福建省漳州市2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題（解析版）

2/2福建省漳州市2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共11小題;每小題2.5分，滿分27.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATotapintothedelightsinthesnowandencouragewintersportsandtourism,fourwintertourshaverecentlybeenlaunched.ChangbaiMountainsAcrossNortheastChina’sJilinprovince,thistourprovidesanamazingworldintheChangchunIceandSnowNewWorld.InJilincity,SonghuaLakeResort(旅游勝))isadreamdestinationforskiingfans.AndtheChanghaiMountainsResortshouldn’tbemissed.Evenbeginnerscanalsoenjoytheexcitementfromthepeaktothebottomofthehill.DueNorthInadditiontotherichwinterfuninHarbin,thetourtakestravelerstotheSongnenPlaintovisittheZhalongNationalNatureReserveinQiqihar,theworld’sbiggesthabitatofwildred-crownedcranes(丹頂鶴).Travelerscanthenexplorethecountry’snorthernmostpointofMohecityandthefavoritedestinationfortouristsisBeijiVillage,fromwhichtouristscanlookoutacrosstheborderwithRussia.ColorfulGansuGansu’scapitalLanzhouoffersrichskiexperiences,suchastheLongshaninternationalskiresort.OtherhighlightsinGansuincludeJiayuguan,apassatthewesternendoftheGreatWalldatingbacktotheMingDynastyandMogaoCavesinDunhuang.In1897,itwaslistedasoneofworldculturalheritagesitesbyUNESCO.NorthofXinjiangTakingtravelersnorthofXinjiang,thistouroffersvariousskiresortsinthecityofAltay,GreatviewsandaclosenesstonaturecanbeexperiencedattheTianchi,whichoffersgrandviewsofthesurroundingsnow-cappedpeaks.AlsotheDushanziGrandCanyonwaslistedasoneofthemostbeautifulcanyonsinXinjiang.Variouswintertourismfestivalswillalsobestagedalongthetourtoheatupthecoldair.1.Whichtouristhemostsuitableforaskibeginner?A.ChangbaiMountains. B.DueNorth.C.ColorfulGansu. D.NorthofXinjiang.2.WhatisColorfulGansudifferentfromtheothertours?AItoffersgreatfuninsnowandice.B.Itoffersaclosenesstowildlife.C.Itoffersculturalandhistoricsites.D.Itoffersgrandcanyonscenery.3.Howmanytoursincludethemountainoussnowview?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章推薦了四個(gè)冬季旅行目的地。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Evenbeginnerscanalsoenjoytheexcitementfromthepeaktothebottomofthehill.(即使是初學(xué)者都能感受到從山頂?shù)缴较碌拇碳じ?”可知最適合滑雪初學(xué)者的是長白山，故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ColorfulGansu”段落的“In1897,itwaslistedasoneofworldculturalheritagesitesbyUNESCO(1897年，它被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界文化遺產(chǎn))”可知，ColorfulGansu與其他旅游目的地之間的不同之處在于它能展示文化和歷史遺跡，故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ChangbaiMountains”段落的“theChanghaiMountainsResortshouldn’tbemissed(長白山度假勝地不容錯(cuò)過)”以及“NorthofXinjiang”段落的“GreatviewsandaclosenesstonaturecanbeexperiencedattheTianchi,whichoffersgrandviewsofthesurroundingsnow-cappedpeaks.(在天池可以體驗(yàn)美景并靠近大自然，這里周圍有被積雪覆蓋的雪景)”可知，本文有兩個(gè)旅行能看到山峰雪景，故選B項(xiàng)。BAlotofpeopleareexperiencinghunger,socommunitiesandorganizationsacrosstheU.S.haveputupcommunityfridgesintheircity.Thefridgesofferfreefoodtotheneighborhood.Anyonecantakeordonatefood.ThespreadofCOVID-19hasbroughtmoreattentiontoAmerica’shungerproblem.Ithasalsomadeitworse.Foodshortagedoubledbecausepeoplelosttheirjobs,accordingtoastudybyNorthwesternUniversity.Thelossofajob,highcostsoflivingornotlivingnearastorethathashealthy,affordablefoodcanallcausefoodshortage.Now,therearemorethan160newcommunityfridgesincitiesacrossthecountry.Thefridgescomewithspecialchallenges.Theyneedelectricityandlookingafter.Also,foodsafetyruleshouldalsobeconsidered.Someexpertsfeelthefridgescoverupmoreimportantquestions.Yetthecommunityrelationshipstheycreatecanmakeadifference.MarkBucher,ownerofarestaurantinWashingtonD.C,wantedtohelpmakesurenochildwenthungryinhiscommunity.HecreatedaprogramcalledFeedtheFridge.Restaurantsmakemealswhichgointo19fridgesaroundthecity.Inreturn,therestaurantsgetthemoneythatisdonatedtotheprogram.Thisisanexampleofmutual(相互的)aid.DelanoHunter,apartnerofBucher,said“Thefridgesareawayofprovidingmeals,inarespectfulway,tothosewhoneedthem.”However,communityfridgescannotfixalltheproblems.AndyFisher,anexpertonfoodshortage,believestheproblemishowtheUnitedStatesthinksabouthunger.