考研英語翻譯參考答案 05-14.ppt

1、考研英語,英譯漢 05-14,2005年,（46）Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed-and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe. 電視是引發(fā)和傳遞這些感受的手段之一在歐洲近來發(fā)生的事件中，它把不同的民族和國家連到一起，其作用之大，前所未有。,2005,(47) In Eur

2、ope, as elsewhere multi-media groups have been increasingly successful groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another. 在歐洲，像在其他地方一樣，傳媒集團越來越成功：這些集團將相關的電視、廣播、報紙、雜志和出版社組合在一起。,2005,（48）This alone demonstrates that the televi

3、sion business is not an easy world to survive in a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50% took a loss in 1989. 僅這一點就足以證明，要在電視行業(yè)里生存下來并非易事。統(tǒng)計數(shù)字尤其說明了這一事實，在80個歐洲電視網(wǎng)中，多達一半在1989年虧損。,2005,（49） Creating a “European identity” that respects the

4、 different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice -that of producing programs in Europe for Europe. 不同的文化和傳統(tǒng)把歐洲大陸編織成一體，要創(chuàng)造出一種尊重這些不同文化和傳統(tǒng)的“歐洲品牌”絕非易事，需要人們做出戰(zhàn)略性的選擇。,2005,（50） In dealing with a challenge on su

5、ch a scale, it is no exaggeration to say “United we stand, divided we fall” -and if I had to choose a slogan，it would be “Unity in our diversity.” 在應對如此規(guī)模的挑戰(zhàn)時，可以毫不夸張地說：“聯(lián)合，我們就生存；分裂，我們就滅亡”。,2005,overwhelmingly significant phrase skepticism: n.懷疑論 skeptical:adj.懷疑性的,好懷疑的,無神論的 be able to compete comple

6、te in such a rich and hotly-contested market. integration: n.綜合 integrate: vt.使成整體, 使一體化, 求.的積分 v.結合 integral: adj.完整/ 整體的, 數(shù)學 積分的, 構成整體所需要的 n.數(shù)學 積分, 完整, 部分,2005,oblige: 1. vt.迫使, 責成 2. 使感謝或感激： e.g. I am obliged to you for your gracious hospitality. e.g. They obliged us by arriving early. nonetheles

7、s: adv.雖然如此, 但是 entail: vt.使必需, 使蒙受, 使承擔, 遺傳給 n.建限定繼承權 e.g. an investment that entailed high risk. 一項需承擔高風險的投資 e.g. This job entails a lot of hard work. 這項工作需要十分努力. e.g. entailed property 限定繼承的財產(chǎn),2006年,account worth, standing, or importance: 價值，地位，重要性 e.g. a landowner of some account. 富有的地主 plead 1.

8、 To appeal earnestly; beg 誠懇地請求；乞求 e.g. plead for more time. 2. To offer reasons for or against something; argue earnestly:提出理由以支持或反對某事；認真地爭辯 e.g. plead against a bill 反駁議案 3. To provide an argument or appeal:辯護；提出理由或呼吁： e.g. Your youth and simplicity plead for you in this instance. 在這種情況下你的年輕和單純成為有

9、力的辯護,2006年,(46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic way about moral problems. 我會把“知識分子”定義為這樣的人：他們把以蘇格拉底的方式來思考道德問題作為人生的主要責任和樂趣。 我會把知識分子定義為這樣的人：他把用蘇格拉底方式思考道德問題作為人生的主要任務和樂趣。 我把知識分子定義為這樣的個體：他用蘇格拉底的方式思考道德問題，并以此作

10、為其生命中的主要職責與樂趣。 蘇格拉底: Socrates,2006年,(46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic way about moral problems. 我把知識分子定義為這樣的個體，他把用蘇格拉底的方式思考道德問題作為自己的主要責任與樂趣。 “我會把知識分子定義為這樣的人，他們把以蘇格拉底的方式來思考道德問題的活動作為人生的主要任務和樂趣。”,2006年,

11、elect 1. To pick out; select: 挑出；挑選 E.g. elect an art course. 2. To decide, especially by preference: 決定；決定，尤指憑好惡決定： E.g. elected to take the summer off. 決定夏天休假 articulate: adj. 有關節(jié)的, 發(fā)音清晰的 vt. 用關節(jié)連接, 接合, 清晰明白地說 in the light of: 1) in consideration of: 根據(jù)，從 的觀點 2) in relationship to: 鑒于；基于對的考慮,2006年

