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Whenwasitinvented?SectionA2d&grammarUnit6
Smallinventionscanevenchangetheworld.matchbuttonbarcodezip/zipper
zipperHowdozipperswork?1.WhichinventiondoesRoythinkof?
Thezipper.2.WhydoesRoythinkit’sagreatinvention?
Becauseitisoftenusedinourdailylives.3.Whowasitinventedby?
WhitbJudson.4.Whendiditbeepopular?
Around1917.PaulistalkingabouthisschoolprojectwithRoy.2d/?pr?d?ekt/Paul:HeyRoy,thesubjectformyschoolprojectis“Smallinventionsthat
changedtheworld.”Canyouhelpmethinkofaninvention?Roy:Withpleasure!Letmethink…h(huán)mm…Iknow!Thezipper!Paul:Thezipper?Isitreallysuchagreatinvention?Roy:Thinkabouthowoftenit’susedinourdailylives.Youcan
see
zippersondresses,trousers,shoes,bags…almosteverywhere!Paul:Well,youdoseemtohaveapoint…Roy:Ofcourse!IthoughtaboutitbecauseIsawawebsitelastweek.The
pioneersofdifferentinventionswerelistedthere.Forexample,it
mentionedthatthezipperwasinventedbyWhitbJudsonin
1893.Butatthattime,itwasn’tusedwidely.Paul:Really?Sowhendiditbeepopular?Roy:Around1917.Roleplaytheconversation.2d/?pa???n??//?websa?t/Thezipperisagreat___________andit________ofteninourdailylives.It__________________
WhitbJudsonin______.Thezipperbecamepopular_____________.inventionisused1893around1917Haveasummaryaboutthezipper.wasinventedbyWhenwasthezipperinvented?Itwasinventedin1893.Whowasitinventedby?ItwasinventedbyWhitbJudson.WhenwasteabroughttoKorea?ItwasbroughttoKoreaduringthe6thand7thcenturies.Whatisthehoticecreamscoopusedfor?It’susedforservingreallycoldicecreamActiveVoice:AlexandarGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.PassiveVoice:Thetelephonewasinvented(byAlexanderGrahamBell)in1876.GrammarFocus1.肯定句:主語+was/were+Ved+(by…)Thenewswaspublishedbythegovernment.2.否定句:主語+was/were+not+Ved
+(by…)3.一般疑問句:Was/Were+主語+Ved
+(by…)?Thenewswasn’tpublishedbythegovernment.Wasthenewspublishedbythegovernment?特殊疑問句:疑問詞+was/were+主語+Ved
+(by…)?Whenwasthenewspublishedbythegovernment?一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):“主語+was/were+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(+by+動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者).”常見幾種句型結(jié)構(gòu):一、一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)句子結(jié)構(gòu)用法例句不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者Thesebookswerewrittenforchildren.強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者ThebookwaswrittenbyMoYan.動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是無生命的事物Manytrafficaccidentswerecausedbycarelessdriving.二、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法:
Edison
invented
thelightbulb.Thelightbulb
wasinvented
byEdison.主語謂語動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)語態(tài)(過去時(shí))賓語主語謂語動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語態(tài)(be+Ved)介詞+賓語◆主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法①主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語變成by引導(dǎo)的介詞短語放在主謂結(jié)構(gòu)后面,有時(shí)可以省略。②主動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞變成“was/weredone”形式。③主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語。三、主動(dòng)語變被動(dòng)語態(tài)方法及注意問題1.有些短語動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞,變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí)介詞或副詞不能去掉。
e.g.Theyputoffthemeetingbecauseoftheweather.→Themeetingwasputoffbecauseoftheweather.
會(huì)議因天氣的緣故被推遲了。主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)應(yīng)注意的問題2.含有雙賓語的主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí),通常把指“人”的間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,指“物”的直接賓語保留不變;如果把指“物”的直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,則在間接語前加to或for。e.g.Myauntgavemeanedictionaryyesterday.
Iwasgivenanedictionaryyesterday.
Anedictionarywasgiventomeyesterday.3.主動(dòng)句中感官動(dòng)詞see/hear/watch/feel等和使役動(dòng)詞make/let/have等后跟省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式,變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)加上不定式標(biāo)志to。e.g.Isawaheavymanenterthehouse.
Aheavymanwasseentoenterthehouse.4.系動(dòng)詞、不及物動(dòng)詞或某些短語動(dòng)詞(happen,takeplace,etrue,fallasleep…)沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。e.g.WhathappenedtoMr.Brown?
布朗先生發(fā)生了什么事?主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)應(yīng)注意的問題主動(dòng)語態(tài)不能變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的情況當(dāng)賓語是反身代詞或相互代詞時(shí)Hemadehimselfacupofcoffee.Theyhelpeachother.當(dāng)賓語是不定式或Ving時(shí)Weallwanttobeteachers.當(dāng)某些動(dòng)詞表示狀態(tài)或結(jié)果時(shí)Themilktastesslightlysour.當(dāng)賓語表示數(shù)量、重量、大小或程度Thejadeweighsoneton.Rewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.1.Theysoldthefridge
atalowprice._________________________________________________________2.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom._________________________________________________________3.Wheredidyoutakethephotosofthesewolves? _________________________________________________________4.Theguidewarnedthemnottoclimbthemountaininbadweather. ________________________________________________________5.Differentwriterstranslatedthebookintodifferentlanguages. _________________________________________________________Thefridgewassoldatalowprice.Mycamerawasstolenbysomebodyfrommyhotelroom.Wherewerethephotosofthesewolvestaken?Theywerewarnedbytheguidenottoclimbthemountaininthebadweather.Thebookwastranslatedintodifferentlanguages
bydifferentwriters.4aeat,like,invite,tell,lock,ring,break,bringCompletethesentenceswithcorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.1.You____________tothepartylastnight,weren’tyou?Whydidn’tyougo?2.Theearthquakehappenedallofasudden,butluckilythevillagers____________toasafeplace.3.Thedoor__________whenwearrived,sowe______thebell.4.Thestudents___________nottoeator drinkinclass,butRuby______therulewhenshestartedeatingabiscuitinscienceclass.5.Thecookies__________bythehungrykidsinlessthan20minutes,andtheyreally_____them.wereinvitedwerebroughtwaslockedrangbrokeweretoldwereeatenlikedv.鎖上n.鎖v.發(fā)出鈴聲4bDecidewhetheractiveorpassiveformsshouldbeusedinthesesentence.Writethecorrectformsintheblanks.Thetelephone___________(invent)byAlexanderGrahamBell.He________(born)in1847.Mr.Bell________(work)ontheinventionofthetelephonewithThomasWatson.In1875,Mr.Bell_______(learn)howtosendmusicalnotesthroughaninstrumentsimilartoatelepho
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