“Peoplethinkitcanbesolvedbyhandingoutfood,”Fishersaid,“thisignorestheproblemsthatcreatehunger.”Fridgesareshort-termsolutions.Iexpectonedaylong-termsolutionscanbefound.Fornow,thefridgesbringlifebackintocommunitiesatleast.4.Whatadvantagedothecommunityfridgesbring?A.Theyimprovethefoodsafety.B.Theylowerthehighcostofliving.C.Theyconnectthepeopleintheneighborhood.D.Theyprovideaffordablefoodtothecommunity.5.What’sthepurpose-ofMark’sprogram?A.Toattractmorepeopletodonatethefood.B.Toofferfoodinarespectfulwaytoadults.C.Tohelptherestauranttomakemoremoney.D.Topreventkidsinhiscommunityfromhunger.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthe“communityfridges”program?A.Itactsasashort-termsolutiontohunger.B.Itraisesthelivingcostsoftheneedy.C.Itremoveshungerforever.D.Itbringsnotroublenow.7.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.RestaurantshelpAmericancommunityalot.B.VariousproblemsarecausedbyCOVID-19.C.ManyAmericanpeopleareexperiencinghunger.D.CommunityfridgesstrengthentiesduringCOVID-19.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了美國大街上出現(xiàn)了“分享冰柜”，為受疫情影響而需要食物的人免費(fèi)提供食物。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“Someexpertsfeelthefridgescoverupmoreimportantquestions.Yetthecommunityrelationshipstheycreatecanmakeadifference(有些專家認(rèn)為，分享冰柜下面隱藏著更多的問題。然而它們塑造的社區(qū)關(guān)系是很重要的)”可知分享冰柜將社區(qū)里的人和人之間建立聯(lián)系，與C項(xiàng)“Theyconnectthepeopleintheneighborhood(它們將社區(qū)里的人們聯(lián)系起來)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“MarkBucher,ownerofarestaurantinWashingtonD.C,wantedtohelpmakesurenochildwenthungryinhiscommunity.(華盛頓特區(qū)一個(gè)餐館的老板馬克·布赫希望提供幫助，確保在他的社區(qū)沒有孩子挨餓)”可知馬克的項(xiàng)目是要阻止他的社區(qū)的孩子們挨餓，故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Fridgesareshort-termsolutions.(分享冰柜只是短期的解決辦法)”可推理出分享冰柜只能是一種短期解決饑餓問題的辦法，故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。文章第一段引入了“分享冰柜”這個(gè)話題，第二段、第三段和第四段詳細(xì)描述了分享冰柜的運(yùn)行情況，再根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Yetthecommunityrelationshipstheycreatecanmakeadifference.(然而它們塑造的社區(qū)關(guān)系是很重要的)”可推知，本文主要講了在疫情當(dāng)下，社區(qū)分享冰箱加強(qiáng)了人們之間的關(guān)系，故選D項(xiàng)。CNowadaysultraprocessedfoods,suchasprepackagedsoups,sauces,frozenpizzaandready-to-eatmeals,arebecomingincreasinglypopularbecauseoftheirconveniencealthoughtheycouldbringhigherriskofweightandheartproblems.However,anewstudyhasshownthateatingtoomuchultraprocessedfoodscouldsetyouonthefallingroadofcognition(認(rèn)知).Thestudy,presentedonAugust1statthe2022Alzheimer’sAssociationInternationalConference,followedover10,000Braziliansforupto10years.Atthebeginningandendofthestudy,thesubjectstooktwocognitivetestings,whichincludedwordmemory,wordrecognitionandspokenfluency,andtheywerealsoaskedabouttheirdiet.Theresearchersfoundpeoplewhoateover20%ofdailycaloriesfromultraprocessedfoodshada28%fastercognitivedeclinecomparedtothosewhoatelessthan20%.