12、,(47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision. in a manner: 在某種意義上；多少；以某種方式 知識分子的作用與法官的作用類似，后者必須承擔用盡可能明顯的方式來揭示讓他做出決定的推理過程的責任。 知識分子的作用類似于法官的作用，后者必須承擔起這樣的責任：用盡可能明顯

13、的方式來揭示讓他做出決定的推理過程。 知識分子的作用與法官類似，后者必須接受如下義務，即以盡可能淺顯的方式揭示導致他做出某一決定的推理過程。,2006年,analogous to/with sth: partially similar or parallel; offering an analogy 類似的; 相似的: E.g. The present crisis is analogous with the situation immediately before the war. 目前的危機與大戰(zhàn)前夕的形勢類似 analogy for one:作為其中一個； 舉例來說 e.g. I for

14、 one dont believe it. 至少我就不相信。,2006年,(48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. 我把一般科學家排除在外了，這是因為，盡管科學家的成就可能有助于解決道德問題，但他們只有義務研究這些問題的事

15、實層面。 因為雖然普通科學家的成就有助于解決道德問題，但是他只是承擔了觸及這些問題事實方面的任務，所以我把他排除在外。,(48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.,我之所以把普通科學家排除在外，是因為雖然他的成就有助于解決道

16、德問題，但是他只是承擔了觸及這些問題事實方面的任務。 我之所以把普通科學家排除在外，是因為雖然他的成就有助于解決道德問題，但是他只是觸及了這些問題的事實方面。,2006年,cook his experiments cook: (Slang) To alter or falsify so as to make a more favorable impression; doctor: 【俚語】 偽造：為了產(chǎn)生更加有利的效果而更改或篡改；偽造： E.g. disreputable accountants who were paid to cook the firms books. 因篡改公司的帳冊而

17、聲名狼藉的會計師 doctor: n.醫(yī)生, 博士, 古學者, 修理師 vt.授以博士學位, 診斷, 修改, 治療, 攙混(食物、飲 料) vi.行醫(yī),2006年,(49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. 但是，正如我們并不指

18、望商人把全部精力投入到探索商業(yè)行為規(guī)范中一樣，普通科學家的主要任務也并非思考控制其行為的道德規(guī)范。 但是，普通科學家的主要任務并非思考指導其行為的道德規(guī)范，正如我們并不指望商人把精力投入到商業(yè)行為的探索一樣。 但是，如同人們沒有期待商人致力于思考商業(yè)界的行為準則一樣，一般科學家的主要任務也不是思考控制其活動的道德規(guī)范。,(49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedi

19、cate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.,但是普通科學家的主要任務并非是思考約束其行為的道德準則，這正如人們不期望商人致力于探究商業(yè)行為規(guī)范。 但是普通科學家的主要任務并非思考道德準則，雖然道德準則約束著他的行為；這正如人們不指望商人致力于探究商業(yè)行為規(guī)范。,2006年,code: 1. a systematically arranged and comprehensive collection of laws. 法典：系統(tǒng)編排和廣泛收集的法律匯編 2. a systematic collectio

20、n of regulations and rules of procedure or conduct: 法規(guī)：規(guī)則的系統(tǒng)收集和程序或?qū)嵤┑囊?guī)則： E.g. a traffic code. 交通法規(guī) whereby: 1. adv. 憑什么, 為何 2. conj.In accordance with which; by or through which. 與一致；通過，借以,2006年,(50) They may teach very well and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no indep

21、endent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment. 知識分子可能很會教書，而且不僅僅是掙工資，但是他們大部分人對涉及道德判斷的人類問題很少或者根本不進行獨立思考。 教師可能擅長教書，而且不僅僅專注于賺錢，但是大部分教師對涉及人類道德判斷的問題很少或沒有進行獨立的思考。 知識分子可能教得很好，而且可能不僅為了謀生而教書，但是他們中的大多數(shù)人對于涉及道德判斷的人類問題幾乎或者根本沒有進行過獨立的思考。,2006年,reflection 1. Mental concentration; careful consider

22、ation. 精神集中；仔細考慮 2. A thought or an opinion resulting from such consideration. 深思熟慮的想法：通過這種考慮產(chǎn)生的想法或觀點,eminent,1. Towering or standing out above others; prominent: 高聳的，巍峨的：高出的或顯眼的；突出的： E.g. an eminent peak. 巍峨的山峰 2. Of high rank, station, or quality; noteworthy: 顯赫的：具有很高的頭銜、地位或質(zhì)量的；引人注目的： eminent memb

