初一英語全冊(cè)語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總

1、初一英語全冊(cè)語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總當(dāng)我第一遍讀一本好書的時(shí)候，我仿佛覺得找到了一個(gè)朋友;當(dāng)我再一次讀這本書的時(shí)候，仿佛又和老朋友重逢。我們要把讀書當(dāng)作一種樂趣，并自覺把讀書和學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)合起來，做到博覽、精思、熟讀，更好地指導(dǎo)自己的學(xué)習(xí)，讓自己不斷成長(zhǎng)。讓我們一起到學(xué)習(xí)啦一起學(xué)習(xí)吧! 初一英語語法大全初一英語語法雖然是從簡(jiǎn)單的一些日常用語出發(fā)的，但語法中常會(huì)有一些知識(shí)點(diǎn)看起來很細(xì)小，容易被忽視，但這些知識(shí)點(diǎn)掌握不熟練，往往會(huì)造成一些語法應(yīng)用上的錯(cuò)誤。因此在學(xué)習(xí)初一英語語法時(shí)，要認(rèn)真、細(xì)心，不要覺得一些地方不重要而得過且過。下面從幾個(gè)方面，總結(jié)出了初一英語語法，如果要復(fù)習(xí)英語句法的同學(xué)，可以參考一下，一、初一

2、英語語法詞法1、名詞A)、名詞的數(shù)我們知道名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，而不可數(shù)名詞它沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可數(shù)名詞卻有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分，復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成如下：一)在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes三)1)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, docume

3、ntary-documentaries, story-stories2)以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways四)以o結(jié)尾加s(外來詞)。如：radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯五)以f或fe結(jié)尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves六)單復(fù)數(shù)相同(不變的)有：fish, sh

4、eep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese七)一般只有復(fù)數(shù)，沒有單數(shù)的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks八)單詞形式不變，既可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同學(xué), family家，家庭成員九)合成的復(fù)數(shù)一般只加主要名詞，多數(shù)為后一個(gè)單詞。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復(fù)數(shù)則同時(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)。如：man doctor-men doctors, wom

5、an teacher-women teachers十)有的單復(fù)數(shù)意思不同。如：fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報(bào)紙，卷子，論文, work工作 works作品，工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼鏡, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時(shí)間 times時(shí)代, 次數(shù), chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞十一) 單個(gè)字母的復(fù)數(shù)可以有兩種形式直接加s或s。如：Is (Is), Ks (Ks)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs十二) 特殊形

6、式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-EnglishmenB)名詞的格當(dāng)我們要表示某人的什么東西或人時(shí)，我們就要使用所有格形式。構(gòu)成如下：一)單數(shù)在后面加s。如：brothers, Mikes, teachers二)復(fù)數(shù)以s結(jié)尾的直接在s后加，如果不是以s結(jié)尾的與單數(shù)一樣處理。如：Teachers Day教師節(jié), classmates; Childrens Day六一節(jié), Womens Day三八節(jié)三)由and并列的名詞所有時(shí)，如果是共同所

7、有同一人或物時(shí)，只加最后一個(gè)s，但分別擁有時(shí)卻分別按單數(shù)形式處理。如：Mike and Bens room邁克和本的房間(共住一間)，Mikes and Bens rooms邁克和本的房間(各自的房間)2、代詞項(xiàng)目 人稱代詞 物主代詞 指示代詞 反身代詞人稱 主格 賓格 形容詞 名詞性第一人稱 單數(shù) I me my mine myself復(fù)數(shù) we us our ours ourselves第二人稱 單數(shù) you you your yours yourself復(fù)數(shù) you you your yours yourselves第三人稱 單數(shù) she her her hers herselfhe h

8、im his his himselfit it its its this that itself復(fù)數(shù) they them their theirs these those themselves3、動(dòng)詞A) 第三人稱單數(shù)當(dāng)動(dòng)詞是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該像名詞的單數(shù)變動(dòng)詞那樣加s，如下：一)一般在詞后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes三)1)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es。如：study-studie