“Thekeyproblemisthatultraprocessedfoodsareusuallyveryhighinsugar,saltandfat,allofwhichcausesystemicinflammation(炎癥),perhapsthemostmajorthreattohealthyaginginthebodyandbrain,”saidRudyTanzi,directorofthegeneticsandagingresearchunitatMassachusettsGeneralHospital.Headded,“Ultraprocessedfoodsalsoreplaceeatingfoodhighinplantfiberthatisimportantforkeepingthehealthandthebalanceofbacteria(細(xì)菌)inyourgutmicrobiome(腸道菌群),whichisparticularlyimportantforbrainhealthandreducingriskofage-relatedbraindiseaseslikeAlzheimer’sdisease.”Unfortunately,ultraprocessedfoodsmakeup25%to30%oftotalcalorieintakeindailydiet.Forapersonwhoeats2,000caloriesaday,20%wouldequal400ormorecalories—forcomparison,asmallorderoffriesandregularcheeseburgerfromMcDonaldscontainsatotalof530calories.“Weallneedtoknowweshouldcookmore.Wesaywedon’thavetimebutitreallydoesn’ttakethatmuchtime,”saidSuemoto,anassistantprofessorattheUniversityofSoPauloMedicalSchool.“Andit’sworthbecausewe’regoingtoprotectourheartandguardourbrainfromAlzheimer’sdisease.”8.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“decline”inParagraph2?A.Change. B.Damage. C.Fall. D.Improvement.9.What’sParagraph2mainlyabout?AThepurposeofthestudy. B.Theprocessofthestudy.C.Theeffectsoftheultraprocessedfoods. D.Thepopularityoftheultraprocessedfoods.10.Whatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutultraprocessedfoods?A.Theyarethemaincauseofbraindiseases.B.Theyarethemostpopularfoodsnowadays.C.Theymakeup20%oftotaldailycalorieintake.D.Theydon’thaveenoughplantfibreneededforbody.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheImportanceofPlantFibreB.MoreHomeCooking,HealthierHeartC.TheConvenienceofUltraprocessedFoodsD.MoreUltraprocessedFoods,WorseCognition【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了超加工食品可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致認(rèn)知能力下降?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)，可知第二段是對(duì)第一段最后一句話的詳細(xì)闡述，根據(jù)第一段最后一句話“However,anewstudyhasshownthateatingtoomuchultraprocessedfoodscouldsetyouonthefallingroadofcognition(然而一項(xiàng)新的研究顯示，吃過多的超加工食品會(huì)導(dǎo)致你的認(rèn)知能力下降)”可知第二段主要以具體的例子證明吃過多的超加工食品會(huì)導(dǎo)致認(rèn)知能力的下降，結(jié)合劃線詞所在句子“Theresearchersfoundpeoplewhoateover20%ofdailycaloriesfromultraprocessedfoodshada28%fastercognitivedeclinecomparedtothosewhoatelessthan20%.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，每天攝入超加工食品熱量超過20%的人，與攝入不足20%的人相比，認(rèn)知能力decline的速度要快28%。)”所以第二段劃下劃線的詞“decline”的含義應(yīng)為：下降，故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Atthebeginningandendofthestudy,thesubjectstooktwocognitivetestings,whichincludedwordmemory,wordrecognitionandspokenfluency,andtheywerealsoaskedabouttheirdiet.(在研究的開始和結(jié)束的時(shí)候，被試接受兩個(gè)認(rèn)知測(cè)試，包括詞匯記憶、詞匯識(shí)別和閱讀流利程度，并且還被問到有關(guān)飲食的問題)”可推知第二段主要講了實(shí)驗(yàn)的過程，故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ultraprocessedfoodsalsoreplaceeatingfoodhighinplantfiberthatisimportantforkeepingthehealthandthebalanceofbacteria(細(xì)菌)inyourgutmicrobiome(超加工食品還會(huì)替代食用含植物纖維較高的食物，這種食物的重要性在于保持健康，維持你的腸道菌群的細(xì)菌平衡)”可推知食用過多的超加工食品會(huì)導(dǎo)致含植物纖維較高的食物攝入不足，故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)，第一段“However,anewstudyhasshownthateatingtoomuchultraprocessedfoodscouldsetyouonthefallingroadofcognition(然而一項(xiàng)新的研究顯示，吃過多的超加工食品會(huì)導(dǎo)致你的認(rèn)知能力下降)”引入了“使用過多的超加工食品會(huì)導(dǎo)致認(rèn)知能力下降”這一話題，這是全文的主題句，再根據(jù)文章最后一句話“Andit’sworthbecausewe’regoingtoprotectourheartandguardourbrainfromAlzheimer’sdisease(這是值得的，因?yàn)槲覀儽Ｗo(hù)了我們的心臟，而且保護(hù)我們的大腦不得帕金森綜合征)”，可知，本文主要講了過多食用超加工食品會(huì)導(dǎo)致認(rèn)知能力下降，故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifsportsaresomethingthatinterestsyou,obviouslyyouwouldwanttobegoodatthem.Succeedingatasporttakesskill,andskilltakespatienceanddetermination.____12____Skillalonemaytakeyoufar,butyou’llnevergoallthewayunlessyouhavetherightattitudeandteamspirittobackitup.Beginfrombasicsfirst.It’scommonthatyoungathleteswanttojumpintotheadvancedskillsquickly.Thisisn’taneffectivewaytospendtrainingtime.Ifyou’renewtoasport,takeasmuchtimeasyouneedtogetthebasicmovementsdownproperly.