23、ers of the community. 3. Outstanding, as in character or performance; distinguished: 杰出的：例如在戲劇或表演中杰出的；醒目的 E.g. an eminent historian. noted 杰出的歷史學家,Dont get me wrong. 別誤會我 Its a toss-up. 這是沒準兒的事。 By the time I got the letter that I was hired, I was ready to climb the wall. 我欣喜若狂 climb the wall : （因極端

24、憂慮、激動等而）反應激烈 pink slip,lion in the path: 難關、攔路虎 neck and neck: 并駕齊驅(qū)、不分上下 in full cry against 全力反對；猛烈抨擊 He has great wisdom, to say nothing of his engaging manners. 他智慧過人，更不必說他的翩翩風度了。,2007年,(46) Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rat

25、her than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. equipment: n.裝備, 設備, 器材, 裝置, 鐵道車輛, (一企業(yè)除房地產(chǎn)以外的)固定資產(chǎn), 才能 faculty:n.才能, 本領, 能力, 全體教員, (大學的)系, 科, (授予的)權力 譯文傳統(tǒng)上，在加拿大的高等學府里，學習法律一直被看作是律師的專門工作/專利，而不是一個受過良好教育的人所必須具備的知識素養(yǎng)。,2007,(47) On the other, it links these concepts to ever

26、yday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. 譯文另一方面，法律又將正義、民主和自由這些觀念與日常生活中的實際聯(lián)系在一起，其方式就如同新聞工作者在報道和評論新聞事件時，以日常生活為基礎，使這些觀念與實際情況相結合一樣。 forge:v.1.穩(wěn)步前進, 鑄造, 偽造，2.使形成，做出，設計出,2007,(48) But the idea that the journalist mu

27、st understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. 譯文但是，新聞工作者對于法律的理解應該比普通公民更加深刻，這個觀點是在對于新聞媒體的既定規(guī)范和特殊的社會責任有深刻認識的基礎之上建立的。,2007,(49) In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who d

28、o not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories. 譯文實際上，很難想象那些對于加拿大憲法的基本特點缺乏清晰了解的新聞工作者能夠勝任政治新聞報道的工作。 have a good mastery of sth. have a good command of sth. have a good grasp of sth.,2007年,(50) While comment and reaction from law

29、yers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. 譯文律師的評論和反應當然能夠提升新聞報道的價值，但是，記者們最好還是依靠自己對于事件重要性的認識來做出判斷。 preferable: adj. 更可取的, 更好的, 更優(yōu)越的,test,Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establ

30、ishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law. establish itself:確立自己的地位 2007,48. On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reas

31、oning. 另一方面，有些評論認為盡管達爾文善于觀察，卻并不善于推理。達爾文并不接受此種言論，認為這是沒有根據(jù)的。,2008,2008,47. He asserts, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. 參考答案： 達爾文還聲稱，對于冗長且完全抽象的思想，他的理解能力十分有限

32、。因為這個原因，他確信自己在數(shù)學方面根本不會成功。 for which reason引導非限定性定語從句，結構復雜，信息量較大，應該采用后置法翻譯，比較簡便的方法是翻譯為“由于這個原因”。,ground,drive into the ground 或run into the ground =to belabor (an issue or a subject). 對（問題或主題）作過多說明 from the ground up = from the most basic level to the highest level; completely: 完全地：從最基礎的水平到最高的水平；徹底地：

33、e.g. learn the family business from the ground up. 從頭學習家族生意 on (ones) own ground = In a situation where one has knowledge or competence: 在行：處于自己的知識或能力范圍之內(nèi)的情況下： e.g. a sculptor back on her own ground after experiments with painting 在進行了繪畫方面的探索之后又回到自己領域的雕塑家,pun-1,-This coffee tastes like mud. -Well, i

34、t was ground this morning. grind v. 1. 磨(碎), 碾(碎), 折磨 2. (Informal) to devote oneself to study or work: 【非正式用語】 苦干，苦學：完全投身于學習或工作中; e.g. grinding for a test: 為考試埋頭苦讀； grinding away at housework. 埋頭做家務 n. (Informal) a laborious task, routine, or study: 【非正式用語】 苦力，苦差：費力的任務、日常工作或?qū)W習： the daily grind. 每天必

35、做的苦差,pun -2,-How many feet are there in a yard? - It depends on how many people are standing in the yard. yard: (Abbr. yd) a fundamental unit of length in both the U.S. Customary System and the British Imperial System, equal to 3 feet, or 36 inches (0.9144 meter). 縮寫 yd, 碼：在美國習慣體系和英國皇家體系中的一種基本長度單位.

