SCI寫作常用句型

1、SCI論文寫作句式（完善版）寫作框架圖:Abstract 論文主題 理論基礎(chǔ)、研究方法 研究結(jié)果 結(jié)論、影響和價(jià)值Introduction 背景介紹 該領(lǐng)域研究現(xiàn)狀概述、現(xiàn)有問題 引出本文研究目標(biāo) 研究范疇、具體研究過程 說明篇章結(jié)構(gòu)Materials and methods 術(shù)語定義、對(duì)象描述 實(shí)驗(yàn)方法、原理 實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟 示例、圖示Results 列舉最重要的結(jié)果 Discussion 結(jié)果推論 解釋原因 對(duì)比他人的結(jié)果 比較性能 是否符合理論模型 本文結(jié)果意義 本文研究的局限 研究展望ConclusionAcknowledgementReferencesAbstract摘要以最簡(jiǎn)潔的文字概括

2、論文，點(diǎn)明研究的目的、途徑、結(jié)果、意義，以便讀者決定是否要閱讀全文。摘要一般包含幾項(xiàng)內(nèi)容：1. 論文主題（1句）2. 理論基礎(chǔ)、途徑、方法（1-2句）3. 研究結(jié)果（1句）4. 影響和價(jià)值（1句）1.論文主題In this paper, we present a approach to 本文提出了一種針對(duì)的方法。In this paper, we describe improved models for 本文介紹幾種針對(duì)的改進(jìn)的模型。We propose a new model and algorithm that enables us to 我們提出一種新的模型和算法，它讓我們能夠We pr

3、esent a model that enables 我們提出了一種模型，它使我們能夠This paper demonstrates the ability of to perform robust and accurate 本文證明了進(jìn)行可靠準(zhǔn)確的的能力。In this paper we report results of a approach to 本文報(bào)導(dǎo)了的方法的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果。This paper demonstrates that can effectively with very high accuracy.本文證明，能夠有效地準(zhǔn)確地The purpose/goal/intention

4、/objective/object/emphasis/aim of this paper is 本文的目的是The primary/chief/overall/main object of this study is to survey 本研究的首要目標(biāo)是考察The chief aim of this paper/research/study/experiment/the present work is 本文的主要目標(biāo)是The emphasis of this study lies in 我們的研究重點(diǎn)是The work presented in this paper focuses on 本

5、文所述工作重點(diǎn)放在Our goal has been to provide 我們的目標(biāo)是提供The main objective of our investigation has been to obtain some knowledge of 我們的研究目標(biāo)是獲取有關(guān)的知識(shí)。The object of this fundamental research will be to reveal 此項(xiàng)基礎(chǔ)研究的目標(biāo)是揭示W(wǎng)ith his recent research, the author intends to outline the framework of 通過最近的研究，作者試圖描繪的構(gòu)架。

6、The author attempted the set of experiments with a view to demonstrating certain phenomena in 作者本著驗(yàn)證中的一些現(xiàn)象的目的，進(jìn)行了這些試驗(yàn)The authors are now initiating experimental investigation to establish 作者正在著手試驗(yàn)性研究，以建立With his research, the authors endeavor is to explain 作者開展此項(xiàng)研究的目的是要解釋In this paper we aim at 本文的目

7、標(biāo)是2.本文研究的理論基礎(chǔ)、途徑和方法This is a working theory which is based on 這是一項(xiàng)基于的實(shí)用理論。The method used in our study is known as 我們?cè)谘芯恐胁捎玫姆椒ū环Q為The technique we applied is referred to as 我們采用的技術(shù)被稱為The problem we have outlined deals largely with the study of 我們所述問題很大程度上涉及對(duì)的研究。The experiment made by the research gro