____13____Eatahealthy,well-balanceddiet.Everyoneshouldmakeapointofeatingadietthatbenefitstheirbody.Thisisespeciallytrueifyouwanttobegreatatsports.____14____Baseyourdietonvegetables,leafygreens,leanproteins,andwholegrains.Setgreatgoalsforyourself.Thisdoesnotmeanbeingunrealistic,orsayingyou’regoingtogoprofessionalwithinayear.____15____Giveyourselfasuitableamountoftimetoachievethatgoal,andbreakitdownintosmallerpartsifthegoalisespeciallybig.____16____Beinggoodatsportsmeansmorethanphysicalstrengthandspeed.Inordertobetrulygreat,youneedtoapplypositiveattitudetothewayyoutreatotherplayers,evenifthey’reontheotherteam.Ifyouloseamatch,acceptthelossandshowrespecttotheotherplayerfortheirvictory.A.Letyourselfhavefun.B.Showgoodsportsmanship.C.However,thereareotherthingsyouneedtothinkabout.D.Itwillmakeadvancedskillsaloteasiertograspinthelongrun.E.Ifyoustoppracticing,chancesarethatsomeonemoredeterminedwillbeatyou.F.Eatingjunkfoodwillworkagainstwhatevereffortsyoumakeinthegym.G.Instead,youshouldtakealookatwhatyouare,andfigureoutwhereyou’dliketobe.【答案】12.C13.D14.F15.G16.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了成功的運(yùn)動(dòng)員需要技術(shù)、耐心和決心，還要有良好的態(tài)度和團(tuán)隊(duì)精神，并提出了成為優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動(dòng)員的幾個(gè)方法?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Succeedingatasporttakesskill,andskilltakespatienceanddetermination(運(yùn)動(dòng)的成功需要技術(shù)，技術(shù)需要耐心和決心)”以及下文“you’llnevergoallthewayunlessyouhavetherightattitudeandteamspirittobackitup.(除非你有著良好的態(tài)度和團(tuán)隊(duì)精神，否則你走不遠(yuǎn))”可知前后句語意轉(zhuǎn)折，且提出了除技術(shù)之外你需要考慮的其他方面，與C項(xiàng)“However,thereareotherthingsyouneedtothinkabout.(然而，還有些其他方面需要你思考)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyou’renewtoasport,takeasmuchtimeasyouneedtogetthebasicmovementsdownproperly.(如果你是一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的新手，盡可能多地花時(shí)間來完成基本動(dòng)作)”可知，基本動(dòng)作練熟悉了，高級(jí)的動(dòng)作才容易掌握，與D項(xiàng)“Itwillmakeadvancedskillsaloteasiertograspinthelongrun.(長遠(yuǎn)來說，這會(huì)使得高級(jí)動(dòng)作更容易掌握)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Everyoneshouldmakeapointofeatingadietthatbenefitstheirbody.Thisisespeciallytrueifyouwanttobegreatatsports.(每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該重視吃對(duì)身體有益的飲食。如果你想在運(yùn)動(dòng)上出色的話，這尤其正確)”可推知不正確的飲食會(huì)對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)上的努力不利，與F項(xiàng)“Eatingjunkfoodwillworkagainstwhatevereffortsyoumakeinthegym.(吃垃圾食品會(huì)對(duì)你在健身房做的所有努力起反作用)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選F項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題“Setgreatgoalsforyourself(設(shè)立你自己的宏偉目標(biāo))”和上文“Thisdoesnotmeanbeingunrealistic,orsayingyou’regoingtogoprofessionalwithinayear.(這并不意味著不切實(shí)際，或者說你將在一年內(nèi)成為專業(yè)人士。)”可知，本段講的是要基于自己的現(xiàn)實(shí)，清楚地知道自己能達(dá)到什么樣的目標(biāo)，與G項(xiàng)“Instead,youshouldtakealookatwhatyouare,andfigureoutwhereyou’dliketobe.(相反，你應(yīng)該審視自己，弄清楚你能打到什么目標(biāo))”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選G項(xiàng)。【16題詳解】根據(jù)文中的“youneedtoapplypositiveattitudetothewayyoutreatotherplayers(你要采用積極的態(tài)度對(duì)待其他運(yùn)動(dòng)員)”以及“Ifyouloseamatch,acceptthelossandshowrespecttotheotherplayerfortheirvictory.