9、s, hurry-hurries, try-tries2)以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys四)以o結(jié)尾加es。如：does, goes五)特殊的有：are-is, have-hasB) 現(xiàn)在分詞當(dāng)我們說某人正在做什么事時(shí)，動(dòng)詞要使用分詞形式，不能用原形，構(gòu)成如下：一)一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing

10、二)以不發(fā)音e的結(jié)尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having三)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且一個(gè)元音字母+一個(gè)輔音字母(注意除開字母組合如show showing, draw-drawing)要雙寫最后的輔音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning四)以ie結(jié)尾的變ie為y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 l

11、ie-lying 位于4、形容詞的級(jí)我們?cè)趯?duì)兩個(gè)或以上的人或物進(jìn)行對(duì)比時(shí)，則要使用比較或最高級(jí)形式。構(gòu)成如下：一) 一般在詞后加er或est(如果是以e結(jié)尾則直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter shortest, taller tallest, longer longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest二)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且1個(gè)元音字母+1個(gè)輔音字母(字母組合除外，如few-fewer fewest)結(jié)尾的雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest,

12、hot-hotter hottest三) 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的變y為i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest四)特殊情況：(兩好多壞，一少老遠(yuǎn))good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill worse worstlittle- less least old

13、- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest5、數(shù)詞 (基變序，有規(guī)則;一、二、三，自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y結(jié)尾，變?yōu)閕, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth二、初一英語語法句式1.陳述句肯定陳述句 a) This is a

14、book. (be動(dòng)詞)b) He looks very young. (連系動(dòng)詞)c) I want a sweat like this. (實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)d) I can bring some things to school. (情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)e) Theres a computer on my desk. (There be結(jié)構(gòu))否定陳述句 a) These arent their books. b) They dont look nice.c) Kate doesnt go to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate cant find her doll.e) There

15、 isnt a cat here. (=Theres no cat here.)2. 祈使句肯定祈使句 a) Please go and ask the man. b) Lets learn English!c) Come in, please.否定祈使句a) Dont be late. b) Dont hurry.3. 疑問句1) 一般疑問句 a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I help you? c) Does she like salad?d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading?肯定回答: a) Yes, he is. b)

16、Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is.否定回答: a) No, he isnt. b) No, you cant. c) No, she doesnt. d) No, they dont. e) No, she isnt.2) 選擇疑問句 Is the table big or small? 回答 Its big./ Its small.3) 特殊疑問句 問年齡 How old is Lucy? She is twelve. 問種類 What kind of movies do you like? I l

17、ike action movies and comedies. 問身體狀況 How is your uncle? He is well/fine. 問方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.How do we contact you? My e-mail address is . 問原因 Why do you want to join the club? 問時(shí)間 Whats the time? (=What time is it?) Its a quarter to ten a.m.What time do you u

18、sually get up, Rick? At five oclock.When do you want to go? Lets go at 7:00. 問地方 Wheres my backpack? Its under the table. 問顏色 What color are they? They are light blue.Whats your favourite color? Its black. 問人物 Whos that? Its my sister.Who is the boy in blue? My brother.Who isnt at school? Peter and

19、Emma.Who are Lisa and Tim talking to? 問東西 Whats this/that (in English)? Its a pencil case.What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.11問姓名 Whats your aunts name? Her name is Helen./Shes Helen.Whats your first name? My first names Ben.Whats your family

20、name? My family names Smith.12 問哪一個(gè) Which do you like? I like one in the box.13 問字母 What letter is it? Its big D/small f.14 問價(jià)格 How much are these pants? Theyre 15 dollars.15 問電話號(hào)碼 Whats your phone number? Its 576-8349.16 問謂語(動(dòng)作) Whats he doing? Hes watching TV.17 問職業(yè)(身份) What do you do? Im a teache