8、up is aimed at obtaining the results 研究小組所做實(shí)驗(yàn)旨在獲取有關(guān)的結(jié)果。Included in the experiment were 實(shí)驗(yàn)包括A number of experiments were performed to check 我們開展了大量實(shí)驗(yàn)以檢查Experiments on were made to measure 我們進(jìn)行了針對(duì)的實(shí)驗(yàn)，以測(cè)量We have carried out several sets of experiments to test the validity of 我們進(jìn)行了一系列實(shí)驗(yàn)以測(cè)試的有效性。We undert

9、ook the experiment to support the hypothesis of 我們開展此項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)以支持假設(shè)。3.研究結(jié)果Detailed information has been acquired by the author about 作者得到了有關(guān)的詳細(xì)信息。The research has recorded valuable data about 本研究記錄到了關(guān)于的有價(jià)值數(shù)據(jù)。The results of the experiment indicate that 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明The studies we have performed showed that 我們所做研究

10、表明The research we have done suggests that 我們所做研究表明We carried out several studies which have demonstrated that 我們開展了幾項(xiàng)研究，驗(yàn)證了The investigation carried out by us has revealed that 我們所做研究揭示了From the experiment, the authors came to realize that 從此項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，作者終于認(rèn)識(shí)到4.研究的影響和價(jià)值A(chǔ)ll our preliminary results throw li

11、ght on the nature of 我們的初步研究結(jié)果有助于揭示的本質(zhì)。This fruitful work gives explanation of 我們富有成果的研究工作解釋了The authors pioneer work has contributed to our present understanding of 作者的開創(chuàng)性工作有助于理解The research work has brought about a discovery of 研究工作帶來一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)The research has resulted in a solution of 研究工作帶來一個(gè)問題的解決方案Ou

12、r work involving studies of prove to be encouraging.我們涉及研究的工作，事實(shí)證明是鼓舞人心的Laboratory studies of did not furnish any information about 對(duì)的實(shí)驗(yàn)室研究沒有提供任何關(guān)于的信息。Introduction引言部分介紹此項(xiàng)研究的主題、背景、范疇，并說明全文的結(jié)構(gòu)，便于讀者閱讀，一般包含幾項(xiàng)內(nèi)容：1. 背景介紹2. 現(xiàn)有問題3. 研究目標(biāo)4. 篇章結(jié)構(gòu)1.背景介紹 has been a hot topic in research.在研究中，已成為研究熱點(diǎn)。 is the pro

13、blem that has received the most attention in the literature.在文獻(xiàn)中，是受到最多關(guān)注的問題。 have attracted much attention from academia.已經(jīng)引起學(xué)術(shù)界的很大關(guān)注。 has been of considerable interest to the community in recent years.近年來，已經(jīng)引起界的極大關(guān)注。It is well known that 眾所周知，It is reported that 據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo)，There have been studies highligh

14、ting 此前已經(jīng)有一些針對(duì)的研究。Over the past 3 decades, 在過去的三十年，The previous work on has indicated that 先前關(guān)于的研表明Recent experiments by have suggested 最近做的實(shí)驗(yàn)表明Recent experiments in this area suggested that 這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的最新實(shí)驗(yàn)表明The approach adopted extensively is called 被廣泛采用的方法稱為Several researchers have theoretically invest

15、igated 有幾個(gè)研究者已經(jīng)從理論上考察了In most studies of , has been emphasized with attention being given to 在大多數(shù)對(duì)的研究中，受到高度重視，人們關(guān)注的是Industrial application of is becoming increasingly common.的工業(yè)化應(yīng)用日益普及。The approaches fall into two major groups.現(xiàn)有方法主要分成兩類。The approaches can be divided into two general classes.現(xiàn)有方法一般分

16、成兩類。The approaches may be classified into two categories.現(xiàn)有方法可以分成兩類。The approaches are of two broad.現(xiàn)有方法分成兩類。2.該領(lǐng)域現(xiàn)有問題Great progress has been made in this field, but/however, nevertheless 雖然這個(gè)領(lǐng)域已經(jīng)取得重大進(jìn)步，但是A part of the explanation could lie in However, 部分解釋可能在于。但是，The study of gives rise to two main