(如果你輸了，接受失敗并尊重對(duì)方運(yùn)動(dòng)員獲得勝利)”可知，本段講的是要具備偉大的運(yùn)動(dòng)員精神，與B項(xiàng)“Showgoodsportsmanship(展示出良好的運(yùn)動(dòng)員精神)”表達(dá)的含義一致，可以作為小標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Itwasafreezingwinterdaywhenaspaceheatercausedafireinahigh-riseapartmentbuilding.Thefirewassmallbutit____17____hugeheavysmoke.Becauseabrokenfiredoorwasleft____18____,ittookjustminutesfortheentirebuildingtobecomeadeath____19____forthepeopleinside.Beforefirefighters’arrival,people____20____toevacuatethesmokingbuilding.Singlemother-of-twoKristinwasoneofthehundredsofpeople____21____togetoutofthebuilding.Asshetriedtocarryhertwoyoungchildrendownthecrowded____22____fromherapartment,astrangerappearedoutofnowhereandaskedifsheneeded____23____.ThemanisFrancis,wholivedonthebuilding’stopfloor.Hewasrunningforhis____24____andwhenhesawKristinandherdaughtershe____25____thathecouldn’tjustleavethemtheretostruggleforthemselves._____26_____,hepicked3-year-oldKweenupandtookoffdownthestairsquickly._____27_____helpedKristinandherotherchild_____28_____itoutnotlongafterFrancisandKweengotout.Kristincouldn’t_____29_____whatcouldhavehappenedifFrancishadn’tstoppedtohelp.Manypeoplemighthavebeenso_____30_____bythefirethattheymightjustcareaboutthemselves_____31_____danger,butthismankepthiseyesopenanddidn’thesitate(猶豫)tolendahand.17.A.experienced B.prevented C.produced D.attracted18.A.open B.closed C.behind D.alone19.A.march B.game C.blow D.trap20.A.attempted B.failed C.happened D.continued21.A.struggling B.waiting C.shouting D.refusing22.A.corner B.room C.windows D.stairs23A.advice B.help C.shelter D.escape24.A.job B.life C.meal D.freedom25.A.remembered B.wondered C.realized D.feared26.A.However B.Therefore C.Anyhow D.Besides27.A.Policemen B.Soldiers C.Officials D.Firefighters28.A.work B.check C.stick D.make29.A.imagine B.sense C.express D.bear30.A.excited B.frightened C.annoyed D.confused31.A.inplaceof B.inspiteof C.incaseof D.infaceof【答案】17.C18.A19.D20.A21.A22.D23.B24.B25.C26.B27.D28.D29.A30.B31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在一棟著火的大樓上，弗朗西斯冒著生命危險(xiǎn)幫助帶著兩個(gè)孩子的母親成功脫險(xiǎn)的故事?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：火勢(shì)很小，但是產(chǎn)生了大量的濃煙。A.experienced經(jīng)歷；B.prevented阻止；C.produced產(chǎn)生；D.attracted吸引。根據(jù)上文“Thefirewassmall(火勢(shì)很小)”以及后面的“hugeheavysmoke(大量的濃煙)”可知，濃煙是火產(chǎn)生的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于一個(gè)壞了的防火門開著，幾分鐘內(nèi)整個(gè)大樓變成了樓里面人的死亡陷阱。A.open開著的；B.closed關(guān)著的；C.behind在后面的；D.alone獨(dú)自的。根據(jù)下文“ittookjustminutesfortheentirebuildingtobecomeadeathtrapforthepeopleinside(幾分鐘內(nèi)整個(gè)大樓變成了樓里面人的死亡陷阱)”可知，濃煙是由于防火門開著導(dǎo)致的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.march行進(jìn)；B.game游戲；C.blow擊打；D.trap陷阱。根據(jù)上文“Thefirewassmall,butitproducedhugeheavysmoke(火勢(shì)很小，但是產(chǎn)生了大量的濃煙)”可知，樓內(nèi)遍布濃煙會(huì)導(dǎo)致人窒息，成為了致人死亡的陷阱。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在消防隊(duì)員到達(dá)之前，人們?cè)噲D撤離冒著濃煙的大樓。A.attempted試圖；B.failed失??；C.happened發(fā)生；D.continued繼續(xù)。根據(jù)上文“Beforefirefighters’arrival(在消防隊(duì)員到達(dá)之前)”可知，此時(shí)樓內(nèi)到處是濃煙，但消防隊(duì)員還沒到，樓里的人們只能試圖自救。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：帶著兩個(gè)孩子的單身母親克里斯汀是掙扎著往大樓外面擠的幾百個(gè)人之一。A.struggling掙扎著；B.waiting等待；C.shouting大喊；D.refusing拒絕。根據(jù)下文“getoutofthebuilding(出大樓)”可知，樓內(nèi)非常危險(xiǎn)，人們掙扎著要逃離大樓，故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：正當(dāng)她抱著兩個(gè)幼童從她的公寓出門下?lián)頂D的樓梯的時(shí)候，一個(gè)陌生男子突然出現(xiàn)并問她是否需要幫助。A.corner角落；B.room房間；C.windows窗戶；D.stairs樓梯。根據(jù)下文“fromherapartment(從她的公寓)”可知，樓里面著火，這個(gè)母親抱著兩個(gè)孩子要下樓梯逃離大樓。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.advice建議；B.help幫助；C.shelter遮擋處；D.escape逃跑。根據(jù)上文“astrangerappearedoutofnowhereandaskedifsheneeded(一個(gè)陌生男子突然出現(xiàn)并問她)”可知，樓里面著火，形勢(shì)緊急，而這位母親帶著兩個(gè)孩子艱難下樓，陌生男子是要幫助這個(gè)母親和孩子逃離，所以要問是否需要幫助。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他在逃命，當(dāng)看見克里斯汀和她的兩個(gè)女兒的時(shí)候，他意識(shí)到不能丟下她們獨(dú)自搏命。