景色太美了以致于無法用言語描述?！窘馕觥俊驹斀狻靠疾楣潭ň湫秃徒樵~短語?！癟hescenery”意為：景色；固定句型so...that...意為：如此……以致于……，that后接結(jié)果狀語從句；介詞短語“beyonddescription”意為：無法描述、難以言表。故本句可譯為：景色太美了以致于無法用言語描述。54.這周日他將和我們?nèi)ミh足。(gohiking)（漢譯英）【答案】Hewillgohiking/isgoingtogohiking/isgoinghikingwithusthisSunday.【解析】【詳解】考查時態(tài)和動詞短語。時間狀語“這周日”可譯為thisSunday。括號里所給動詞短語gohiking，意為“去遠足”，作句中謂語。再根據(jù)時間狀語，可知此句用一般將來時態(tài)。一般將來時可表示為willdo或begoingtodo。此動詞短語中的go，還可以用進行時態(tài)表將來。結(jié)合主語he，所以此句主語和謂語表示為：Hewillgohiking/isgoingtogohiking/isgoinghiking?！昂臀覀円黄稹北硎緸閣ithus。故翻譯為Hewillgohiking/isgoingtogohiking/isgoinghikingwithusthisSunday。55.我們應(yīng)該找到和別人交流的方式。(theway)（漢譯英）【答案】Weshouldfindthewaytocommunicatewithothers.或Weshouldfindthewayofcommunicatingwithothers.或Weshouldfindtheway(that/inwhich)wecommunicatewithothers.【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞、非謂語動詞和定語從句。根據(jù)提示，“方式”翻譯為：theway，“應(yīng)該”翻譯為：should，“和別人交流”翻譯為：communicatewithothers。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可以使用動詞不定式作定語修飾theway的方式翻譯，也可以使用“介詞of+動名詞”的方式翻譯，還可以使用theway做先行詞的定語從句翻譯，從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，關(guān)系詞有三種表達形式：1)theway+inwhich...；2)theway+that...；3)theway+從句（省略了that或inwhich），故翻譯為：Weshouldfindthewaytocommunicatewithothers./Weshouldfindthewayofcommunicatingwithothers./Weshouldfindtheway(that/inwhich)wecommunicatewithothe