17、 difficulties: one is ; the other is 研究遇到兩個(gè)主要困難：一個(gè)是；另一個(gè)是Also, the consideration of alone cannot explain the observed fact that 單獨(dú)考慮無法解釋觀察到的事實(shí)，即From the above discussion, it appears that at present neither nor 從以上討論可知，目前既不也不Despite the recent progress reviewed in , there is no generally accepted theo

18、ry concerning除了已經(jīng)在中回顧的最新進(jìn)展，還沒有關(guān)于的廣為接受的理論。The only research that I am aware of that has dealt directly with the problem of is a series of papers by 我所知道的直接針對(duì)問題的唯一研究是發(fā)表的一系列論文。Experiments of this kind have not been performed.這種實(shí)驗(yàn)還沒有人做過。Until now no field experiments of have been reported.目前為此，還沒有關(guān)于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)

19、的報(bào)導(dǎo)。The method we used differs greatly from the one reported last year.我們使用的方法與去年報(bào)導(dǎo)的有很大不同。No clear advancement has so far been seen in 在領(lǐng)域，還沒有出現(xiàn)明顯的進(jìn)展。The data available in literature failed to prove that 文獻(xiàn)中的數(shù)據(jù)無法證明3.引出自己的研究目標(biāo)We propose as a solution to address this problem.我們提出作為應(yīng)對(duì)這個(gè)問題的方案。We build s

20、everal different models to address these issues and to improve for the benefit of 我們構(gòu)建了幾個(gè)不同的模型，以應(yīng)對(duì)這些問題，并針對(duì)改進(jìn)In this paper, is investigated/studied/discussed/presented本文研究This paper reports on 本文對(duì)進(jìn)行報(bào)告The purpose of this paper/study/thesis is 本文的目的是The primary goal of this research is 此項(xiàng)研究的首要目標(biāo)是The pr

21、esent study will therefore focus on 因此，當(dāng)前研究的重點(diǎn)放在The present work deals mainly with 當(dāng)前工作主要涉及In this paper, we aim at 本文旨在On the basis of existing literature data, we carried out studies in an effort to 在現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上，我們開展了研究，試圖4.研究范疇The problem under discussion is within the scope of 討論的問題限于范疇。The probl

22、em I have referred to falls within the field of 我談及有問題發(fā)生在領(lǐng)域。The problem we have just outlined seems to be inside of the province of 我們先前描述的問題似乎只發(fā)生在省。Studies with these effects covered various aspects of 針對(duì)這些效果的研究涵蓋了的不同方面。The author has limited his studies to the related aspects of 作者將研究范圍限定在的相關(guān)方面。Ou

23、r studies with this technique are confined to only one particular aspect of 我們運(yùn)用此項(xiàng)技術(shù)的研究只限于的一個(gè)特定方面。This subject is concerned chiefly with the study of 本課題主要涉及的研究。The approach under study is only applied to 研究的方法只能應(yīng)用于The theory cannot apply to other cases of 本理論不適用于其它情況。The emphasis of this paper is t

24、o survey 本文的重點(diǎn)是調(diào)查5.說明篇章結(jié)構(gòu)This paper is divided into 5 sections as follows 本文分成如下五個(gè)部分Section one of the paper opens with 第一節(jié)以開頭Section 3 develops the second hypotheses on 每三節(jié)展開關(guān)于的第二項(xiàng)假設(shè)Section 4 shows/introduces/reveals/treats/ develops/deal with 第四節(jié)描述The 5th section provides an exposition that places

25、 the primary emphasis on 第五節(jié)是展示部分，重點(diǎn)放在The result of is given in the last section.的結(jié)果放在最后一部分。In this paper, data and results are presented under the major heading of 本文中，數(shù)據(jù)和結(jié)果放在大標(biāo)題下。Finally, a summary is given of 最后，給出關(guān)于的結(jié)論。Finally, some problems that deserve to be noted and their solution are presen