A.job工作；B.life生命；C.meal飯；D.freedom自由。根據(jù)上文“Hewasrunning(他在跑)”可知，樓里面著火了，他奔跑是要逃命。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.remembered記得；B.wondered想知道；C.realized意識(shí)到；D.feared害怕。根據(jù)下文“hecouldn’tjustleavethemtheretostruggleforthemselves(他不能丟下她們獨(dú)自搏命)”可知，這是弗朗西斯的想法，他意識(shí)到應(yīng)該在危險(xiǎn)中幫助母女脫險(xiǎn)，故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，他抱起了三歲的柯文并快速跑下樓。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Anyhow無論如何；D.Besides另外。根據(jù)上文“hecouldn’tjustleavethemtheretostruggleforthemselves(他不能丟下她們獨(dú)自搏命)”可知，弗朗西斯要幫助母女脫險(xiǎn)，與后一句之間為因果關(guān)系。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在弗朗西斯和柯文脫險(xiǎn)不久以后，消防隊(duì)員幫助克里斯汀和她的另一個(gè)孩子成功脫逃。A.Policemen警察；B.Soldiers士兵；C.Officials官員；D.Firefighters消防隊(duì)員。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Beforefirefighters’arrival(在消防隊(duì)員到達(dá)之前)”以及生活常識(shí)可知，大樓里面著火，應(yīng)為消防隊(duì)員上樓救人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：同上；A.workout成功脫逃；；B.checkout結(jié)賬離開；C.stickout堅(jiān)持到底；D.makeout辨認(rèn)出。根據(jù)上文“FirefightershelpedKristinandherotherchild(消防隊(duì)員幫助克里斯汀和她的另一個(gè)孩子)”以及下文“notlongafterFrancisandKweengotout(在弗朗西斯和柯文脫險(xiǎn)不久以后)”可知，在消防隊(duì)員的幫助下，克里斯汀和她的另一個(gè)孩子成功逃離著火的大樓。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：克里斯汀無法想象如果弗朗西斯沒有停下來幫助她的話，會(huì)有什么事發(fā)生。A.imagine想象；B.sense感覺；C.express表達(dá)；D.bear忍受。根據(jù)下文“whatcouldhavehappened(原本會(huì)發(fā)生什么事)”可知，這不是事實(shí)情況，而是克里斯汀的想象。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：許多人或許如此怕火以至于在面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)的時(shí)候自顧自己，但是這個(gè)人睜開眼睛毫不猶豫地施以援手。A.excited興奮的；B.frightened害怕的；C.annoyed煩惱的；D.confused困惑的。根據(jù)上文大樓著火，以及下文“bythefire(火)”可知，人們懼怕火災(zāi)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：同上。A.inplaceof代替；B.inspiteof盡管；C.incaseof萬一；D.infaceof面臨。根據(jù)上文“theymightjustcareaboutthemselves(他們可能自顧自己)”以及下文“danger(危險(xiǎn))”可推知，人們?cè)诿鎸?duì)危險(xiǎn)的時(shí)候，可能會(huì)自顧自己。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)單句語法填空(共10小題:每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面句子，在空白處填人1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。32.Mysisteristhreeyearssenior________me.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）【答案】to【解析】【詳解】考查介詞。句意：我姐姐比我大3歲。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，beseniorto為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，含義為：比……大，與句子表達(dá)的含義一致，故填to。33.Therecomesatime________youhavetomakeachoice.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）【答案】when【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：總有一天你要做出選擇。分析句子可知，空處及之后內(nèi)容為定語從句，先行詞為time，關(guān)系詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語，所以用關(guān)系副詞when，故填when。34.The________(arrange)ofthemeetingsuitsmewell.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】arrangement【解析】【詳解】考查名詞單數(shù)。句意：會(huì)議安排很適合我。結(jié)合謂語suits單數(shù)形式可知，用單數(shù)名詞arrangement作主語。故填arrangement。35.Theteenager’sbehaviorleftadeep________(impress)onme.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】impression【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：這個(gè)少年的行為給我留下了深刻的印象。由“adeep”可知，此處應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，作謂語動(dòng)詞“l(fā)eft”的賓語。故填impression。36.Humanstakeinoxygenand________(breath)outcarbondioxide.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】breathe【解析】【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和動(dòng)詞。句意：人類吸入氧氣，呼出二氧化碳。空處在句中為謂語，結(jié)合空前“Humanstakeinoxygenand”可知，空處的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是Humans，空格處用動(dòng)詞原形，所以用breathe。故填breathe。37.I________(take)atriptoHainantovisitmygoodfriendnextweek.