21、r.Whats your father? Hes a doctor.三、初一英語語法時(shí)態(tài)1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 表示普遍、經(jīng)常性的或長(zhǎng)期性的動(dòng)作時(shí)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，它有：Be 動(dòng)詞：Shes a worker. Is she a worker? She isnt a worker.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I cant play the piano.行為動(dòng)詞：They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They dont want to ea

22、t any tomatoes.Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesnt have a watch.2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 表示動(dòng)詞在此時(shí)正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行就使用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為sb be v-ing sth + 其它.Im playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? Im not playing baseball.Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isnt writing a letter.T

23、heyre listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They arent listening to the pop music. 祈使句(Imperative Sentence)定義：用于表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求、勸告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表達(dá)命令，因此在學(xué)校文法中也常稱為命令句。祈使句因?qū)ο?即主語)是第二人稱，所以通常都省略。祈使句的動(dòng)詞都為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，句末則使用句號(hào)來表示結(jié)束。例：Go and wash your hands.(去洗你的手。命令)Be quiet, please.(Pleas

24、e be quiet.)(請(qǐng)安靜。請(qǐng)求)Be kind to our sister.(對(duì)姊妹要和善。勸告)Watch your steps.(走路小心。警告)Look out!Danger!(小心!危險(xiǎn)!強(qiáng)烈警告，已如感嘆句)Keep off the grass.(勿踐草坪。禁止)No parking.(禁止停車。禁止)祈使句的否定通常使用“Dont ”，例如：Dont let the dog in. (不要讓那只狗進(jìn)來。)Dont touch, please. (請(qǐng)不要用手觸摸。)Dont be silly. (別傻了。)祈使句也常把主語“You”表達(dá)出來，使對(duì)方聽起來覺得柔和些，例如：Yo

25、u go and tell him, Chris. (克立斯你去告訴他。) 這是初一上下冊(cè)的重點(diǎn)。望采納!一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1話闈榭魷陋苯蛹-s紿book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2詓. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾-es紿bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3“輔音字母 y”結(jié)尾鋣為i, 再加-es紿family-families, strawberry-strawberries4“f或fe”結(jié)尾鋐或fe為v, 再加-es紿knife-knives Leafleaves5還嬖蠣詞復(fù)數(shù)man-

26、men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,child-children foot-feet, tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)口語寶針對(duì)小學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語口語特點(diǎn)，結(jié)合多媒體和最新的語音分析技術(shù)，讓中國(guó)的孩子開口說流利英語。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹【No. 1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如I g

27、et up at six every day.我天天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1. be動(dòng)詞饔 be(am,is,are) 其它。如 I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞饔 行為動(dòng)詞( 其它)。如 We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)在動(dòng)詞后加-s或-es。如Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語?！綨o. 2】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1. be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句饔 be not 其它。 如He is not a worker

28、.他不是工人。一般疑問句Be 主語 其它。如-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 非凡疑問句晌蝕 一般疑問句。如Where is my bike?2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句饔 dont( doesnt ) 動(dòng)詞原形( 其它)。如 I dont like bread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)用doesnt構(gòu)成否定句。如 He doesnt often play.一般疑問句Do( Does ) 主語 動(dòng)詞原形 其它。如- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)

29、用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.動(dòng)詞 s的變化規(guī)則1話闈榭魷陋苯蛹-s紿cook-cooks, milk-milks2詓. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾-es紿guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3“輔音字母 y”結(jié)尾鋣為i, 再加-es紿study-studies三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)口語寶針對(duì)小學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語口語特點(diǎn)，結(jié)合多媒體和最新的語音分析技術(shù)，讓中國(guó)的孩子開口說流利英語。1衷誚行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作