26、ted.最后提出了應(yīng)注意的一些問題和解決方法。Materials and methods作者可通過定義、描寫、說明、舉例、實(shí)驗(yàn)、論證、比較、分析綜合、判斷推理等不同的方式來證實(shí)在引言中所提及的主題，闡明研究是怎樣完成的。常用表達(dá)手法介紹：1. 定義、描述2. 推導(dǎo)、實(shí)驗(yàn)方法3. 實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟4. 示例、圖示1.術(shù)語定義、對(duì)象描述描述The theory is characterized by 該理論具有特點(diǎn)。The fundamental feature of this theory is as follows.該理論的基本特點(diǎn)如下。Our system uses a framework.我們的系

27、統(tǒng)采用構(gòu)架。 is composed of the following main parts: 由下列主要部分構(gòu)成：Our algorithm consists of two parts, a and a 我們的算法由兩部分構(gòu)成，一個(gè)和一個(gè) consist mainly of but also include , , and 主要由構(gòu)成，但也包括、和 has two key components: a specification of , and the algorithm.包含兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵部分：一個(gè)關(guān)于的規(guī)范，還有一個(gè)就是算法。定義 is called 叫作It is called in phy

28、sics.它在物理學(xué)上被稱為This equation is known as law.這個(gè)等式被叫做定律。Here, the term just refers to a 在這里，“”一詞僅指一個(gè)We may refer to such a cell as a 我們可以把這樣的單元稱為We will consequently refer to it as 由此，我們將它稱為Such indicator functions are referred to as instead of throughout the rest of the paper.在論文的其余部分，這樣的指示函數(shù)被稱為，而不是。

29、The objective function, later referred to as , is as follows.目標(biāo)函數(shù)，在下文中被稱為，形式如下。2.推導(dǎo)、實(shí)驗(yàn)方法This formula is verified by 公式通過驗(yàn)證。Substituting in/into , we obtain/have/get 將替換進(jìn)，我們得到Substituting in/into gives/yields/results in 將替換進(jìn)，產(chǎn)生Let us now consider the case where 讓我們來思考一下的情況。Suppose that is a solution

30、of 假設(shè)是的解。If m=1.2, then we have the following equations:如果m=1.2，可以得到下列等式：Given that m=1.2, we obtain 假設(shè)m=1.2，可以得到The relationship between and is as follows: 與之間的關(guān)系如下：To eliminate such possibilities, we implemented a 為了消除這種可能性，我們實(shí)現(xiàn)了一個(gè) is determined by using the 通過來確定 is assigned to 將賦予The sections we

31、re rinsed to remove 清洗截面，以去除The from each section were removed.去除每個(gè)截面上的Five were selected at random.隨機(jī)挑選五個(gè)3.實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟The procedure we followed can be briefly described as 我們所采用的步驟可以簡(jiǎn)單地這么說，The steps taken are: 所采用的步驟是：The experiment consisted of three steps, which are described in 實(shí)驗(yàn)包括三步，在中描述。The algorith

32、m has four steps.算法分成四步。The Viterbi algorithm has three steps: initialization, induction, and termination and path-readout.韋特比算法分三個(gè)步驟：初始化、推導(dǎo)、終止和路徑讀出。The typical MUC system goes through roughly these steps: 典型的MUC系統(tǒng)大致要經(jīng)過這些步驟：After is done by , a step is applied to 做完后，要進(jìn)行步驟，以The second step is to per

33、form 第二步是進(jìn)行Second came the phase.第二步是階段。The last step is to 最后一步是Lastly came the phase, which involved 最后一步是階段，這一步包括4.示例、圖示As shown in Table 3, 如表三所示，As can be seen from the data in Table 1, 正如表一中的數(shù)據(jù)所示，As described in Figure 3.2, 正如圖3.2所示，The coefficient varies with the shape of the object (see Tabl