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】willtake##amtaking##amgoingtotake【解析】【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：下周我將旅行去海南看望我的朋友。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語nextweek可知謂語動(dòng)詞要使用一般將來時(shí)，根據(jù)一般將來時(shí)的用法，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用will+動(dòng)詞原形、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來或begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形，故填willtake/amtaking/amgoingtotake。38.Plentyof________(supply)havebeensenttotheflood-strickenarea.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】supplies【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：大量的物資被送往洪水災(zāi)區(qū)。plentyof的含義為：大量的，后面加不可數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，supply用作名詞時(shí)表示“供給，補(bǔ)給；供應(yīng)品”的意思，是可數(shù)名詞，所以空白處應(yīng)填名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填supplies。39.Itwastheeffortofthewholenation________madethecitycometolife.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）【答案】that【解析】【詳解】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：是整個(gè)國家的努力才使得這個(gè)城市恢復(fù)生機(jī)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，“theeffortofthewholenation”應(yīng)為句子的主語，分析可知句子要強(qiáng)調(diào)主語，根據(jù)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的用法，強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who…，因?yàn)楸粡?qiáng)調(diào)部分不是指人，排除who，故填that。40.Whenyouare________(attract)bythecontentinbooks,youfeeltimeflies.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】attracted【解析】【詳解】考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)你被書的內(nèi)容吸引的時(shí)候，你就會(huì)感到時(shí)光飛逝。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并結(jié)合句意，空白處在句子中作從句謂語且表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義，結(jié)合are，應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式，基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：are+過去分詞，故填attracted。41.________(actual),tourismisthemaineconomicsourceforthelocalpeople.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】Actually【解析】【詳解】考查副詞。句意：事實(shí)上，旅游業(yè)是當(dāng)?shù)厝说闹饕?jīng)濟(jì)來源。副詞actually作狀語，修飾后面的句子，首字母大寫。故填A(yù)ctually。第三節(jié)詞組填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面句子，選擇一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~組填入空白處makeadifferenceratherthankeepbalanceinshockworkoutsetagoodexamplesignupforloseheartprefertorelateto42.Itisbettertoexpressyouranger________builditup.43.Somepeople________doeverythingovertheInternet.44.Goodhabitsthatyouformedatyouthwill________infuture.45.Hearingthebadnews,thewomanstoodfrozen________.46.Heusedto________inthegymtwiceorthreetimesaweek.47.Idothinkandhopethatyouwon’t________evenifyoufail.48.Parentsshouldobeythetrafficrulesto________totheirchildren.49.Thearticles________theeffectsofthesmartphoneonyoungmen.50.Weshould________betweenbusyschoollifeandextra-curricularactivities.51.Sinceyouareinterestedinsinging,whynot________ourschoolsingingcontest?【答案】42.ratherthan43.preferto44.makeadifference45.inshock46.workout47.loseheart48.setagoodexample49.relateto50.keepbalance51.sighupfor【解析】【42題詳解】考查介詞。句意：最好把你的憤怒表達(dá)出來，而不是讓它郁積著。根據(jù)空白處前面的“expressyouranger(表達(dá)你的憤怒)”以及空白處后面的“builditup(郁積起來)”可知前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)選擇表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的介詞或介詞短語，與“ratherthan(是……而不是……)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故填ratherthan。【43題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：許多人喜歡什么事都在網(wǎng)上做。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中作謂語，應(yīng)選擇動(dòng)詞短語，根據(jù)下文“doeverythingovertheInternet(什么事都在網(wǎng)上做)”可知空白處應(yīng)填表示“喜歡做某事”含義的動(dòng)詞短語，故填preferto?