36、n 院子,工作場地,修車場,草場,畜欄, v 把放入場地：把關進、收進或放進一圍場，似乎進入圍欄 feet: (Abbr. ft.) a unit of length in the U.S. Customary and British Imperial systems equal to 12 inches (0.3048 meter).,pun -3,-What is a dark horse? - A nightmare. dark horse: A little-known, unexpectedly successful entrant, as in a horserace. 黑馬：實力

37、不為人所知卻意外獲勝的參賽者，如在賽馬中 Money makes the mare go. Money can move even the gods. Money talks.,pun -4.,-Whats the smartest animal? -A snake. No one can pull its leg. 1. pull ones leg: 捉弄某人 2. a leg to stand on【俚語】= A justifiable or logical basis for defense; support: 站得住腳的基礎：有根據(jù)、符合邏輯的辯護基礎；支持： e.g. He does

38、nt have a leg to stand on in this debate.,pun -4.,3. a leg up【俚語】 1. The act or an instance of assisting; a boost. 幫助：協(xié)助的行為或?qū)嵗?；支?2. A position of advantage; an edge: 優(yōu)勢：有利的地位；強處： e.g. We have a leg up on the competition. 我們在這次競爭中享有優(yōu)勢 4. on (ones) last legs = At the end of ones strength or resources

39、; ready to collapse, fail, or die. 枯竭，江郎才盡：某人力量或才智的盡頭；即將崩潰、失敗或死亡,pun -5,- What animal is rich? - Bloodhound, because its always picking up scents. bloodhound: n.一種大偵探犬 scent: n.氣味, 香味, 香水, 線索, 嗅覺, 臭跡 vt.聞出, 嗅, 發(fā)覺, 循著遺臭追蹤, 使充滿氣味 vi.嗅獵, 發(fā)出氣味,pun6.7.8,6. - What day is the strongest day of the week? - S

40、unday. Other days are weekdays. 7. -You missed my class yesterday, didnt you? -Not in the least, sir, not in the least. (是沒趣) 8. - Why arent horses well dressed? - Because they wear shoes but no socks.,考研翻譯,2008,2008,46. he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage o

41、f forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations. 參考答案： 他相信，或許這種困難也有其好處，正是這種困難促使他能夠長時間專注地思考每一個句子，從而能夠在推理和自己的觀察中發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤。,2008,47. He asserts, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of t

42、hought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. 參考答案： 達爾文還聲稱，對于冗長且完全抽象的思想，他的理解能力十分有限。因為這個原因，他確信自己在數(shù)學方面根本不會成功。 for which reason引導非限定性定語從句，結構復雜，信息量較大，應該采用后置法翻譯，比較簡便的方法是翻譯為“由于這個原因”。,48. On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded t

43、he charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning. 參考答案 另一方面，有些評論認為盡管達爾文善于觀察，卻并不善于推理。達爾文并不接受此種言論，認為這是沒有根據(jù)的。,2008,48. On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he

44、 had no power of reasoning. 參考答案 另一方面，有些評論認為盡管達爾文善于觀察，卻并不善于推理。達爾文并不接受此種言論，認為這是沒有根據(jù)的。,2008,2005,（49） Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice -that o

45、f producing programs in Europe for Europe. 不同的文化和傳統(tǒng)把歐洲大陸編織成一體，要創(chuàng)造出一種尊重這些不同文化和傳統(tǒng)的“歐洲品牌”絕非易事，需要人們做出戰(zhàn)略性的選擇。,2006年,(46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic way about moral problems. 我會把“知識分子”定義為這樣的人：他們把以蘇格拉底的方式

46、來思考道德問題作為人生的主要責任和樂趣。 我會把知識分子定義為這樣的人：他把用蘇格拉底方式思考道德問題作為人生的主要任務和樂趣。 我把知識分子定義為這樣的個體：他用蘇格拉底的方式思考道德問題，并以此作為其生命中的主要職責與樂趣。 蘇格拉底: Socrates,49. He adds humbly that perhaps he was superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully. 參考答案 他謙遜地補充道，或