30、部殺硎鏡鼻耙歡問奔淠詰幕疃或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2衷誚行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be 動(dòng)詞ing.3衷誚行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。4衷誚行時(shí)的一般疑問句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。5衷誚行時(shí)的非凡疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為 疑問詞不達(dá)意 be 主語 動(dòng)詞ing?但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為 疑問詞不達(dá)意 be 動(dòng)詞ing?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1話闈榭魷陋苯蛹觟ng紿cook-cooking2圓環(huán)艫膃結(jié)尾e加ing紿make-making, taste-tasting 3假如末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母雙寫末尾的輔音字母再加ing如瑀un-running, stop-stopping四、將來時(shí)理論及練習(xí)口語寶

31、針對(duì)小學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語口語特點(diǎn)，結(jié)合多媒體和最新的語音分析技術(shù)，讓中國(guó)的孩子開口說流利英語。一、概念表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或預(yù)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語瑃omorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon,the day after tomorrow筇颯取二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)be going to do will do.三、否定句在be動(dòng)詞m, is, are后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成wont。例如琁m going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picn

32、ic this afternoon.四、同義句琤e going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow明天. = I will go swimming tomorrow.五、一般過去時(shí)口語寶針對(duì)小學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語口語特點(diǎn)，結(jié)合多媒體和最新的語音分析技術(shù)，讓中國(guó)的孩子開口說流利英語。1一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2獴e動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化am 和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。as not=wasntare在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。ere not=werent

33、3句中沒有be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的句子否定句琩idnt 動(dòng)詞原形如琂im didnt go home yesterday.動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則1一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed如瑆ork_-worked , cook-cooked2結(jié)尾是e加d如琹ive_lived3末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母再加-ed如瑂top-stopped4以“輔音字母 y”結(jié)尾的變y為i 再加-ed如瑂tudy-studied5不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式 am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went

34、, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took,run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat六、人稱代詞和物主代詞口語寶針對(duì)小學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語口語特點(diǎn)，結(jié)合多媒體和最新的語音分析技術(shù)，讓中國(guó)的孩子開口說流利英語。主格 賓格 形容詞性 名詞性 I me my mineyou you your yourshe him his hisshe her her hersit it its itswe us

35、our ours具體用法1.Hello 的用法Hello 的意思為“您好” 話憧勺魑熟人著蠛糜閻間的打招呼用語,語氣比較隨便如Hello,Li Hua!你好罨。 Hello,Tom!你好濫藩Hello 也可以用以引起某人注意迷詿虻緇笆被蛘咴諑飛嚇黽熟人時(shí),相當(dāng)于中文中的“喂”惺幣部捎肏i 來代替hello 前者顯得更隨便。2.Whats your name?的用法當(dāng)兩人初次見面互相詢問姓名時(shí)？捎肳hats your name?來提問；卮鶚豹？捎肕y name is .來回答,接著反問對(duì)方時(shí)？捎肁nd whats your name?來提問。例如Hi!Whats your name? 你好憬惺裁

36、疵字Hi!My name is Lucy.And whats your name? 你好醫(yī)新段鰲憬惺裁疵字My name is Wang Ying. 我叫王英。句中的Whats是What is的縮寫形式。3.Good morning,class (teacher).的用法:Good morning,class.同學(xué)們好。 Good morningteacher.老師好。這是上午上課時(shí)鮮和全班同學(xué)互相問候時(shí)用語。Good morning 是上午問候時(shí)的用語嚶糜謔烊霜笥鴉蚣胰酥間潛冉險(xiǎn)式的問候用語。句中問候語放在前面坪粲鐫蛞放在后面枚漢鷗艨。例如 Good morning.Mr.White.懷特先生愫謾4.英語字母英語中有26個(gè)字母懇蛔幟贛寫笮蔥問膠托蔥問攪街幀笮蔥問餃縵陋A a B b C c D d E e F f G g H h I I J j K k L l M m N n O o P p Q q R rS s T t U u V v W w X x Y y Z z1.Are you撓梅這是一疑問句型饉際“你是嗎”用來詢問姓名耙氮矸蕕泉如Are you a worker?你是一名工人嗎Are you a student?