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：你在年輕時(shí)形成的習(xí)慣會(huì)對(duì)你的將來很重要。根據(jù)上文“Goodhabitsthatyouformedatyouth(在年輕時(shí)形成的習(xí)慣)”可知，年輕時(shí)形成的習(xí)慣會(huì)對(duì)人的未來有幫助，應(yīng)選擇表示“重要”含義的動(dòng)詞短語，故填makeadifference?！?5題詳解】考查介詞短語。句意：聽到了壞消息，那位女士因驚嚇呆在了原地。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，“Hearingthebadnews(聽到了壞消息)”是“thewomanstoodfrozen(這位婦女呆在原地)”的原因，因此空白處應(yīng)填表示“因?yàn)轶@嚇”含義的介詞短語，故填inshock?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：他以前每周在健身房鍛煉兩到三次。根據(jù)下文“inthegymtwiceorthreetimesaweek(每周在健身房兩到三次)”可推知，他是在健身房每周鍛煉兩到三次，應(yīng)填表示“鍛煉”含義的動(dòng)詞詞組，故填workout?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：即使你失敗了，我的確認(rèn)為，也希望你不會(huì)失去信心。根據(jù)下文“evenifyoufail(即使你失敗了)”可推知上文講的是不失去信心，空白處應(yīng)填入表示“失去信心”含義的動(dòng)詞短語，故填loseheart?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：家長們應(yīng)該遵守交通規(guī)則，以給孩子們樹立榜樣。上文中should表示一種主觀的觀點(diǎn)，家長遵守交通規(guī)則可以為孩子們樹立榜樣，故填setagoodexample?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：這篇文章與智能手機(jī)對(duì)年輕人的影響有關(guān)。根據(jù)下文“theeffectsofthesmartphoneonyoungmen(智能手機(jī)對(duì)年輕人的影響)”可知這是上文articles的內(nèi)容，空白處應(yīng)填表示“與……有關(guān)”含義的動(dòng)詞短語，故填relateto?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：我們應(yīng)該在繁忙的學(xué)校生活和課外活動(dòng)之間保持平衡。根據(jù)下文“betweenbusyschoollifeandextra-curricularactivities(在繁忙的學(xué)校生活和課外活動(dòng)之間)”可知這是兩個(gè)互相影響兩件事，因此空白處應(yīng)填表示“保持平衡”含義的動(dòng)詞短語，故填keepbalance?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：既然你對(duì)唱歌感興趣，為什么不報(bào)名參加我們學(xué)校的歌詠比賽？根據(jù)下文“ourschoolsingingcontest(我們學(xué)校的歌詠比賽)”可知，本句表達(dá)的含義是要報(bào)名參加歌詠比賽，故填sighupfor。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)英漢互譯(共5小題:每小題3分，滿分15分)52.Nomatterwhenyouarrive,givemeacall.（英譯漢）【答案】無論你何時(shí)到達(dá)，都給我打個(gè)電話?！窘馕觥俊驹斀狻靠疾闋钫Z從句?！癗omatterwhen”翻譯為：無論什么時(shí)候，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，“arrive”翻譯為：到達(dá)，“givemeacall”翻譯為：給我打個(gè)電話，故翻譯為：無論你何時(shí)到達(dá)，都給我打個(gè)電話。53.Thescenerywassobeautifulthatitwasalmostbeyonddescription.（英譯漢）【答案】景色太美了以致于無法用言語描述?！窘馕觥俊驹斀狻靠疾楣潭ň湫秃徒樵~短語。“Thescenery”意為：景色；固定句型so...that...意為：如此……以致于……，that后接結(jié)果狀語從句；介詞短語“beyonddescription”意為：無法描述、難以言表。故本句可譯為：景色太美了以致于無法用言語描述。54.這周日他將和我們?nèi)ミh(yuǎn)足。(gohiking)（漢譯英）【答案】Hewillgohiking/isgoingtogohiking/isgoinghikingwithusthisSunday.【解析】【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和動(dòng)詞短語。時(shí)間狀語“這周日”可譯為thisSunday。括號(hào)里所給動(dòng)詞短語gohiking，意為“去遠(yuǎn)足”，作句中謂語。再根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語，可知此句用一般將來時(shí)態(tài)。一般將來時(shí)可表示為willdo或begoingtodo。此動(dòng)詞短語中的go，還可以用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表將來。結(jié)合主語he，所以此句主語和謂語表示為：Hewillgohiking/isgoingtogohiking/isgoinghiking?！昂臀覀円黄稹北硎緸閣ithus。故翻譯為Hewillgohiking/isgoingtogohiking/isgoinghikingwithusthisSunday。55.我們應(yīng)該找到和別人交流的方式。(theway)（漢譯英）【答案】Weshouldfindthewaytocommunicatewithothers.或Weshouldfindthewayofcommunicatingwithothers.或Weshouldfindtheway(that/inwhich)wecommunicatewithothers.【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、非謂語動(dòng)詞和定語從句。根據(jù)提示，“方式”翻譯為：theway，“應(yīng)該”翻譯為：should，“和別人交流”翻譯為：communicatewithothers。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可以使用動(dòng)詞不定式作定語修飾theway的方式翻譯，也可以使用“介詞of+動(dòng)名詞”的方式翻譯，還可以使用theway做先行詞的定語從句翻譯，從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，關(guān)系詞有三種表達(dá)形式：1)theway+inwhich...；2)theway+that...；3)theway+從句（省略了that或inwhich），故翻譯為：Weshouldfindthewaytocommunicatewithothers./Weshouldfindthewayofcommunicatingwithothers./Weshouldfindtheway(that/inwhich)wecommunicatewithothe