47、許他“比普通人更能夠注意到那些容易忽視的細節(jié)，并對其進行仔細的觀察”。,2008,50. Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character. 參考答案 達爾文堅信，失去這些(對音樂和繪畫的)興趣，不僅會失去幸福，而且還可能損害智力發(fā)展，甚至可能損害道德/品德。,2008,46. It may be

48、 said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive. 參考答案 雖然我們可以說衡量任何一個社會機構價值的標準是其在豐富和完善人生方面所起的作用，但這種作用并不是我們最初的動機的組成部分。 可以說，任何社會制度的價值在于它對擴大和改進經(jīng)驗方面的影響，但是這種影響并不是它原來的動機的一部分。,2009,47 Only

49、gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution. 參考答案 人們只是逐漸地才注意到機構的這一副產(chǎn)品，而人們把這種作用視為機構運作的指導性因素的過程則更為緩慢。 一種制度的副產(chǎn)品，只是逐步被注意到的，而這種效果被視為實施這種制度的一個指導性因素更加緩慢得多。,2009,48 While it is easy to

50、 ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults. 參考答案 雖然在與年輕人的接觸中我們?nèi)菀缀鲆曌约旱男袨閷λ麄兊男郧樗a(chǎn)生的影響，然而在與成年人打交道時這種情況就不那么容易發(fā)生。,2009,49 Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help consider

51、ing whether or no we are forming the powers which will secure this ability. 參考答案 由于我們對年輕人所做的首要工作在于使他們能夠在生活中彼此相融，因此我們不禁要考慮自己是否在形成讓他們獲得這種能力的力量。,2009,50 We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education - that of

52、direct tuition or schooling. 參考答案 這就使我們得以在一直討論的廣義的教育過程中進一步區(qū)分出一種更為正式的教育形式，即直接講授或?qū)W校教育。 因此，我們可以在上面所考慮的廣闊的教育過程之內(nèi)區(qū)別出一種比較正規(guī)的教育，即直接的教導或?qū)W校教育。,2009,2010,integrity,n. 完整；正直；誠實；廉正 1. an undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting e.g.: The integrity of the nervous system is required for

53、 normal development. synanym：unity; wholeness 2. moral soundness e.g.: she expects to find in us the common honesty and integrity of men of business; They admired his scrupulous professional integrity. adj. 細心的；小心謹慎的；一絲不茍的,2010,46. Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence

54、to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. If you describe a situation asshaky, you mean that it is weak or unstable, and seems unlikely to last long or be successful. 不牢靠的 大意是;意思是;主要內(nèi)容是 參考答案 科學家們立即拿出某些明顯站不住腳的證據(jù)前來救駕，大致說的是如果鳥兒不能控制害蟲的話，害蟲就會把我們吃掉。,2010,valid,adj. 有效的；有根

55、據(jù)的；合法的；正當?shù)?1. well grounded in logic or truth or having legal force a valid inference; a valid argument; a valid contract; a valid license 2. still legally acceptable the license is still valid,2010,47. but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue survival as a m

56、atter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us. 參考答案 但是我們至少已經(jīng)幾乎承認了這樣一種觀點：不管鳥類對我們是否有經(jīng)濟利益，生存都是它們的固有權利。,2010,intrinsic,adj.物生物本質(zhì)的，固有的 essential inherent interior constitutional adj. 1. belonging to a thing by its very nature 2. situated within or belonging s

57、olely to the organ or body part on which it acts,2010,48. Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless species”. 參考答案 曾幾何時，生物學家總是重述以下的這條證據(jù)：這些生物通過捕食弱小的動物去維持生物鏈的正常運行，或它們只是

58、去捕食“沒有價值的物種”。,2010,exterminate,vt. 消滅；根除 1. kill on a large scale; kill many E.G.：Hitler wanted to exterminate the Jews, Gypsies, Communists, and homosexuals of Europe. Synonym:kill off 2. destroy completely, as if down to the roots Synonym:uproot;eradicate; extirpate;root out,2010,49. In Europe, wh

59、ere forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason. as such: with respect to its inherent nature 同樣地；本身；就其本身而論 = as well/in the same way within reason: to a moderately sufficient extent or degree 理智的，合理的；合情合理,2010,