34、e 1).系數(shù)隨物體的形狀而異（參見表一）。Here are few examples to illustrate this principle.略舉數(shù)例，用以說明這一原理。A simple example will serve to illustrate the point.一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的例子可以說明這一點(diǎn)。The above diagram serves to illustrate the principle of 上述圖表是用來說明的作用原理的。We illustrate this method with an example of a small project.我們舉一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的工程任務(wù)的

35、實(shí)例說明這一方法。The following example will illustrate a typical method for solving such problems.下面舉一個(gè)解決這類問題的典型方法的例子。To illustrate my point I have done a comparative analysis.為說明我的觀點(diǎn)，我做了對(duì)比分析。To illustrate the foregoing analysis, consider a 為了舉例闡明以上的分析，我們考慮一種We now illustrate the entire procedure in solving

36、 a problem.我們現(xiàn)在來舉例說明解一個(gè)題的全部過程。Those are expressly designed to illustrate 那些是用來說明的巧妙想法。Results本部分列舉研究結(jié)果，分析產(chǎn)生這些結(jié)果的原因，與他人的結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較，指出由這些結(jié)果可以進(jìn)一步推導(dǎo)出什么結(jié)論。列舉最重要的結(jié)果Table 1 shows/provides details of the test results.表一顯示了試驗(yàn)結(jié)果的細(xì)節(jié)。Figure 4.2 gives the results of the experiment.圖4.2給出了實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果。Figure 3 shows the res

37、ults obtained from the studies of 圖三顯示從本研究中得到的結(jié)果Table 2 presents the data provided by the experiments on 表二給出了實(shí)驗(yàn)獲得的數(shù)據(jù)This table summarized the data collected during the experiment of 表格總結(jié)了實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中收集的數(shù)據(jù)Our experimental data are briefly summarized as follows 我們的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)簡(jiǎn)要總結(jié)如下The direct outcome was reported i

38、n 直接的成果呈現(xiàn)在Discussion 在討論部分中，作者通常對(duì)研究結(jié)果所涉及的深層關(guān)系和原因進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明，指出本研究的影響及局限。因?yàn)殛愂龅氖亲髡叩囊娊夂徒Y(jié)論，所以句型多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。1.結(jié)果推論The research we have done suggests an increase in 我們所做研究表明增長(zhǎng)These results suggest that 這些結(jié)果表明，These findings suggest that there is a genetic component to alcoholism.這些研究結(jié)果表明酒精中毒癥是有遺傳因素的。Our data ther

39、efore suggest the markets are not in fact random.我們的數(shù)據(jù)表明，市場(chǎng)實(shí)際上并不是隨機(jī)的。These results suggest evolutionary convergence in the mechanisms of peptide hydrolysis.這些結(jié)果表明肽水解機(jī)制中存在進(jìn)化趨同現(xiàn)象。2.解釋原因These findings are understandable because 這些發(fā)現(xiàn)很容易理解，因?yàn)镸ass flow occurs as a result of external forces.質(zhì)體流動(dòng)的發(fā)生是由于外力的結(jié)果

40、。This occurs as a result of various intraocular diseases such as high myopia.這是由于各種眼內(nèi)疾病如高度近視的結(jié)果。Fermentation is the result of the action of minute organisms.發(fā)酵是由于許多微小生物作用的結(jié)果。The resemblance of families such as the Verbenaceae and Labiate is the result ofevolutionary convergence.科的相似性，如馬鞭草科與唇形科的相似性，是

41、進(jìn)化上的趨同造成的。The interaction between two surfaces is the result of repulsion and attraction forces.兩個(gè)表面間的相互作用是由于吸引力和排斥力作用的結(jié)果。The further growth of a bar is due to a lowering of sea level.砂洲的進(jìn)一步生長(zhǎng)是由于海平面正在下降的結(jié)果。Pernicious anemia in human is due to failure of absorption of vitamin B 12.人的惡性貧血是由于不能吸收維生素B12

42、的結(jié)果。3.與其他研究者的結(jié)果做比較The data obtained appear to be similar to those reported earlier by 得到的數(shù)據(jù)似乎與發(fā)表的相似。These results agree with Gerners analysis, in that varies inversely with 這些結(jié)果與Gerner的分析相吻合，即與成反比。4.與其它方法進(jìn)行性能比較The recognition rate of our system is significantly higher than that reported for Tokens s

43、ystem.我們系統(tǒng)的識(shí)別率遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于已報(bào)導(dǎo)的Token系統(tǒng)的識(shí)別率。There are only a few to my knowledge with speeds of the same order of magnitude.就我所知，只有少數(shù)的速度達(dá)到同等級(jí)別。It is one of the fastest I am aware of, achieving speeds of per second on an SGI.這是我所知道的最快的之一，在SGI機(jī)器上達(dá)到每秒的處理速度。5.實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)是否與理論模型符合The measured temperatures along the are a

44、ll highly consistent with the predictions of the theoretical model.沿著測(cè)到的溫度都與理論模型所預(yù)測(cè)的高度一致。Wave theory fails to fit the facts.波動(dòng)理論與事實(shí)完全不符。This approach corresponds to much of the work done on urban-growth theory.這一研究方法與對(duì)城市發(fā)展學(xué)說的許多研究工作相吻合。6.結(jié)果的意義These results provide substantial evidence for the origina

45、l assumptions.這些結(jié)果為最初的假設(shè)提供了堅(jiān)實(shí)的證據(jù)。These experimental results support the original hypothesis that 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果支持了最初假設(shè)，即These results contradict the original hypothesis.這些結(jié)果與當(dāng)初的假設(shè)相矛盾。The present results are consistent with those reported in our earlier work.現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果與我們?cè)缙谡撝袌?bào)導(dǎo)的是一致的。7.本文研究的局限D(zhuǎn)espite the great adva

46、ntages mentioned above there are some pitfalls.盡管前邊提到很多有利方面，但是也有一些隱患。We have not addressed all problems of models.我們尚未涉及模型的所有問題。It should be noted that this study has examined only 請(qǐng)注意，此項(xiàng)研究只考察了The findings of this study are restricted to 本頂研究的結(jié)果僅限于The limitations of this study are clear 本研究的局限性是清楚的T

47、he result of the study cannot be taken as evidence for 本研究的結(jié)果不能作為的證據(jù)Unfortunately, we are unable to determine from this data 不幸的是，從這些數(shù)據(jù)中，我們無法確定8.今后的研究方向This problem remains to be solved.這個(gè)問題有待解決。 remains to be determined.有待確定。It deserves to be further studied which should be selected.選擇哪一種值得進(jìn)一步研究。Co

48、nclusion 結(jié)論是作者對(duì)研究課題進(jìn)行的總體性討論，反映本研究的價(jià)值，并對(duì)以后的研究具有指導(dǎo)意義。應(yīng)包括下列內(nèi)容：1. 概括說明本課題的研究?jī)?nèi)容；2. 較具體說明本研究得出什么結(jié)果，證明了什么假設(shè)或理論，有何創(chuàng)造性成果或見解，解決什么問題等。In conclusion, we state that 總起來說，In summing up it may be stated that 概括起來可以這么說，F(xiàn)rom , we now conclude 從中，我們得出結(jié)論，As a result of our experiments, we concluded that 作為一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果，我們得出結(jié)

49、論，It is concluded that 由此得出結(jié)論，These findings of the research have led the author to the conclusion that 研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)讓作者得出這樣的結(jié)論，即The author has satisfactorily come to the conclusion that 作者滿意地得出結(jié)論，On the basis of , the following conclusion can be made 在基礎(chǔ)上，我們可以得出以下結(jié)論，To sum up, we have revealed 綜上所述，我們已經(jīng)提示了We have demonstrated in this paper 本文中，我們驗(yàn)證了Finally, a summary is given of 最后，給出的總結(jié)In conclusion, the result shows 總之，結(jié)果表明The results of the experiment indicate 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示This fruitful work gives an explanation of 此項(xiàng)富有成果的工作解